Bone & Joint Research最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic biomarkers for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head : a systematic review and pathophysiological cascade network.","authors":"Yawei Dong, Jigao Sun, Shuwen Li, Jiawen Zhang, Yan Yan, Taixian Li, Yan Jia","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2026-0020.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2026-0020.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Many studies have focused on identifying specific biomarkers for the early diagnosis of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH). This systematic review aims to summarize biomarkers associated with the diagnosis and progression prediction of NONFH, thereby providing a molecular level foundation for clinical diagnosis and targeted treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, we comprehensively searched original English-language articles published between January 2015 and December 2025 in the Web of Science and PubMed databases. Studies were selected based on the PICOS framework. Extracted data included study design, methodologies, sample sources, identified biomarkers, predictive performance, and the potential pathological pathways involved.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 15 studies were included, reporting a total of 52 biomarkers, all derived from blood samples. Biomarkers from eight studies were used to reflect NONFH progression, while those from seven studies were using for diagnostic prediction purposes. All biomarkers demonstrated favourable predictive performance, with six studies providing external validation. The predictive model comprising ICAM1, NR3C1, IKBKB, and CD4 showed promising performance, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values each reaching 1.00. Based on their core functions, the biomarkers were categorized into seven functional groups: immune-inflammatory activation and response, signal transduction and regulation, molecular metabolism and energy homeostasis, vascular function and coagulation, oxidative stress, pyroptosis and autophagy, and RNA regulatory.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biomarkers for NONFH exhibit considerable potential for early diagnosis and disease progression prediction in the Chinese population. The pathogenesis of NONFH involves a multifaceted pathological process in which various components interact and synergistically exacerbate the condition. This indicates that future therapeutic strategies should adopt a multitarget, multipathway synergistic intervention approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 9","pages":"1159-1175"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pile foundation reconstruction prosthesis for severe acetabular bone defects : principle, design, and mechanical analysis.","authors":"Qian Wan, Haotian Bai, Meng Xu, Haowen Xue, Qing Han, Xin Zhao, Wenbo Yang, Xingchen Guo, Lanfeng Song, Bin Zhou, Jincheng Wang, Hao Chen","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2025-0687.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2025-0687.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Severe acetabular bone defects generally refer to Paprosky III defects and pelvic discontinuity. Reconstruction surgery for these is complex, and requires innovative strategies to address implant failure and reconstruct the acetabulum. Traditional reconstruction methods rely on the acetabular inner surface bone stock for prosthetic support, which sometimes proves inadequate for reconstructing severe acetabular bone defects. This study proposes a pile foundation reconstruction prosthesis (PFRP) that stabilizes the acetabular component by means of pile screws anchored in the deep periacetabular bone stock, offering a promising solution for addressing severe acetabular bone defects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This article elucidates the fundamental principles, design, fabrication, and implantation technique of the PFRP, and verifies its mechanical stability through finite element analysis (FEA) and biomechanical testing, exploring its biomechanical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Initial FEA of the prosthesis determined that the posterior iliac pile and the pubic pile serve as the primary load-bearing components. Furthermore, a minimum triangular configuration of the posterior iliac pile, pubic pile, and ischial pile is required to stably support the acetabular component. Through fatigue mechanical testing and FEA, the efficacy of the PFRP in reconstructing Paprosky IIIB acetabular defects has been validated. Furthermore, a cluster analysis was performed on a historical cohort of 137 acetabular revision cases, categorizing the bone defects into four distinct types. The effectiveness of the PFRP was validated by applying it to the most severe defect within each category, thereby demonstrating its broad clinical applicability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PFRP exhibits excellent stability. The three-pile fundamental configuration can stably reconstruct acetabular bone defects of various severities. This represents a promising novel strategy for reconstructing acetabular bone defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 9","pages":"1147-1158"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of robotic arm-assisted bi-unicompartmental knee arthroplasty versus total knee arthroplasty on objectively measured physical activity: secondary outcomes of a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Sree Kanakala, Miloš Brkljac, Matthew Banger, James Doonan, Søren Brage, Mark Blyth, Philip Rowe, Bryn Jones, Angus MacLean, Tim Lindsay","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2026-0018.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2026-0018.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Bi-unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (Bi-UKA) is a bone-conserving, cruciate-sparing alternative to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) do not differ between procedures. Conflicting data exist on gait preservation, and little is known about physical activity (PA) outcomes. PA is understudied in arthroplasty, despite its links with all-cause mortality. We compared PA volume and intensity in patients randomized to Bi-UKA or TKA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 38 TKA and 31 Bi-UKA patients from a prospective randomized controlled trial. A triaxial accelerometer was worn on the surgical thigh for seven days, with a three-day minimum wear criterion. Data were collected preoperatively, and at one and two years postoperatively. Outcomes were PA energy expenditure (PAEE), moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA), light-intensity PA (LPA), and sedentary time (ST), plus proportional PAEE by intensity. Group differences were assessed with mixed-effects models including baseline PA and biphasic gait as covariates. Spearman's rank correlation between PROMs and PA was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperative characteristics were comparable. Activity levels were higher following surgery, but postoperative differences in PAEE, MVPA, LPA, or ST between groups failed to reach statistical significance. Baseline PAEE (<i>β</i> =+ 0.27, p = 0.037) and MVPA (<i>β</i> =+ 0.25, p = 0.024) were associated with improvements in postoperative activity. Postoperative correlations between PROMs and objective PA were weak across groups, and appeared to diminish over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although free-living PA improved following Bi-UKA and TKA, differences between groups failed to reach statistical significance. Across both procedures, habitual and behavioural factors appear to be stronger determinants of postoperative PA than surgical procedure, as reflected by the limited correlation between PROMs and objective PA. Larger, long-term randomized studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 9","pages":"1136-1146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13559227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIRT3-dependent mitochondrial redox homeostasis protects against age-related tendon degeneration.","authors":"Yiqiong Nie, Jiefu Zhou, Xueying Zhang, Yang Chen, Tao Zhang, Wei Peng, Linfeng Wang, Shouan Zhu, Hongbin Lu","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2025-0212.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2025-0212.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Mitochondrial redox homeostasis is closely linked to the ageing processes of tendons, whether in normal or pathological conditions. This study employed an innovative approach to examine the role of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) in mitochondrial dysfunction in the aged murine supraspinatus tendon (ST).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pathological changes and collagen organization in tendons, along with variations in SIRT3 levels and oxidative stress, were initially assessed in mice of different ages. In vitro experiments were then performed to evaluate the effects of oxidative senescence on tendon cells, including cellular activity, phenotype, and collagen secretion. Finally, we explored the underlying mechanisms via which SIRT3 regulates mitochondrial redox homeostasis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histological and immunofluorescence analyses revealed a decline in SIRT3 levels within tenocytes as ageing progressed, accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and ageing-related phenotypes. The reduction in SIRT3 with age led to an increase in reactive oxygen species levels in tendon cells. However, enhancing SIRT3 expression in cells under oxidative stress was found to activate the SOD2 and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathways, effectively reversing cellular senescence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SIRT3 plays a pivotal role in maintaining mitochondrial redox homeostasis in ST by regulating the mitochondrial antioxidant network to mitigate ageing and oxidative stress in tendon cells. Targeting SIRT3 in ST degeneration may offer a promising therapeutic approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 9","pages":"1123-1135"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13553143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A biodegradable polyurethane adhesive augments tendon-bone interface healing in a rat Achilles repair model.","authors":"Vasyl Pastukh, Jianying Zhang, Peter Geoffrey Alexander, Alejandro Jose Almarza, Soichi Hattori, Michael Copeland, Satyaj Bhargava, MaCalus V Hogan, James H-C Wang","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2026-0060.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2026-0060.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Surgical repair infrequently restores the native tendon-bone interface (TBI, also referred to as the enthesis), resulting in excessive scar formation, compromised biomechanics, and frequent re-tears. A simple, biodegradable surgical adjunct that supports tendon-bone healing could augment standard repair strategies. In this study, we evaluated a biomimetic, amino acid-based biodegradable polyurethane adhesive as an intraoperative adjunct to standard suture repair in a rat Achilles tendon-calcaneus model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 90 female Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old) were randomly assigned to two groups: suture-only and suture + adhesive (n = 45 per group). In the enthesis injury model, after transection and drilling, the polymer adhesive was freshly prepared and applied directly to the tendon-bone interface prior to suture tightening. The contralateral limb served as an intact control. Animals were sacrificed at four-, eight-, and 12-week timepoints, and tissues were evaluated using histological, imaging, micro-CT, and biomechanical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with suture-only repair, the suture + adhesive treatment was associated with more organized fibrocartilage formation, improved collagen I/III organization, greater proteoglycan deposition, and a smaller, more compact repair interface. When normalized by cross-sectional area, the adhesive group exhibited higher ultimate stress (tissue-level mechanical strength), although ultimate stress remained below that of intact controls. Whole-construct mechanical properties were comparable between groups, suggesting that the adhesive served as a biological and structural adjunct that was associated with improved intrinsic tissue quality, rather than increased construct-level strength.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that a biodegradable polyurethane adhesive is associated with improved structural organization and intrinsic tissue-level mechanical properties of the repaired tendon-bone interface. Its straightforward intraoperative use and favourable biocompatibility profile support further investigation of its potential as an adjunctive strategy for tendon-bone repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 9","pages":"1111-1122"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal artifact reduction sequence MRI in hip periprosthetic joint infection management : a noninvasive reference for infection control before two-stage reimplantation.","authors":"Zhenyuan Lin, Lan Lin, Mingzhong Liu, Chaofan Zhang, Wenming Zhang, Yang Chen, Chaoyang Wu, Zida Huang, Zhenpeng Guan, Xinyu Fang","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2025-0586.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2025-0586.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>There is currently no validated noninvasive method to determine infection control prior to prosthesis reimplantation during the two-stage revision process for hip periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This prospective study investigates whether metal artifact reduction sequence (MARS) MRI can serve as a diagnostic reference for infection control before second-stage revision surgery by analyzing artifact-reduced MRIs in patients with hip PJI prior to reimplantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with hip PJI after THA who entered the two-stage revision process between January 2019 and January 2024 were prospectively and consecutively enrolled. Based on the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria, 23 patients achieved infection control after the interval period (prior to reimplantation), and 11 experienced infection recurrence after spacer implantation (prior to repeat debridement). All patients underwent MARS MRI prior to both first-stage surgery and second-stage reimplantation. Data collected included patient demographics (sex, age), ESR, CRP, intraoperative pathology, culture results, and MARS MRIs. Two imaging specialists reviewed the MARS MRIs obtained prior to the first-stage surgery and prior to the second-stage reimplantation, evaluating regression of prior infectious lesions, emergence of new lesions, and overall infection control. Their assessments were then compared with intraoperative pathology and culture-confirmed infection status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MARS MRI revealed significantly more frequent findings of bone oedema, soft-tissue oedema, and joint effusion in patients with recurrent infection compared to those with controlled infection after spacer implantation (p = 0.002). The imaging specialists' evaluations were in complete agreement with the clinical findings confirmed by pathology and cultures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evaluating the difference in MARS MRIs between the first-stage and second-stage preoperative periods, and focusing on oedema signals in the bone and soft tissues surrounding the prosthesis, provides a useful noninvasive indicator for determining infection control prior to two-stage reimplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 9","pages":"1101-1110"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13541391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser scanning registration for knee arthroplasty.","authors":"Thomas Warren, Ulani Hayter Otaola, Brett Robertson, Riaz Khan, Sam Withers, Hari Goonatillake, Benjamin Hewitt, Tomasz Kozak, Sajan Kuriakose, Tareq Batanony, Jon Greenwald, Morteza Meftah","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2025-0617.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2025-0617.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Accurate registration of anatomy is fundamental to robotic and computer-assisted surgery; however, conventional methods rely on manual data acquisition performed by the surgeon using a tracked probe that is slow and affected by operator variability. Limitations of manual methods have hindered wider adoption of surgical navigation despite its benefits for alignment accuracy, particularly in orthopaedic applications. This study evaluates a laser surface scanning system, LumaScan, against standard intraoperative probe-based registration with a controlled phantom knee model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Surgeons performed repeated probe-based data acquisition for registration, while LumaScan executed operator-initiated scans mounted to a robotic arm. The accuracy of each modality was assessed using root mean square (RMS) error relative to a CT-derived reference model, alongside evaluations of repeatability and acquisition time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LumaScan achieved a RMS error of 0.07 mm (SD 0.02), compared to probe-based methods, which resulted in a RMS error of 0.34 mm (SD 0.36). Acquisition time was reduced from 112 seconds (SD 75.8) manually to 6.38 seconds (SD 0.03) for LumaScan (p < 0.001), with probe-based timing increasing three times from the fastest to the slowest participant despite a fixed protocol. The errors of the femur and tibia achieved by LumaScan had a > 70% reduction compared to manual surface acquisition, with these results being statistically significant (p < 0.001). The results demonstrate that robotic laser scanning can significantly improve speed, accuracy, and precision over manual methods. Minimizing operator influence and standardizing registration has the potential to reduce error sources that persist in clinical workflows, subsequently accelerating the integration of navigation and robotics into routine orthopaedic procedures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LumaScan enables faster, more accurate, and more precise anatomical registration than manual methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 9","pages":"1092-1100"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite element analysis in foot and ankle arthrodesis.","authors":"Jitendra Mangwani, Hengshuo Zhang, Simin Li","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2026-0041.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2026-0041.R1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 9","pages":"1088-1091"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical comparison of mini-plate and screw fixation in minimally invasive distal metatarsal osteotomy for hallux valgus : a finite element and cadaveric study.","authors":"Ya-Han Chan, Yan-Yu Chen, Keen-Wai Chong, Chia-Hung Chu, Hsuan-Wen Wang, Shao-Fu Huang, Chun-Li Lin","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2026-0011.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.159.BJR-2026-0011.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To biomechanically compare the stability of mini-plate and dual-screw fixation following minimally invasive distal metatarsal osteotomy for hallux valgus, with an emphasis on early-stage stability under clinically relevant loading conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three fixation configurations were evaluated: mini-plate fixation with two (PS2) or three (PS3) locking screws and dual-screw fixation (DS). Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to quantify displacement and stress distribution under controlled bending and torsional loading, providing insight into internal load transfer mechanisms not accessible experimentally. Fresh-frozen human cadaveric specimens then underwent distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy and fixation according to each configuration (n = 3 per group). Cyclic and static bending tests were performed to simulate early postoperative weightbearing, and displacement responses were recorded. FE predictions were compared with experimental displacement trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under bending loads, both FEA and cadaveric testing consistently demonstrated that PS3 exhibited the smallest displacement, followed by PS2, with DS showing the greatest instability. FE analysis further revealed that mini-plate fixation reduced bone stress at the osteotomy site but increased implant stress, whereas DS showed higher bone stress concentration. Under torsional loading, FE results indicated lower displacement but higher bone stress in DS. Cadaveric cyclic tests confirmed the superior stability of PS3, showing the least displacement accumulation over 1,000 cycles (p < 0.05). In static testing, PS3 achieved the highest failure load (~423 N), followed by PS2 (~248 N), while DS showed the lowest (~205 N).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mini-plate fixation, particularly PS3, provides superior resistance to bending-induced micromotion compared with DS, with consistent agreement between FE predictions and experimental findings. FEA further elucidated internal stress distribution, highlighting increased bone stress concentrations in DS. Overall, mini-plate fixation offers a more stable and clinically reliable construct for maintaining correction during early postoperative weightbearing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 9","pages":"1074-1087"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13529394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analysis of the cytokine profile of platelet-rich plasma when combined in vitro with low versus high molecular weight hyaluronic acid.","authors":"David J Ellenbogen, Simarjeet Puri, Rishi Chatterji, Joseph Seta, Adam Miller, Ian Al'khafaji, Therese Bou-Akl, Paula Pawlitz, David C Markel","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.158.BJR-2025-0500.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.158.BJR-2025-0500.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are nonoperative treatments for osteoarthritis (OA) of large joints. Clinically, some endorse the use of both methods together for a theoretical synergistic effect therapeutically, with limited evidence. This study aimed to evaluate whether the molecular weight of HA influences the cytokines released from PRP in vitro.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Leucocyte-rich PRP was prepared from venous blood of ten healthy males (aged 18 to 35 years). Three groups were tested: PRP + phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, control), PRP + low molecular weight HA (LMWHA, and PRP + high molecular weight HA (HMWHA). Samples were incubated at 37°C, and the concentrations of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), IL-6, IL-10, platelet-derived growth factor subunit B (PDGF-BB), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured at two hours (Day 0) and 72 hours (Day 3). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (p < 0.05). A Bonferroni test was performed as a post hoc analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PDGF-BB decreased significantly (p < 0.001) from Day 0 to 3 across all groups. This was more pronounced in the presence of HA, regardless of molecular weight. IL-1β rose significantly in HA-treated groups only (p = 0.009). No significant intergroup differences emerged for IGFBP1, IL-6, TGF-β1, or TNF-α at either timepoint. There was a significant increase in both IL-1RA (p = 0.016), and IL-10 (p < 0.001) concentration from Day 0 to 3. There were no significant differences in IL-1RA or IL-10 between the control, LMWHA, and HMWHA groups at Day 0 or 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The molecular weight of HA did not improve the cytokine profile of PRP in vitro, suggesting that both LMWHA and HMWHA formulations may be comparable when used in combination with PRP, at least in males.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 8","pages":"1067-1073"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13500178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148807947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}