Brain injuryPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2026.2622566
Anchal Thakur, Sayani Das
{"title":"Letter to editor: Peer attitudes after adolescent acquired brain injury: moving from intention to real-world inclusion.","authors":"Anchal Thakur, Sayani Das","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2622566","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2622566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescent acquired brain injury (ABI) often results in long-term social challenges, with peer acceptance playing a crucial role in psychosocial outcomes. Hills and Dunsmuir's study highlights how attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control influence adolescents' intentions to engage with peers with ABI, explaining 83% of the variance. Notably, perceived behavioral control was the strongest predictor, indicating that even positive attitudes may not translate into inclusion if engagement is perceived as difficult. Externalizing behaviors further reduce the likelihood of peer acceptance. These findings underscore the need for peer-focused interventions, such as structured mentoring, cooperative learning, and social skills programs, to enhance practical inclusion strategies in educational settings. Clinicians and educators should move beyond awareness-raising toward targeted approaches that make social participation with peers following ABI achievable and sustainable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"429-430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146084102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-10-27DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2025.2580264
Emre Nuri Igde, Bekir Dincer, Ahmet Yunus Tosun, Fatma Tugba Erkman, Dogus Ozdemir Kara
{"title":"Autopsy case report of delayed intracranial hemorrhage following mild head trauma: clinical and legal perspectives.","authors":"Emre Nuri Igde, Bekir Dincer, Ahmet Yunus Tosun, Fatma Tugba Erkman, Dogus Ozdemir Kara","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2580264","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2580264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delayed intracranial hemorrhage (DICH) is a rare type of traumatic brain injury, described as the delayed presentation of hemorrhage on computed tomography or at autopsy several hours to weeks after traumatic events, despite a normal finding at the initial neuroimaging. It generally has a good prognosis, and operative management is seldom required.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We present the case of a 66-year-old male who died due to intracranial hemorrhage nearly two days after a traffic accident. According to the medical records, he was on anticoagulant therapy, and his wife reported that he had experienced nausea 24 hours after discharge. At autopsy, a left-sided subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and contralateral hemorrhage in the pons were observed macroscopically, while diffuse axonal injury in the pontine parenchyma was identified microscopically. The cause of death was determined to be traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, and a causality was established between the traumatic incident and the fatal outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case report emphasizes that accurate causal evaluation of the condition requires recognizing its etiology, clinical manifestation, and risk factors, while underscoring the need for effective clinical strategies focused on patient and family education regarding warning symptoms and timely emergency presentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"128-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145375939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-09-25DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2025.2565640
Deborah L Snell, Ana Mikolić, Josh W Faulkner, Alice Theadom, Noah D Silverberg
{"title":"Comparative predictive validity of a psychological risk screening tool in adults after mild traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Deborah L Snell, Ana Mikolić, Josh W Faulkner, Alice Theadom, Noah D Silverberg","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2565640","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2565640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the comparative predictive validity of the Subgroups for Targeted Treatment modified for concussion (STarT-C) with full-length psychological measures (legacy questionnaires) in adults, six months after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Participants (<i>n</i> = 107) were recruited from outpatient concussion services in New Zealand and assessed on average 6 weeks (Time 1) and 6 months after mTBI (Time 2). The primary outcome was post-concussion symptoms at Time 2 measured with the Rivermead Post-concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ). Comparative predictive validity was determined by comparing the STarT-C at Time 1 with full-length legacy questionnaires that measured STarT-C constructs (distress, depression, fear avoidance, recovery expectations, catastrophizing) at Time 1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The STarT-C total score and psychosocial sub-score showed significant correlations with all psychological legacy questionnaires at Time 1 (<i>r</i> = ~0.3 to ~ 0.7). The STarT-C showed similar additional predictive value on symptoms at Time 2, as all legacy psychological questionnaires together (delta R<sup>2</sup> = 8% vs. delta R<sup>2</sup> = 8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The STarT-C showed comparable prognostic value for post-concussion symptom outcomes with a battery of psychological questionnaires. Further research should consider if stratified risk using STarT-C high, medium, and low sub-categories improves targeted treatment referral decision making by clinicians and mTBI outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-18DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2025.2584422
Jiazhen Xie
{"title":"Impact of dual antiplatelet therapy within 72 hours post mild ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: meta-analysis.","authors":"Jiazhen Xie","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2584422","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2584422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) initiated within 72 hours after ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) using network meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Randomized controlled trials from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov (to September 30, 2024) were analyzed with R ('gemtc') and STATA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve RCTs (50,975 patients) compared six regimens: aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor, aspirin+clopidogrel, aspirin+ticagrelor, and aspirin+dipyridamole. DAPT with aspirin+clopidogrel or aspirin+ticagrelor significantly reduced recurrent stroke versus aspirin. Aspirin+dipyridamole had the highest SUCRA value, suggesting a favorable efficacy - safety balance. In patients treated within 24 hours, recurrence rates were similar across regimens.Notably, aspirin plus ticagrelor showed higher odds of major bleeding versus aspirin (OR = 4.50, 95% CI: 0.07-369.2), but the extremely wide confidence interval indicates substantial uncertainty.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DAPT offers superior efficacy over aspirin alone in preventing recurrent stroke, particularly when initiated within 72 hours of symptom onset. However, the evidence regarding bleeding risk with aspirin and ticagrelor remains highly uncertain, as the estimates are imprecise with extremely wide confidence intervals, and no definitive conclusions can be drawn. Aspirin plus dipyridamole may be a safer, equally effective alternative, underscoring the need for individualized treatment based on thrombotic and hemorrhagic risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"98-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145538913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2026.2617450
Géraldine Martens, Aurore Thibaut, Louis de Beaumont, Charlotte Beaudart, Colin Bodet, Axel Urhausen, Philippe M Tscholl, Thomas Romeas, Sébastien Le Garrec, Didier Hannouche, Romain Seil, Jean-François Kaux, Suzanne Leclerc
{"title":"Differences in symptom duration and return to sport following sport-related concussion between French-speaking Canadian and European athletes.","authors":"Géraldine Martens, Aurore Thibaut, Louis de Beaumont, Charlotte Beaudart, Colin Bodet, Axel Urhausen, Philippe M Tscholl, Thomas Romeas, Sébastien Le Garrec, Didier Hannouche, Romain Seil, Jean-François Kaux, Suzanne Leclerc","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2617450","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2617450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine self-reported sport-related concussion (SRC) symptom duration and return to sport (RTS) timelines across countries and sport demographics in a large international cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymous survey collected sociodemographic data and concussion history from French-speaking athletes affiliated with the ReFORM IOC Research Center. SRC symptoms and RTS durations were analyzed by geographic origin (Canada, Europe) and a multivariate analysis examined the combined impact of geographic origin, sex, age group (minor, adult), professional status (amateur, professional) and SRC risk (low, moderate, high).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 998 participants (Canada: 635; Europe: 363), 409 (41%) reported a history of SRC. Median [IQR] symptom duration was longer in Canada (30 [14, 91] days) than Europe (7 [2, 21] days; <i>p</i> < 0.001). RTS was also longer in Canada (28 [14, 61] vs. 10 [7, 21] days; <i>p</i> < 0.001).The binary logistic regression identified geographic origin (Canada) and sex (female) as significant predictors of prolonged symptom duration (i.e. >14 days) and return to sport (i.e. >20 days), while age group, professional status and SRC risk did not significantly influence these durations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SRC recovery times differ significantly by geography and sex in French-speaking athletes. European athletes and males report shorter symptom and RTS durations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"288-295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-05-19DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2026.2675400
Osman Karaca, Ayşe Nur Tekin
{"title":"Home-based action observation training improves walking performance, balance, and lower limb motor function in chronic stroke: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Osman Karaca, Ayşe Nur Tekin","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2675400","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2026.2675400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stroke often impairs gait, balance, and motor functions. Action Observation Training (AOT), activating the mirror neuron system via goal-directed movement observation, may enhance motor recovery.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated the effects of an individualized home-based AOT (HB-AOT) program, combined with conventional physiotherapy, on walking, balance, and lower limb motor function in individuals with chronic stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty individuals with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to HB-AOT or control groups. Both received conventional physiotherapy, while the HB-AOT group additionally performed individualized HB-AOT sessions three times weekly for eight weeks. Walking performance, balance, and lower limb motor function were assessed using the 2-Minute Walk Test, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Fugl-Meyer Assessment - Lower Extremity (FMA-LE). Gait speed was derived from the 2-Minute Walk Test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed significant post-intervention improvements in gait speed, BBS, and FMA-LE scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The HB-AOT group achieved significantly greater gains in gait speed, BBS, and FMA-LE scores compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Incorporating individualized HB-AOT with conventional therapy may enhance walking performance, balance, and lower limb motor recovery in chronic stroke, supporting its use as a complementary rehabilitation approach.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06501014.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"802-809"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147970445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2025.2583339
Gary A James, Jessica P Conklin, Nicole A Thompson, Timothy L Riggins, Angela Tang, Brick Johnstone
{"title":"Reducing racial bias in neuropsychological rehabilitation.","authors":"Gary A James, Jessica P Conklin, Nicole A Thompson, Timothy L Riggins, Angela Tang, Brick Johnstone","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2583339","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2583339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Research has consistently demonstrated race-based differences in indices of absolute level of functioning (e.g. above average, average, below average) on neuropsychological tests primarily due to cultural bias, with suggestions that it is more difficult to identify relative degree of decline from estimated premorbid level of functioning for racial minority groups.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>To test this hypothesis, the current study calculated and compared indices of absolute level of functioning and indices of relative decline for a sample of 239 individuals (69 Black, 170 White) with heterogeneous neurological disorders at a rehabilitation center.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As hypothesized, between-group comparisons indicated: individuals identifying as Black scored significantly lower on 9 of 10 neuropsychological measures of absolute level of functioning; but both groups did not significantly differ statistically on relative decline scores for all neuropsychological tests, regardless of race.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results suggest that indices of relative decline, based on comparisons of individual neuropsychological test scores to estimates of premorbid functioning, provide an equitable method to calculate the degree to which individuals identifying as both Black and White experience neuropsychological impairment. However, issues of cultural bias remain in the use of indices of absolute level of functioning. Rehabilitation and research implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"89-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145443911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-09-24DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2025.2565632
Alexander Wiegman, Mathew Wingerson, Katherine Smulligan, Joshua Kniss, Catherine Donahue, Julie Wilson, David Howell
{"title":"Clinical predictors of post-concussion kinesiophobia severity among adolescents.","authors":"Alexander Wiegman, Mathew Wingerson, Katherine Smulligan, Joshua Kniss, Catherine Donahue, Julie Wilson, David Howell","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2565632","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2565632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kinesiophobia is a common post-concussion comorbidity. Identifying factors associated with post-concussion kinesiophobia may be clinically useful to guide effective treatment plans.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify patient-level factors associated with kinesiophobia among adolescents after concussion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-six participants (age = 15.3, SD = 1.8 years; 59% female) were evaluated at two visits: Visit 1 (mean = 9.9, SD = 4.3 days post-concussion) and Visit 2 (mean = 43.9, SD = 15.9 days post-concussion). They completed the Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory (PCSI) and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-17) questionnaires. In addition, we collected age, sex, concussion history, and musculoskeletal injury history variables to include as covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At Visit 1, higher PCSI ratings were significantly associated with higher TSK ratings (β = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.13, <i>p</i> = 0.006). Higher TSK ratings at Visit 1 were significantly associated with higher TSK ratings at Visit 2 (β = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.41, 0.89, <i>p</i> < 0.001). History of musculoskeletal injury was significantly associated with lower TSK ratings at Visit 2 (β = -2.86, 95% CI = -5.53, -0.20, <i>p</i> = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed an association between post-concussion kinesiophobia with symptom severity initially post-injury and previous musculoskeletal injury at later stages of recovery. Clinicians may consider the time since injury, overlap with concussion symptoms, and past injury history to help contextualize pathways to reduce post-concussion kinesiophobia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2025.2606044
Jessica Blake, Guy Peryer, Sheryl Parke, Morag Farquhar
{"title":"Healthcare professional experiences of family expectations in inpatient neurorehabilitation.","authors":"Jessica Blake, Guy Peryer, Sheryl Parke, Morag Farquhar","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2606044","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2606044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Families of individuals who require inpatient neurorehabilitation following brain injury often have expectations of recovery that differ from treating healthcare professionals. This can hinder collaboration and create tension. This study aimed to explore healthcare professionals' experiences of family expectations and identify ways to improve practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals at a Level 1 neurorehabilitation unit in England. This National Health Service unit is commissioned to see patients with highly complex needs following a brain injury. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen healthcare professionals from a range of disciplines participated, with physiotherapists most highly represented (<i>n</i> = 5). Analysis generated three key themes: 'the promise of rehabilitation,' 'confidence with complexity,' and 'developing mutual understanding.' Participants described differing expectations as a common and emotionally demanding aspect of their work, often complicated by prognostic uncertainty. Healthcare professionals recognized hope as a valid and often protective response to a life-altering brain injury.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Improved mutual understanding may require a multi-component intervention to aid communication pre-admission, identify family support needs, support patients requiring disability management, provide emotional support to HCPs, and to address uncertainty. It is critical to first deepen understanding of family and patient perspectives on this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"180-187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2025.2596227
Slavko Budinski, Dragan Nikolić, Janko Pasternak, Sanja Stojanović, Vladimir Manojlović, Nikola Batinić, Katarina Petrović
{"title":"Cerebral oximetry and predictors of diffusion-weighted lesions after carotid endarterectomy and stenting.","authors":"Slavko Budinski, Dragan Nikolić, Janko Pasternak, Sanja Stojanović, Vladimir Manojlović, Nikola Batinić, Katarina Petrović","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2596227","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2025.2596227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>New ischemic brain lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) occur frequently after carotid revascularization, yet their predictors and clinical significance remain incompletely characterized. This study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, and prognostic implications of diffusion-weighted imaging lesions (DWILs) following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS), with particular emphasis on cerebral oximetry monitoring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, single-center cohort study enrolled 195 consecutive patients undergoing carotid revascularization between 2018 and 2021. All patients underwent pre- and post-procedural DW-MRI within 24 hours. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation was continuously monitored using INVOS™ cerebral oximetry. The primary outcome was new DWIL incidence. Secondary outcomes included 30-day stroke/death and 36-month mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DWILs occurred in 68 patients, with higher incidence after CAS than CEA. Independent predictors included symptomatic stenosis, diabetes mellitus, intraprocedural hypotension, unstable plaque morphology, and INVOS desaturation >20%. The 30-day stroke/death rate was 2.1% with no difference between procedures. At 36 months, patients with DWILs showed a trend toward higher mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DWILs occur in one-third of carotid revascularization patients, more frequently after CAS. Cerebral oxygen desaturation >20% represents a potentially modifiable risk factor. While predominantly asymptomatic acutely, DWILs associate with long-term mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"148-164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145707246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}