BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Climate change and the emergence of Rift Valley fever virus: a pathological and environmental study of sheep jaundice in Egyptian slaughterhouses.","authors":"Ashraf Kassem, Marwa S Khattab, Elshaimaa Ismael, Aya M Yassin, Dalia Hamza, Ahmed H Osman","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-05022-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-05022-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The emergence of Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) and its link to sheep jaundice in Egypt highlights the growing impact of climate change on the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases. Shifting climatic patterns, such as rising temperatures and altered rainfall, have expanded mosquito habitats, enhancing RVFV transmission risks. These environmental shifts create ideal breeding conditions for the mosquitoes, increasing virus's transmission risk to both livestock and humans. Jaundice, a severe symptom resulting from RVFV infection, not only threatens livestock health but also poses significant economic challenges for farmers who rely heavily on their animals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A descriptive case series study was performed to assess the impact of climate change on the total condemned sheep due to jaundice at Al-Basatin automated slaughterhouse. A total of 100 animals were examined from June to December 2024. Nineteen cases of jaundice were investigated to determine the cause. Gross examinations, histopathology, and immunohistochemical studies of caspase-3 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), were conducted on various organs of jaundice affected cases. Frozen tissue samples were processed for molecular detection of RVFV, and determination of gene expression of heat shock 70KDa protein 1 A (HSP70) and bradykinin receptor B1 (BDKRB1). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH), were analyzed to evaluate oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gross examination of liver, kidneys, heart, and lungs of 19 jaundice affected sheep showed various lesions. Histopathological changes in 16 cases were indicative of RVF infection, while 3 cases were of unknown jaundice cause. RVF infection elevated immunoexpression of caspase-3 and TNFα. The presence of RVFV was confirmed in liver and kidney tissues. A significant correlation (p < 0.01) was observed between the occurrence of jaundice in sheep and extreme (THI > 25.6) to severe heat stress (HS) (THI = 23.2 to < 25.6). During the hot summer months, there was an increase in MDA, HSP70, and BDKRB1, and reduced GSH in liver and kidney.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates a direct connection between climate change and the occurrence of RFV infection and jaundice in sheep. This relationship is likely linked to increased oxidative stress biomarkers in sheep and a weakened antioxidant defense system. These factors contribute to HS, triggering histopathological changes across all vital organs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12442287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a modified one-stage technique for repair of third-degree perineal laceration and rectovestibular fistula with rectal pull-back technique in 12 mares: a retrospective case series.","authors":"Ahmed Sharshar, Amal Hammad, Mohamed Salem, Mohamed El-Sunsafty","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04824-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04824-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study was carried out to evaluate a rectal pull-back one-stage technique, which is a modification of the one-stage Goetz technique, for treating third-degree perineal laceration or rectovestibular fistula.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was performed on 12 mares, ten of whom suffered from third-grade perineal laceration, and two suffered from rectovestibular fistula and were included in this study. After incision of the vestibular shelf horizontally, the dissected rectal flap was pulled caudally and sutured to the anal sphincter during its reconstruction at the final stage. While the vestibular shelf/vaginal flap was reconstructed using size 2 polyglactin 910 suture material in six-bite suture pattern. Post-oparative follow up included monitoring the wound healing and recording the complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neither necrosis of the rectovestibular shelf nor formation of rectovestibular fistula has been recorded. Two mares showed partial dehiscence of the perineal body and one had partial dehiscence of anal sphincter which healed successfully.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rectal pull-back technique can be a good alternative for the treatment of third-grade perineal laceration and rectovestibular fistula in mares.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12442302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated brain extraction for canine magnetic resonance images.","authors":"Gloria D Lesta, Thomas M Deserno, Samira Abani, Jörg Janisch, Alexej Hänsch, Merlin Laue, Stefanie Winzer, Peter J Dickinson, Steven De Decker, Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana, Aleksandr Subbotin, Kseniia Bocharova, Ehren McLarty, Laura Lemke, Adriano Wang-Leandro, Franziska Spohn, Holger A Volk, Jasmin N Nessler","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-05003-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-05003-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Quantitative proteomics unveils potential plasma biomarkers and provides insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying equine metabolic syndrome.","authors":"E M Espinosa-López, B Ortiz-Guisado, E Diez de Castro, A Durham, E Aguilera-Tejero, G Gómez-Baena","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-05037-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-05037-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12434905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound measurements of croup fat thickness and liver echogenicity as indicators for lipomobilization in donkeys (Equus Africanus asinus) with fasting-induced hyperlipidemia.","authors":"Abeer Abd El-Wares Mahmoud, Hanan Kamal Elsayed, Hussein Awad Hussein","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04999-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04999-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disturbances in lipid metabolism are usually associated with hyperlipidemia, which is commonly observed in donkeys with inappetence or anorexia. The diagnostic utility of ultrasound measurements of croup fat thickness (CFT) and relative liver echogenicity for lipomobilization in donkeys with fasting-induced hyperlipidemia was investigated. A prospective observational control study involving 25 donkeys was conducted, and the animals were randomly assigned to a fasting group (FG, n = 20) and a control group (CG, n = 5). In the FG, the experiment period (10 days) consisted of two stages, the fasting stage (4 days) and the post-fasting stage (6 days).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On six occasions, the following were evaluated: body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), ultrasound subcutaneous CFT, ultrasound gluteal muscle thickness, liver ultrasonography, and blood metabolites. The ultrasound CFT was significantly reduced at 4 days of fasting (P < 0.05). Donkeys with ≥ 7 mm of CFT before fasting were 6 times more likely to develop hyperlipidemia post-fasting (P < 0.01). Hepatic ultrasonography showed no hepatomegaly. Decrements of the portal vein (PV) diameter were noticed during fasting. The hepatic relative echogenicity (RE) significantly increased after 4 days of fasting, and then decreased after fasting (P < 0.05). The RE of ≥ 78 is a critical threshold for diagnosing hyperlipidemia (P < 0.001). The serum concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, very low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins, and low-density lipoproteins peaked at 4 days of fasting (P < 0.05). The serum concentrations of FFA increased during fasting (P < 0.05) and then dropped after fasting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fasting-induced hyperlipidemia is associated with reductions in CFT with concurrent increased RE, suggesting lipomobilization. CFT and RE could be used as diagnostic tools for hyperlipidemia. Reversible variations in serum metabolites could be noticed in donkeys as complications of fasting-induced hyperlipidemia; therefore, therapy may be unnecessary especially in less severe cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut health and physiological aspects of broiler chicken fed zeolite as a dietary supplement: its effect on growth, cecal microbiota and digesta viscosity, digestive enzymes, carcass traits, blood constituents and antioxidant parameters.","authors":"Ibrahim A Abdel-Kader, Shaaban Saad Elnesr, Bothaina Y Mahmoud, Ensaf A El-Full, Ahmed M Emam","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-05006-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-05006-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the impact of dietary zeolite supplementation on growth, cecal microbiota and digesta viscosity, digestive enzymes, carcass traits, blood constituents, and antioxidant parameters of broilers. A completely randomized design was used with 240 one-day-old broiler chicks randomly assigned to three dietary treatments (0%, 1.5%, and 3% zeolite as a feed additive) with four replicates of 20 chicks each. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan's multiple range test (p < 0.05). The findings indicated that growth performance was enhanced by the addition of zeolite, especially at the 3% supplementation level. Both blood biochemistry and hematological parameters showed significant improvement (p < 0.05) with supplementation at both 3% and 1.5% zeolite levels. Antioxidant parameters indicated significantly elevated serum amylase activity and total antioxidant capacity with both 3% and 1.5% zeolite diets. Cecal microbiota was improved by zeolite, enhancing beneficial bacteria and reducing E. coli and anaerobes. Carcass characteristics were positively influenced by 3% zeolite. Digesta viscosity and intestinal pH decreased with zeolite inclusion. In conclusion, the inclusion of zeolite up to 3% in broiler diets had positive effects on diverse aspects of health, intestinal microbiota, performance, and blood constituents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel linear B-cell epitope on S2 protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus identified using a monoclonal antibody.","authors":"Jinhui Hou, Ruifeng Hou, Hao Lu, Yang Yu, Rui Zhao, Zhengting Shi, Yanrong Lv, Jinli Liu, Siyu Wang, Jin Yuan, Chenxi Shi, Hui Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04968-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04968-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal dynamics and potential interactions of haematophagous abomasal nematodes in two chamois populations in the Czech Republic.","authors":"Jan Magdálek, Vojtěch Kasič, Jana Ilgová, Lucie Škorpíková, Jaroslav Vadlejch","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04992-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04992-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pathogenic blood-feeding nematodes, such as Haemonchus contortus and the invasive Ashworthius sidemi, infect a wide range of wild and domestic ruminants. While the spread of A. sidemi among European cervids has been studied, its presence in chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) remains poorly documented. Conversely, H. contortus is known to infect chamois, but previous research has relied mainly on cross-sectional necropsy studies, offering only a limited view of infection dynamics. In this study, we used a longitudinal molecular approach to assess the seasonal occurrence and transmission patterns of H. contortus and A. sidemi in a chamois population from the northern Czech Republic. From January to December 2023, we collected faecal samples at monthly intervals from two localities. Multiplex real-time PCR was subsequently used for the detection and semi-quantification of DNA from both nematode species.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Haemonchus contortus DNA was detected in 43.3% of samples, with its presence recorded nearly year-round. Its prevalence and relative DNA quantity peaked in summer and remained high throughout autumn. Ashworthius sidemi was identified in chamois in the Czech Republic for the first time, possibly reflecting a recent spillover from red deer (Cervus elaphus). However, it was found in only 5% of samples, with its occurrence restricted to late winter and spring. The seasonal disappearance of A. sidemi coincided with the increase in H. contortus relative DNA quantity, which may indicate a possible negative interaction between these species occupying the same ecological niche.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest a potentialy prolonged transmission window for H. contortus, which could lengthen further under future climate change scenarios. In contrast, A. sidemi appears to be an incidental parasite in chamois, and its long-term persistence in this atypical host without continued contact with cervids remains uncertain. These insights, which are rare for wild ruminants, contribute to a better understanding of parasite epidemiology and host-parasite interactions in free-living populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-neutralising antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in sera from straw-coloured fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) in Nigeria.","authors":"Hooman Goharriz, Guanghui Wu, Veronica O Ameh, Amanda H Seekings, Joan Amaya-Cuesta, Lorraine M McElhinney, Claude T Sabeta","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04938-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04938-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Straw-coloured fruit bats (Eidolon helvum; ) are widely distributed in Africa and are known reservoirs for viruses with zoonotic potential. These bats are widely hunted in West and Central Africa for human consumption as food source and medicine. This practice increases the potential for spillover of zoonotic disease to the human population. This study investigated the presence of neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants in serum samples (n = 142) from E. helvum bats captured between November 2017 and March 2019 in Makurdi, Nigeria. Faecal samples (n = 120) from the roost were collected in 2022 and screened for the presence of coronavirus RNA followed by genetic sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Virus neutralisation tests revealed 7.04% of the bat sera neutralised 2019-nCoV/Italy-INMI1, while 17.57% of the bat sera neutralised a SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 isolate. Partial genome obtained by next generation sequencing identified a lineage D Betacoronavirus from one faecal sample with 98.16% nucleotide sequence identity to sequences from Eidolon helvum collected in Cameroon in 2013. Epitope analysis of the spike protein sequence from the faecal sample showed conserved antigenic determinants shared with SARS-CoV-2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that pre-pandemic sera collected from Eidolon helvum bats had neutralising activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Furthermore we detected the presence of lineage D betacoronavirus in this bat population that shared epitopes with SARS-CoV-2. This work contributes to our understanding of the complexities of coronavirus cross-reactivity. Characterizing bat coronaviruses is crucial to understand their zoonotic potential for spillover events due to bushmeat hunting practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12395742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of orbifloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus in a neutropenic murine thigh infection model.","authors":"Long-Gen Zhong, Si-Jia Tang, Liu-Yan Liang, Xin Yao, Li-Wen Sun, Jian Sun, Xiao-Ping Liao, Yu-Feng Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04974-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04974-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12395723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144942109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}