BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Cysticercus bovis in slaughtered cattle in upper Egypt: implications for food safety.","authors":"Nady Khairy Elbarbary, Ahmed Gareh, Maha Abdelhaseib, Ahmed Fotouh, Neveen M Abdelmotilib, Mohammed Fathy Ragab, Mohamed K Dandrawy","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04768-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04768-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bovine cysticercosis is regarded as an essential food safety concern, causing human taeniasis, as well as a significant economic worry, as infected carcasses are condemned, frozen, and downgraded. It is caused by Cysticercus bovis (C. bovis), which is the larval stage of Taenia saginata that inhabits the small intestine of man. In the two-host life cycle, humans are the definitive hosts, and cattle are the intermediate hosts. Therefore, the current research aims to study the prevalence of C. bovis in slaughtered cattle in Aswan province, Upper Egypt, by using both macroscopic and molecular techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study on C. Bovis in slaughtered cattle was conducted from July 2023 to April 2024 at several central slaughterhouses (Edfu, Kom Ombo, Daraw, Aswan, and Abu Simbel) in Aswan province, Egypt, to ascertain the prevalence of C. bovis in 47,763 slaughtered cattle through routine daily antemortem and postmortem inspections; histopathological inspection and molecular analysis were implemented to verify the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 47,763 slaughtered cattle, 1,083 (2.27%) have macroscopic C. bovis cysts. The infection rates in local and imported cattle were 1.94% (203/10438) and 2.36% (880/37325), respectively. The prevalence of C. bovis infection was found to be significantly associated with the age, sex, and body condition of slaughtered cattle (p < 0.05). In the local breed, the heart had the highest occurrence of C. bovis (64%), whereas in the imported breed, the masseter muscles were the most susceptible to infection (92.00%). The histopathological analysis demonstrated that the deteriorated cysts were situated in regions of tissue coagulative necrosis, characterized by a wide range of inflammatory infiltrates and collagen fibers, particularly eosinophils and macrophages. In addition, the muscle fibers undergo degenerative changes, which may lead to the loss of normal muscle structure. The presence of the C. bovisHDP2 gene was demonstrated by the PCR analysis of C. bovis cyst samples, which showed positive diagnostic bands at 599 bp on gel electrophoresis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the findings in this study, the slaughtered cattle meant for human consumption in Aswan, Egypt, had C. bovis lesions restricted to one or a few organs. The study revealed that the spread of infection in these valuable organs in cattle has negative implications for food safety.</p><p><strong>Recommendation: </strong>We strongly support the One Health strategy for preventing zoonotic pathogens from spreading to humans and preventing economic loss in cattle production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Lagenaria siceraria seed oil-enriched extender regulate sperm quality, oxidant/antioxidant markers, and sperm mitochondrial enzymes in chilled diluted rabbit semen?","authors":"Ramya Ahmad Sindi, Sameh A Abdelnour, Ehab El-Haroun, Mohammed A Alfattah, Yasser H A Saber, Asmaa M Sheiha","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04782-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04782-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the cryoprotective effects of Lagenaria siceraria seed oil (BG) on rabbit sperm quality during a 72-hour period of chilled storage at 4 °C. While a prevalent method for preserving rabbit semen, cryopreservation can elicit cold shock and other stressors, resulting in a decline in sperm quality. Thereafter, the researchers hypothesized that BG, potentially due to its antioxidant properties, could mitigate these detrimental effects. For the experiment, semen samples were diluted in extender and assigned to treatment groups receiving BG at concentrations of 0 (BG0), 100 (BG100), 200 (BG200), or 400 (BG400) µL/mL, followed by storage at 4 °C. Sperm quality parameters (motility, viability, membrane integrity, and morphology) were assessed at 24-, 48-, and 72-hour time points of storage. Results indicated a quadratic improvement in sperm motility, viability, and membrane integrity with the addition of 100 or 200 µL/mL of BG across all time points (P < 0.01). A quadratic relationship was observed between BG supplementation levels and the concentrations of GPx and SOD, indicating a dose-dependent increase. BG treatment at all concentrations led to elevated total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to the control, with peak TAC values at 200 and 400 µL/mL BG. Conversely, nitric oxide (NO) levels significantly decreased (P < 0.001) with increasing BG dosage. BG treatment significantly decreased malondialdehyde, H₂O₂, and protein carbonyl levels compared to the control (P < 0.01). Additionally, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activities were significantly and quadratically improved at BG concentrations of 200 and 400 µL/mL relative to the 100 µL/mL concentration. In conclusion, supplementing rabbit semen extenders with BG significantly enhanced sperm quality during 72-hour chilled storage by attenuating oxidative stress, bolstering antioxidant capacity, and promoting mitochondrial enzyme activity. These findings suggest that BG is a promising additive for improving the preservation of chilled rabbit semen, potentially benefiting artificial insemination and rabbit breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of dietary salt on the development of hypertension and gut microbiome dysbiosis in captive-bred vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops).","authors":"Zandisiwe Emilia Magwebu, Sanele Khoza, Mikateko Mazinu, Esme Jordaan, Meenu Ghai, Chesa Gift Chauke","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04795-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04795-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study was designed to establish a hypertensive nonhuman primate model to evaluate the role of dietary salt intake on blood pressure levels and gut microbiome regulation. Sixteen adult vervet monkeys were selected and assigned into two groups (control and experimental). The control group was given a maintenance diet (100 g), whereas the diet of the experimental group was supplemented with 1.5 g/day of dietary salt in the mornings for six months (T₀-T₆), thereafter, the dose was increased to 2 g/day for additional six months (T₉-T₁₂). Blood and stool samples were collected for biochemical and 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The control group was borderline hypertensive (134.7/62.9 mmHg), whereas elevated blood pressure levels (171.3/81.3 mmHg) were observed at T₁₂ indicating the experimental group to be salt sensitive. Furthermore, gut microbiome analysis showed two main phyla, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. However, there was no significant difference for alpha and beta diversity for both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggested that dietary salt intake (1.5-2 g/day) caused alterations in systolic blood pressure levels, chloride and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). However, these changes were not associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis even though significant changes were observed over time for the individual groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity of Streptococcus agalactiae from dairy cattle with mastitis in Argentina.","authors":"Gabriela Gerez, Luciana Belén Hernandez, Jimena Cadona, Andrea Mariel Sanso, Ana Victoria Bustamante","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04584-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04584-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bovine mastitis is an important health problem in dairy cattle which affects the quality and yield of milk and causes significant economic losses in the dairy industry. Streptococcus agalactiae is a Gram-positive and zoonotic bacterium that causes clinical and subclinical contagious bovine mastitis. The main strategy for the control of this pathogen in dairy herds is the antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of S. agalactiae using Multiple Locus Variable number tandem repeat -VNTR- Analysis (MLVA), serotypes, virulence factors (VF) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and to compare the discrimination power of these different methods in strains isolated from cattle with mastitis in Argentinian dairy farms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-seven S. agalactiae isolates obtained from dairy cattle with mastitis in Argentina were analyzed. The detected serotypes were III, II and Ia. The most frequent virulence and AMR detected genes were cpsA, hylB, PI-2b, cylE, rib, spb1, and tetO and ermB respectively. A total of 36 VF + AMR profiles were detected with a discriminatory power of the method of Ds = 0.96. The MLVA based on six VNTRs showed 29 profiles with a Ds = 0.90. The analysis of VF + AMR + MLVA data together showed 59 profiles with an increased discriminatory power (Ds = 0.98).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights that the MLVA is recommended to add to other methodologies in order to study epidemiological relationships in this species Although within each dairy farm there was a predominance of certain serotypes/virulence profiles, the characteristics did not show total homogeneity, as expected due to the contagious nature of the pathogen. This suggests the incorporation of animals from other herds at some point, a practice not uncommon among dairy farms in Argentina. By other hand, the detection of a same clone in the same farm in different periods confirms that S. agalactiae strains can persist on dairy farms for a long time.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The status of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with nervous distemper.","authors":"Marjan Mahmoodabadi, Hadi Mohebalian, Ali Asghar Sarchahi","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04793-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04793-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a multisystemic disease in dogs that causes severe neurological signs due to viral replication in neurons and glial cells; this leads to gray matter lesions and demyelination. The resulting inflammation causes additional harm to the affected tissues. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between pro-inflammatory cytokines Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6) levels in Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the neurological form of distemper disease in dogs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 23 CDV-infected dogs with neurological signs, 10 diseased but CDV-negative (non-infected) dogs, and 12 healthy controls. CSF samples were analyzed using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for CDV sequences and the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for quantifying IL-6 and TNF-α levels. While a significant increase in CSF cytokine levels was observed between the CDV-infected and healthy controls, no significant differences were detected between the CDV-infected and non-infected diseased groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The elevated levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the CSF of dogs with nervous distemper suggest their involvement in disease pathogenesis. However, their lack of specificity limits their use as reliable diagnostic biomarkers for distinguishing nervous distemper from other neurological conditions in dogs. Further research is needed to identify more accurate and specific biomarkers for the precise diagnosis and effective management of CDV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report on the occurrence of anticoagulant rodenticides toxicosis in nontarget animals in Thailand.","authors":"Piyarat Chansiripornchai, Vachira Hunprasit, Somporn Techangamsuwan","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04789-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04789-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are widely used worldwide to control rodent populations, yet their toxicity to nontarget animal species, such as dogs and cats, raises significant concerns. Until now, there has been no information about the occurrence status of ARs toxicosis in Thailand. This study presents occurrence data on ARs poisoning in animal specimens analysed at the Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. Data from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2023, was collected retrospectively, focusing on confirmed ARs intoxication cases identified through chemical analysis using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and spectrophotometry methods. Detailed information on animal species, ages, sex, and types of animal specimens analysed was included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 35 cases (63.6%) out of 55 tested positive for ARs. Dogs accounted for 77.1% of the ARs-positive cases. Notably, specimens from wild animals and exotic pets, including a turkey, a wild boar, a goose, and three Patagonian mara, were also tested positive for ARs poisoning. Both liver and stomach content specimens showed high agreement in ARs detection, suggesting the potential utility of stomach content analysis alongside liver specimens, which has not been previously reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This retrospective study underscores the risk of ARs toxicosis in nontarget species. TLC and spectrophotometry methods serve as reliable screening tools for confirming ARs intoxication diagnosis. This study provided a reference for future research on the epidemiology on ARs toxicosis among nontarget species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound assessment of botulinum toxin-A (BOTOX) injection into adult Arabian dromedary camels' lips: efficacy in detection and localization.","authors":"Mohamed Marzok, Jamal Hussen, Mahdi Al Dhafiri, Sherif Saleh, Hussein M El-Husseiny, Mohamed W El-Sherif, Abdullah Ayman Al Wail, Adel I Almubarak, Mohamed Salem","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04757-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04757-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultrasound imaging has become an invaluable tool in veterinary medicine, particularly in guiding injections and visualizing soft tissue structures. Recently, ultrasonography has been used in camel practice to detect cosmetic fillers, particularly in aesthetic evaluations. However, previous applications lacked a controlled experimental background. This study is the first to experimentally assess the effectiveness of ultrasound in detecting and localizing botulinum toxin (BOTOX) injections in camels, using two different doses, from the time of injection until the toxin's effect becomes undetectable.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of ultrasound in detecting and localizing botulinum toxin injection sites in camels' lips.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 18 adult Arabian dromedary camels (9 Magateer and 9 Majaheem breeds) from the Camel Research Center, King Faisal University. The camels, aged 4.3 ± 1.3 years and weighing 405.5 ± 20.6 kg, were randomly assigned to three treatment groups (6 camels each). Treatments included 100 IU and 200 IU of botulinum toxin type A, and a control of 5 ml sterile saline, administered to the upper and lower lips. Morphological changes, inflammation, and lip thickness were assessed weekly for two months. Ultrasound examinations and hematological and biochemical analyses were conducted at specified intervals. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA and Tukey's test, with significance set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morphological assessments revealed significant changes in the lips of camels treated with 200 IU BOTOX, showing the highest shape change scores (3 ± 0) compared to 100 IU BOTOX (1.75 ± 0.87) and control (0.4 ± 0). Inflammation and tissue reactions were more pronounced in the BOTOX-treated groups, with higher scores in the 200 IU group. Lip thickness increased significantly in the BOTOX groups, with the greatest thickening in the 200 IU group (2.4 ± 0.54 mm). Ultrasonographic findings showed structural changes and increased tissue thickness, peaking on Day 7 and gradually normalizing by Day 54. Hematological and biochemical profiles showed no significant differences between the treated and control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study demonstrates the effect of BOTOX on camel lip morphology and tissue characteristics, with higher doses (200 IU) causing more significant and prolonged changes. Both morphological scoring and ultrasonographic evaluation effectively monitored these effects, including the timeframe of BOTOX detection and when it became undetectable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Listeria spp. isolated from raw fish.","authors":"Marta Sołtysiuk, Paulina Przyborowska, Agnieszka Wiszniewska-Łaszczych, Dawid Tobolski","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04792-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04792-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Listeria spp. contamination in food, particularly antimicrobial-resistant strains, poses an escalating concern for public health. This study investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Listeria spp. isolated from raw fish collected from diverse sources in Northern Poland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 750 raw fish samples were collected from standing freshwater tanks, flowing freshwater reservoirs, and a saltwater reservoir. Isolation was performed following the standard protocol, which describes the horizontal method for detecting Listeria spp., including Listeria monocytogenes. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of isolated strains were performed using the disk diffusion method. Antimicrobial resistance genes were identified using PCR, targeting 11 genes associated with resistance to β-lactams, macrolides, glycopeptides, and sulfonamides. Statistical analyses included Phi correlation coefficients, hierarchical clustering, and logistic regression to examine associations between phenotypic resistance patterns and antimicrobial resistance genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Listeria spp. was isolated from 13.9% of samples (104 positive samples), comprising L. seeligeri (34.6%), L. welshimeri (28.8%), L. monocytogenes (23.1%), and L. innocua (13.5%). Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed universal resistance to oxacillin (100%) across all Listeria spp. isolates. High resistance levels were also observed for cefotaxime (97.1%), cefoxitin (92.3%), rifampicin (92.3%), clindamycin (96.2%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (91.3%). Alarmingly, 98.1% of all Listeria spp. isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR), reaching 100% MDR among L. monocytogenes isolates. Specifically, L. monocytogenes isolates exhibited complete resistance to meropenem, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and significant resistance to ciprofloxacin (91.7%), clindamycin (83.3%), tetracycline (75.0%), erythromycin (75.0%), benzylpenicillin (70.8%), and nitrofurantoin (70.8%). Molecular analysis identified blaTEM (100%), ampC (37.5%), and ereB (37.5%) as the most prevalent antimicrobial resistance genes in L. monocytogenes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The exceptionally high prevalence of multidrug-resistant Listeria spp., particularly L. monocytogenes, in raw fish underscores a critical public health risk, suggesting the urgent need for ongoing surveillance and robust risk mitigation strategies in aquaculture and seafood processing. The elevated antimicrobial resistance levels may also indicate aquatic environmental contamination, warranting further investigation into the sources and broader ecological implications of antimicrobial resistance in these ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful rehabilitation and release of two severely injured Formosan black bears (Ursus thibetanus formosanus) with desensitization to routine treatment procedures.","authors":"Ai-Mei Chang, Chen-Chih Chen, Yun-Chieh Tuan, Lee-Shuan Lin","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04780-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04780-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wildlife rehabilitation is crucial for the recovery of injured endangered species; however, this process can induce significant stress, potentially leading to secondary injuries and complications. This case report details the rehabilitation of two severely injured Formosan black bears (Ursus thibetanus formosanus) with desensitization techniques as an alternative approach to reducing stress while promoting voluntary cooperation during treatment.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Patient 1 was an adult female bear with injuries, including the loss of the second, third and fourth phalanges of the left forelimb and extensive necrosis of the right palm. Patient 2 was a subadult male suffering from multiple gunshot wounds, severe necrosis of the distal part of the right wrist, and a fracture of the right mandibular ramus and left humerus. Both bears underwent desensitization training, which fostered calmness during routine procedures and facilitated smooth recovery throughout rehabilitation. Pre-release training focused on rebuilding physical capacity and developing natural behaviors, as well as human avoidance, to increase survival and reduce human-bear conflicts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The successful outcomes, characterized by complete recovery and avoidance of human interactions, underscore the effectiveness of desensitization strategies in wildlife rehabilitation. This approach not only enhances the quality of medical care but also mitigates the risks of post-release conflicts, contributing to the conservation of endangered species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of PUFAs-ω3 and ω6 on oxidative stress of sheep erythrocytes.","authors":"Valeria Pasciu, Maria Nieddu, Elena Baralla, Ignacio Contreras-Solís, Francesca Daniela Sotgiu, Fiammetta Berlinguer","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04762-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04762-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, the use of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ω3 and ω6, as food supplements in livestock has increased due to their beneficial properties related to their antioxidant activity. It has been demonstrated however that a high intake of these substances has prooxidant and cell-damaging effects, especially if their circulating concentrations are unbalanced. Starting from these premises, and taking advantage of previous findings, the present study aimed at defining the optimal circulating concentrations and PUFAs ω3/ω6 ratio, to ensure the antioxidant/oxidant balance in sheep RBCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All tested concentrations (25-300 µg/mL in PBS) of PUFAs-ω3 after 4 h of treatment on sheep RBCs, showed antioxidant properties with a significant decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) versus the control group (CTRL) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, ω6 showed an antioxidant effect at low concentrations (25-200 g/mL) but a pro-oxidant effect at the highest concentrations (250 and 300 µg/mL) with a significant increase in ROS production (123.6 ± 2.1 and 131.4 ± 6.5% sloope RFU of CTRL respectively p < 0,001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.01), and haemolysis (p < 0.01) versus CTRL group (1.1 ± 0.1%), and, also with a decrease of Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) (p < 0,05). The ratio ω3/ω6 of 1:10 (25/250 µg/mL) and 1:4 (25/100 µg/mL) showed an intracellular ROS level like the CTRL group whereas, the ratio 1:2 (100/200 µg/mL) resulted in a significant decrease in ROS production (62.71 ± 2.31% slope RFU of CTRL, p < 0.001) and MDA (p < 0.001), with an increase in TEAC (p < 0.05), and a decrease haemolysis versus the control group (p < 0,01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results showed that a beneficial effect on the oxidative state of sheep RBCs was obtained with in vitro administration of low concentrations of ω6 and with all tested concentrations of ω3. The addition of ω6 at high concentrations leads to an imbalance in the PUFA ω3/ω6 ratio, compromising the oxidative state and viability of the RBCs. The maximum antioxidative effect was found at ω3/ω6 ratio 1:2).</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}