BMC Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Subconjunctival autologous platelet-rich plasma as an adjunctive therapy for limbal-scleral ischemia following acute ocular burns: a prospective randomized pilot trial.","authors":"Mehrnaz Atighehchian, Hamed Ghassemi, Siamak Zarei-Ghanavati, Golshan Latifi, Mehran Zarei-Ghanavati","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05225-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05225-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the feasibility and short-term outcomes of subconjunctival injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as an adjunct to topical PRP for limbal-scleral ischemic area (LSIA) following acute ocular burns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective randomized pilot study included patients with LSIA within three weeks of chemical or thermal ocular burns. Sixteen eyes of 16 patients were randomized using permuted block randomization into two groups. Both groups received standard medical therapy including topical PRP eye drops. The intervention group additionally received a single session of subconjunctival PRP injection. Limbal-scleral ischemic area (LSIA) was quantified using ImageJ. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 3 months was analyzed as a primary outcome. The secondary outcome was change in LSIA size and time to complete revascularization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen eyes of 16 patients (mean age 35.37 ± 11.42 years; all male) were included. Mean BCVA improved from 1.44 ± 0.70 to 1.07 ± 0.95 logMAR (p > 0.05). Baseline LSIA was 57.03 ± 28.68 mm² in Group 1 and 55.83 ± 28.63 mm² in Group 2 (p = 0.916). Complete vascularization and healing occurred in both groups by month three. Mean healing time was 50 days (95% CI: 17.9-82.1) in Group 1 and 44.75 days (95% CI: 20.0-69.5) in Group 2. No injection-related adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Subconjunctival autologous PRP appears feasible and safe as an adjunct to topical PRP in acute ocular burns. However, no significant benefit in LSIA healing was demonstrated, and larger controlled trials are required to determine efficacy.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This clinical trial was retrospectively registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT; registration number: IRCT20231219060471N3 on July 30, 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13479537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of serum C3, C3a, C4 levels between cataract patients with and without pseudoexfoliation and normal individuals.","authors":"Gülce Gökgöz Özışık, Hüseyin Kayadibi, İsmail Çağatay Çağlar, Hasan Basri Çakmak","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05210-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05210-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to compare serum complement C3, C3a, and C4 levels between cataract patients with and without pseudoexfoliation syndrome, and to compare these groups with the control group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>There were three different groups in the study. The total of 150 patients, 50 in each group, were included. Group 1 consisted of cataract patients with pseudoexfoliation, Group 2 consisted of cataract patients without pseudoexfoliation, and Group 3 consisted of healthy individuals. After centrifugation of the blood samples, the serum portion was stored at - 80 °C until the analysis. Complement C3, C3a, and C4 levels were evaluated in these three groups using commercially available sandwich ELISA kits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a statistically significant difference just between Group 1 and Group 2 regarding C4 values. However, after the age correction, this significance was disappeared.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No statistically significant difference in serum complement C3, C3a, and C4 levels was found between cataract patients with and without pseudoexfoliation syndrome after correcting for age. As only serum was evaluated, this finding does not exclude local complement pathway activation within the eye, and should not be read as evidence against a role for complement in pseudoexfoliation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical and functional outcomes and prognostic factors after idiopathic full-thickness macular hole surgery: a single-center retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Armağan Filik, Mısra Şirvanlıoğlu, Gaye Güner, Veysel Aydın, Ruveyda Rumeysa Ateşoğlu, Mertcan Aydın, Hayri Ferhat Budak, Hülya Güngel","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05240-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-05240-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate anatomical and functional outcomes after idiopathic full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) surgery and identify factors associated with anatomical closure and six-month visual outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 74 eyes of 74 patients who underwent primary pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) between June 2014 and November 2025. Surgery was performed with either conventional internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling or temporal inverted ILM flap surgery. Baseline clinical data, optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters, including minimum linear diameter (MLD) and macular hole index (MHI), tamponade type, anatomical outcomes, reoperation status, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were analyzed. Primary anatomical closure was defined as closure after the initial surgery, whereas final anatomical closure was defined as closure at final follow-up, including closure after reoperation. An exploratory adjusted linear regression model evaluated factors associated with six-month BCVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Primary anatomical closure was achieved in 59 eyes (79.7%), and final anatomical closure increased to 64 eyes (86.5%) after reoperation. Median BCVA improved from 1.30 to 0.70 logMAR at postoperative months 3 and 6 (both p < 0.001). Reoperation was performed in 9 eyes with persistent macular hole and achieved closure in 5 eyes (55.6%). Poorer preoperative BCVA was associated with persistent anatomical failure after primary surgery and at final follow-up (p = 0.021 and p = 0.023). Primary surgical technique, MLD category, and MHI category were not associated with anatomical closure. Although eyes treated with temporal inverted ILM flap surgery had poorer preoperative BCVA and a numerically larger MLD, six-month BCVA gain was greater in these eyes in the unadjusted comparison (p = 0.036). However, after adjustment for preoperative BCVA and MLD, surgical technique was not independently associated with six-month postoperative BCVA (p = 0.155). Better preoperative BCVA and smaller MLD were associated with better six-month postoperative BCVA (p = 0.001 and p = 0.021).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Surgery achieved anatomical closure in most eyes and significant six-month visual improvement. Baseline visual acuity and MLD may be clinically relevant markers of postoperative outcome, whereas the apparent unadjusted visual benefit of temporal inverted ILM flap surgery should be interpreted cautiously.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of 1-year fibrosis in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration: the role of baseline OCTA-derived MNV vessel density.","authors":"Yi Lin, Xianggui Zhang, Zhen Huang, Ya Ye, Ming Yan, Yanping Song","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05089-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-05089-w","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate baseline and post-loading optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics associated with 1-year fibrosis in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), and to evaluate whether baseline clinical variables combined with OCTA-derived biomarkers could improve fibrosis prediction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This retrospective, single-center study included treatment-naïve nAMD eyes with type 1 or type 2 macular neovascularization (MNV) that completed a 3 + PRN anti-VEGF loading regimen and had at least 12 months of follow-up. High-quality OCTA images were required at baseline and at the post-loading visit, defined as within 1 week after completion of the three-injection anti-VEGF loading phase. OCTA quantitative parameters, including fractal dimension, branch points, endpoints, segments, and MNV vessel density, were measured within the manually delineated MNV region of interest. Baseline clinical and imaging characteristics were compared between fibrosis and non-fibrosis groups. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with 1-year fibrosis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess predictive performance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 72 patients (88 eyes) were included, of which 31 eyes developed fibrosis at 1 year and 57 did not. Compared with the non-fibrosis group, eyes that developed fibrosis had worse baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), greater baseline central macular thickness (CMT), and a higher prevalence of subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM), retinal hemorrhage, type 2/mixed MNV, high pigment epithelial detachment, and intraretinal fluid. At baseline, the fibrosis group showed significantly higher MNV vessel density, whereas MNV fractal dimension showed a borderline difference. At the post-loading visit, MNV fractal dimension, MNV branch points, MNV endpoints, MNV segments, and MNV vessel density were all significantly higher in the fibrosis group. However, within-group comparisons between baseline and the post-loading visit revealed no significant changes in OCTA parameters in either group. In multivariable analysis, baseline BCVA (OR 1.162, 95% CI 1.024-1.319; P = 0.020), baseline CMT (OR 1.032, 95% CI 1.001-1.064; P = 0.043), and baseline MNV vessel density (OR 1.073, 95% CI 1.009-1.142; P = 0.025) remained independently associated with 1-year fibrosis, whereas SHRM did not. The combined model achieved the best predictive performance, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.787 (95% CI 0.688-0.874).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Eyes with treatment-naïve nAMD that developed fibrosis within 1 year had worse baseline disease status and distinct OCTA microvascular characteristics. Baseline BCVA, baseline CMT, and baseline MNV vessel density were independently associated with fibrosis. Integrating conventional clinical and st","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the application of computerized optokinetic nystagmus analyzer in vision examination.","authors":"Meixia Jiang, Yunyun Sun, Jie Hong, Bowen Zhao, Zhaojun Meng, Nan Ma, Cheng Che, Lanna Zhang, Jing Fu","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05165-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-05165-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the practicability, accuracy, and consistency of the computerized optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) analyzer for visual acuity (VA) measurement.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Cross-sectional consistency evaluation study. A total of 219 subjects (13.48 ± 12.89 years, 115 males, 104 females) underwent bilateral VA testing using a computerized OKN analyzer and a traditional OKN drum. Additionally, 104 subjects (12.58 ± 12.05 years, 54 males, 50 females) were tested bilaterally with the computerized OKN analyzer and a standard logarithmic E chart (random order), including 80 myopic eyes (spherical equivalent [SE] ≤ -0.5 D) and 63 hyperopic eyes (SE ≥ + 0.5 D); VA was recorded in logMAR. Concordance rates between the OKN analyzer and OKN drum were calculated. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the consistency between the OKN analyzer and a standard logarithmic E chart. Subjects completing the lightbox test were stratified by age (3-4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7-18 years, 18-58 years), refractive error, and VA range to compare inter-method correlations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the OKN drum, the computerized OKN analyzer achieved a concordance rate of 74.00% (right eye) and 77.08% (left eye), indicating good agreement. For VA measurements, mean VA (logMAR) of the right eye was 0.24 ± 0.29 (OKN analyzer) vs. 0.24 ± 0.28 (lightbox); left eye was 0.25 ± 0.28 vs. 0.24 ± 0.29. ICC values were 0.92 (right eye) and 0.88 (left eye, both P < 0.001), confirming significant consistency. Bland-Altman analysis showed 95% limits of agreement of -0.228 to 0.233 (right eye) and - 0.266 to 0.293 (left eye). Inter-method consistency improved with age (highest in ≥ 18 years) and was stronger in myopic vs. hyperopic eyes. Notably, correlation weakened as VA improved, with the highest concordance in the 0.1-0.5 decimal VA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The computerized OKN analyzer exhibits favorable reliability and practicability for VA testing in patients aged ≥ 6 years across different refractive errors, with accuracy that appears sufficient for screening and general clinical estimation of VA. However, in very young children (3-4 years) and in eyes with normal VA, agreement with chart‑based VA is limited, and further validation is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13637208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital encephalomeningocele presenting as a giant orbital mass in a neonate: a case report.","authors":"Xiangxiang Chen, Yanyan Ni, Canyang Zhan","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05226-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05226-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital orbital masses encompass a broad spectrum of etiologies, among which encephalomeningocele is exceedingly rare and particularly diagnostically challenging when atypical.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a 2-hour-old female neonate who presented with a giant left orbital mass causing marked proptosis. Imaging revealed a mixed cystic-solid lesion with calcifications and septations, but no bony defect was identified preoperatively. A transcranial approach was performed, revealing a small orbital roof defect with herniation into the anterior cranial fossa. Histopathology confirmed encephalomeningocele. The surgery successfully preserved the globe, although mild lagophthalmos resulted in exposure keratopathy. Follow-up imaging showed a small residual lesion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights that congenital orbital encephalomeningocele can present with atypical features, including a giant lesion with a disproportionately small bone defect that was not detectable on imaging, particularly in neonates. Histopathology is essential for diagnosis, and encephalomeningocele should be considered in the differential diagnosis of congenital orbital masses even when classic imaging findings are lacking.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13540067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defocus incorporated multiple segment spectacle lenses versus orthokeratology lenses for myopia control: a non-inferiority randomised clinical trial.","authors":"Lou-Ann Christensen Andersen, Anna Mejldal, Saranga Sivakumar, Trine Møldrup Jakobsen, Flemming Møller","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05144-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05144-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To determine whether the Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacle lens is non-inferior to Orthokeratology lenses (OKL) in slowing the progression of myopia in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A parallel-group, non-inferiority randomised clinical trial at the University Hospital of Southern Denmark compared the myopia control treatment efficacy of DIMS spectacle lenses with OKL in myopic children aged 6-12 years. Our primary outcome was axial length growth after 18 months of therapy, adjusted for change in central corneal thickness in the OKL group. The participants were allocated to the treatments using centralised computer-generated randomisation. The interpreters were blinded. Non-inferiority was concluded if the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the estimated treatment difference (DIMS - OKL) after 18 months was equal to or below 0.13 mm. In case of non-inferiority, superiority was tested in the same population. Superiority was declared if the upper 95%Cl bound was below zero. Our key secondary outcome was overall eye length growth after 18 months of therapy and was assessed for superiority.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>90 participants were randomised to DIMS spectacle lenses (n = 45) and OKL (n = 45). For the primary outcome, 45 participants were analysed in both the DIMS spectacle lens and OKL groups using an intention-to-treat approach. A per-protocol approach was used for sensitivity analysis. The between-group difference (DIMS - OKL) in axial elongation was -0.05 mm (95% CI -0.13; 0.04) in a mixed model adjusted for covariates: age at baseline, baseline cycloplegic spherical equivalent refractive error, baseline axial length, and number of myopic parents, which is below the non-inferiority margin and above zero. The between-group difference (DIMS - OKL) in overall eye length elongation was -0.04 mm (95% CI -0.12; 0.04). One adverse event was observed in the OKL group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The DIMS spectacle lens was noninferior to OKL for slowing axial elongation after 18 months of therapy in myopic children. The DIMS spectacle lens was not superior to OKL. There was no statistically significant difference in overall eye length growth between the DIMS spectacle lens and OKL after 18 months of therapy in myopic children.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT05134935, 26 November 2021.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13471525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between aqueous humour cytokine and imaging biomarker in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion-Macular Edema.","authors":"Jie Gao, Huiwen Pang, Weijie Zhang, Maojuan Feng, Tao Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05200-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05200-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to examine the relationship between the concentrations of different aqueous humour cytokine and the Central retinal thickness (CRT), the area of the Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and the vascular density of superficial capillary plexus (SCP-VD) in patients with Central Retinal Vein Occlusion-Macular Edema (CRVO-ME) through a prospective clinical investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 20 cases with 20 eyes were included from Linyi Peoples Hospital. OCT and OCTA were employed to examine a 6 mm × 6 mm region in the macula, acquiring CRT, FAZ area, and SCP-VD data. Aqueous humor samples were collected to measure its Interleukin-6(IL-6),Interleukin-8 (IL-8),Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), Placental growth factor (PGF), and Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) level. The correlation between these values of CRT, FAZ area, and SCP-VD in the affected eye were analyzed using statistical Pearson methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CRT of the affected eye in CRVO-ME patients was (572.80 ± 186.57) μm; the SCP-VD was (39.73 ± 1.56) %; and the FAZ area was (0.45 ± 0.06) mm². The concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, VCAM, PGF, and MCP-1 in CRVO-ME patients were (151.16 ± 88.61), (38.63 ± 22.29), (107.72 ± 96.76), (2177.02 ± 2357.69), (76.53 ± 29.48), and (617.69 ± 205.87) pg/ml, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that CRT was significantly positively correlated with the IL-6 and VEGF concentrations (r = 0.450,0.593, p < 0.05); FAZ area was significantly positively correlated with VEGF (r = 0.489, p < 0.05); and SCP-VD was significantly negatively correlated with IL-6 (r = -0.462, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The concentration of intraocular cytokines exhibited a substantial correlation with the macular structure of the macula and the extent of microvascular damage surrounding the macula.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing dry eye disease in primary Sjögren's syndrome using the chronic care model: a single-group pre-post study.","authors":"Jia Xin Liu, Jing Mei Shi, Shuo Zhang, Wen Jing Song","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05104-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05104-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dry eye is the most prevalent ocular complaint among patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome, manifesting as pronounced eye discomfort and frequently complicated by mental disorders including anxiety and depression. Prior research has demonstrated that the chronic care model improves both clinical indicators and psychological status. This study compared changes in clinical parameters and psychological status in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome following a 24-week chronic disease management intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-group pre-post study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China between April 2022 and October 2023. A total of 34 patients diagnosed with primary Sjögren's syndrome were recruited into this study. Questionnaires including the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, treatment compliance, the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice questionnaire, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21, were administered to patients at different follow-up time points. Patients also received objective ocular examinations consisting of Schirmer's test values, Tear Break-Up Time, corneal staining assessed with the NEI scale, and conjunctival staining assessed with the Sicca OSS scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.0, with descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, repeated-measures analysis of variance (with Bonferroni correction), Spearman's rank correlation analysis, and McNemar tests. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 34 patients were enrolled (mean age 56.62 ± 12.16 years; 94.12% female). The primary outcome, Ocular Surface Disease Index score, improved significantly at 12 weeks compared with baseline. Significant changes were also detected in all secondary outcomes: Tear Break-Up Time increased significantly at both 12 and 24 weeks; Schirmer's test results and conjunctival staining grade shifted significantly from moderate to severe to mild or normal at 12 weeks; compliance with all treatment approaches was markedly elevated; the knowledge and practice domains of the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice questionnaire improved greatly; and depression, anxiety, and stress scores declined significantly. All of the above comparisons were statistically significant (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intervention with the chronic care model management program can enhance treatment compliance, elevate patients' Knowledge-Attitude-Practice levels and psychological status, and potentially relieve dry eye-related symptoms among patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Retrospectively registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( https://www.chrictr.org.cn/ ) on March 26, 2025, ChiCTR2500099615.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision screening in pre-school children in Asmara, Eritrea.","authors":"Samuel Tesfamichael Kibrom, Mengis Tesfamariam Fisshaye, Yohannes Solomon Ghebremedhin, Tsige Mnasie Smret","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05206-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05206-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preschool-aged children with vision problems are at a critical period of visual development and screening could identify and lead to treatments that could improve vision. So, this study conducted vision screening and identified the common vision and eye problems in this age group for early management.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Cluster sampling was used in selecting the regions of Biet Mekae and Villagio randomly to be the samples of the city. All the children from the two communities under the age of 5 years were included. Additionally, another set of tests were conducted on the children, who were referred for failing one or more of the tests to correctly diagnose their condition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 662 children, out of which 12.1% failed the tests and were referred for further investigation. Among those referred, 12.5% were found to be false positives, 26.25% were drop outs, and the rest 61.25% were diagnosed with different conditions. VKC was found in 10% of the referred children, allergic conjunctivitis in 21.25%, strabismus was found in 15%, bacterial conjunctivitis in 2.5%, corneal ulcer in 2.5%, NLDO in 3.75%, and the remaining 6.25% phoria, blepharitis, dacryocytitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that, vision problems and eye diseases which may lead to a more serious level of irreversible visual impairment later in life are common in pre-school children. Moreover, vision screening examination testability was highest in the age group 3-5 years, so interventions could be made more efficient by concentrating in this age group.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13459252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}