BMC Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Exploring leukocyte differential count ratio profiles as inflammatory biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ohisa Harley, Yufilia Suci Amelia, Elsa Gustianty, Nanny N M Soetedjo, Arief S Kartasasmita","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04075-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04075-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is increasingly prevalent and a major cause of irreversible blindness, particularly in developing countries. Limited access to ophthalmologists often leads to delayed diagnosis, emphasizing the need for more affordable and widely accessible screening methods to facilitate early identification. Recently, several studies have demonstrated variability in findings regarding the relationship between leukocyte differential count ratio biomarkers and DR. This study aims to investigate the association between leukocyte differential count ratios-NLR (Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio), PLR (Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio), MLR (Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio), and SII (Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index)-and the stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across several databases up to September 2024, with a focus on identifying studies examining the relationship between the leukocyte differential count ratio profiles and diabetic retinopathy. Review Manager was used to conduct the meta-analyses. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used to assess the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 38 studies were included in the systematic review and 27 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The mean differences in the NLR and PLR values were significantly different among the groups and were higher in the PDR group (0.68 (95%CI 0.42-0.95, p < 0.05) and 19.57 (95%CI 10.68-28.46, p < 0.05; respectively). These findings were followed by significant differences in SII value 202.53 (95% CI 196.19-208.86, p < 0.05). Moreover, the MLR values were not significantly different among the groups (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NLR, PLR, and SII are associated with both the presence and progression of DR, with increasing levels of NLR and PLR reflecting a higher risk and severity of the disease. However, it is still necessary to justify the need to combine them with other clinical parameters to confirm the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12044949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of choroidal vascularity index in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: impact of silicone-oil vs. gas tamponade following pars plana vitrectomy.","authors":"Ece Ozal, Serhat Ermis, Murat Karapapak, Omer Faruk Canli, Sadık Altan Ozal","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04076-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-04076-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of silicone oil (SO) and perfluoropropane gas (C3F8) tamponade on the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 106 patients (212 eyes) with macula-off RRD who underwent PPV with either SO (n = 60) or C3F8 gas (n = 46) tamponade. CVI and other choroidal parameters, including luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA), total choroidal area (TCA), and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), were evaluated using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and compared between operated and fellow healthy eyes at postoperative months 1 and 3. In addition, direct comparisons were made between SO- and gas-treated eyes to assess the differential impact of tamponade type on choroidal metrics. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate associations between CVI and clinical variables such as preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), age, sex, surgical type, and tamponade type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in CVI, LA, SA, or TCA were observed between operated and fellow eyes in either the SO or gas groups. Likewise, CVI values did not differ significantly between postoperative months 1 and 3 or between tamponade groups (p > 0.05). However, LA, SA, and TCA were significantly higher in SO-treated eyes than in gas-treated eyes at both follow-up visits (p < 0.05). SFCT significantly increased at month 1 in gas-treated eyes compared to fellow eyes (p < 0.001), but this difference was not significant by month 3. Conversely, SFCT was significantly lower in SO-treated eyes than in fellow eyes at both time points and continued to decrease following SO removal. The multiple linear regression analyses revealed no statistically significant associations between CVI values and preoperative BCVA, age, sex, surgical type, or tamponade type at either postoperative month 1 or month 3 (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CVI values did not significantly differ between eyes treated with SO and gas tamponade, nor did they correlate significantly with postoperative visual outcomes. Although CVI provides valuable insights into choroidal health, it may not serve as a strong predictor of visual recovery in the early postoperative period. Larger, prospective studies are needed to further explore the long-term effects of different tamponade agents on choroidal vascularity and visual outcomes.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing myopic refraction reduces random dot stereopsis in Chinese myopic patients: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Xin Xiao, Xiyang Yang, Yan Luo, Lili Li, Enwei Lin, Min Kong, Qi Chen, Jin Zeng, Li Yan, Wuqiang Luo","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04098-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-04098-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of myopic spherical equivalent (SE) on random dot stereopsis and influencing factors in Chinese adults with myopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional design was employed, and 988 Chinese myopic individuals (520 [52.6%] females) aged 18.0-48.7 years were recruited from the People's Hospital of Guangxi. The participants underwent assessments for visual acuity, myopic SE, random dot stereopsis at 0.8 m (RDS0.8) and at 1.5 m (RDS1.5) and binocular function parameters (such as perceptual eye position (PEP), fixational eye movement, and the signal‒noise ratio (SNR)). The data were analysed via Pearson or Spearman correlations and multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 988 participants, only 53 (5.4%) presented with abnormal RDS0.8, and 834 (84.4%) presented with abnormal RDS1.5. A significant association was found between SE and the prevalence of abnormal RDS1.5 (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.03-1.26; P = 0.014) after adjusting for covariates. High myopia was more strongly associated with abnormal RDS1.5 than mild myopia was in the unadjusted model (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.03-3.26; P = 0.037). Subgroup analyses revealed that the associations between SE and abnormal RDS1.5 were stronger among females, individuals aged > 25 years, those with normal fixational eye movement, and those with abnormal SNRs. Only vertical PEP (target 1°) was significantly associated with myopic group and abnormal RDS0.8, whereas vertical PEP (target 3°), horizontal PEP (target 1°), and vertical PEP (target 1°) were significantly associated with abnormal RDS1.5.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Myopic SE was associated with the prevalence of abnormal random dot stereopsis at 1.5 m in myopic patients, indicating that increasing myopic SE may impair distance random dot stereopsis in this population.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral optic neuropathy in Krukenberg tumor treated with FOLFOX plus nivolumab: a case report.","authors":"Junwoo Lee, Jaehwan Choi, Min Seok Kang, Seung-Young Yu, Kiyoung Kim","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04102-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-04102-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A combination of FOLFOX and nivolumab is a first-line treatment for HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer, significantly improving survival. However, this regimen is associated with potential neurotoxicity. 5-Fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in FOLFOX have been linked to optic neuropathy, whereas nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, may cause immune-related optic neuropathy. Although FOLFOX plus nivolumab provides considerable survival benefits, careful monitoring for ocular complications is essential. We report a case of bilateral optic neuropathy in a patient who received FOLFOX plus nivolumab. Despite discontinuation of chemotherapy and treated with high-dose corticosteroid pulse therapy, the patient's symptoms did not improve.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 48-year-old woman with a Krukenberg tumor developed progressive bilateral visual impairment during treatment with FOLFOX plus nivolumab. Her ophthalmologic history included branch retinal vein occlusion in the right eye but no systemic diseases. She presented with bilateral central scotomas and visual field defects. On examination, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/40 in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye, with bilateral optic disc swelling and hemorrhage. Fluorescein angiography confirmed optic disc leakage, and a visual evoked potential (VEP) test indicated axonal loss. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) ruled out metastatic disease, and autoimmune markers were negative. High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone was administered, and chemotherapy was discontinued. Despite initial stabilization, vision deteriorated, ultimately progressing to light perception in both eyes. Repeated steroid pulse therapy failed to improve outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the potential for severe bilateral optic neuropathy associated with FOLFOX plus nivolumab, leading to irreversible vision loss. These findings suggest that close ophthalmologic monitoring is warranted in patients receiving FOLFOX plus nivolumab for early recognition of bilateral visual impairment. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms and identify agents responsible for the development of optic neuropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular pressure correlation to progressive retinal nerve fiber layer loss in primary open angle glaucoma as measured by standard and modified goldmann applanation tonometers.","authors":"Sean McCafferty, Manjool Shah, Anupam Laul, Khin Kilgore","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04060-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-04060-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Characterize the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) as measured by standard and modified Goldmann prisms and the progressive loss of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in a cohort of glaucoma patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;Retrospective cross-sectional cohort data analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants: &lt;/strong&gt;The study included all patients from a database of 1927 eyes, 966 patients with same visit sequential standard and modified Goldmann IOP measurements. From the database, 148 eyes, 75 patients met the inclusion criteria of a diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) with at least 5 sequential quality optical coherence tomographer (OCT) measurements.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Sequential OCT images were obtained with the spectral domain Zeiss OCT5000. Participants were all diagnosed with POAG by untreated IOP ≥ 22, disk changes, and visual field (HVF) loss consistent with glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON). Included were 575 Goldmann IOP measurements with standard and modified prisms affixed to the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) armature. A modified prism includes a corneal conforming applanation surface minimizing the cornea's contribution to the IOP measurement. The study included a total of 940 OCT visits with an average of 6.3 visits per eye over an average of 4.9 years. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) loss rate was calculated by serial linear fit of average RNFL thickness measurements. Demographics as well as central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal hysteresis (CH) data were also collected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Outcome measures: &lt;/strong&gt;Pearson correlation coefficients and random coefficient models were used to evaluate the relationship between mean standard and modified IOP measurements and RNFL thickness measurements over time in POAG subjects. Secondary outcomes of CCT and CH correlation to RNFL were similarly analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;For all 148 POAG eyes, the overall rate of RNFL loss for an average standard GAT IOP of 17.9 mmHg was 1.08 µm per year (p = 0.002). Each 1-mmHg increase in standard GAT IOP was associated with an additional RNFL loss of 0.047 µm per year (r = 0.153, p = 0.06). Each 1-mmHg increase in modified GAT IOP was associated with an additional RNFL loss of 0.084 µm per year (r = 0.289, p = 0.0005). A modified prism IOP measurement ≥ 22 mmHg indicates a 2.57 times greater probability of significant RNFL loss than a standard prism IOP measurement ≥ 22 mmHg, p &lt; 0.0001.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Higher levels of GAT IOP during follow-up were related to higher rates of progressive RNFL loss detected by optic nerve OCT in treated POAG. A modified GAT prism surface demonstrates a significantly increased sensitivity, reliability and differentiation to progressive RNFL loss when compared to a standard GAT prism measured IOP. PRéCIS: A modified applanation surface prism with a corneal conforming shape used on a Goldmann tonometer a","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective study of posterior vitreous detachment in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy referred to Rasoul Akram hospital in 2022-2023.","authors":"Mina Rabbani, Mostafa Soltan Sanjari, Ali Sadeghi, Hanieh Neshastesaz, Zahra Rabbani, Salar Khiabani","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04099-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-04099-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous studies have provided evidence that non-arterial ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), vitreous traction, and posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) may be related; However, a detailed description of the predictive features of PVD in these patients has been provided in a few studies so far. By conducting this study, we decided to take a positive step in clarifying the pathophysiology of the relationship between the two disorders and increasing the patient's quality of life through early detection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this descriptive cross-sectional study, after obtaining the necessary permits from the Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences, the information in the clinical records of patients with ischemic optic neuropathy referred to Rasoul Akram Hospital from March 2022 to December 2023 was analyzed. Exclusion criteria included having diabetes, intraocular bleeding, intraocular inflammation, and a history of eye trauma or surgery. Moreover, patient information including age, gender, presence of papillary edema, optic atrophy, intracranial pressure (ICP) rise, and presence of PVD was extracted from the file. At the end, the data collected from the patients was entered into the statistical software SPSS version 26 and employed Chi-square tests for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PVD was seen in 18 patients (18.9%) out of 95 patients evaluated. A statistically significant relationship was seen only between the age group of patients with the presence of PVD (P = 0.028); In this way, with increasing age, the percentage of PVD from 0.0% in the age group below 18 years, to 7.1% in the age group 18-38 years, to 26.2% in the age group 38-58 years and to 7. 35% was significantly increased in the age group of 58 years respectively. Meanwhile, no statistically significant relationship was found between other variables including gender, the presence of papillary edema, optic atrophy, and ICP rise with the presence of PVD (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with optic nerve ischemic neuropathy, the incidence of PVD increases significantly with age. Therefore, to find a causal relationship between PVD and optic nerve ischemic neuropathy, an age-related factor should be sought. Hence, future research should be designed and implemented to compare the mechanism of PVD and non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) at the same time in different age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12044946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the outcomes of inferonasal ahmed valve implantation using the double scleral tunnel technique in refractory glaucoma.","authors":"Mahmut Asfuroglu, Cenk Zeki Fikret","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04089-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-04089-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of inferonasal quadrant (IN) Ahmed Valve implantation (AVI) using the double scleral tunnel technique in patients who had previously failed glaucoma surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective comparative study included data from 69 patients diagnosed with refractory glaucoma who were followed in a tertiary referral hospital. The IN-AVI group included 35 patients who underwent IN-AVI after failed trabeculectomy or superotemporal quadrant (ST) AVI, and the ST-AVI group included 34 patients who underwent primary ST-AVI. The primary outcome was to analyse the surgical success rate, the secondary outcome was to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in the IN-AVI and ST-AVI groups at 1-year postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant reduction in IOP was observed after IN-AVI at 1-year postoperatively (p < 0.001). The overall success rate was 88.6%. IN-AVI after failed trabeculectomy didn't differ from primary ST-AVI in terms of IOP reduction. IN-AVI after failed ST-AVI showed a lower IOP reduction compared to primary ST-AVI (p = 0.003). No tube exposure was observed at 1-year postoperatively using the double scleral tunnel technique.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with refractory glaucoma, IN-AVI after failed trabeculectomy was as effective as the primary ST-AVI. Although IN-AVI after failed ST-AVI was effective in reducing IOP, it was significantly less effective than the primary ST-AVI. The prior failure of a trabeculectomy had no impact on the success of AVI. Conversely, a second AVI was less efficacious than the primary AVI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12039285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orbital mesenchymal chondrosarcoma and its specific fusion gene HEY1-NCOA2.","authors":"Jia-Qi Lin, Xun Liu, Jin-Zhi Zhao, Qing Wang, Li-Min Zhu, Ting-Ting Lin","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04082-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-04082-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is an uncommon type of malignant soft tissue tumor. The skeleton is the most common site of MC. Extraosseous sarcoma is rare, especially that of the orbit. Fusion gene HEY1-NCOA2 has diagnostic significance for MC, but there is a lack of research on its related pathways. To analyze the characteristics of orbital mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC), and search for HEY1-NCOA2-related pathways in orbital MCs, four cases of orbital MC were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 2018 to December 2022, four MC patients hospitalized at Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital were collected for a retrospective series of case studies. HEY1-NCOA2 of the assay specimens was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemical staining was performed for representative proteins of the relevant pathways. For figure modification and statistical analysis, GraphPad Prism 8.0 (La Jolla, CA, USA) was utilized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four orbital MC were reported. Among the 4 ligible MC specimens, two were HEY1-NCOA2-positive and two were HEY1-NCOA2-negative. Immunohistochemistry showed stronger expression of COL2A1, APC, CD99, and Bcl2 in HEY1-NCOA2-positive samples than in HEY1-NCOA2-negative MCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We summarized the clinical features, treatments, and prognosis of orbital MC, including our cases and the literature. The expression of COL2A1 and Bcl2 is elevated in HEY1-NCOA2-positive tissues, and they promote tumor cell growth by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and drug resistance. For HEY1-NCOA2-positive patients, given the high expression of CD99, drugs targeting the MAPK pathway may be an effective treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12039006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased intraocular pressure as the first presenting sign of Miller Fisher syndrome.","authors":"Guangpeng Chen, Chenchen Li, Jiale Peng, Yalong Dang, Cheng Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04088-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-04088-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a rare triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. There have been few reports of acute angle-closure glaucoma induced by MFS in the literature. However, acute elevation of intraocular pressure in open angle glaucoma induced by MFS has not been reported.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 55-year-old male patient with open-angle glaucoma was admitted to the ophthalmology department due to ocular pain, moderate dilation of the pupils, and an acute increase in intraocular pressure. During diagnosis and treatment, neurofunctional deficits such as ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia were presented. The blood ganglioside antibody panel was positive for anti-GQ1b IgG, and Miller Fisher syndrome was diagnosed. The symptoms gradually improved after intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. After 3 months of follow-up, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia completely resolved, the patient's intraocular pressure stabilized at baseline, and his pupils returned to normal bilaterally.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first case report of open-angle glaucoma with acute IOP elevation as the first symptom of Miller Fisher syndrome. The mechanism may be due to damage to the trabecular meshwork or maintenance of intraocular pressure, which results in acute intraocular pressure elevation in patients with preexisting open-angle glaucoma when the pupil dilates. Clinicians should be aware of the autonomic dysfunction caused by MFS, dilated pupils, and sudden increases in intraocular pressure, regardless of angle status.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12039070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thinning of maximum ciliary body thickness: a potential early indicator for pseudophakic malignant glaucoma in primary angle closure glaucoma.","authors":"Yong Jie Qin, Fu Long Luo, Jin Zeng, Yu Lin Zhang, Wen Juan Xie, Yan Lei Chen, Sun On Chan, Hong Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04100-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-04100-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pseudophakic malignant glaucoma (PMG) is an uncommon but severe postoperative complication that poses a significant threat to vision. Early detection of PMG in patients with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is imperative for effective intervention. This study sought to determine whether specific morphometric indicators could predict the onset of PMG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was performed on data collected from June 2016 to May 2023. The study population comprised PACG patients who developed PMG after phacoemulsification, with a control group of eyes that did not. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was employed to measure the central anterior chamber depth (ACD), trabecular-ciliary process angle (TCA), and ciliary body thickness at multiple points (CBTmax, CBT0, CBT1000), as well as the anterior placement of the ciliary body (APCB). These measurements were taken at three distinct phases: pre-onset, onset, and 6 months following PMG resolution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study encompassed 60 eyes from 60 patients, with baseline characteristics showing no significant differences between the groups. Following lens extraction, a notable increase in CBTmax, CBT0, and TCA was observed in matched eyes, but not detected in those that developed PMG. At pre-onset of PMG, a significant reduction in CBTmax was identified exclusively in eyes that later exhibited PMG (0.87 ± 0.09 mm vs. 0.95 ± 0.09 mm, P = 0.001), when compared to the matched eyes. The resolution of PMG through zonulo-hyaloido-vitrectomy was associated with an increase in ACD, CBTmax, CBT0, and TCA. Notably, the pre-onset CBTmax was the sole parameter to exhibit significant prognostic value for PMG development (0.74 [95% CI, 0.61-0.87], P = 0.001), nearly matching the predictive accuracy during PMG attack (0.86 [95% CI, 0.76-0.96], P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A reduction in ciliary body thickness, particularly CBTmax, appears to be a pre-existing condition in eyes that develop PMG from PACG. This parameter holds promise as a sensitive early predictor, potentially improving the timeliness of PMG diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12036250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}