Bone & Joint Research最新文献

{"title":"Finite element analysis safety of tibial cortex transverse transport.","authors":"Hongjie Su, Puxiang Zhen, Jun Hou, Wencong Qin, Jie Liu, Kaixiang Pan, Guan Jack, Xinyu Nie, Qikai Hua, Jinmin Zhao","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.144.BJR-2024-0157.R1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.144.BJR-2024-0157.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Tibial cortex transverse transport (TTT) represents an innovative surgical technique used in managing lower limb ischaemic conditions, focusing specifically on diabetic foot ulcers. This study aimed to assess the safety of TTT by evaluating the stress magnitude and distribution on the tibia and tibial osteotomy blocks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 3D finite element model was developed to simulate the TTT system, including the tibia, osteotomy blocks, skin, and TTT device. The models were reconstructed using Mimics, Geomagic, and SolidWorks, and analyzed with Ansys finite element processing software. To estimate the fracture risk under specific conditions, we calculated the stress limits and distribution the tibia could withstand without fracturing under various loading scenarios, such as torsion and axial compression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that stress on the tibial cortex increased progressively with the advancement of bone transport fixation adjustment, and was primarily concentrated around the pinholes used to lift the osteotomy block. No significant differences were observed between the control and TTT groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through finite element analysis, it was determined that TTT does not compromise the overall stability of the tibia, and the TTT device provides protection against bone fracture caused by window-cutting in diabetic patients. Therefore, to preserve the TTT system's stability, its components must be protected from high-impact forces.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"281-291"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the causal relationship between 28 circulating biomarkers and osteoarthritis : a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Xiao-Wei Zhu, Xiao Zheng, Lu Wang, Jia Liu, Man Yang, Ya-Qi Liu, Yun Qian, Yuan Luo, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0207.R1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0207.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Circulating biochemistry markers are commonly used to monitor and detect disease-induced dysfunctions including osteoarthritis (OA). However, the causal nature of this relationship is nevertheless largely unknown, due to unmeasured confounding factors from observational studies. We aimed to reveal the causal relationship between 28 circulating biochemistry markers and OA pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study between 28 circulating biomarkers and six OA types, using large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics data from a UK Biobank cohort (n = 450,243) and the latest OA meta-analysis (n = 826,690). We replicated the significant results of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) in an independent large GWAS dataset obtained from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (GLGC) (n > 800,000).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using 73 to 792 instrumental variables for biomarkers, this large MR analysis identified 11 causal associations at the Bonferroni corrected significance level of 2.98 × 10^-4, involving seven biomarkers and five OA types. LDL-C (odds ratio (OR) per SD increase 0.90, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.93), apolipoprotein B (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.91), TC (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.94), calcium (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.90), and glucose (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.89) are causally associated with a reduced risk of OA, while phosphate (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.30) and aspartate aminotransferase (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.24) are causally associated with an increased risk. Analysis of GLGC summary statistics successfully replicated LDL-C (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.96) and TC (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.95).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This comprehensive bidirectional MR analysis provides new insights into the prevention and treatment of OA, as well as understanding the biological mechanism underlying OA pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"259-269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the mechanical properties of tibialis anterior and peroneus longus allograft depending on sterilization method and storage time.","authors":"Dénes Faragó, Atilla F Karácsony, Zsanett Orlovits, Karoly Pap, Rita M Kiss","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0129.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0129.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of the present research was to analyze the effects of different sterilization methods and storage times on the mechanical properties (load at first break, strain at first break, maximum load, strain at maximum load, and Young's modulus of elasticity) of different allografts compared to native groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two types of grafts were harvested from human cadavers: 165 tibialis anterior (TA) and 166 peroneus longus (PL) tendons. According to the two types of sterilization methods (γ and electron beam irradiation) or the lack of one, and the six types of storage time (one to six months), 36 groups were created. In addition, we created a 1 to 1 native group, which was not sterilized and stored, tested within four hours of collection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the results of tendon type TA compared to TA native group, we observed significant differences at the fifth month of storage for all measured parameters. Load at first break of the frozen values at the fifth month was significantly inferior to the native group (p = 0.034). For strain at first break and strain at maximum load, all sterilization methods were significantly inferior at the fifth month (p = 0.003 to p = 0.009). Maximum load values were significantly superior with E-beam irradiation at the fifth month (p = 0.003), and also significantly higher with γ irradiation at the fifth month (p = 0.009). Young's modulus showed significantly inferior values in the frozen tendons at the fifth month (p = 0.001 to p = 0.003). In tendon type PL, no significant differences were found for any of the tested parameters compared to the native group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate that freezing alters mechanical properties via the decrease seen in the ultimate tensile strength. In addition, at the fifth and sixth months of storage, time could notably affect allografts rather than the sterilization procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"270-280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orientin alleviates chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis by inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway.","authors":"Haitao Chen, Siyi Liu, Junwei Xing, Yinxian Wen, Liaobin Chen","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2023-0383.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2023-0383.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease that leads to pain, disability, and reduced quality of life. Orientin exhibits considerable anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, but its role in chondrocyte senescence and OA progress has not yet been fully characterized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of orientin on OA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The role of orientin in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, mitochondrial homeostasis, and chondrocyte senescence was investigated in vitro. Meanwhile, we used molecular docking, small molecular inhibitors, and RNA interference to screen and validate candidate proteins regulated by orientin. In an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) rat model, radiograph, micro-CT, and various histological examinations were applied to evaluate the therapeutic effects of orientin on OA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that orientin inhibited ECM degradation and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factor expression in interleukin (IL)-1β-treated chondrocytes. Additionally, orientin reduced the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improved mitochondrial homeostasis. Furthermore, orientin suppressed IL-1β-induced activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway. We also found that orientin bound to phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and inhibited NF-κB cascades via the PI3K/AKT pathway. In vivo, we demonstrated that orientin improved cartilage wear and reduced synovial inflammation and osteophyte in an ACLT rat model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Orientin improves mitochondrial homeostasis, inhibits chondrocyte senescence, and alleviates OA progress via the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB axis, which suggests that orientin is a potential effective therapeutic agent for OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"245-258"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of metaphyseal holes and interposition material on the longitudinal growth stimulation of long bones in a rabbit model.","authors":"Byoung K Park, Kyoung-Mi Lee, Kyeong-Hyeon Park, Hoon Park, Eun A Ko, Jin W Lee, Hyun W Kim, Kun-Bo Park","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0321.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0321.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>It remains unclear which factors influence overgrowth of the tibia, resulting from the metaphyseal hole created during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in skeletally immature patients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of growth stimulation by creating a metaphyseal hole in a rabbit model, based on its distance from the physis and type of interposition material.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Experiment 1, 38 skeletally immature male New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into one of four groups: a metaphyseal hole created at 5, 10, or 15 mm distal to the physis of the left proximal tibia with the hole filled with bone wax, or a sham control group. In Experiment 2, after establishing the distance associated with the most overgrowth, a defect was created at 10 mm distal to the physis in 20 additional rabbits, which were randomly assigned to have the defect filled with Tisseel, or be left unfilled. The rabbits were euthanized six weeks postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The length and rate of overgrowth were higher in the groups with holes drilled 5 and 10 mm distal to the physis compared to the sham group. A significant increase in new bone width was observed in the 10 mm distal hole group. Growth stimulation in both radiological and histological analyses was not significant in the unfilled and Tisseel groups. Valgus deformities were observed in all groups with metaphyseal holes compared to the sham group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Creating a metaphyseal hole 10 mm distal to the physis of the proximal tibia can significantly stimulate longitudinal growth and induce tibia valga in rabbits; however, the effect varies depending on the type of interposition material. Notably, overgrowth was significant only in the group with holes filled with bone wax. Based on this study, the location of the metaphyseal hole during ACL reconstruction or physeal bar excision could be optimized.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"236-244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"Yan Xiao, Zhang Yue, He Zijing, Zheng Yao, Mao Sui, Zeng Xuemin, Zhang Qiang, Yuan Xiao, Ren Dapeng","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2025-00003","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2025-00003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"223"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11904850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and validation of transcriptome-wide association study-derived genes as potential druggable targets for osteoarthritis.","authors":"Xindie Zhou, Xinjian Ye, Jiapei Yao, Xiaolong Lin, Yiping Weng, Yong Huang, Yaojun Lu, JingJing Shang, Luming Nong","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0251.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0251.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widespread chronic degenerative joint disease with an increasing global impact. The pathogenesis of OA involves complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Despite this, the specific genetic mechanisms underlying OA remain only partially understood, hindering the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) was conducted for site-specific OA phenotypes using functional summary-based imputation (FUSION). High-confidence candidate genes were identified through rigorous quality control measures, including joint/conditional analysis, permutation tests, best model evaluation, and colocalization analysis. Co-expression network analysis was performed to elucidate the functional biology of these candidate genes. Druggable gene targets and their structural models were retrieved from the DrugBank and SWISS-MODEL databases. Finally, the enrichment of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (<i>MAPK3</i>) and <i>SMAD3</i> in OA was validated biochemically using in vitro and in vivo OA models, as well as human histological sections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Utilizing the FUSION algorithm, TWAS identified 794 candidate genes for OA. After quality control, 14 genes were classified as high-confidence genes, with seven recognized as potential drug targets including <i>GCAT, MAPK3, MST1R, PFKM, RAD9A, SMAD3,</i> and <i>USAP8</i>. Co-expression analysis revealed a strong biological association between <i>SMAD3</i> and <i>MAPK3</i>. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated high activity and enriched expression of these two genes in OA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study identified tissue-specific candidate genes and validated high-confidence druggable targets for OA, providing new insights into the genetic landscape and biological processes involved in OA. Further functional studies are warranted to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"224-235"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11904851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical compression induces chondrocyte hypertrophy by regulating Runx2 O-GlcNAcylation during temporomandibular joint condyle degeneration.","authors":"Yan Xiao, Zhang Yue, He Zijing, Zheng Yao, Mao Sui, Zeng Xuemin, Zhang Qiang, Yuan Xiao, Ren Dapeng","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0257.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0257.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Excessive chondrocyte hypertrophy is a common feature in cartilage degeneration which is susceptible to joint overloading, but the relationship between mechanical overloading and chondrocyte hypertrophy still remains elusive. The aim of our study was to explore the mechanism of mechanical compression-induced chondrocyte hypertrophy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) degeneration model was built through forced mandibular retrusion (FMR)-induced compression in TMJ. Chondrocytes were also mechanically compressed in vitro. The role of O-GlcNAcylation in mechanical compression-induced chondrocyte hypertrophy manifested through specific activator Thiamet G and inhibitor OSMI-1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both in vivo and in vitro data revealed that chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation is promoted by compression. Immunofluorescent and immunoblotting results showed that protein pan-O-GlcNAcylation levels were elevated in these hypertrophic chondrocytes. Pharmacologically inhibiting protein pan-O-GlcNAcylation by OSMI-1 partially mitigated the compression-induced hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes. Specifically, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and SRY-Box 9 transcription factor (Sox9) were subjected to modification of O-GlcNAcylation under mechanical compression, and pharmacological activation or inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation affected the transcriptional activity of Runx2 but not Sox9. Furthermore, compression-induced protein pan-O-GlcNAcylation in chondrocytes was induced by enhanced expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), and depletion of GLUT1 by WZB117 dampened the effect of compression on chondrocyte hypertrophy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study proposes a novel function of GLUT1-mediated protein O-GlcNAcylation in driving compression-induced hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes by O-GlcNAc modification of Runx2, which promoted its transcriptional activity and strengthened the expressions of downstream hypertrophic marker.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"209-222"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum.","authors":"Yayuan Guo, Xueliang Peng, Bin Cao, Qian Liu, Shen Li, Fulin Chen, Dalong Zhi, Shequn Zhang, Zhuoyue Chen","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2025-00002","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2025-00002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant anabolism hinders constructive metabolism of chondrocytes by pharmacotherapy in osteoarthritis.","authors":"Raquel Largo, Aranzazu Mediero, Cristina Villa-Gomez, Ismael Bermejo-Alvarez, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0241.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.143.BJR-2024-0241.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent and disabling disease with an unmet therapeutic need. The characteristic cartilage loss and alteration of other joint structures result from a complex interaction of multiple risk factors, with mechanical overload consistently playing a central role. This overload generates an inflammatory response in the cartilage due to the activation of the innate immune response in chondrocytes, which occurs through various cellular mechanisms. Moreover, risk factors associated with obesity, being overweight, and metabolic syndrome enhance the inflammatory response both locally and systemically. OA chondrocytes, the only cells present in articular cartilage, are therefore inflamed and initiate an anabolic process in an attempt to repair the damaged tissue, which ultimately results in an aberrant and dysfunctional process. Under these circumstances, where the cartilage continues to be subjected to chronic mechanical stress, proposing a treatment that stimulates the chondrocytes' anabolic response to restore tissue structure does not appear to be a therapeutic target with a high likelihood of success. In fact, anabolic drugs proposed for the treatment of OA have yet to demonstrate efficacy. By contrast, multiple therapeutic strategies focused on pharmacologically managing the inflammatory component, both at the joint and systemic levels, have shown promise. Therefore, prioritizing the control of chronic innate pro-inflammatory pathways presents the most viable and promising therapeutic strategy for the effective management of OA. As research continues, this approach may offer the best opportunity to alleviate the burden of this incapacitating disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}