Tanzanian economic review最新文献_第7页

Macroeconomic Determinants of Private Sector Credit in Tanzania: 1991–2018 坦桑尼亚私营部门信贷的宏观经济决定因素:1991-2018

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v10i2.66

A. Kilindo

{"title":"Macroeconomic Determinants of Private Sector Credit in Tanzania: 1991–2018","authors":"A. Kilindo","doi":"10.56279/ter.v10i2.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v10i2.66","url":null,"abstract":"Tanzania has undertaken significant changes that have altered the role of macroeconomic variables in the financial sector during the past three decades. These include deregulation of interest rates, combating inflation and improving macroeconomic performance, and increasing access to credit by the private sector. In this context, our study aims to analyse the impact of macroeconomic variables on bank credit to the private sector using annual data spanning from 1991 to 2018; the period after financial sector reforms. After performing unit root test and co-integration tests, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was applied to establish the dynamic long– run relationship between macroeconomic variables, namely, GDP, the lending rate, inflation and private sector credit. From the results, it can be seen that all these three macroeconomic variables have contributed positively towards bank credit growth in the Tanzanian economy. The co-integration and the error correction model estimation results also suggest that the macroeconomic variables had a long-run relationship with bank credit. The study findings call for policy makers to observe the behaviour of lending rates, inflation and economic growth to enhance credit demand and stimulate investment and growth.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87697319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empirical Analysis of the Adequacy of the Pension System in Mainland Tanzania 坦桑尼亚大陆养老金制度充分性的实证分析

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v10i2.63

Irene C. Isaka, M. Ndanshau

引用次数: 0

Determinants of Demand for Health Insurance in Uganda: An Analysis of Utilisation and Willingness to Pay 乌干达医疗保险需求的决定因素:利用和支付意愿分析

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v10i1.53

Dablin Mpuuga, Bruno L. Yawe, J. Muwanga

{"title":"Determinants of Demand for Health Insurance in Uganda: An Analysis of Utilisation and Willingness to Pay","authors":"Dablin Mpuuga, Bruno L. Yawe, J. Muwanga","doi":"10.56279/ter.v10i1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v10i1.53","url":null,"abstract":"Health insurance is increasingly being recognized in Uganda as an effective way of protecting people against catastrophic health expenditures. However, only 5 percent of Ugandans hold health insurance, and only 42 percent would consider joining any healthinsurance scheme. It is in this regard that this study sought to examine the determinants of demand for health insurance in Uganda. After applying a logistic model on Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) data of 2016/17, the results reveal that awareness is a very crucial factor in determining demand for health insurance, and that most Ugandans are not aware of health insurance as a mode of paying for medical care. The results further reveal that although most of the people suffering from non-communicable diseases are willing to pay for health insurance, very few have health insurance in this regard. Generally, willingness to pay does not translate into actual utilisation of health insurance. Thus, the study recommends the promotion of awareness about health insurance, increasing the literacy levels of Ugandans through education, promoting poverty reduction and income enhancing programs, as well as urgently implementing a National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). \u0000JEL Codes: A10, I11, I19","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90993980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanism in East Africa: A Comparative Study of Tanzania, Kenya And Uganda 东非货币政策传导机制:坦桑尼亚、肯尼亚和乌干达的比较研究

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v10i1.54

Hamza A. Mkai, Jehovaness Aikaeli

引用次数: 0

Environmental Implication of Sesame Production in Tanzania: A Case Study of Kilwa District, Lindi Region 坦桑尼亚芝麻生产对环境的影响:以林迪地区Kilwa地区为例

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v10i1.56

R. Lokina, J. Tibanywana, M. Ndanshau

{"title":"Environmental Implication of Sesame Production in Tanzania: A Case Study of Kilwa District, Lindi Region","authors":"R. Lokina, J. Tibanywana, M. Ndanshau","doi":"10.56279/ter.v10i1.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v10i1.56","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the possibilities for sustainable land use management at farm level to preserve the tropical rainforest in the Lindi region, Tanzania. It investigates the implication of agricultural production, in particular a high valued sesame production on household deforestation in Kilwa district, in Lindi region. The choice of the study area is because Lindi region is one of the leading sesame producers in the country. The analysis is based on data collected in Kilwa district, from a sample of 310 households in six village. The key question in the questionnaire administered to heads of households was, among others, factors that influenced their decision to clear new land for sesame farming in the previous crop season. Thus, the study set out to understand drivers of deforestation in Lindi region at the household level. Using bivariate Probit model it investigated whether sesame production influenced clearance of new area. The main findings of this study indicate that even though sesame production influence household welfare positively, it is also likely to affect the environment negatively. It recommends the need to put in place appropriate policies and infrastructure such that farmers can increase productivity without the need to expand farm land. \u0000JEL Classification: Q1, Q17","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72603715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Promotion Strategies and Performance of Commercial Banks: Evidence from CRDB Bank Plc in Tanzania 商业银行促销策略与绩效:来自坦桑尼亚CRDB银行的证据

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v10i1.61

O. K. Mbura, M. Sekela

{"title":"Promotion Strategies and Performance of Commercial Banks: Evidence from CRDB Bank Plc in Tanzania","authors":"O. K. Mbura, M. Sekela","doi":"10.56279/ter.v10i1.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v10i1.61","url":null,"abstract":"This article is informed by the planned behaviour and hierarchy of effect theories to examine the influence of five traditional promotion strategies on the performance of commercial banks in Tanzania, taking evidence from one of the leading commercial banks in the country - CRDB Plc. This quantitative based study used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from randomly selected 208 sampled employees. With the support of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, a hypothesised model that included promotion strategies as predictors of commercial banks’ performance was evaluated using a multiple linear regression model. The results supported the hypothesised model, indicating that all the promotion strategies had positive; and only four (excluding publicity) had important influence on the performance of commercial banks. From the findings, the study recommends that commercial banks need to innovatively prioritise adoption of the complementary use of the four significant promotion strategies of sales promotion, advertising, personal selling, and direct marketing to manage the performance of commercial banks. Nevertheless, publicity should not be entirely ignored as it also has some positive effect. ","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88917753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Pragmatic History of Economic Thought: Explaining Trade Practices and Policies in Kenya 经济思想的实用主义历史:解释肯尼亚的贸易实践和政策

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v10i1.59

Majune Kraido Socrates, Mwania Davis Kimuli

引用次数: 3

Integrating Informal Economy into Official Economy in Southern Africa: Identifying Barriers and Possible Solutions 南部非洲非正规经济与官方经济的整合:识别障碍和可能的解决办法

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v10i1.58

Upenyu Sakarombe

{"title":"Integrating Informal Economy into Official Economy in Southern Africa: Identifying Barriers and Possible Solutions","authors":"Upenyu Sakarombe","doi":"10.56279/ter.v10i1.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v10i1.58","url":null,"abstract":"In the Lewisian model, the informal sector was thought to automatically formalise with time. This was known as the Lewis Turning Point. However, with time as industrialisation increased, the so-called informal sector was not diminishing, rather at times it was increasing. This tends to suggest the existence of structural barriers to formalisation, which the authorities should address. This study sought to identify these barriers basing on theoretical arguments by empirically testing the significance of the causes of the informal sector as they become barriers to formalisation. The structural equation modelling (SEM) approach was used in a multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) framework. This study presents the findings that barriers to formality are high tax burden, poor institutional quality (poor control of corruption), high government consumption, unemployment rate, and low trade openness. This argument has been built theoretically and has been suggested empirically by the results. This paper suggests the creation of Quasi-Lewis conditions through adopting the following possible solutions: reduce tax burden and resort to sovereign wealth fund (SWF) as a source of income, reduce government size, create more jobs, and provide credit and business development services to informal operators, introduce simplified bureaucratic procedures, and liberalise trade.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76224281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Interrelationship Between Fiscal Deficit, Aggregate Savings and Investment: A Test of Ricardian Equivalence Hypothesis in Nigeria 财政赤字、总储蓄和投资的相互关系:对尼日利亚李嘉图等价假设的检验

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v10i1.55

Ogbuagu Matthew Ikechukwu, Joseph A. Omojolaibi

{"title":"Interrelationship Between Fiscal Deficit, Aggregate Savings and Investment: A Test of Ricardian Equivalence Hypothesis in Nigeria","authors":"Ogbuagu Matthew Ikechukwu, Joseph A. Omojolaibi","doi":"10.56279/ter.v10i1.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v10i1.55","url":null,"abstract":"Conflicting results on the relationship between government fiscal deficit, savings and investment behaviour of households remains unresolved. Some authors have argued that households might unconsciously play out adherence to the dictates of the Ricardian equivalence hypothesis (REH) because they practice an infinite consumption horizon. Relying on the vector autoregression (VAR) technique and the impulse response function (IRF), this study examines the validity of the REH and the interactions between fiscal deficit, aggregate savings, and private investment in Nigeria within a 48-year period. The results reveal that government fiscal deficit exerts negative effects on gross domestic savings and investment, which is further affirmed by the impulse response function (IRF). These findings rather uphold the neoclassical literary arguments that economic growth is retarded due to crowding out effects resulting from fiscal deficits; hence opposing the REH. Thus, policy-makers should adhere to the fiscal deficits benchmark of less than 40 percent of GDP as proposed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to maintain stable macroeconomic conditions. \u0000JEL Classification: E62, E21-E22, E23","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91184818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Empirical Analysis of Livelihood Strategies and Food Insecurity in Turkana County, Kenya 肯尼亚图尔卡纳县生计战略与粮食不安全实证分析

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v10i1.60

John Kamau Gathiaka, Moses Kinyanjui Muriithi

{"title":"Empirical Analysis of Livelihood Strategies and Food Insecurity in Turkana County, Kenya","authors":"John Kamau Gathiaka, Moses Kinyanjui Muriithi","doi":"10.56279/ter.v10i1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v10i1.60","url":null,"abstract":"The pastoral communities of Turkana in northern Kenya have for ages satisfied their economic, social, and cultural needs through nomadic pastoralism. But due to increasing frequency of drought and market shocks, the ability of age-old strategies to shield these pastoralists from poverty and food insecurity has declined. With only livestock and social capital as the main assets in a communal property regime, it is not clear which of the various livelihood strategies that these pastoralists pursue can shield households from drought and market shocks. This study investigates livelihood strategies as pursued by pastoralists in Turkana County with a view to identify strategies that can effectively shield households from shocks. Data for the study is sourced from the Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (KIHBS) 2005/06. Available literature is used to identify livelihood strategies in Turkana, while the KIHBS data is used to establish the population of people pursuing each strategy. Anova and Bonferroni tests give evidence of the existence of four livelihood strategies using food expenditure ratio as the categorizing variable. Multinomial logit regression is used to analyse the determinants of livelihood strategies. Findings, though not conclusive, suggest correlation between food insecurity and livelihood strategy. Policies that target to influence livelihood strategies may have implications on food security in Turkana, even though further analysis is required to confirm the association.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91250842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0