Brain injury最新文献

{"title":"Patients' perspectives on causal relations among consequences of acquired brain injury in a neuropsychiatric population: a proof-of-concept network analysis.","authors":"Karen de Waele, Brenda van den Broek, Caroline M van Heugten, Boudewijn A A Bus, Sophie J M Rijnen","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2647400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2026.2647400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore perceived causal relations (PCRs) between aspects of mental functioning in individuals with ABI receiving care at a specialized neuropsychiatric facility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fourteen individuals with ABI rated perceived causality between seven aspects of mental functioning (as outlined in the Brief International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for Traumatic Brain Injury and for Neurological Conditions for Post-Acute Care) during a guided interview. A visual network of PCRs was constructed based on these ratings, and centrality measures were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network analysis revealed strong PCRs among difficulties in energy and drive functions, emotional, and attention functions. Difficulties in energy and drive, as well as emotional functions, were perceived as central to the network, having the most pronounced influence on other aspects of mental functioning. In contrast, difficulties with attention functions were primarily perceived as caused by difficulties in other aspects of functioning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirms proof-of-concept for the application of PCR methodology in individuals with ABI. Employing a network approach grounded in patients' self-reported perceptions to explore interconnections between consequences of ABI, provides unique insights into the lived experience of ABI. The findings suggest that addressing fatigue and emotional regulation may positively influence other symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147580475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dutch La Trobe communication questionnaire (LCQ): cognitive pretesting and evaluation of content validity.","authors":"Carmen Verhoeks, Marielle Reijbroek, Brenda van den Broek, Boudewijn Bus, Indira Tendolkar, Jacinta Douglas, Sophie Rijnen","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2647410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2026.2647410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive-communication disorders (CCDs) are common after acquired brain injury (ABI) and may adversely impact on different aspects of an individual's life. The La Trobe Communication Questionnaire (LCQ) is developed to measure perceived communicative ability after ABI from different perspectives. To date, no Dutch version of the LCQ is available.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To cognitively pretest the Dutch LCQ and to evaluate content validity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The Dutch LCQ was pretested in a sample of 7 individuals with brain injury and 7 close-others using cognitive interviews. We obtained feedback on comprehensibility, comprehensiveness and relevance of the LCQ to evaluate content validity. In addition, participants were asked to rate the relevance of each item of the LCQ on a 5-point rating scale for the construct (i.e. CCDs), the target population (i.e. individuals with ABI), and the context of use (i.e. assessment of CCDs in individuals with ABI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjustments were made to 10 questions to improve comprehensibility. All respondents declared that they did not miss key concepts of CCDs in the questionnaire. Mean relevance scores as assigned to the individual items of the LCQ by the respondents were all ≥ 3,5, which means that, according to individuals with brain injury and close-others, all items are relevant for the construct, the target population, and the context of use.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study is a step toward improving the identification and management of CCDs in the Netherlands. In addition, the results of this study provide evidence for the content validity of the LCQ.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147572404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When head trauma/brain injury is no longer an accident.","authors":"Alexis Demas, Emmanuel Orhant","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2648718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2026.2648718","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between activities of daily living independence and observational attention ratings in patients with acute stroke.","authors":"Takayuki Miyauchi, Shotaro Sasaki, Yudai Honda, Katsuya Sakai, Rumi Tanemura","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2642252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2026.2642252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>As neuropsychological tests insufficiently reflect impairments in activities of daily living (ADL), behavioral observation using Moss Attention Rating Scale (MARS) is necessary. Although MARS scores are associated with ADL independence, their longitudinal relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether changes in MARS scores over time are associated with ADL independence in patients with mild-to-moderate acute stroke who could undergo neuropsychological tests.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center, prospective longitudinal cohort study included 60 patients (median age: 73.5 years) hospitalized for acute stroke for ≥14 days. The median interval from stroke onset to initial evaluation was 3 days. The primary outcome was ADL independence, measured using the Barthel Index (BI) at 2 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple regression analysis identified MARS as a significant predictor of BI at 2 weeks. Neuropsychological tests revealed floor effects, whereas MARS did not. Receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated strong discriminative ability of MARS for predicting BI ≥ 60 (area under the curve: 0.96 [baseline], 0.93 [1 week]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MARS is more effective than conventional neuropsychological tests for assessing attention-related ADL independence, particularly in early stroke rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>UMIN000055922.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protective effects of melatonin postconditioning in cerebral ischemia may be mediated through the modulation of FUNDC1 and Bnip3 levels.","authors":"Gulnur Aslan, Ozgur Bulmus, Mehmet Tuzcu, Ebru Gokdere, Kezban Can Sahna, Kazim Sahin, Engin Sahna","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2638954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2026.2638954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics - as one of the endogenous defense mechanisms against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury - has been considered promising. This study aimed to determine which mitophagy-related signaling pathways (parkin, Bnip3, or FUNDC1) mediate the protective effects of postconditioning (PostC) and melatonin, both of which enhance the intrinsic defense capacity of cerebral tissue. In addition, microRNA-137 and microRNA-145, as well as serum asprosin, a novel glucogenic adipokine, levels were analyzed in cerebral IR injury.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Rats were divided into four groups: control (sham), IR, IR+PostC and IR+Mel(n:10). After 90 minutes of occlusion, PostC was performed at the onset of reperfusion in three cycles of 30-sec reperfusion, followed by 10-sec ischemia. Results: All parameters involved in mitophagy pathways increased with IR in cerebral cortex, and serum asprosin level decreased. Parkin and PINK1 levels did not change due to the treatments, while the FUNDC1 and Bnip3 levels decreased and serum asprosin levels increased significantly compared to IR. MicroRNA-137 and microRNA-145 decreased, although treatment partially restored the levels of these microRNAs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased expressions of parkin/PINK1, FUNDC1 and Bnip3 may suggest that all mitophagy pathways are activated by cerebral IR. Melatonin PostC may protect the cerebral tissue by inhibiting BNİP3- and FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147363887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing APACHE II score for early detection of deterioration in neurosurgery ICU: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Suhaimi Fauzan, Dikki Saputra, Muhammad Ibnu Kahtan, Costan Tryono Parulian Rumapea","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2640593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2026.2640593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the use of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score as a proactive clinical tool to enhance Quality of Care (QoC), providing empirical evidence for critical nursing practice in detecting patient deterioration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study analyzed 76 neurosurgery ICU patients at a tertiary referral hospital. The first 24-hour APACHE II score was calculated to determine its association with clinical deterioration within the first 48 hours. An APACHE II score of ≥16 was established as the cutoff point to stratify patients into high-risk and low-risk groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The APACHE II score demonstrated strong prognostic accuracy in predicting mortality (AUC 0.779, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, a high-risk APACHE II score (≥16) was significantly associated with the incidence of early clinical deterioration within the first 48 hours (27.3% vs. 4.7%; <i>p</i> = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides empirical validation of APACHE II in this neurosurgery cohort, demonstrating good prognostic accuracy. The significant association established between high initial scores and early clinical deterioration suggests its potential utility as an objective trigger for enhanced monitoring. These findings support a shift toward using the score proactively, although validation in larger multi-center cohorts is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whiteout sign on dSIR MRI: A case series highlighting symptom-associated white matter changes not observed on standard T₂-FLAIR.","authors":"Joshua P McGeown, Gil Newburn, Paul Condron, Samantha J Holdsworth, Tracy R Melzer, Miriam Scadeng, Eryn E Kwon, Daniel M Cornfeld, Graeme M Bydder","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2637171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2026.2637171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is common, and up to half of patients experience persistent symptoms, but conventional neuroimaging typically appears normal. Divided Subtracted Inversion Recovery (dSIR) is a new sequence with high sensitivity to white matter changes that may appear normal on standard imaging.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present a case series of three adolescent males with acute mTBI scanned with both T₂-FLAIR and dSIR. In all cases, T₂-FLAIR images were normal. In two symptomatic cases, dSIR demonstrated a 'whiteout sign,' with bilateral, symmetrical high signal in cerebral and cerebellar white matter. In one case, the whiteout sign was present at 21 hours post-injury and had largely resolved by 64 hours. The third patient showed no abnormality on dSIR, consistent with their asymptomatic clinical presentation. Across all three cases, dSIR findings corresponded to clinical symptom status at the time of scanning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These early observations suggest dSIR may provide a useful imaging marker of secondary brain responses to injury. Further studies are needed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and clinical value of dSIR in the assessment of mTBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental considerations in hydrocephalus after traumatic brain injury in children: a narrative review.","authors":"Olubunmi A Fariyike, Laura S Blackwell, Paolo Frassanito, Rafael T Holmgren, Amit Chakrabarty, Lucio De Maria, Virenda Deo Sinha, Jai Trivedi, Garlynd Johnson, Deepak K Gupta, Emma C Walson, Nina Fainberg, Maria Muhammad, Leslie Velasquez, Myer Khan, Saya P Brahma, Bethany Chern, Anna V Baer, Jacob R Lepard, Youssef M Zohdy, Nealen Laxpati, Meena S Verma, Mahwish Javed, Laura Lippa, Opara Oluwamayowa, Dong Van He, Amos O Adeleye, Lynne Lourdes N Lucena, Insa Katrin Janssen, P David Adelson, Elham Rostami, Corrado Iaccarino, Andrew Reisner","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2636707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2026.2636707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Posttraumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) is an uncommon but serious complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although extensively studied in adults, important developmental differences in the pediatric central nervous system contribute to differing PTH pathophysiology, with important differences in diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review synthesizes current evidence regarding pediatric PTH, with specific attention to the influence of pediatric developmental pathophysiology on disease susceptibility, diagnosis, and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Key takeaways: </strong>Pediatric-specific data on PTH remain limited; however, recent studies suggest that younger age - particularly under five years at injury - as well as injury severity are the two strongest predictors of PTH development. Clinically, PTH may present acutely with neurological deterioration or chronically with delayed recovery and neurodevelopmental regression. Early recognition is critical, as untreated PTH can lead to lifelong neurological dysfunction and even death, yet diagnosis is often delayed by symptom overlap with other posttraumatic conditions and difficulties in distinguishing true hydrocephalus from ventriculomegaly. Management is primarily surgical and centers on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion, most commonly with external ventricular drainage (EVD) in the acute phase and permanent shunting or ventriculostomy in select cases. Despite timely intervention, long-term morbidity remains substantial, underscoring the importance of prevention, early detection, and multidisciplinary follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence, microbiology, and clinical impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia in traumatic brain injury: a single-center retrospective study.","authors":"Suleyman Kilinc, Mustafa Said Aydogan, Mehmet Duran, Cem Seyho Yucetas","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2638955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2026.2638955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a frequent complication in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) requiring mechanical ventilation. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, microbiological characteristics, and clinical impact of VAP in mechanically ventilated patients with TBI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During the 5-year study period, 565 patients with traumatic brain injury were screened; 340 met inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis, divided into VAP (<i>n</i> = 170) and non-VAP (<i>n</i> = 170) groups. This retrospective observational study included adult patients with TBI who required invasive mechanical ventilation for ≥48 hours between January 2020 and December 2024. Patients with pneumonia at admission were excluded. VAP was diagnosed according to international guideline criteria using clinical, radiological, and microbiological findings. Demographic data, injury severity, microbiological results, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Independent predictors of VAP and mortality were assessed using multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 340 mechanically ventilated patients with TBI, 170 (50%) developed VAP, with a median onset of 5 days. Gram-negative pathogens predominated, mainly Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with multidrug-resistant organisms accounting for 61% of isolates. VAP was associated with longer mechanical ventilation, prolonged intensive care unit stay, and higher mortality. Lower admission Glasgow Coma Scale scores, prolonged sedation exposure, and longer ventilation duration were independently associated with VAP. VAP remained an independent predictor of mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VAP is highly prevalent in mechanically ventilated patients with TBI and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, underscoring the importance of effective prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147343385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"I want nothing to do with hospitals anymore\": challenges, met and unmet needs of people experiencing homelessness with acquired brain injury.","authors":"W Jubinville, L Roy, R Ducharme, V Wagner, G Thibault, M-E Lamontagne, C Bottari","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2621163","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2621163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>People experiencing homelessness have a high prevalence of mental and physical health problems, including acquired brain injury (ABI), which leads to complex health and social needs. The literature highlights the challenging and often stigmatizing experiences people in situations of homelessness have within the various services involved in their care. This study aimed to identify the challenges, as well as the met and unmet needs, of people experiencing homelessness and ABI in their daily lives and across the services involved in their trajectories, both in community and institutional settings.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A qualitative study involving 26 semi-structured interviews with people with a history of both homelessness and ABI was conducted. Data were analyzed using Paillé and Mucchielli's method of thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants reported 1) intersecting health and social challenges and needs related to ABI and comorbid conditions influence residential pathways, recovery, and service use; 2) fragmented and often inadequate service responses to complex and intersecting needs and challenges and 3) nonuse of health care services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the complex and diverse needs of people experiencing homelessness with an ABI, and emphasizes the urgent need for a coordinated, integrated approach to improve their experiences with services.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"392-404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}