BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Deleting fis downregulates virulence and effectively protects Pasteurella multocida infection in mice.","authors":"Zhijie Wang, Siyu Liu, Muhan Xie, Zhengchun Lang, Xuan Zhang, Liang Luo, Guangfu Zhao, Nengzhang Li, Yuanyi Peng","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04769-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04769-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is an important pathogen causing various diseases in both domestic and wild animals. The factor for inversion stimulation (Fis) is a nucleoid-associated protein with diverse functions in various bacteria, which positively regulate the transcription of capsular glycosaminoglycan genes in P. multocida. However, the precise mechanistic understanding of how the fis regulate virulence of P. multocida remains largely unknown. In this study, we discovered that fis transcript levels of P. multocida CQ2, serotype A (PmCQ2) were significantly increased in vivo, and showed a positive correlation with the capsule and virulence of P. multocida. To further understand how the fis regulated P. multocida pathogenesis, a homologous recombination strategy was used to generate fis-deleted strain. Then, the growth velocity, virulence characteristics, immune/inflammatory responses, and the survival rates of challenged mice were determined. The findings revealed that the presence of fis promoted the growth, regulated synthesis of capsule and biofilm of PmCQ2, and helped to resist phagocytosis by macrophages. Notably, we firstly demonstrated that Fis determined whether P. multocida can use bound iron ion for its survival. Consequently, the loss of fis greatly restricted P. multocida pathogenicity, as evidenced by reducing tissue bacterial loads as well as inflammatory factors levels. Moreover, the fis deletion strain was endowed with strong cross immunoprotected properties against P. multocida serotype A and B. Thus, these results suggested the pathogenic role of fis in P. multocida and proposed that fis deletion strain could be used as an attenuated vaccine candidate against P. multocida of serotype A and B.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12057170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1(FHV-1) in feline calicivirus (FCV) coinfected specimens.","authors":"Huanqin Zheng, Hong Yue, Baoyan Wang, Xin Yu, Yang Liu, Jiayu Yu, Jianlong Zhang, Kexue Han, Yinuo Han, Hanfeng Su, Hongwei Zhu, Xingxiao Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04786-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04786-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV) are the most common viral pathogens of feline respiratory disease and are highly prevalent in cats worldwide. Coinfection with these viruses is frequent in cats with feline respiratory disease complex (FRDC). It is difficult to isolate pure FHV-1 by conventional laboratory cell culture methods from specimens with FRDC, which brings great trouble to the epidemiological investigation of FHV-1.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>FCV polyclonal antibodies were obtained by immunizing rabbits, and the coinfected specimens were neutralized with FCV polyclonal antibodies. Then, virus isolation was performed. After several rounds of neutralization, FHV-1 was finally obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The FCV polyclonal antibody was successfully obtained with neutralizing activities of 1:128, 1:537, and 1:91. After virus neutralization, the FHV-1 was successfully isolated from the coinfected cell culture suspension and confirmed by immunofluorescence and QRT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, all FHV-1 present in the coinfection samples were isolated, without any cross-contamination. This method is also theoretically suitable for the isolation and purification of other FCV coinfections or contaminating disease substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12057004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a new method of selective dry cow treatment using microbiological culture and antibiogram results.","authors":"Hossein Navaei, Mehdi Vodjgani, Babak Khoramian, Vahid Akbarinejad, Faramarz Gharagozloo, Massoud Talebkhan Garoussi, Amir Momeni","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04767-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04767-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to financial issues and the rise in antimicrobial resistance, updating dry cow therapy (DCT) methods is still being researched by scientists worldwide. This investigation aimed to evaluate a new method of selective treatment by choosing an appropriate dry cow antimicrobial product for each cow based on the individual culture and antibiogram results and examining its effects on clinical and subclinical mastitis indices, cure rate, new infection rate, and milk yield during the first 30 days in milk (DIM).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 291 Holstein dairy cows were selected from three herds. These cows had a somatic cell count (SCC) > 200,000 (cells/mL) just before drying off, had positive composite milk culture results, and were gradually dried over five days. The milk samples were taken before drying off and on the day after calving (1 DIM) for microbial culture evaluation, as well as 3 days before drying off and between 3 and 7 days postpartum to evaluate SCC. The cows were randomly divided into two groups of control (n = 151) and treatment (n = 140). The control group included cows that were treated with dry cow antimicrobial products regardless of the pathogens involved in mammary infection, and the treatment group contained cows that received dry cow antimicrobial products based on the type of pathogen isolated during culture and the antibiogram results before drying off.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that the cure rate in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group (P = 0.0006). In addition, the rate of new intramammary infections (IMI, P = 0.0006) and the rate of clinical mastitis (P = 0.015) decreased in the first 30 DIM in the treatment group. Nevertheless, the SCC and milk yield at the onset of subsequent lactation did not differ significantly between the control and treatment groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the findings of our study, based on individual milk culture and antibiogram results, selectively treating cows with appropriate dry cow antimicrobial products had significant benefits for increasing the cure rate of pathogens, lowering the incidence of new IMIs, and minimizing the risk of clinical mastitis in the first 30 DIM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"322"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12057017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From in vitro development to accessible luminal interface of neonatal bovine-derived intestinal organoids.","authors":"Gerald D Dykstra, Minae Kawasaki, Claire R Burbick, Craig S McConnel, Yoko M Ambrosini","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04773-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04773-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intestinal organoids provide physiologically relevant in vitro models that bridge the gap between conventional cell culture and animal studies. Although these systems have been developed for adult cattle, their use in neonatal calves-who are particularly vulnerable to enteric disease-has not been well established. Neonatal diarrhea remains a major health concern in modern agriculture, yet age-appropriate models for studying its pathogenesis are lacking. Given that host-pathogen interactions vary with developmental stage, there is a need for culture systems that reflect the distinct biology of the neonatal gut. In this study, we developed intestinal organoids and organoid-derived monolayers from 14-day-old dairy calves to enable research on early-life intestinal function and disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Organoids were successfully established from five intestinal sections of 14-day-old dairy calves using customized growth media and characterized by immunofluorescence and gene expression analyses. They remained viable for over 300 days of cryopreservation and were serially passaged at least 15 times. Rectal organoid-derived monolayers were further assessed by electron microscopy and barrier function assays, demonstrating stable transepithelial electrical resistance and controlled paracellular permeability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Optimized methods for adult bovine intestinal organoids and rectal organoid-derived monolayers are applicable to neonatal intestinal epithelial stem cells. Organoids cultured from 14-day-old calves captured key aspects of the multicellularity and functionality of the native epithelium. Future work should focus on adapting monolayer culture methods for additional gut regions, particularly the proximal gastrointestinal tract. Neonatal rectal monolayers represent a promising platform for advancing veterinary research, agricultural innovation, and studies of zoonotic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12054211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hands-free radiographic canine hip distraction view with applied force monitoring.","authors":"Santana A, Alves-Pimenta S, Martins J, Cabral P, Tomé I, Colaço B, Morais J, Ferreira A, Ginja M","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04791-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04791-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD) is a prevalent orthopedic disorder in dogs, primarily characterized by hip joint laxity, which may lead to osteoarthritis and mobility impairments. Radiographic assessment, using the distraction view (DV) is considered the gold standard for evaluating hip laxity (HL). Veterinary professionals should take precautions to reduce exposure to ionizing radiation and its harmful effects. This study aims to compare the hip laxity of the DV obtained through manual restraining, with similar views using the positioning holder device PosUTAD, with an incorporated applied force monitoring system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this prospective study, 59 dogs (118 joints) were x-rayed using the hip DV twice, one using manual restraint and another using the PosUTAD modified (Mod) holder device. The force to maintain the hips under stress ranged from 17.15 to 44.1 N, 21.0 ± 5.0 N. The mean distraction index (DI) in the pairs of radiographs was similar for manual 0.42 ± 0.11 and holder restraining 0.43 ± 0.12 (P > 0.05, Paired t-test), with the maximum DI difference of 0.12. The Bland-Altman analysis shows a good scatter of DI differences distribution with limits of the agreement between -0.10 and 0.10. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.90, with the inferior limit of the confidence interval of 0.86 (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The PosUTAD Mod allows a reliable alternative technique to obtain the hip DV and avoids exposure of personnel to ionizing radiation. However, using the PosUTAD Mod device requires more specialized human resources, as the experience of an assistant to fix the PosUTAD Mod under adequate force is necessary for the success of the technique. It should also be added that it is a slightly more time-consuming technique, so it will only be an option when veterinary professionals' exposure to ionizing radiation is not allowed or is valued.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12051307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A strain of Lactobacillus plantarum from piglet intestines enhances the anti-PoRV effect via the STING-IFN-I pathway.","authors":"Anqi Sun, Xin Shan, Ruihan Liu, Zhengxu Tang, Jingshu Huang, Shihan Zhang, Lihong Bian, Yumeng Shi, Zixuan Liu, Jingtao Hu, Chunfeng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04766-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04766-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rotavirus infection represents a major etiology of severe diarrheal disease in neonatal and weaned piglets, causing substantial economic burdens to the global swine industry. Lactobacillus plantarum, a ubiquitous probiotic in natural ecosystems, has demonstrated multifaceted biological functions. The stimulator of the interferon gene (STING) is involved in type I interferon (IFN-I) mediated host antiviral innate immunity, which is a pivotal adaptor in response to the microbial DNA/RNA-activated signaling pathways. Emerging evidence suggests that certain probiotic strains can activate the STING-dependent pathway to induce IFN-I responses. In the present study, we successfully isolated a strain of Lactobacillus plantarum (designated LP1)from porcine intestinal contents and investigate its potential to counteract porcine rotavirus (PoRV) infection via modulation of antiviral signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>LP1 exhibited superior tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions (pH 3.0 and 0.3% bile salts) compared with other isolated Lactobacillus strains. In vitro adhesion assays demonstrated that LP1effectively colonized porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) without inducing cytotoxicity or apoptosis. Animal experiments also confirmed the protective effect of LP1 in mice against rotavirus, by reducing body weight loss, promoting viral clearance in feces, and alleviating intestinal mucosal damage. Mechanistic investigations identified STING-IRF3 pathway activation as the pivotal antiviral mechanism. Both phosphorylation of STING and IRF3 in LP1-treated IPEC-J2 cells accompanied by upregulated transcription and secretion of IFN-β and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Consistent findings were observed in intestinal tissues of LP1-protected mice with STING pathway activation correlating with reduction in viral titers. Crucially, STING inhibitor (C-170) administration could reverse LP1-mediated antiviral effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LP1 exerts potent anti-PoRV activity in both murine models and porcine intestinal epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells through STING-IRF3 signaling axis-mediated IFN-β production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic analyses in Cavalier King Charles spaniels identify loci associated with clinical signs of Chiari-like malformation and Syringomyelia.","authors":"Courtney R Sparks, Jonah N Cullen, Michael W Vandewege, Meghan Leber, Katie M Minor, Steven G Friedenberg, Natasha J Olby","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04754-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04754-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chiari-like malformations (CM) and syringomyelia (SM) are common in Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCS) leading to variable manifestations of pain and scratch. Inheritance studies suggest a polygenic mode of inheritance and association studies have identified loci associated with the presence of SM on MRI. Given the poor correlation of clinical signs of CMSM with MRI findings, we hypothesized that an association study with clinical signs as the phenotype could reveal new loci of interest. The objectives of this study were to perform genome-wide association studies on CKCS using SM and clinical sign phenotypes of pain and scratch and to use whole genome sequencing (WGS) to identify variants in regions of interest. We collected DNA on 174 CKCS. Owners completed questionnaires to establish the clinical pain and scratch phenotype and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to identify CM and SM (linear T2 hyperintensity greater than 2 mm in height) in all dogs. Dogs were genotyped using the Axiom K9 HD (710,000 snps) array. GWAS analyses were performed using GEMMA and categorical and quantitative approaches were used to define clinical phenotypes. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 high-throughput sequencing system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no regions associated with SM presence. The presence of signs of pain and scratch was associated with a region on Canis familiaris autosome (CFA) 26 downstream of ZWINT, previously associated with skull changes in CKCS with SM, although genome-wide significance was not reached. Loci were also associated with quantitative pain and scratch scores on CFA 13, 2 and 38. There were 66 variants that segregated with phenotype including 2 missense variants that were predicted to have moderate effects on ZWINT function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The identification of a locus on CFA26 using the clinical phenotype of pain and scratch that coincided with a locus identified in a morphological study provides strong support for this as a region of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moniezia benedeni infection promoting ICOS⁺ T cell proliferation in sheep (Ovis aries) small intestine.","authors":"Baoshan Wang, Wanling Yao, LiLan Zhang, Lidong Jiang, Jing Pan, Wenzhu Chai, Zhen Huang, Sihan Zuo, Zhenpeng Li, Yanming Wei, Wangdong Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04761-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04761-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cellular immunity mechanisms play a crucial role in regulating anti-parasite immunity. ICOS is one of the core factors of multitype T cell subsets involved in the regulation of immune homeostasis. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the distribution patterns of ICOS⁺ T cells in the small intestine of sheep and determine the impact of Moniezia benedeni (M. benedeni) infection on these cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a sheep pET-28a-ICOS recombinant plasmid was constructed, and the recombinant protein was obtained through induced expression in BL21 (DE3) cells. Furthermore, a rabbit polyclonal antibody against sheep ICOS was produced. The expression of ICOS in the sheep small intestine was analyzed using immunofluorescence and ELISA, comparing the results before and after M. benedeni infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that the purified recombinant ICOS protein had the anticipated size (14.2 kDa). The rabbit anti-sheep ICOS polyclonal antibody showed good specificity and a titer of 1:128,000. ELISA results indicated a significant increase in ICOS expression in all segments of the small intestine after M. benedeni infection (P < 0.05). The ileum exhibited the most substantial increase in expression (P < 0.001), followed by the jejunum (P < 0.05) and duodenum (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that ICOS⁺ T cells are diffusely distributed in the intestinal epithelium and around the intestinal glands in the lamina propria of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of sheep. Moreover, after being infected with M. benedeni, the number of ICOS⁺ T cells in all intestinal segments significantly increases (P < 0.05), with the most significant increase in the intestinal epithelium of the duodenum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that M. benedeni infection in sheep can stimulate the proliferation of ICOS⁺ T cells in the small intestine. This lays the foundation for future research on the role of ICOS⁺ T cells in regulating cellular immunity against parasitic infections in different segments of the small intestine.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and genetic diversity of porcine rotavirus A from diarrheic piglets in Northern Thailand.","authors":"Nutthawadee Jampanil, Pattara Khamrin, Kattareeya Kumthip, Thitapa Longum, Zhenfeng Xie, Arpaporn Yodmeeklin, Panuwat Yamsakul, Aphisek Kongkaew, Yuki Akari, Satoshi Komoto, Shoko Okitsu, Hiroshi Ushijima, Niwat Maneekarn","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04776-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04776-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rotavirus A (RVA) is an important pathogen causing acute viral gastroenteritis in young children and various animals. RVA is also recognized as a common cause of gastroenteritis in piglets. Epidemiological studies of porcine RVA (PoRVA) conducted in different settings worldwide reported that the prevalence of PoRVA infection ranged from 9.4% to 74.0% with the predominance of G4P[6], G4P[7], and G5P[7] genotypes. In Thailand, long-term epidemiological surveillance of PoRVA infection is limited. Continuous monitoring of PoRVA infection is required to gain a better understanding the prevalence and evolution of PoRVA. In this study, the prevalence and genetic diversity of PoRVA were investigated by screening of 1,260 stool samples collected from 0 to 5-week-old piglets with acute diarrhea during 2016 to 2023 by using real-time RT-PCR. The G- and P-genotypes of RVA were identified by characterization of the partial VP7 and VP4 genes by using multiplex-PCR, nucleotide sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 303 out of 1,260 (24.0%) samples were positive for PoRVA. Overall, the G5P[23] (28.7%) and G4P[23] (28.4%) were detected as the co-predominant PoRVA genotypes, followed by G5P[13] (9.9%), G3P[23] (9.6%), G9P[23] (8.2%), G4P[13] (7.9%), G9P[13] (3.3%), G3P[13] (1.7%), G4P[6] (1.7%), and G2P[23] (0.3%) genotypes. Additionally, a rare G2P[27] (0.3%) genotype re-emerged approximately 22 years after the initial detection in 2000 in Chiang Mai, Thailand.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results revealed the prevalence of wide variety of PoRVA genotypes circulating in piglets with acute diarrhea in Thailand over a study period of seven years. Of these, G5P[23] and G4P[23] emerged as the most predominant genotypes, which were substantially different from previous reports in the same geographical area. The findings offer valuable contribution to a better understanding of molecular epidemiology and evolution of PoRVA in piglets with acute diarrhea.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12046793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participatory modeling meets African swine fever - Systems Thinking in action.","authors":"Lisa Rogoll, Katja Schulz, Jana Schulz","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04747-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04747-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Despite concerted efforts to control the disease, African swine fever (ASF) continues to spread in numerous regions across Europe. The circulation of the virus in wild boar populations poses an ongoing risk of transmission to domestic pig holdings and results in significant socio-economic losses. Controlling ASF in wild boar has proven to be a complex endeavor that affects many different sectors of society, with different focal points of interest and potential for conflict. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of stakeholder challenges and identify leverage points for effective interventions, a multidisciplinary Systems Thinking approach was applied. Participatory modeling workshops were conducted in an ASF-affected area of Germany with stakeholders from public institutions, forestry, conservation, agriculture, and the food industry in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the stakeholders' perception of the complex system of ASF control. Causal Loop Diagrams were developed jointly with stakeholders to capture and visualize the interconnections within the system from stakeholders' perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;During the workshops, participants emphasized the need for transparent and rapid communication among all affected stakeholders and the importance of of raising public awareness about ASF for an effective response to outbreaks. Participants identified the complexity of the ASF control system, represented by a preliminary Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) with 260 loops, including 131 balancing and 129 reinforcing loops. These feedback processes illustrate the dynamic and interconnected nature of ASF control efforts, highlighting both challenges and opportunities for intervention. In addition, the participants stressed the need for early preparation of relevant resources for potential ASF outbreaks. Effectiveness and unintended consequences of control measures represented a major concern for the participants. Furthermore, participants emphasized the need to standardize and harmonize processes across different regions of Germany to improve the effectiveness of ASF control efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The findings underscore the importance of integrating stakeholder insights into the design of ASF control measures to ensure their effectiveness and sustainability. The complexity of the system, as represented by the numerous feedback loops, highlights the need for adaptive and collaborative approaches in managing ASF outbreaks. Moving forward, discussions with scientists and decision-makers will be essential to refine and implement these insights into actionable strategies for effective ASF management. Engaging stakeholders in the modeling process fosters ownership, collaboration, and compliance, which are crucial for successful implementation of ASF control measures. Furthermore, transdisciplinary research is providing valuable insights for regions or countries yet unaffected b","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12046707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}