Tanzanian economic review最新文献

Determinants of Local Destination Air Ticket Demand: A Lesson from Norwegian Airlines Operating on the Link Between Molde and Oslo 当地目的地机票需求的决定因素：在莫尔德和奥斯陆之间运营的挪威航空公司的经验教训

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v14i1.156

Patrick Singogo

引用次数: 0

Household Shocks and Children's Labour: Panel Survey Evidence from Tanzania 家庭冲击与儿童劳动：坦桑尼亚的面板调查证据

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v14i1.173

Monica Sebastian Kauky

{"title":"Household Shocks and Children's Labour: Panel Survey Evidence from Tanzania","authors":"Monica Sebastian Kauky","doi":"10.56279/ter.v14i1.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v14i1.173","url":null,"abstract":"Household shocks can significantly affect a family's well-being, often leading them to resort to child labour as a coping mechanism. However, child labour not only impedes a country's progress but also detrimentally affects children's welfare. In this study, we investigated the effects of household shocks on child labour in Tanzania, utilising data from two waves of the National Panel survey conducted in 2014–15 and 2019–20. The study employed a fixed-effects regression model to examine the effects of household shocks on child labour measured by child hours of work. The findings of this study reveal that both climate and food price shocks correlate with increased child labour prioritising hours. We also observed that child school attendance acts as a deterrent to child labour. To address these challenges, governments should prioritize implementing social safety nets and assistance programs to alleviate the impact of climate and food price shocks on vulnerable households.To add on this, there is a pressing need for policymakers to focus on expanding access to and enhancing the quality of education, particularly in rural areas where child labour rates are disproportionately higher. Such measures have the potential to effectively reduce child labour incidence and simultaneously improve schooling outcomes.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Uganda and Tanzania's Competitiveness in Prepared Foodstuffs within the EAC Market: A Comparative Analysis 乌干达和坦桑尼亚预制食品在东非共同体市场的竞争力评估：比较分析

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v14i1.187

Aaron Ecel, Mariah Nankya Nakintu, Racheal Nakigudde, Jimmy Moses Otim, Monica Gimbo

{"title":"Assessment of Uganda and Tanzania's Competitiveness in Prepared Foodstuffs within the EAC Market: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"Aaron Ecel, Mariah Nankya Nakintu, Racheal Nakigudde, Jimmy Moses Otim, Monica Gimbo","doi":"10.56279/ter.v14i1.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v14i1.187","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the competitiveness of Uganda and Tanzania in the East African Community's (EAC) prepared foodstuffs trade, a market valued at $2.5 billion in 2022. We analyze trade data from the International Trade Centre and UN COMTRADE (2013-2022) using CMSA, RCA, and TII indices for ‘Prepared foodstuffs’ (as defined by the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System). Our findings reveal contrasting contexts. Uganda's export growth stemmed from the composition of its exports, with products highly sought-after in the EAC. However, distribution inefficiencies and declining competitiveness in certain categories hampered further growth. Conversely, Tanzania's competitive edge initially boosted exports, but they were limited by neglecting high-growth EAC markets(distribution inefficiencies). By identifying product categories within prepared foodstuffs that require targeted interventions, this study highlights lucrative opportunities within the EAC marketplace. This analysis goes beyond basic export values, exploring the underlying reasons for trade performance and providing valuable insights for policymakers and exporters in the region.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Integrated Conditional Cash Transfers and Public Works Programs on Household Income Generation in Rural Tanzania 坦桑尼亚农村地区有条件现金转移和公共工程计划对家庭创收的综合影响

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v14i1.150

Fides Emmanuel, A. Hepelwa

引用次数: 0

Determinants of Tax Collection from Multinational Enterprises in Tanzania 坦桑尼亚跨国企业税收的决定因素

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v14i1.153

Straton Makundi, Henry Chalu, D. Mahangila

{"title":"Determinants of Tax Collection from Multinational Enterprises in Tanzania","authors":"Straton Makundi, Henry Chalu, D. Mahangila","doi":"10.56279/ter.v14i1.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v14i1.153","url":null,"abstract":"Tax collection to finance public expenditure is a major challenge for developing countries. There is a concern that Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) avoid paying taxes by shifting taxable income to countries with low corporate tax rates. The paper explored the factors that determine tax revenue collection from MNEs in Tanzania. Primary data from 140 MNEs respondents, were collected, using a questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The findings indicate that the lack of comparable data for price benchmarking of transactions undertaken between MNEs to determine if they are at arm’s length affects tax revenue collection from MNEs. The availability of comparable information is critical as it enables the use by MNEs of an appropriate transfer pricing method hence appropriate tax payments. Practically, the paper highlights the need for the government to work with MNEs to address the challenge of lack of comparable data and consider the effectiveness of alternative methods to transfer pricing methods including the fixed margin method and the use of global minimum tax rate. Not including other factors which may influence tax collection from MNEs, using only primary data and use of a questionnaire to collect data are limitations that may be addressed in future studies.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Case Against Trophy Hunting Through Utilitarianism Lens: Evidence from Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania 从功利主义角度反对战利品狩猎：坦桑尼亚塞卢斯野生动物保护区的证据

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v14i1.184

Ritha D. Kalokola, Martin Chegere, Edmund Mabhuye

引用次数: 0

Effect of Mobile Phone Access on Non-Farming Self- Employment and Income Among Female-Headed Households in Tanzania 移动电话接入对坦桑尼亚女户主家庭非农自营职业和收入的影响

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v14i1.180

David Ngwilizi, O. Selejio, Remidius Rehundika

{"title":"Effect of Mobile Phone Access on Non-Farming Self- Employment and Income Among Female-Headed Households in Tanzania","authors":"David Ngwilizi, O. Selejio, Remidius Rehundika","doi":"10.56279/ter.v14i1.180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v14i1.180","url":null,"abstract":"While having access to mobile phone technologies has shown a promising and relevant effect on rural households' livelihoods, it is important to investigate their effect on other vulnerable groups, such as female- headed households. This paper uses a sample of 1,641 households from Tanzania's national panel data, rounds four and five of 2014/15 and 2020/21, respectively. It employs the 2SRI framework to investigate whether access to mobile phones enhances female-headed households participation in non-farm self-employment and improves their income. The results indicate that mobile phone technology significantly increased the likelihood of female-headed households participating in non-farm self-employment enterprises by 11.4 percent and improved the share of the income of the self-employment enterprises in the total household income by 7.9 percent. The estimate further shows evidence that female household heads located in urban areas, skilled and younger experience greater income gain than their counterparts. Thus, the efforts that support and promote mobile phone technology access and usage, coupled with literacy rate improvement among vulnerable sub-populations or groups, are pertinent issues for creating employment and improving income for the groups.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monetary Policy and the Macroeconomy: The Ethiopian Experience 货币政策与宏观经济：埃塞俄比亚的经验

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v14i1.190

Matias Assefa

{"title":"Monetary Policy and the Macroeconomy: The Ethiopian Experience","authors":"Matias Assefa","doi":"10.56279/ter.v14i1.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v14i1.190","url":null,"abstract":"Successful conduct of monetary policy is known to be critical for ensuring macroeconomic stability. The central banking system of Ethiopia has achieved stability neither in prices nor in the foreign exchange market in the recent history. However, it is unclear how monetary policy decisions translate into important macroeconomic outcomes in Ethiopia. This paper uses descriptive tools and econometric estimates from a structural vector autoregression model based on quarterly time series data for 2006-2020 to address this question. It is shown that reserve money, which is the central bank’s operating target, is a weak predictor of macroeconomic goal variables. This observation, allied with the lack of central bank independence, transparency and communication with the public, can help explain the inefficacy of the monetary targeting regime. It is also found that the prevailing structure and development of the financial system is problematic for effective monetary transmission. The results imply that successful monetary policy requires a two- pronged effort: a short-run strategy aimed at revising the monetary policy framework, and a medium- to long-run strategy aimed at reforming the financial services sector.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Tanzania 坦桑尼亚的政府支出与经济增长

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v13i2.108

P. Magai, Rosemary Emmanuel Masele

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Healthcare Expenditure on Maternal Mortality in Uganda 医疗保健支出对乌干达孕产妇死亡率的影响

Tanzanian economic review Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.56279/ter.v13i2.161

Phionah Atuhaire, Elizabeth Ekirapa-Kiracho, John Mutenyo

{"title":"The Effect of Healthcare Expenditure on Maternal Mortality in Uganda","authors":"Phionah Atuhaire, Elizabeth Ekirapa-Kiracho, John Mutenyo","doi":"10.56279/ter.v13i2.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v13i2.161","url":null,"abstract":"The maternal mortality rate in Uganda of 189 per 100,000 live births remains above the global target of 70 per 100,000. Evidence shows that the mode of healthcare expenditure impacts the provision of maternal healthcare services and reduction in maternal mortality. Understanding how healthcare expenditure impacts maternal health outcomes in Uganda is important for policy. Data from World Development Indicators for the period 1985-2019 were used to explore the effect of healthcare expenditure on maternal mortality using an auto-regressive distributed lag model. The findings showed that domestic government expenditure targeted on maternal health conditions significantly reduces maternal mortality. An increase in nurses was also associated with significant reductions in maternal mortality; hence, the government should increase investment in training and posting adequate nurses at public health facilities, where the majority of Ugandans seek care. Similarly, out-of-pocket health expenditure and total health expenditure per capita were both associated with a reduction in maternal deaths in the short-run. However, while out-of-pocket health expenditure is associated with a reduction in maternal mortality, it is inequitable. The Uganda National Health Insurance should ensure that financial risk protection for the poor is implemented to move towards universal health coverage.","PeriodicalId":91807,"journal":{"name":"Tanzanian economic review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0