Bone & Joint Research最新文献

{"title":"An immunoregenerative approach to mitigate post-traumatic osteoarthritis after intra-articular fracture.","authors":"Michael S Valerio, Jorge B Edwards, Andrew R Clark, Jessica M Motherwell, Benjamin K Potter, Christopher L Dearth, Stephen M Goldman","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2024-0223.R3","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2024-0223.R3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to assess the effects of chondrogenic agents kartogenin (KGN) and KA9 in combination with anakinra (ANR), an interleukin (IL) 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RA) on post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) progression following intra-articular fractures (IAF). The hypothesis was that this immunoregenerative approach would promote osteochondral healing and alleviate PTOA more effectively than individual treatments or controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male Lewis rats (n = 78) underwent IAF, followed by weekly intra-articular injection of saline (control), KGN, or KA9 in conjunction with the systemic administration of saline (control) or ANR via osmotic pumps. Inflammatory and osteochondral markers were assessed through serum and synovial fluid analysis, micro-CT (µCT) for bone parameters, contrast-enhanced µCT for cartilage evaluation, histopathological analysis, and immunohistochemistry (IHC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Immunoregenerative treatments did not adversely affect animal wellbeing. While local inflammation markers were minimally affected, some osteochondral remodelling markers indicated that KGN, KA9, and their combination with ANR reduced markers of osteochondral degradation. Bone analysis showed improved trabecular morphometry parameters and reduced bone surface with some treatments, and cartilage composition and thickness improved with treatments, although the effects were inconsistent across groups. Osteoarthritis Research Society International scores revealed location-specific variations in pathology, and IHC staining demonstrated intergroup differences in protein expression at different timepoints.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that KGN and KA9 may offer some protection against PTOA by influencing cartilage and subchondral bone health, and that the combination with ANR shows potential for enhanced effects. However, the results were mixed, with no treatment group consistently demonstrating positive improvements across all outcomes. The complexity of developing a novel immunoregenerative therapy for PTOA is highlighted by the variability in treatment response.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"264-277"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12991849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ergothioneine prevents ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis by suppressing NF-κB/p65 signalling to attenuate osteoclastogenesis and bone marrow inflammation.","authors":"Gan Li, Qihang Fang, Zihao Lin, Chao Zhang, Chuan Gao, Daoyu Zhu, Haoyu Fang, Lingkang Dong, Peng Ding, Youshui Gao","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2025-0316.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2025-0316.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Osteoporosis (OP), an age-related skeletal disorder, is characterized by excessive bone resorption driven by osteoclast overactivation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and chronic inflammation. Although the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant ergothioneine (EGT) has shown potential in regulating bone metabolism, its specific preventive mechanism in oestrogen-deficient osteoporosis remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the preventive effects of EGT and its underlying mechanisms when administered early after ovariectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using an oestrogen-deficient mouse model, EGT was administered immediately after modelling to evaluate its preventive effects against bone loss and microstructural deterioration. In vivo analyses included assessments of bone resorption parameters, B-cell precursor populations, and the bone marrow inflammatory status. Complementary in vitro experiments were conducted to examine the influence of EGT on mitochondrial ROS levels, p65 phosphorylation, NF-κB/NFATc1 signalling pathway activity, and osteoclast differentiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preventive administration of EGT significantly mitigated ovariectomy-induced bone loss and preserved bone microstructure. This was achieved through the suppression of osteoclast activity, modulation of B-cell precursors, and reversal of the pro-inflammatory bone marrow microenvironment. Mechanistically, EGT reduced mitochondrial ROS generation, inhibited p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, and consequently disrupted the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/NFATc1 signalling axis, ultimately inhibiting osteoclastogenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study indicate that ergothioneine has the potential to prevent osteoporosis. It bidirectionally regulates bone homeostasis by targeting the ROS-NF-κB axis, systemically remodelling a protective anti-inflammatory bone marrow microenvironment while directly inhibiting osteoclast activation and differentiation. These results underscore the translational value of EGT as an early preventive strategy for oestrogen-deficient osteoporosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"248-263"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12989257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosing orthopaedic infection by identifying neutrophils in whole histology slide images with machine learning trained on publicly available datasets.","authors":"Kieran Bentick, Hollie Wilkinson, Ali Al Khader, Helen McCarthy, Karina Wright, Theocharis Kyriacou, Adrienne M Flanagan, Paul Cool","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2024-0587.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2024-0587.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study examines the ability of YOLO (You Only Look Once) 11x, a widely used and state of the art object detection model, trained on publicly available datasets, to identify and count neutrophils in tissue samples taken at prosthetic joint revision surgery, with the objective of automating a laborious but necessary part of the diagnostic workup for periprosthetic joint infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three datasets containing blood film microscopic slides with neutrophils were downloaded, combined, and labelled. The resulting dataset of 3,923 images was augmented with ten additional histological slides from periprosthetic tissue, taken at the time of revision surgery (5 infected, 5 sterile), and split into training (70%), validation (20%), and test (10%) sets. The dataset was used to train YOLO 11x object detection model optimized for a mean average precision above 50%. The trained network was tested on a ground truth specimen and histological whole slide images from 19 additional cases, previously unseen by the model, for validation. The threshold for diagnosis of infection on histological sections was set at more than five neutrophils per 0.2 mm² (equivalent to one high-powered microscope field).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model performed well as ground truth image returned precision at 82%, recall (sensitivity) 79%, and F1 harmonic mean 80%. When assessed against formal histopathological, microbiological, and multidisciplinary team (MDT) diagnosis, precision was 78%, 80%, and 90%; recall 78%, 89%, and 82%; and F1 score 78%, 84%, and 86%, respectively. Against the definitive MDT diagnosis, our model identified nine out of the ten infected cases and excluded seven out of nine cases that were not infected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates ability of the trained model to identify neutrophils in tissue taken at revision surgery and could assist in diagnosis of periprosthetic infection. Further work is needed to improve confidence in the identifications and diagnostic accuracy of periprosthetic infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"238-247"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12976939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering and fracture risk : real-world evidence from a target trial emulation study.","authors":"Zeqin Wen, Xiaoxiao Li, Yilun Wang, Yuqing Zhang, Junqing Xie, Houchen Lyu, Changjun Li, Jie Wei, Guanghua Lei, Chao Zeng","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2025-0239.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2025-0239.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>High serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels are associated with increased risk of fracture; however, it remains unclear whether lowering LDL-C reduces fracture risk, and, if so, whether the magnitude of LDL-C reduction is linearly associated with fracture risk. This study aimed to evaluate the relation between the degree of LDL-C reduction and fracture risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based cohort study included individuals aged 40 to 90 years who initiated statins for hyperlipidaemia from IQVIA Medical Research Data primary care database in the UK (2000 to 2022). The primary outcome was hip fracture. Secondary outcomes included composite fracture and major osteoporotic fracture. A hypothetical target trial was emulated to assess the effect of achieving a LDL-C level of 1.8 to 2.6 mmol/L or < 1.8 mmol/L versus > 2.6 mmol/L induced by statin initiation within one year on the risk of incident and recurrent fractures over five years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 165,242 people with hyperlipidaemia initiating statins (mean age 62.6 years, 51.1% female), the five-year risk of incident hip fracture was lower in the 1.8 to 2.6 mmol/L arm (0.53%) and in the < 1.8 mmol/L arm (0.52%) than the > 2.6 mmol/L LDL-C arm (0.65%). The corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) were 0.77 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.91) and 0.68 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.86), respectively. A similar decreased risk of recurrent hip fracture was observed for the 1.8 to 2.6 mmol/L arm (HR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.58) and < 1.8 mmol/L arm (HR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.66), respectively. Additionally, lowering LDL-C levels reduced the risks of composite fracture and major osteoporotic fracture.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this population-based cohort study, LDL-C lowering was associated with a decreased risk of fracture in individuals with hyperlipidaemia. This decreased risk appeared to be associated with the extent of LDL-C lowering, suggesting that the therapeutic paradigm of 'lower is better' could be advantageous for fracture prevention in individuals with hyperlipidaemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"227-237"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147376124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CXCL5 suppresses osteoclastogenesis and protects against lipoteichoic acid-induced bone loss by modulating PLCγ2 and c-Fos signalling in gram-positive periprosthetic joint infection.","authors":"Yuhan Chang, Pei-Heng Jiang, Yung-Heng Hsu, Kee-Chin Sia, Steve Wen-Neng Ueng, Mei-Feng Chen","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2025-0290.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2025-0290.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is known to disrupt bone metabolism. Unlike lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) from Gram-positive cocci (GPC) induces minimal osteoclast activation and bone resorption. Clinically, patients with Gram-positive bacterial component-associated PJI (GPC-PJI) exhibit less osteolytic activity than those with Gram-negative bacterial PJI (GNB-PJI), suggesting a milder disruption of bone homeostasis. In this study, we identified elevated levels of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5 (CXCL5) in the synovial fluid (SF) of GPC-PJI patients and investigated its regulatory role in osteoclast signalling and bone remodelling. A murine bone loss model was employed to assess its in vivo function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SF samples from patients with PJI and aseptic loosening (AL) were analyzed using cytokine protein arrays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to compare CXCL5 expression in the AL, GPC-PJI, and GNB-PJI groups. In vitro, MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were used to examine CXCL5 induction following LTA stimulation, while RAW264.7 macrophages were used to evaluate the effects of CXCL5 on receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. In vivo, a mouse model received intra-articular LTA and intraperitoneal CXCL5 neutralizing antibody to investigate the role of CXCL5 in maintaining bone integrity under infectious conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CXCL5 was significantly upregulated in PJI patients, particularly in GPC-PJI cases. LTA stimulation increased CXCL5 secretion from osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Functionally, CXCL5 inhibited osteoclast formation and reduced nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) expression. Kinase profiling revealed that CXCL5 suppressed osteoclastogenesis via PLCγ2 phosphorylation and c-Fos downregulation. In vivo, CXCL5 neutralization exacerbated LTA-induced bone loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CXCL5 is highly expressed in GPC-PJI and protects bone by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation through PLCγ2 and c-Fos signalling. In vivo evidence confirms its key role in preserving bone homeostasis during Gram-positive bacterial infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"215-226"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12956417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical study of screw-supported prosthesis in acetabular revision.","authors":"Qian Wan, Meng Xu, Hao Chen, Haowen Xue, Baoming Yuan, Bin Zhou, Qing Han, Xin Zhao, Jincheng Wang","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2025-0134.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.153.BJR-2025-0134.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Acetabular bone defects pose a common challenge in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). Our team has applied screw-supported prostheses to the revision of severe acetabular defects and achieved good early clinical results. However, in one of our cases, loosening of the screw-cup connection occurred five months after surgery. Therefore, we investigated the mechanical characteristics and weak points of this prosthesis system through finite element analysis (FEA) and mechanical testing, and proposed improvement strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A screw-supported prosthesis used in clinical practice was modelled, and FEA was performed to obtain its displacement and von Mises stress distribution under gait loading. Emphasis was placed on the stresses at the screw-cup connection to analyze the failure mechanism. Mechanical compression tests were subsequently performed on the prosthesis, and the failure mode of the prosthesis verified the results of the FEA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FEA identified the posterior iliac and pubic locking connections as weak points prone to fatigue failure. Mechanical tests confirmed that the locking connection failed under 2,500 to 3,000 N loads. The improved sleeve connection enhanced connection strength and reduced failure risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The screw-supported prosthesis shows potential for severe acetabular defects, but the screw-cup connection remains a vulnerable site. Enhanced connection designs (e.g. sleeve connection) and bone grafting effectively mitigate failure risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"204-214"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12949685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147321311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The calcitonin receptor controls osteophyte formation, but not cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone loss in experimental osteoarthritis.","authors":"Shan Jiang, Weixin Xie, Tobias M Ballhause, Jan Sevecke, Ruben Augustin, Tim Rolvien, Tazio Maleitzke, Anke Baranowsky, Johannes Keller","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.152.BJR-2025-0025.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.152.BJR-2025-0025.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Salmon calcitonin (CT) has been shown to have antiresorptive and chondroprotective effects, and several clinical trials have reported beneficial effects of salmon CT treatment in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). The objective of the present study is to investigate the role of endogenous CT-mediated signalling in OA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Calcitonin receptor (CTR)-deficient mice and wild-type (WT) littermate controls were subjected to experimental post-traumatic OA (ptOA) by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Radiological and histomorphometric outcome measurements in WT and <i>CTR</i>-deficient mice with ACLT were performed at early (4 weeks) and late (8 weeks) stages after ptOA induction. Expression of CTR on messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein level in sham and ACLT knees of WT mice were measured by gene expression analysis and immunofluorescence, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In WT mice, <i>Calcr</i> mRNA was progressively induced in ptOA knees, and CTR protein was abundantly expressed in articular cartilage and subchondral bone (SB) in diseased joints. <i>CTR^-/-</i> mice displayed decreased osteophyte formation compared to WT mice, while cartilage deterioration, pathological SB alterations, and synovial inflammation were not affected by <i>CTR</i> deficiency. In line with this, bone resorption, cartilage, and inflammatory markers were unaltered between WT and <i>CTR</i>-deficient mice, while bone formation parameters were increased only in WT ptOA knees on gene expression level four weeks after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although CTR is highly expressed in articular cartilage and SB and promotes osteophyte formation, endogenous CTR signalling does not affect cartilage degeneration and SB pathologies in murine ptOA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"190-203"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12921709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of cervical muscles in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy using diffusion tensor imaging metrics.","authors":"Bo Hu, Jiuheng Li, Jinchao Wang, Qingpeng Song, Xiaodong Ma, Chunyao Wang, Hua Guo, Dandan Zheng, Wen Shuang Zhang, Yi Yuan, Ling Wang, Xiao Han","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.152.BJR-2025-0169.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.152.BJR-2025-0169.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The objective of this research was to assess the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters of deep cervical muscles in patients diagnosed with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) before and after surgery at different follow-up stages, and to analyze their relationship with functional scores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 30 patients with DCM who underwent cervical laminoplasty. DTI imaging and clinical assessments were performed preoperatively as well as at three-month and six-month follow-up. DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy (FA); mean diffusivity (MD); radial diffusivity (RD); and axial diffusivity (AD)) of cervical paraspinal muscles (multifidus and semispinalis cervicis) were measured, and mean values were calculated. Preoperative and postoperative changes in DTI parameters were analyzed using the Friedman test. Spearman correlation and linear regression analyses was conducted to assess the relationship between preoperative cervical paraspinal muscle DTI measurements and changes in modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) scores and visual analogue scale (VAS) at preoperative and three-month and six-month follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between recovery rates of mJOA and VAS and changes of DTI metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperative paraspinal muscle FA is associated with preoperative mJOA scores (<i>r</i> = 0.372, p = 0.043). Preoperative paraspinal muscle FA significantly correlated with VAS change at three-month (<i>r</i> = -0.461, p = 0.010) and six-month follow-up (<i>r</i> = -0.477, p = 0.008), and also correlated with mJOA recovery rate at six-month follow-up (<i>r</i> = 0.368, p = 0.045). Higher preoperative paraspinal muscle FA was a significant predictor of decreased VAS scores at three-month and six-month follow-up (<i>β</i> = -0.411, p = 0.024; <i>β</i> = -0.385, p = 0.035) and increased mJOA scores at six-month follow-up (<i>β</i> = 0.401, p = 0.028). Changes in FA (p = 0.033, OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.11)) and RD (p = 0.028, OR 1.27 (95% CI (1.03 to 1.58)) at six months' follow-up may be variables influencing the VAS change.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In DCM patients, changes in DTI parameters from preoperative to postoperative follow-up stages can indicate paraspinal muscle recovery after cervical surgery. DTI examination before surgery can predict patient recovery outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"179-189"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12906949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The promising regenerative potential of pulsed electromagnetic fields toward tendon differentiation : a hamstring tendon explant culture study.","authors":"Antonio Marmotti, Martina Coco, Francesca Orso, Laura Mangiavini, Laura de Girolamo, Enrico Bellato, Marco Viganò, Enrico Ragni, Stefania Setti, Daniela Taverna, Filippo Castoldi","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.152.BJR-2024-0550.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.152.BJR-2024-0550.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Hamstring tendons are commonly used autografts for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. They represent an optimal source for in vitro testing of new approaches that may improve tendon regeneration and, likely, ligamentization after ACL reconstruction. We assessed ex vivo, in a 3D explant culture, the anabolic effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on hamstring tendons in an experimental setting as close as possible to that of common clinical applications, suggesting a potential new therapeutic strategy to improving tendon remodelling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We exposed tendon explants from nine donors to PEMF for 21 days, eight hours/day, with an intensity similar to that used in clinical practice, and evaluated specific gene expression by immunofluorescence and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased expression of tendon-related markers (scleraxis, collagen types I and VI) and important players of tenogenic differentiation (c-Fos and mammalian target of rapamycin) was evidenced by immunofluorescence analysis upon PEMF exposure and confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrate that PEMF enhances tendon differentiation, which suggests that PEMF exposure could have clinical relevance as a new non-invasive adjuvant treatment for improving the early phases of hamstring autograft remodelling after ACL reconstruction, as well as possibly for hastening the repair of injured tendons.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"167-178"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12893807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146164078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiosteoporotic treatment promotes tendon-to-bone healing after rotator cuff repair : a systematic review of animal studies.","authors":"Daijun Xie, Yian Sun, Zhongcheng Liu, Xu Li, Fei Teng, Shaojuan Huo, Jin Jiang","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.152.BJR-2025-0383.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.152.BJR-2025-0383.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine whether antiosteoporosis treatment promotes tendon-to-bone healing after rotator cuff repair (RCR) in animal models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and was registered on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42024519176). PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from the inception to 13 January 2025. All the studies that used antiosteoporotic treatment as an intervention after RCR in animal models were included. The methodological quality was assessed using SYRCLE's risk of bias tools. The following data were extracted: author's name, animal characteristics, injury model, intervention measures, and main outcomes. Two reviewers independently conducted the literature search, data extraction, and quality assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 19 studies were included. Bisphosphonates (n = 5), parathyroid hormone (PTH) (n = 8), growth factors (n = 3), raloxifene (n = 1), denosumab (n = 1), and sclerostin antibody (n = 1) were applied as interventions. Overall, 15 studies used an animal model of rats, along with two in rabbits and two in sheep. Histology, imaging, biomechanics, muscle quality, gene expression, and serum biochemistry were evaluated as outcomes. Out of 16 studies that evaluated histological outcomes, 12 reported that antiosteoporosis treatment significantly promoted histological healing at the repair site. All ten studies which assessed bone microstructure showed that this was significantly improved. Of the 15 animal studies, 13 indicated that the biomechanical properties were enhanced following RCR when using antiosteoporotic treatment. All three studies reported that muscle quality was significantly improved, and all five studies found that the gene expression and serum biochemistry associated with osteogenesis were significantly elevated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study had high heterogeneity and major methodological flaws in the included studies, which limit the scope of these conclusions. However, based on histological, radiological, biomechanical, muscle quality, and serum biochemical analyses, antiosteoporosis treatments may be considered to enhance tendon-to-bone healing after RCR.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"157-166"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12887734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}