BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"A comparison of two cleaning methods applied in a small animal hospital.","authors":"Todd Alsing-Johansson, Elin Torstensson, Karin Bergström, Susanna Sternberg-Lewerin, Anna Bergh, Johanna Penell","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04631-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04631-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Environmental cleaning of near-patient surfaces in animal healthcare is an important infection prevention and control measure to lower the risk of spread of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). There is a lack of reports on the effect of cleaning of near-patient surfaces in animal hospital wards. The aims of this study were to (1) determine bacterial load before cleaning, on near-patient surfaces in dog cages in a mixed medical and surgical ward and investigate factors associated with this bacterial load (2) compare the bacterial reduction on these surfaces after cleaning with (a) a scrubbing brush with detergent and rinsing before and after cleaning, and (b) a microfibre mop moistened with water, and after disinfection carried out after each cleaning method. In each cage the floor and the wall were sampled before cleaning, after cleaning, and after disinfection. Bacterial load and reduction were log₁₀-transformed and for comparisons t-test, one-way Anova and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used. A generalized additive model was performed for analysis of the association between factors and bacterial load.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bacterial load in dog cages before cleaning varied, higher loads were noted after longer stay in the cage. The bacterial reduction was in most cases more effective after cleaning with scrubbing brushes with detergent compared to cleaning with damp microfibre mops. After cleaning, a majority of the samples were below the suggested threshold value 2.5 CFU/cm², except for floor samples after microfibre cleaning. No significant difference in bacterial load, between cleaning methods was noted after disinfection. Overall, the bacterial load was significantly lower on walls than on floors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the bacterial load was below the suggested threshold value after decontamination, except after microfibre cleaning of the floor. Scrub cleaning with a detergent should be considered for cleaning of anti-slip surfaces like the cage floor. The study shows a need for evidence-based cleaning and disinfection routines for near-patient surfaces and evidence-based threshold values for bacterial load, to reduce the risk of HAIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physio-metabolic response, immune function, epigenetic markers, and reproductive performance of rabbits under environmental stress: the mitigating role of boswellia essential oil nanoemulsion.","authors":"Sameh A Abdelnour, Mahmoud Abdelaal, Ramya Ahmad Sindi, Mohammed A Alfattah, Wael A Khalil, Laila B Bahgat, Asmaa M Sheiha","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04587-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04587-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global warming poses a significant threat to reproductive health of rabbits. Sustainable nutritional strategies are crucial for ensuring rabbit production and maintaining food security under these challenging conditions. This study sought to assess the protective benefits of dietary boswellia essential oil nano-emulsion (BEON) against oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, ferroptosis, and organ damage in female rabbits exposed to severe thermal stress. A total of 120 female rabbits were divided into four groups of 30 rabbits each. The rabbits were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (BEON0), 0.25 (BEON0.25), 0.5 (BEON0.5), and 1.0 (BEON1.0) mL of BEON per kilogram of diet. Results demonstrated that the BEON1.0 group exhibited significantly higher levels of IgG, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), while the BEON0.25 group showed elevated levels of IgM, catalase, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (P < 0.05). All BEON treatments significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (P < 0.01). Serum levels of progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were significantly elevated in the BEON0.5 and BEON1.0 groups compared to the control group (P < 0.01). A significant decrease in adipokine levels was observed in all BEON-supplemented groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). All BEON groups demonstrated a modulation of ferroptosis pathways, characterized by decreased heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression and upregulated expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and cystine transporter solute carrier 7A11 (SLC7A11) in ovarian tissues (P < 0.01). Furthermore, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression increased in a dose-dependent manner with increasing BEON supplementation. Histological analysis revealed an improvement in the architecture of the liver, uterine horns, and ovarian tissues in rabbits fed BEON. Integrating BEON at doses of 0.5-1.0 mL/kg diet significantly improved reproductive performance in stressed female rabbits. PCA and correlation analyses demonstrated a positive correlation between BEON supplementation and immune function, reproductive hormone levels, and antioxidant status, while a negative correlation was observed with MDA and adipokine concentrations in rabbit serum. In conclusion, BEON supplementation demonstrates promise as a sustainable nutritional strategy for the rabbit industry, particularly in mitigating the challenges posed by global warming.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral and parenteral vaccination of broiler chickens with Recombinant NetB antigen from Clostridium perfringens confers significant protection against necrotic enteritis.","authors":"Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran, Mehdi Golchin","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04624-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04624-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Necrotic enteritis is a devastating economic disease caused by Clostridium perfringens in poultry. NetB toxin from C. perfringens type G is the major responsible cause of necrotic enteritis. After the ban on growth-promoting antibiotics, alternative effective intervention approaches such as the vaccination of birds were considered critical to control necrotic enteritis. To date, no commercial vaccines with proven efficacy have been approved against necrotic enteritis. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of the oral and parenteral vaccines based on NetB antigen from C. perfringens to choose the best prime-boosting vaccination strategy against necrotic enteritis. The broiler chickens were orally vaccinated with either previously developed recombinant probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus casei strain expressing NetB toxoid, followed by a parenteral booster by the purified recombinant NetB toxoid (oral/parenteral), or the recombinant NetB toxoid alone (parenteral-only).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Immunizations of birds with these vaccines elicited strong specific anti-NetB antibody responses and provided significant protection against the infectious challenge. Additionally, the vaccinated birds represented significant mean body weight gains compared with birds in control groups during the experiment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study showed that oral and parenteral vaccines using NetB antigen from C. perfringens could provide significant protection against necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterisation of LEAP2 from Chinese spiny frogs (Quasipaa spinosa) with antimicrobial and macrophage activation properties.","authors":"Ping Ying, Xin-Yi Qian, Zi-Xuan Wang, Jia-Le Wu, Jia-Yin Huang, Zi-Yi Ren, Jie Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04617-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04617-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) family is an important group of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) involved in vertebrate defence against bacterial infections. However, research on LEAP2 in amphibians is still in its infancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study aimed to explore the role of LEAP2 in the Chinese spiny frog (Quasipaa spinosa). The cDNA of the LEAP2 gene (QsLEAP2) was cloned from a Chinese spiny frog. The QsLEAP2 protein comprises a signal peptide, a prodomain, and a mature peptide. Sequence analysis indicated that QsLEAP2 is a member of the amphibian LEAP2 cluster and closely related to the LEAP2 of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Expression of QsLEAP2 was detected in various tissues, with the liver exhibiting the highest expression. Following infection with Aeromonas hydrophila, QsLEAP2 expression was significantly upregulated in the spleen, lungs, kidneys, liver, and gut. The synthetic mature peptide QsLEAP2 exhibited selective antimicrobial activity against several bacterial strains in vitro. It disrupted bacterial membrane integrity and hydrolysed bacterial genomic DNA, exhibiting bactericidal effects on specific bacterial species. Furthermore, QsLEAP2 induced chemotaxis in RAW264.7 murine leukemic monocytes/macrophages, enhancing their phagocytic activity and respiratory bursts. Docking simulations revealed an interaction between QsLEAP2 and QsMOSPD2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide new insights into the role of LEAP2 in the amphibian immune system.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of AMPK and PLIN2 in the regulation of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in bitches with open cervix pyometra.","authors":"Xin Deng, Hui Liu, Wei Zhao, Rui Wu, Kuo Chen, Qing Li, Murat Onur Yazlık, Hüseyin Özkan, Jingyuan Ren, Jiacheng Zhang, Shiyi Liu, Ling Mei, Shangfeng Li, Jiasui Zhan, Binhong Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04622-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04622-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pathogenesis of canine pyometra is multifactorial, involving hormonal imbalances, aberrant immune responses, and metabolic dysregulation includes lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. This study focuses on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress, revealing the key regulatory role of AMPK and PLIN2 in canine pyometra. Bitches with open cervix pyometra (n:8) and healthy bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy (n:4) were enrolled to the study. In experiment one, the serum and tissue levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity were assessed. Additionally, uterine histopathological analysis, AMPK and PLIN2 expressions were determined through immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism-related factors were evaluated using Western blot analysis. In experiment two, primary cell cultures were prepared from healthy uterine endometrial cells of the dogs in control group. Cultured canine endometrial epithelial cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) along with oleic acid (OA) to induce an inflammatory response. Tissue and serum MDA and SOD levels were greater in dogs with pyometra. Accumulated lipid droplets were observed in the uterine tissue of bitches with pyometra. The phosphorylation of AMPK and the expression of PLIN2 significantly increased in the pyometra group. The expression of related lipid synthesis proteins such as ACC1, FASN, SREBP-1c, and PLIN2 was upregulated, while PPARα and PGC1α were downregulated in bitches with pyometra. In experiment two, activation of AMPK and PLIN2 not only restores the expression of PGC1α, but also effectively alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress. The role of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in canine pyometra is elucidated, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of pyometra in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of three herbal extracts on growth performance, immune response, and resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Litopenaeus vannamei.","authors":"Amr Fadel, Amal Khafage, Mohamed Abdelsalam, Mohamed M Abdel-Rahim","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04588-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04588-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with herbal extracts from Artemisia herba-alba, Lonicera japonica, and Lilium candidum on growth performance, survival, feed utilization, antioxidant capacity, and immune response in Litopenaeus vannamei. The efficacy of these herbal-supplemented diets was assessed in enhancing resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus-induced Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (Vp _AHPND). A total of 2,400 shrimp post-larvae (initial weight 0.74 ± 0.02 g) were randomly assigned to four triplicate groups. Shrimp were fed isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets: T1 (control, basal diet), T2 (basal diet + 250 mg/kg A. herba-alba), T3 (basal diet + 250 mg/kg L. japonica), and T4 (basal diet + 250 mg/kg L. candidum). Herbal-supplemented groups showed significantly improved (_P ≤ 0.05) growth performance, feed utilization, and survival rates compared to the control, with T4 exhibiting the highest values. Significant enhancements of immune assays were observed in total hemocyte count, phagocytosis activity, total protein, glutathione peroxidase, and lysozyme activity in herbal-supplemented groups. Antioxidant indicators (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and phenoloxidase) were boosted while malondialdehyde levels decreased in herbal-treated shrimp. Following V. parahaemolyticus challenge, herbal diets effectively reduced cumulative mortality in L. vannamei. Histopathological examination revealed milder AHPND-associated alterations in A. herba-alba and L. candidum-treated groups, contrasting with atrophy, necrosis, and epithelial cell sloughing observed in the positive control. These findings demonstrate the immunostimulatory potential of A. herba-alba, L. japonica, and L. candidum as dietary supplements to enhance growth performance, immune function, and disease resistance in L. vannamei aquaculture, offering a promising strategy for sustainable shrimp farming.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of density standard and X-ray tube settings for computed digital absorptiometry in horses using the k-means clustering algorithm.","authors":"Bernard Turek, Marek Pawlikowski, Krzysztof Jankowski, Marta Borowska, Katarzyna Skierbiszewska, Tomasz Jasiński, Małgorzata Domino","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04591-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04591-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In veterinary medicine, conventional radiography is the first-choice method for most diagnostic imaging applications in both small animal and equine practice. One direction in its development is the integration of bone density evaluation and artificial intelligence-assisted clinical decision-making, which is expected to enhance and streamline veterinarians' daily practices. One such decision-support method is k-means clustering, a machine learning and data mining technique that can be used clinically to classify radiographic signs into healthy or affected clusters. The study aims to investigate whether the k-means clustering algorithm can differentiate cortical and trabecular bone in both healthy and affected horse limbs. Therefore, identifying the optimal computed digital absorptiometry parameters was necessary.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Five metal-made density standards, made of pure aluminum, aluminum alloy (duralumin), cuprum alloy, iron-nickel alloy, and iron-silicon alloy, and ten X-ray tube settings were evaluated for the radiographic imaging of equine distal limbs, including six healthy limbs and six with radiographic signs of osteoarthritis. Density standards were imaged using ten combinations of X-ray tube settings, ranging from 50 to 90 kV and 1.2 to 4.0 mAs. The relative density in Hounsfield units was firstly returned for both bone types and density standards, then compared, and finally used for clustering. In both healthy and osteoarthritis-affected limbs, the relative density of the long pastern bone (the proximal phalanx) differed between bone types, allowing the k-means clustering algorithm to successful differentiate cortical and trabecular bone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Density standard made of duralumin, along with the 60 kV, 4.0 mAs X-ray tube settings, yielded the highest clustering metric values and was therefore considered optimal for further research. We believe that the identified optimal computed digital absorptiometry parameters may be recommended for further researches on the relative quantification of conventional radiographs and for distal limb examination in equine veterinary practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Further evidence of the host plasticity of porcine circovirus-2: detection of the virus in domestic dogs in Namibia.","authors":"Umberto Molini, Lourens de Villiers, Lauren M Coetzee, Herschelle P Green, Mari de Villiers, Siegfried Khaiseb, Giovanni Cattoli, William G Dundon, Giovanni Franzo","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04581-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04581-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) is a major pathogen of swine, causing significant production losses in the pig industry worldwide. Several studies have detected the virus in different species, both in asymptomatic and diseased subjects, highlighting PCV-2 host plasticity. As PCV-2 has been identified in carnivores, the present study was undertaken to investigate the susceptibility of domestic dogs to PCV-2 infection by testing archived blood samples originating from low-income rural areas in Namibia. The population was selected considering the high exposure probability to PCV-2 due to direct contact and/or feeding with raw pig meat or by-products. Thirty-eight of the samples (6.61%) tested positive for PCV-2, and the complete ORF2 of 7 strains was sequenced, revealing the presence of the three major PCV-2 genotypes (i.e. PCV-2a, -2b, and -2d). Convincing epidemiological links with other Namibian and South African strains were established for PCV-2a and PCV-2b strains, while the PCV-2d strains were part of a broader clade that included sequences of viruses collected worldwide, especially in Asia. Although PCV-2 was reported in diseased dogs, no statistically significant or robust causal association between infection and disease manifestation was demonstrated. In conclusion, PCV-2 infection has been identified in Namibian dogs, most likely due to the ingestion of contaminated meat and by-products. However, the epidemiological and clinical consequences are still unclear and further investigations are necessary. Nevertheless, the high proportion of infected dogs showing clinical signs raises concern about the potential of PCV-2's role as a relevant viral pathogen in Namibia. The use of raw meat for dog nutrition should be discouraged, considering the known risks to animal and human health through disease transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in canine serum: establishing reference intervals and influencing factors.","authors":"B Perez-Montero, M L Fermin-Rodriguez, M Portero-Fuentes, J Sarquis, S Caceres, J C Illera Del Portal, L de Juan, G Miro, F Cruz-Lopez","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04614-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04614-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mounting evidence suggests that malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) are valuable biomarkers of lipid and nucleic acid oxidation in numerous canine diseases. However, their application in clinical settings is limited due to the absence of reference intervals (RI) and the analytical inconsistencies. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize serum MDA and 8-OHdG concentrations in dogs, to establish assay-specific RI, and to identify biological, haematological and biochemical factors influencing these markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 190 clinically healthy dogs were recruited, including pet dogs, working dogs and shelter dogs. Serum MDA concentration was measured by the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) assay, while 8-OHdG levels were determined by using a competitive ELISA. RI were established by non-parametric methods. Potential associations between oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers and multiple biological, haematological and biochemical factors were assessed using multivariate regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RI for serum MDA (1.85-14.51 µM) and 8-OHdG (0.06-0.75 ng/mL) were established in the reference population (144 and 143 dogs, respectively). The multivariate regression model for MDA revealed a positive association with total cholesterol concentration, and a negative association with monocyte count. 8-OHdG level was positively associated with urea concentration. Notably, both models also revealed a significant association between MDA and 8-OHdG. Biological factors, including the age and size of the animals, did not exert a significant influence on the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first study to establish serum RI for MDA and 8-OHdG in a large and diverse canine population. Additionally, the multivariate regression models identified relevant haematological and biochemical, but not biological factors that should be considered when interpreting the results. These findings could significantly enhance the application of MDA and 8-OHdG as biomarkers in clinical settings, and promote further exploration of their value in canine diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance, virulence gene profiles, and phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli isolated from healthy broilers and broilers with colibacillosis in Thailand.","authors":"Sudtisa Laopiem, Kriangkrai Witoonsatian, Sittinee Kulprasetsri, Pun Panomwan, Chutima Pathomchai-Umporn, Raktipon Kamtae, Pichai Jirawattanapong, Thaweesak Songserm, Nuananong Sinwat","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04626-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04626-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli has a significant global impact on poultry production. This study aimed to determine the phenotypic and genotypic backgrounds of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence gene profiles of E. coli strains isolated from diseased and healthy broilers. A total of 211 E. coli isolates were recovered from diseased (n = 110) and healthy broilers (n = 101). All the isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. A PCR-based technique was applied to screen AMR genes, virulence genes and analyze phylogenetic groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phylogenetic groups B1 and D were the most prevalent for E. coli isolated from diseased and healthy birds. Among virulence genes, the detection rates of cva/cvi, iutA, iucD, iroN, iss and ompT were considerably greater in E.coli strains from diseased birds than in healthy birds. The virulence gene pattern of hlyF-iutA-iucD-iroN-iss-ompT (16.4%) was frequently observed in E.coli isolated from diseased birds, whereas approximately 22.8% of E.coli from healthy birds did not carry any virulence genes. Analysis of AMR profiles revealed that 58.3% of E.coli were resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics, and 96.7% carried at least one antibiotic resistance gene AMR genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study demonstrate the variable distribution of phylogenetic groups and virulence genes. E.coli strains isolated from broilers had multidrug resistance profiles. The study emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring of AMR emergence in E. coli from broilers. This monitoring allows for early detection and implementation of strategies to control the spread of resistant strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}