Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"CD151 Promotes Cancer Progression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Inducing EMT through the MAPK Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Haishu Lv, Beibei Zhang, Xi Weng, Youjia Li, Chaoxian Deng, Rui Wang, Lei Shi, Yuanqin Yin","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S518760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S518760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer has become one of the most prevalent malignant neoplasms among women, poses a significant threat to public health. As a member of the tetraspanin family of proteins, CD151 is implicated in tumor progression and has been shown to regulate various cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive malignancy. However, the specific functions of CD151 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the pro-tumorigenic role of CD151 in TNBC by focusing on its interaction with integrin α3β1, which often forms a complex with CD151.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study first evaluated CD151 expression in clinical samples from TNBC patients and TNBC cell lines by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis. Through RNA interference (RNAi) and constructed overexpressed plasmids, we further validated the impact of CD151 on the migration and invasion of TNBC cells. Then the differentially expressed genes were screened by single-cell RNA sequencing, and these genes were enriched and analyzed. Co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated the binding of CD151 with integrin α3β1. Western blotting analysis was used to evaluate the expression of proteins related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CD151 is highly expressed in TNBC tissues and cell lines. It enhanced the migration and invasive ability of TNBC cells by promoting EMT. Co-IP demonstrated the binding of CD151 and integrin α3β1. In addition, we found that knockdown of either integrin α3β1 or CD151 reduced the migration and invasion of TNBC cells in vitro. Western blot analysis revealed that the CD151-integrin α3β1 complex could activate the MAPK signaling pathway in TNBC cells, subsequently leading to EMT of these cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on our findings, we propose a novel mechanism by which CD151 mediates tumor progression through the initiation of EMT. This suggests that CD151 could be considered a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"455-470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12127528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promising Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Immunotherapy in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma.","authors":"Qingjian Tan, Na Li, Yan Wang, Tian Du, Gehao Liang, Zixuan Zhao, Jun Tang, Hao Wu","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S512790","DOIUrl":"10.2147/BCTT.S512790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MpBC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of breast cancer that often shows poor response to conventional neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combining NAC with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in MpBC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of MpBC patients treated with NAC, with or without the addition of immunotherapy, at Sun Yat-sen university Cancer center between 2017 and 2024. We assessed clinical and pathological response to NAC in MpBC patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>40 MpBC patients treated with NAC were identified, 33 patients treated with NAC alone, 7 patients treated with NAC and immunotherapy, 4 (10%) patients achieved pCR. Among the 33 patients treated with NAC alone, only 2 (6%) achieved pCR. In contrast, 7 patients received additional immunotherapy, and 3 started immunotherapy at the initiation of NAC, with 2 of these (67%) achieving pCR. Patients who received immunotherapy after disease progression on NAC showed varying degrees of tumor response, from stable disease (SD) to partial response (PR).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed a promising response on addition of immunotherapy to NAC among patients with MpBC, suggesting that immunotherapy may have great potential in the treatment of metaplastic breast carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"447-454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis in Sudanese Women Before the War.","authors":"Hana Eltayeb Salih Elamin, Hind Eltayeb Salih Elamin, Ghada Omer Hamad Abd El-Raheem, Mounkaila Noma","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S506724","DOIUrl":"10.2147/BCTT.S506724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer in African women is characterized by early onset, late presentation, and consequently poor prognosis. The reason for the late presentation was the delay by patients, due to ignorance, superstition, a skeptical attitude towards western medicine, and dependency on traditional medicine.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of our study was to assess the factors of late presentation at Khartoum Oncology hospital of women suffering from breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital based cross-sectional study was implemented to assess the causes related to late presentation of women with breast cancer. Statistical analysis tests done to assess associations among variables were performed through chi². A multi-nominal regression analysis assessed the factors associated to late presentation. All statistical tests were considered significant when <i>p</i><0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>250 females with breast cancer were studied, their age ranged between 22 years and 77 years with a median of 50 years. Barriers to early presentation were the duration of the condition before presentation (<i>p</i>=0.003) and most importantly the lack of education (<i>p</i>=0.048). As well as having low financial status (<i>p</i>= 0.045) and favouring alternative treatments such as herbal medicine (<i>p</i>=0.041) and Quran therapy (<i>p</i>=0.047). Other reasons were the fear of doctor and surgery (<i>p</i>=0.021) and the fear of diagnosis with a serious condition (<i>p</i>=0.009). Breast cancer was prevalent in all states of Sudan especially Northern state.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fear and seeking treatment alternatives strongly contributed to late presentation. The lack of education and the unawareness about breast self-examination (BSE) are issues needed to be addressed by authorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"433-445"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Targeted Therapy for Brain Metastases in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-Positive Breast Cancer: A Focus on ADCs and TKIs.","authors":"Bin Rao, Peicheng Huo, Jieming Lu, Wenwen Huang","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S503703","DOIUrl":"10.2147/BCTT.S503703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Brain metastasis remains a significant therapeutic challenge in HER2-positive breast cancer, contributing to poor prognosis and limited treatment options. This review aims to summarize recent advancements in targeted therapies for brain metastasis in HER2-positive breast cancer, with a focus on the efficacy, mechanisms, and clinical implications of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive review of clinical trials, real-world studies, and preclinical research.</p><p><strong>Main content: </strong>This review summarizes the latest clinical and preclinical evidence on targeted therapies for brain metastasis in HER2-positive breast cancer. Key therapies, including trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) and tucatinib, are discussed, with a focus on their mechanisms, efficacy, and ability to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Clinical trials such as HER2CLIMB and DESTINY-Breast03, as well as real-world studies, are highlighted to demonstrate the superior intracranial response rates and survival benefits of these therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ADCs and TKIs represent a paradigm shift in the management of brain metastases, offering new hope for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. Future research should focus on optimizing combination therapies, exploring novel biomarkers, and addressing resistance mechanisms to further improve outcomes. This review underscores the importance of continued innovation in targeted therapies for brain metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"423-432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naples Prognostic Score (NPS) as a Novel Prognostic Score for Stage III Breast Cancer Patients: A Real-World Retrospective Study.","authors":"Yongmin Miao, Rui Yang, Bo Zhang, Jun Yang, Liang Yao, Wanfu Wang, Xiaoqing Liu, Xiangyang Guo, Hongyan Jia","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S519742","DOIUrl":"10.2147/BCTT.S519742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore whether Naples prognostic score (NPS) serves as a novel and original prognostic tool for predicting long-term survival in stage III breast cancer patients undergoing operation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 306 cases of stage III breast cancer patients hospitalized in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2018. In this study, NPS was based on five objective markers: (1) serum albumin level; (2) total cholesterol; (3) neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; (4) lymphocyte to monocyte ratio. Survival curves of DFS and OS differences were visualized by Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank test. The variables with p < 0.05 in univariate analysis were performed in the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analysis, and the p-values < 0.05 was considered the underlying independent variables. Nomogram was constructed by the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant variations for DFS and OS categorized according to prognostic risk for the different NPS (DFS: χ²=24.926, P < 0.0001; OS: χ²=31.207, P < 0.0001). According to multivariable Cox analysis, NPS was an independent prognostic factor of DFS [Group 0 had significantly better prognosis than group 1 (HR = 2.733, 95% CI: 1.446-5.166, P = 0.002) and group 2 (HR = 4.990, 95% CI: 2.555-9.746), P < 0.001)] and OS [Group 0 had significantly better prognosis than group 1 (HR = 2.437, 95% CI: 1.288-4.610, P = 0.006) and group 2 (HR = 5.707, 95% CI: 2.900-11.231), P < 0.001)], respectively. Nomogram prognostic model exhibited excellent predictive performance on DFS [C-index: 0.692 (95% CI: 0.584-0.782)] and OS [C-index: 0.711 (95% CI: 0.606-0.797)] for stage III breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NPS serves as a predictive tool for assessing the prognosis of stage III breast cancer after surgery. Nomogram prognostic model based on NPS show good prediction ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"403-421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Chaihu-Danggui Tang in Breast Cancer Treatment Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Validation.","authors":"Yusheng Liu, Junfeng Zhang, Yigui Lai, Chunying Wu, Dongsheng Liu, Rongyao Liang, Gang Chen, Xuefeng Jiang","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S510274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S510274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chaihu-Danggui Tang (CHDGT) has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as an adjuvant therapy for breast cancer (BC), but its precise anti-tumor mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we used network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation methods to investigate the core components, key targets, and possible mechanisms through which CHDGT may exert therapeutic effects in BC treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) was employed to obtain the active ingredient and targets of CHDGT. Meanwhile, the GeneCards databases were used to retrieve pertinent targets for BC. The Venn plot was used to obtain intersection targets. Cytoscape software was used to construct an \"CHDGT-active ingredients-targets\" network and identify core targets. The common targets after STRING processing were imported into the Metascape database for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Molecular docking of key ingredients and core targets of drugs was accomplished using Autodock and PyMol software. The cell and animal experiments confirmed CHDGT efficacy and mechanism in treating BC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We screened 5 key effector components, 8 core targets, and multiple signaling pathways of CHDGT in treating BC. In vitro, the results of CCK-8 assay showed that CHDGT can dose-dependently inhibits BC cell growth, and at 100 mg L^-1 after 48 hours, the cell inhibition rate reached approximately 50%. Further analysis showed that CHDGT can promote apoptosis of BC cell, and regulate the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes, such as Caspase3, p53, and Bcl-2. The animal experiments verified that CHDGT can significantly inhibit the progression of BC, the tumor inhibition rate of CHDGT-H groups was as high as 60.06 ± 4.82%. In addition, H&E staining and blood biochemical analysis suggest that CHDGT exhibits favorable safety.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study may provide perspectives for the development of anticancer Chinese herbs for the treatment of BC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"385-401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Mobile versus Stationary Mammography Units: Performance and Outcomes in a Breast Cancer Screening Program.","authors":"Daniele Ugo Tari, Davide Raffaele De Lucia, Rosalinda Santonastaso, Marika Santarsiere, Amedeo Blasotti","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S516918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S516918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Breast cancer screening programs often encounter challenges related to high costs and limited accessibility, particularly in rural areas. Mobile mammography units (MMUs) have emerged as a potential solution to address these barriers. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of mammography screenings conducted in fixed units and MMUs, focusing on recall rates, follow-up adherence, and screen-detected breast cancer (BC) rates.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed data from 790 women aged 50-69 years who underwent mammography screening between January and February 2023. Participants were divided into two groups: group A (525 women, screened at fixed units) and group B (265 women, screened at MMUs). Key metrics included recall rates, biopsy rates, screen-detected BC rates, and refusal rates for follow-up evaluations. Statistical comparisons were made between the two groups to assess differences in outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In group A (mean age 58.8 ± 5.7 years), the recall rate was 6.1%, with 32 recalls, 8 biopsies, and 7 confirmed BC cases, yielding a screen-detected BC rate of 1.33%. In group B (mean age 59.6 ± 5.8 years), the recall rate was higher at 10.6%, with 28 recalls, 5 biopsies, and 3 BC cases, resulting in a screen-detected BC rate of 1.13%. Notably, refusal rates for follow-up evaluations were significantly higher in group B (42.9%) compared to group A (9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While MMUs improve accessibility to underserved areas, they face challenges such as higher refusal rates for follow-up evaluations. The comparable screen-detected BC rates between MMUs and fixed units underscore the potential of combining both approaches in breast cancer screening programs. These findings highlight the importance of awareness campaigns to improve follow-up adherence and suggest that future research should focus on cost-effectiveness and sociocultural factors to optimize breast cancer prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"373-383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune and Metabolic Reprogramming Induced by Paclitaxel, Capecitabine and Eribulin in Breast Cancer: Insights into Therapeutic Targets.","authors":"Hua-Hsin Hsiao, Riya Patel, Pawel Kalinski, Kazuaki Takabe, Marc S Ernstoff, Spencer R Rosario, Shipra Gandhi","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S498070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S498070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chemotherapeutic agents are known to exert anti-tumor effects by not only invoking cytotoxic effects, but also by altering both the immune profile and metabolic milieu. These alterations to both the immune milieu and circulating metabolome may be leveraged for designing rationale drug combinations with immunotherapeutic agents, once chemotherapy fails.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Using publicly available transcriptomic data for breast cancer (BC) patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (GSE162187), we assessed transcriptional alterations that coincide with response to chemotherapy. To further study the metabolic and immune alterations associated with chemotherapeutic resistance, plasma samples from BC patients treated with eribulin, paclitaxel and capecitabine were obtained and assessed via Metabolomics and Luminex, at time of progression as compared to baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transcriptomics analysis revealed enrichment of amino acid and lipid metabolic pathways, as well as immune pathways including B cells, complement cascade and T cells, in patients resistant to chemotherapy. To validate these findings and assess the differences among different chemotherapies, plasma samples were obtained at baseline and disease progression. Increases in IL-18; IL-22, amylin and IL-6 were observed at the time of disease progression on eribulin, capecitabine and paclitaxel, respectively. Metabolically, increases in docosahexaenoic acid and decreases in sphingomyelins; increases in triacylglycerides and decreases in fatty acids, and decreases in glutamic acid, lipids and phosphatidylcholines were observed on disease progression on eribulin, capecitabine and paclitaxel, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distinct patterns of metabolic and immune dysregulation were associated with resistance to eribulin, capecitabine and paclitaxel. Varied immune and metabolic profiles were specific to each of the three chemotherapies, representing potential novel, and individualized, points of therapeutic leverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"359-372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Landscape of PD-L1 Expression and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Subtypes in Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Brazil.","authors":"Alexssandra Lima Siqueira Dos Santos, Jesse Lopes Da Silva, Lucas Zanetti De Albuquerque, Antônio Lucas Araújo Neto, Cecília Ferreira Da Silva, Luana Aguiar Mesquita Cerva, Isabele Avila Small, Fabiana Resende Rodrigues, Fabiane Carvalho De Macedo, Cicera Pimenta Marcelino, Paula de Mendonça Batista, Maria Aparecida do Carmo Rego, Maria Amélia Carlos Souto Maior Borba, Andreia Cristina De Melo","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S499373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S499373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the frequency and prognostic significance of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) subtypes in advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A database search was conducted to identify women with previously untreated locally recurrent inoperable or metastatic TNBC treated between January 2018 and December 2022. The inclusion criteria required formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples aged less than four years. PD-L1 expression was evaluated using the PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay, and the combined positive score (CPS) was calculated. TIL subtypes were assessed using immunohistochemical staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 150 patients, with a median age of 51.5 years. The majority of patients were younger than 65 years, postmenopausal, non-white, and had metastatic TNBC. CPS≥10 was observed in 20.9% of cases, mainly in postmenopausal women. No significant differences were found in demographic characteristics and clinicopathological variables across PD-L1 subgroups. Tumors with PD-L1 CPS≥10 had higher expression of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ TIL subtypes. Most patients received first-line chemotherapy, with smaller proportions undergoing second, third, and fourth-line treatments. No statistically significant differences were observed in median progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) across PD-L1 subgroups in this cohort of chemotherapy-treated patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides insights into the expression profiles of PD-L1 and TIL subtypes in advanced TNBC. The PD-L1 CPS status did not significantly affect survival outcomes, but variations in TIL subtype composition were observed based on PD-L1 CPS status.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"349-358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Status of Breast Cancer Immunotherapy and Prognosis-Related Markers.","authors":"Yirong Xu, Bingchen Zhang, Hongyuan Wu, Yifen Wu","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S506949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S506949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer, being the most common type of cancer globally, stands out as the primary malignant tumor affecting females. With the advent of breast cancer immunotherapy, inhibitors targeting immune checkpoints such as anti-PD-1 (Programmed cell death protein 1) / PD-L1 (Programmed cell death-Ligand 1) and CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-4) have demonstrated promising outcomes for breast cancer patients across all molecular subtypes, particularly those with advanced breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Our current focus lies in accurately predicting the prognosis of breast cancer patients and the effectiveness of immunotherapy. This article provides a review of emerging biomarkers for breast cancer, encompassing immune-related markers, metabolic indicators, and potential prognosis-related markers. The primary emphasis of the article is to review immune-related tumor biomarkers in breast cancer. Our goal is to summarize relevant studies capable of forecasting breast cancer prognosis and immunotherapy effectiveness. Lastly, we delve into the future directions of breast cancer immunotherapy development.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"339-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}