Ngoc Minh Chau Nguyen, Huichang Ryu, Joon Young Park, Yong Hwan Kim, Sunghoon Park
{"title":"Heterologous production of tungsten-dependent formate dehydrogenase I from Methylorubrum extorquens in Escherichia coli reveals α-subunit maturation as the major bottleneck.","authors":"Ngoc Minh Chau Nguyen, Huichang Ryu, Joon Young Park, Yong Hwan Kim, Sunghoon Park","doi":"10.1186/s40643-026-01092-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-026-01092-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methylorubrum extorquens formate dehydrogenase I (Me-FDH1) is a tungsten-dependent heterodimeric enzyme with high activity for CO<sub>2</sub>/formate interconversion, making it an attractive biocatalyst for carbon capture, formate production, and bioelectrocatalysis. Its broader application, however, is limited by the lack of a heterologous production host for this complex metalloenzyme. Here, we systematically evaluated Escherichia coli as a host for Me-FDH1 production and compared its performance with that of the native host and a previous heterologous host. Across multiple E. coli strains, active Me-FDH1 was obtained only when tungstate uptake was supported by a functional ModABC system or by heterologous expression of the TupBCA transporter, demonstrating that E. coli can synthesize and incorporate the W-bis-MGD cofactor. Nevertheless, expression remained low (< 1% of total cellular protein), and the purified enzyme displayed only 4-14 U mg<sup>- 1</sup> specific activity, far below the 80-100 U.mg<sup>- 1</sup> observed for the enzyme produced in M. extorquens. Operon redesign, altered gene order, stronger ribosome-binding sites, SUMO fusion, chaperone co-expression, and codon harmonization did not improve α-subunit production. In both E. coli and M. extorquens, the α-subunit was poorly produced in the absence of the β-subunit, indicating that the β-subunit contributes to α-subunit stabilization and/or maturation. Cell-free translation produced both subunits efficiently, showing that the principal barrier in E. coli is not transcription or translation, but post-translational instability and likely proteolytic loss of the α-subunit. These findings define the key bottleneck for Me-FDH1 production in E. coli and provide a roadmap for engineering hosts for tungsten-containing enzymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grey-box modeling framework for consolidated bioprocessing systems: an endpoint-guided approach.","authors":"Mark Korang Yeboah, Dirk Söffker","doi":"10.1186/s40643-026-01101-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-026-01101-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) combines enzyme production, biomass hydrolysis, and fermentation within a single process, but its modeling remains difficult because of biological nonlinearities, feedstock heterogeneity, and limited time-resolved measurements. This paper presents an endpoint-guided grey-box framework that connects data-driven endpoint prediction, phase-structured mechanistic reconstruction, and synthetic state-estimation analysis. A literature-derived CBP ethanol dataset containing 540 runs and 90 encoded input features was preprocessed using out-of-fold residual screening, after which several nonlinear regressors were compared using both log-transformed and raw endpoint targets. Repeated cross-validation selected a raw-target XGBoost model, XGB_raw, as the final endpoint surrogate, with RMSE [Formula: see text]. The independent hold-out subset favored histogram-based gradient boosting models, indicating that the leading boosting-based models were closely matched. For XGB_raw, hold-out performance improved after residual screening from RMSE [Formula: see text], MAE [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] to RMSE [Formula: see text], MAE [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]. Feature-attribution analysis identified hemicellulose content, substrate concentration, temperature, residence time, enzyme-assisted pretreatment, pH, cellulose content, and mixing rate as important endpoint predictors. The selected endpoint surrogate was then coupled to a three-phase hybrid simulator representing enzyme production, hydrolysis, and fermentation. Endpoint-guided calibration identified biologically plausible parameterizations that reproduced the target endpoint through moderate changes in growth, enzyme production, hydrolytic capacity, and product formation. Because independent time-resolved CBP trajectories were unavailable, the simulated profiles are interpreted as endpoint-constrained reconstructions rather than validated kinetic trajectories. A synthetic unscented Kalman filter study showed accurate reconstruction of sugar and scaled-product states, with lower-fidelity recovery of enzyme dynamics. Overall, the framework provides a feasibility-oriented basis for CBP endpoint prediction, mechanistic interpretation, and preliminary soft-sensing design under sparse-data conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13381484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdu Aldarhami, Suliman A Alderhami, Hassen Harzali, Abdulrahman S Bazaid, Zarah I Alzahrani, Hassan A El-Adawy, Nashwa H Abdullah, Nizar H Saeedi, Khaled A Abdelshafeek, Ahmed A Elhenawy
{"title":"Phytochemical characterization and bioactivity evaluation of Artemisia abyssinica methanolic extract as a baseline for bioresource exploration.","authors":"Abdu Aldarhami, Suliman A Alderhami, Hassen Harzali, Abdulrahman S Bazaid, Zarah I Alzahrani, Hassan A El-Adawy, Nashwa H Abdullah, Nizar H Saeedi, Khaled A Abdelshafeek, Ahmed A Elhenawy","doi":"10.1186/s40643-026-01103-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-026-01103-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and cancer has intensified interest in natural products as sources of biologically active compounds with potential pharmaceutical relevance. In this study, the phytochemical composition of the methanolic extract of Artemisia abyssinica aerial parts (MEAA) was comprehensively characterized using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and its in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and molecular docking properties were evaluated. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed a diverse profile dominated by flavonoids and phenolic compounds, including myricetin, quercetin, apigenin derivatives, hispidulin, and taxifolin, while GC-MS analysis tentatively identified several non-polar constituents, with gitoxigenin as a putative major component. MEAA exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus (inhibition zone 15 mm; MIC = 2 mg/mL) and moderate activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. The extract demonstrated weak antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay (IC<sub>50</sub> = 268.15 µg/mL) and moderate cytotoxicity against HepG-2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells (IC<sub>50</sub> = 59.2 µg/mL) compared with Adriamycin (IC<sub>50</sub> = 6.9 µg/mL). Molecular docking was employed to provide supportive structural insights, suggesting that selected flavonoids, particularly myricetin, apigenin, and hispidulin, may interact favorably with DNA gyrase, epidermal growth factor receptor, and urease. Overall, this study provides an analytical and biological profile of MEAA and highlights its phytochemical richness and early-stage bioactivity, supporting its relevance for further pharmaceutical investigation as well as its potential as a natural bioresource for future applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13381418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tri-valorization of methanol in a single bioreactor: co-production of enzyme, chemical, and single-cell protein using engineered Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii).","authors":"Jiayu Fang, Shuxian Wang, Guoxia Liu, Yanping Zhang, Yin Li, Taicheng Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s40643-026-01099-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-026-01099-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The economic viability of methanol-based biomanufacturing, particularly with green methanol as feedstock, is often limited by the low value of single-product processes. Here, we developed an integrated co-production strategy in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) for the simultaneous conversion of methanol into three products: the sweetener erythritol, the industrial biocatalyst β-mannanase, and single-cell protein (SCP) biomass. This new strategy explores the inherent spatial and functional separation between the ER-Golgi secretory pathway for enzyme production and the cytosolic pathway for chemical synthesis, thereby reducing interference between the two pathways. The engineered co-production strain achieved β-mannanase and erythritol titers comparable to those of the corresponding β-mannanase- and erythritol-producing reference strains in both shake-flask and fed-batch fermentor cultures. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct regulatory responses related to enzyme production and erythritol synthesis, supporting the limited cross-pathway interference between the two pathways. In addition, we showed that ultrafiltration enabled efficient downstream separation of the small-molecule erythritol from the secreted β-mannanase, with recovery efficiencies exceeding 89%. These results demonstrate a feasible strategy for methanol valorization into multiple value-added products and expand the potential of methylotrophic yeasts for integrated biomanufacturing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13365088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148429916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kexin Hao, Jianguang Liu, Hui Tang, Yan Zhang, Yandong Sun, Hongyu Zhang, Ji Wang, Peng Liu, Jianmei Luo, Jing Zhao
{"title":"Artificial intelligence and automation in enzyme engineering: evolution, advances, and future perspectives.","authors":"Kexin Hao, Jianguang Liu, Hui Tang, Yan Zhang, Yandong Sun, Hongyu Zhang, Ji Wang, Peng Liu, Jianmei Luo, Jing Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s40643-026-01096-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-026-01096-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural enzymes often fail to meet industrial demands for catalytic efficiency, stability, and substrate specificity, creating a critical bottleneck in biomanufacturing. This review examines how artificial intelligence (AI) and automation are reshaping enzyme engineering from empirical trial‑and‑error toward data-driven, closed-loop design. We trace AI development from feature-engineered machine learning to supervised deep learning and self-supervised protein language models, and automation from standalone task execution to cascade integration and biofoundry-enabled build-test workflows. Their convergence is analyzed through a stage-based autonomy framework, highlighting the transition from semi-automated workflows to conditional and high-autonomy DBTL systems. Recent studies demonstrate that AI-guided prediction, automated experimentation, and active learning can accelerate enzyme optimization; however, key barriers remain, including biased datasets, limited out-of-distribution generalization, weak mechanistic interpretability, automation interoperability constraints, and unresolved multi-objective trade-offs. We discuss future directions involving FAIR-compliant data infrastructure, hybrid sequence-structure-physics models, modular automation platforms, and autonomous closed-loop systems. By integrating historical evolution, representative case studies, success and failure analysis, and practical bottlenecks, this review provides a roadmap for advancing AI-guided and autonomous enzyme engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148418587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lignocellulose degradation characteristics and mechanisms of raw and NaOH-pretreated wheat straw by Irpex lacteus QJ: multi-omics analysis.","authors":"Qijun Zhu, Baorui Liu, Zhengrong Dou, Yunsheng Han, Hongying Cai, Peilong Yang, Weiwei Liu, Kun Meng","doi":"10.1186/s40643-026-01091-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-026-01091-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recalcitrant structure of lignocellulose hinders the efficient valorization of wheat straw. White-rot fungi have been extensively studied for their ability to completely degrade lignocellulose, yet the specific mechanisms remain insufficiently elucidated. In this study, the white-rot fungus Irpex lacteus QJ was applied to the solid-state fermentation of raw wheat straw (IW group) and NaOH-pretreated wheat straw (IN group). The degradation efficiency and mechanisms were investigated using enzyme activity assays, structural analyses (scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction), and multi-omics approaches. The results demonstrated that I. lacteus QJ effectively degraded wheat straw in both groups, and the IW group had significantly higher degradation rates of cellulose (56.21% vs. 41.90%), hemicellulose (57.30% vs. 42.94%) and lignin (54.90% vs. 42.23%), and significantly increased contents of crude protein (12.96% vs. 7.07%), thereby reducing the sugar concentration (33.18 mg/g vs. 9.63 mg/g) and lignocellulolytic enzyme activity. The results of the transcriptomic analysis revealed that the pathways enriched by the differentially expressed genes in the two groups were related to lignocellulose degradation. Key enzymes (including phenol hydroxylase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and D-xylulose reductase) were identified by the protein‒protein interaction network. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the changes in most lignin-related metabolites were consistent between the two groups, and the levels of common metabolites such as methyl cinnamate and 4-acetamidobenzoic acid were strongly positively correlated with the lignocellulose degradation efficiency. In conclusion, this study systematically assessed the lignocellulose degradation performance of I. lacteus QJ and clarified its degradation mechanisms via multi-omics analyses, providing a theoretical reference for the fungus-mediated bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148418575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuting Han, Yuanhe Luo, Kaifeng Wang, Lu Lin, Jian Gao, Mei-Li Sun, Xiao-Jun Ji
{"title":"Engineered microorganisms unlock a new era of diterpenoid biomanufacturing: recent advances and future perspectives.","authors":"Yuting Han, Yuanhe Luo, Kaifeng Wang, Lu Lin, Jian Gao, Mei-Li Sun, Xiao-Jun Ji","doi":"10.1186/s40643-026-01094-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-026-01094-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diterpenoids are natural compounds composed of four isoprene units. They possess diverse biological activities and widespread applications in the cosmetics, food additives and pharmaceutical. With the rapid advancement of synthetic biology, the biomanufacturing of diterpenoids via microbial metabolism has witnessed substantial advancements. Microbial chassis such as Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Yarrowia lipolytica and Rhodosporidium toruloides, have been successfully engineered to enable efficient biosynthesis of these compounds, thereby demonstrating substantial potential for industrial-scale applications. In this review, the construction of diterpenoid biosynthetic pathways in microbial cell factories is summarized. The research progress and engineering strategies for efficient microbial synthesis of diterpenoids are discussed, and the key challenges and future directions facilitating the design of high-yield diterpenoid production platforms and their translation into industrial practice are explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148410250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meryem Tourabi, Amira Metouekel, Mohamed Jeddi, Mohamed Chebaibi, Nesrine Benkhaira, Kawtar Fikri-Benbrahim, Youssouf Ali Younous, Turki M Dawoud, Esmael M Alyami, Hina Ali, Gehan M Elossaily, Badiaa Lyoussi, Elhoussine Derwich
{"title":"Solvent-driven modulation of phenolic composition and biofunctional activities of three Mentha aquatica formulations: integrated in vitro and in silico insights.","authors":"Meryem Tourabi, Amira Metouekel, Mohamed Jeddi, Mohamed Chebaibi, Nesrine Benkhaira, Kawtar Fikri-Benbrahim, Youssouf Ali Younous, Turki M Dawoud, Esmael M Alyami, Hina Ali, Gehan M Elossaily, Badiaa Lyoussi, Elhoussine Derwich","doi":"10.1186/s40643-026-01093-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-026-01093-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of this work was to examine the effect of different solvents (Water, EtOH 70%, and acetone) on the phenolic composition, antioxidant, and antibacterial capacity of Moroccan Mentha aquatica L. leaf extract. To this end, HPLC-ESI-FULL-MS was used to characterize the extracts, while the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum trichloride techniques were used to evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid contents. To assess the antibacterial capacity, the microdilution technique was performed to calculate the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Phytochemical profiling revealed that the extracts were rich in bioactive constituents, particularly ferulic acid derivative, caffeoyl-protocatechuic acid derivative, quercetin, and diosmetin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide. The hydroethanolic extract contained the highest levels of total phenolic (62.2 ± 1.2 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (29.15 ± 0.09 mg QE/g DW) contents, exceeding those of the acetonic extract (22.2 ± 0.6 and 10.17 ± 0.07 mg GAE/g DW, respectively) and the water extract (22.4 ± 0.6 and 10.9 ± 0.6 mg QE/g DW, respectively). This extract also showed the strongest antioxidant effect, recording an IC<sub>50</sub> of 0.060 ± 0.001 mg/mL in the DPPH assay, and an EC<sub>50</sub> of 80 µg/mL in the RP test. In addition, it shows a great total antioxidant capacity, reaching 75.1 ± 2.0 mg EAA/g DW when compared to water and acetonic extracts (28.5 ± 1.4 and 21.1 ± 0.1 mg EAA/g DW, respectively). The antibacterial potential ranges from 0.78 ± 0.05 mg/mL to 12.6 mg/mL. In-silico prediction highlighted diosmetin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, quercetin, and equisetumpyrone as the key contributors to antioxidant capacity, while quercetin, 2,3,8-Tri-O-methylellagic acid, and diosmetin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide were involved in antibacterial activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13337976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wanyu Yue, Liang Zhao, Zhen Chen, Qinglin Guan, Yixiao Jin, Jun Wang, Juan Zhang, Zheng Peng
{"title":"Dynamic changes of volatile substances and their driving factors during curing and fermentation of Hainan cigar.","authors":"Wanyu Yue, Liang Zhao, Zhen Chen, Qinglin Guan, Yixiao Jin, Jun Wang, Juan Zhang, Zheng Peng","doi":"10.1186/s40643-026-01088-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-026-01088-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Air-curing and fermentation are pivotal for cigar flavor, shaped by moisture dynamics, enzymatic activity, and microbial metabolism. This study comprehensively characterized Hainan cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs) across these processes, integrating volatile metabolomics, enzyme assays, high-throughput microbial sequencing, functional prediction, and correlation analyses to unravel the regulatory network of water activity, microbial succession, and metabolite transformation. Water activity served as the core environmental regulator. Low water activity in stem-drying selected stress-tolerant Bacillus and Aspergillus; rehydration to 0.75 in fermentation activated microbial metabolism, enriching functional specialists (Pseudomonas and Aspergillus). Volatile metabolites exhibited stage-specific dynamics: terpenoids peaked in final fermentation, the terpenoid content reached its peak during the final fermentation stage, characterized by a marked enrichment of key volatile aroma compounds, including neophytadiene, β-damascenone, and β-ionone. Functional analyses revealed upregulated amino acid degradation, lipid metabolism, and terpenoid transformation in fermentation. Aspergillus drove carotenoid/terpenoid precursor cleavage via oxidative enzymes to generate key C<sub>13</sub>-norisoprenoid aromas. Pseudomonas synergistically promoted high-impact aromas through secondary metabolism (e.g., polyketide biosynthesis). Other microbes cooperated in lipid oxidation, nitrogen-containing heterocycle formation, and aroma integration. This study distinguishes dehydration-driven air-curing and aroma-producing fermentation, identifies Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Aspergillus as core functional drivers, and provides a theoretical basis for optimizing cigar tobacco production and precision quality control.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13310866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Douglas Nolan, Thomas R Chin, Mick Eamsureya, Sheldon Oppenheim, Olga Paley, Christina Alves, George Parks
{"title":"Correction: Modeling the behavior of monoclonal antibodies on hydrophobic interaction chromatography resins.","authors":"Douglas Nolan, Thomas R Chin, Mick Eamsureya, Sheldon Oppenheim, Olga Paley, Christina Alves, George Parks","doi":"10.1186/s40643-026-01089-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-026-01089-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148337754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}