BMC Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in pediatric age group.","authors":"Figen Bezci Aygun, Melisa Akgoz Koyuncuoglu, Sibel Kadayıfcılar, Seza Ozen","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04334-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04334-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the clinical presentations and long-term outcomes of uveitis secondary to Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five pediatric patients diagnosed with VKH disease were analyzed with respect to their clinical characteristics, presenting signs and symptoms, complications, and long-term outcomes. The median follow-up duration was 8 years, providing rare longitudinal data in the pediatric VKH population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ocular findings at presentation included anterior chamber cells (6 eyes, 60%), keratic precipitates (3 eyes, 30%), posterior synechiae (4 eyes, 40%), depigmented scars (4 eyes, 40%), disc edema (1 eye, 10%), exudative retinal detachment (2 eyes, 20%) and 'sunset-glow' fundus (4 eyes, 40%). The mean best corrected visual acuity improved from 20/32 to 20/25 at last follow-up. Complications were observed in several cases, including cataracts (40%), glaucoma (20%), and choroidal neovascularization (30%). Systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressants were used in all patients, with varied treatment responses and recurrence rates. Two patients required surgical intervention for cataracts and glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pediatric VKH patients are prone to significant complications such as cataracts, glaucoma, and choroidal neovascularization. Despite these complications, appropriate use of systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressants can lead to favorable visual outcomes. Long-term careful monitoring is essential to manage recurrences, complications and prevent vision-threatening complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"509"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12476036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of dry eye disease in African populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohamed Farah Ismail, Intisar Khalafalla, Abdulkarim Ismail Qarbote","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04290-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04290-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waiting is worthwhile: ROP stage 5 with stage regression due to retinal reattachment after scleral buckling surgery (encircling band) - a case report with review of the literature.","authors":"A Khamees, V Schöneberger, S Kaya, T Guthoff, G Geerling, R Guthoff","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04397-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04397-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of traditional and AI-based intraocular lens power calculation formulas in highly myopic eyes.","authors":"Xiaopeng Jiang, Jiangjie Wang, Qingmin Jiang, Xiangyu Zhou, Fei Xia, Meng Gao","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04365-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04365-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI)-based intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas compared with traditional methods in highly myopic eyes, and to evaluate their performance across varying axial lengths and corneal curvatures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case series included 115 highly myopic eyes that underwent phacoemulsification with IOL implantation. IOL power was calculated using four conventional formulas (SRK/T, Haigis, Holladay 2, Barrett Universal II) and seven AI-based formulas (Hill-RBF 3.0, Karmona, Hoffer QST, PEARL-DGS, Ladas Super Formula, Kane, HM-ZL). The outcomes were evaluated using standard deviation (SD), assessed with Heteroscedastic test; root-mean-square absolute error (RMSAE), assessed with bootstrap-t method; mean absolute error (MAE), assessed with Friedman test; and the percentage of eyes within ± 0.25 D to ± 1.00 D of prediction error, assessed with Cochran's Q test. Subgroup analyses were performed based on axial length (AL) and corneal curvature (Kmean).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most AI-based formulas-especially Hill-RBF 3.0, PEARL-DGS and Kane-demonstrated higher accuracy than traditional formulas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the MAEs of Hill-RBF 3.0, PEARL-DGS, and Kane were significantly lower than that of Holladay 2 (P < 0.05). The SD of PEARL-DGS also differed significantly from Holladay 2 (P < 0.05). In the long axial length group, Hill-RBF 3.0, PEARL-DGS, and Kane showed significantly lower MAEs than Holladay 2 (P < 0.05). In the moderate corneal curvature group, BUⅡ, Hill-RBF 3.0, Hoffer QST, PEARL-DGS, and Kane had significantly lower MAEs than Holladay 2, and the SDs of Hill-RBF 3.0 and PEARL-DGS differed significantly from both Holladay 2 and SRK/T (P < 0.05). Trend lines showed that AI-based formulas exhibited more consistent and stable performance across different AL and K_mean.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI-based formulas provide superior refractive prediction in highly myopic eyes compared with traditional methods. Tailored formula selection based on biometric profiles may enhance refractive outcomes in cataract surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12459027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of body mass index with orbital fat volume in lower eyelid blepharoplasty.","authors":"Iskender Alkın Solmaz, Elif Ertan","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04361-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04361-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case series study of laser refractive corneal surgery assisted by a virtual postoperative corneal simulation.","authors":"Jerry Tan, Samuel Arba Mosquera","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04340-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04340-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visco-circumferential-suture-trabeculotomy-synechiolysis with phacoemulsification versus phacoemulsification alone for chronic primary angle closure glaucoma.","authors":"Ahmed S Elwehidy, Amr Mohammed Elsayed Abdelkader, Sherein M Hagras, Nada M GabAllah, Mostafa As Elwehidy, Dina Abdelfattah","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04373-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04373-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the surgical outcomes of visco-circumferential-suture-trabeculotomy-synechiolysis (VCSTS) with phacoemulsification compared with phacoemulsification alone for the treatment of chronic primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).</p><p><strong>Settings: </strong>Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Mansoura, Egypt.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective double armed interventional non randomized comparative study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 88 eyes (69 patients) with uncontrolled PACG between 2016 and 2022 were subjected to VCSTS with phacoemulsification (Group 1) or phacoemulsification (PE) alone (Group 2). The follow-up period was 24 months. Success was defined as an IOP between 6 and 18 mmHg, with a reduction of at least 30% from baseline with (qualified) or without (complete) antiglaucoma medications (AGMs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ± standard deviation ages of the study patients in groups 1 and 2 were 61.1±0.9 and 61.7±0.8 years (p=0.536), respectively. The means ± standard deviations of the preoperative and final postoperative IOP and AGM in groups 1 and 2 were 27.46±0.32 and 28.0±0.3 and 14.15±1.1 and 16.7±0.71 mmHg, respectively (p<0.001), and 3.18±0.07 and 3.2±0.9 and 0.47±1.1 and 1.1±1.5, respectively (p=0.035). The rates of complete success (Kaplan‒Meier) in groups 1 and 2 were 95.3% and 86.7%, respectively (p=0.153). Mild self-limited hyphema was the most common complication in Group 1, with no serious complications reported in Group 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Phacoemulsification results in a significant and sustained reduction in IOP and the need for AGMs for at least 2 years of follow-up. The addition of VCSTS to phacoemulsification provides a greater reduction in IOP and AGMs and improved surgical success without serious complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal melting secondary to malnutrition and systemic steroid abuse: a case report.","authors":"Rawan Hosny, Maha Saad","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04337-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04337-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Steroids are arguably one of the most important drugs in modern medicine, utilized in many disorders. Their use, however, is not without complications. Medically unsupervised misuse of corticosteroids can have devastating, potentially fatal complications. We report a case of a 27-year-old female with history of bariatric surgery and extensive weight loss 10 years prior to her presentation at Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo University Hospitals, Emergency Department (ED). She decided, without seeking medical advice, to take 90 mg oral prednisolone to gain weight 3 months before presenting with left corneal melting and perforation. Emergency tectonic graft surgery was done to salvage globe.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and contributing factors of computer vision syndrome among university students in Iran: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Saeed Barzegari, Zahra ArabKermani, Zahra Mahmoudvand, Ibrahim Arpaci, Fatemeh Shabani, Amir Hossein Najafi","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04367-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04367-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a common condition in the digital era, causing fatigue in users exceeding four hours of screen time daily. It manifests as blurred vision, itching, dryness, and eye fatigue. This study examined the prevalence and risk factors for CVS among university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 230 students using simple sampling. A structured questionnaire included: (1) demographic data, (2) digital device use and ergonomic habits, and (3) CVS symptom frequency and severity based on the validated CVS-Q© scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 76.1% of the participants were found to have CVS, with a higher prevalence among female students (80.2%) compared to male students (70.7%). 87.4% of the subjects (n = 201) experienced one or more symptoms of CVS. Most of them experience headaches (60.4%, n = 139), eye irritation (55.7%, n = 128), tearing (50.9%, n = 116), and discomfort in the eyes (49.6%, n = 114). Female students scored a higher mean of CVS than male students (p = .004). Risk factors were a lack of adequate rest between screen watching periods (p ≤ .001) and failure to observe the 20-20-20 rule (p = .015).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study indicates that the prevalence of CVS is extremely high among the students, and, therefore, there is a need for ergonomic interventions to be implemented widely and used for prevention or alleviation of symptoms of CVS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12434916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of ganglion cell complex in patients taking hydroxychloroquine.","authors":"Prativa Acharya, Pragati Gautam Adhikari, Ranju Kharel Sitaula, Madhu Thapa","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04247-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04247-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the ganglion cell complex thickness in patients taking oral hydroxychloroquine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this hospital-based, cross-sectional, non-interventional, comparative study, 87 eyes of 87 patients taking hydroxychloroquine were recruited. All the patients underwent complete ophthalmological evaluation along with dilated fundus examination. Patients were divided into two groups based on the duration of hydroxychloroquine intake: Group 1 (62 patients having duration of hydroxychloroquine intake < 5 years) and Group 2 (25 patients having duration of hydroxychloroquine intake ≥ 5 years). Age and gender-matched healthy volunteers with normal ocular findings were taken as controls. Average, superior, inferior GCC thickness, focal loss volume, and global loss volume were measured by RTvue XR Avanti SD-OCT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average, superior, and inferior GCC thicknesses were significantly reduced in both Group 1 (< 5 years) and Group 2 (≥ 5 years) as compared to controls (p < 0.001). In Group 1, mean GCC values were 94.70 ± 6.34 μm (average), 94.43 ± 6.28 μm (superior), and 94.74 ± 6.81 μm (inferior), while the corresponding values in controls were 99.79 ± 4.61 μm, 99.38 ± 4.63 μm, and 99.97 ± 4.61 μm. Likewise, FLV and GLV in Group 1 were 1.76 ± 2.5% and 4.07 ± 3.27%, significantly higher than in controls (0.72 ± 0.45% and 1.39 ± 1.1%, respectively; p = 0.002 for FLV, p = 0.001 for GLV). Similarly, in Group 2, mean GCC thicknesses were 92.70 ± 6.39 μm (average), 92.44 ± 5.92 μm (superior), and 93.32 ± 7.25 μm (inferior), all significantly lower than in controls (p < 0.001). While GLV was significantly elevated in Group 2 (4.46 ± 4.42%; p-0.003), the difference in FLV (1.23 ± 1.12%) was not statistically significant compared to controls (p-0.077).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Ganglion Cell Complex thickness was significantly thinner in patients taking hydroxychloroquine along with elevated Focal Loss Volume % and Global Loss Volume %. However, no statistically significant correlation was observed between GCC thickness and duration of hydroxychloroquine use.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}