BMC Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Expression and clinical significance of plasma microRNA-155 in patients with primary Sjögren's disease.","authors":"Qian Liu, Yu Zhao, Hua Zhao, Can Xu, Huifang Guo","doi":"10.1186/s12865-026-00798-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12865-026-00798-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9040,"journal":{"name":"BMC Immunology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12958569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Comparative efficacy of preventive vs. therapeutic resveratrol in modulating gut microbiota and alleviating inflammation in DSS-induced colitis.","authors":"Senmei Qin, Zongjing Yang, Jinqing Lei, Qingli Xie, Linsui Jiang, Yuanyuan Fan, Yonggu Luo, Kecong Wei, Wei Luo, Bing Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12865-026-00805-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12865-026-00805-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9040,"journal":{"name":"BMC Immunology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12924522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146776121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-23 serum levels and IL23R polymorphisms in psoriasis: a meta-analysis of susceptibility and severity.","authors":"Saboor Ahmadipanah, Parand Shariat Rad, Maryam Montaseri, Houshang Nemati, Masoud Sadeghi, Mazaher Ramezani","doi":"10.1186/s12865-026-00814-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12865-026-00814-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease with a strong genetic basis. The Interleukin-23 (IL-23)/Th17 axis is central to its pathogenesis. While IL-23 is established, studies on systemic serum levels and IL23R gene polymorphisms yielded varied results. Our study clarified these associations through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: A systematic search was performed to find relevant studies. For serum IL-23, a random-effects model calculated overall Hedges’s g. For polymorphisms, pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for allelic, dominant, and recessive models. Heterogeneity (I² statistic) and sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS: Meta-analysis of serum IL-23 levels (six studies) showed no significant difference between patients and controls (Hedges’s g = -0.48, 95% CI: -1.58 to 0.62) with high heterogeneity (I² = 96.34%). For polymorphisms, the rs11209026 A allele showed a significant protective effect (OR = 0.52, p = 0.002). Conversely, rs2201841 increased psoriasis risk (OR = 1.39, p = 0.001), as did rs7530511 under the recessive model (OR = 1.29, p = 0.014). Significant associations were found between polymorphisms and both psoriasis severity (p < 0.001) and clinical type (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis confirms a significant association between IL23R polymorphisms and susceptibility to psoriasis, with rs11209026 being protective and rs2201841 conferring risk. However, data does not support serum IL-23 as a reliable biomarker. This study widens the view toward personalized medicine and using polymorphisms as prognostic models.</p>","PeriodicalId":9040,"journal":{"name":"BMC Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13019827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pretreatment immunoglobulin profiles and survival outcomes in hematologic malignancies and autoimmune cytopenias: a comparative cohort analysis.","authors":"Mehmet Emin Gerek, Atakan Tekinalp, Fatih Çölkesen, Tuğba Önalan, Fatma Arzu Akkuş, Mehmet Kılınç, Selim Kahraman, Şevket Arslan","doi":"10.1186/s12865-026-00813-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12865-026-00813-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Alterations in immunoglobulin levels are commonly observed in hematologic malignancies and immune-mediated cytopenias, reflecting underlying immune dysregulation. While the prognostic relevance of hypogammaglobulinemia (HGG) has been studied in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), comparable data across a broader range of hematologic diagnoses remain limited. This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of baseline immunoglobulin profiles (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE) across a heterogeneous cohort of patients with NHL, CLL, HL, ITP, and AIHA. Our primary objective was to evaluate the disease-specific associations of these profiles with survival outcomes to identify diagnostic groups that benefit most from baseline immune profiling. RESULTS: A total of 779 patients were included: 294 with NHL, 220 with CLL, 106 with HL, 128 with ITP, and 31 with AIHA. Quantitative and categorical analyses demonstrated significant differences in immunoglobulin levels across disease groups. CLL patients exhibited the highest frequency of low immunoglobulin levels, particularly for IgM and IgA. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed numerically shorter overall survival in patients with low pretreatment IgG levels, although this difference was not statistically significant in the pooled heterogeneous cohort (p = 0.119). However, this association was not confirmed in the overall multivariable Cox regression model. Subgroup analysis using diagnosis-specific Cox models identified normal/high IgG status as independently associated with improved survival in NHL (HR: 0.543; p = 0.017), but not in CLL, HL, ITP, or AIHA. Associations for IgA, IgM, and IgE with mortality were not evaluated in these diagnosis-specific models. CONCLUSIONS: While low pretreatment IgG levels were associated with poorer survival in the overall cohort on univariate analysis, this association was not significant in the multivariable model. However, subgroup analysis identified low IgG as an independent and significant predictor of mortality in patients with NHL, but not in other diagnoses. These findings highlight that the prognostic value of immunoglobulin profiling is highly disease-specific. Baseline IgG assessment appears most relevant for risk stratification in NHL. However, the use of all-cause mortality limits our ability to discern the specific mechanism (e.g., infection-related vs. disease-progression-related) underlying this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":9040,"journal":{"name":"BMC Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12997871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146164086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NDRG1 aggravates Sepsis-Induced acute lung injury via PKM2-dependent activation of STAT3 and NF-κB signaling.","authors":"Yifan Yang, Dian Zhang, Zhangling Xu, Chao Wang, Ruo Wu, Senlin Ma, Yinuo Yuan, Yuxin Sun, Junwei Qian, Xiaofei Jiang, Chunlai Ma, Mingquan Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12865-026-00812-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12865-026-00812-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis induces systemic inflammation and multi-organ dysfunction, with the lungs frequently affected. Elevated in endothelial cells under hypoxic and inflammatory stressors, NDRG1's contribution to septic pulmonary pathology remains largely uncharacterized. This study investigates whether NDRG1 exacerbates pulmonary inflammation through PKM2-dependent STAT3/NF-κB signaling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice underwent cecal ligation and perforation to model sepsis, with lung morphology examined by H&E staining. Transcriptional levels of VE-cadherin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were assessed by qPCR, while STAT3/NF-κB phosphorylation was determined by Western blot. NDRG1 localization in pulmonary endothelial cells was evaluated by immunofluorescence, and the NDRG1-PKM2-STAT3/NF-κB axis was further examined using Ndrg1 < sup>-/-</sup> mice and PKM2 modulators (shikonin; TEPP-46).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CLP-induced sepsis caused severe pulmonary hemorrhage, edema, and alveolar destruction, accompanied by increased ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and proinflammatory cytokines, as well as reduced VE-cadherin expression. NDRG1 was markedly upregulated in septic endothelia, while its deletion alleviated lung injury, inflammation, and cytokine release by inhibiting PKM2-dependent STAT3/NF-κB phosphorylation. PKM2 inhibition with shikonin reproduced, whereas activation with TEPP-46 abolished, these protective effects, confirming the NDRG1-PKM2-STAT3/NF-κB axis as a pivotal regulator of sepsis-induced pulmonary inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By orchestrating downstream STAT3 and NF-κB signaling cascades through PKM2 dependency, NDRG1 contributes to the progression of septic lung injury via increased inflammatory responses and disruption of endothelial integrity. Intervening in this signaling route may offer a viable avenue for therapeutic management of lung injury linked to sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9040,"journal":{"name":"BMC Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12990535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146155988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysfunction of the plasmacytoid dendritic cells in enterovirus 71-induced HFMD affecting children.","authors":"Xiao-Li He, Yuan-Tao Zhou, Yu-Miao Liu, Jia-Yuan Wu, Xiao-Ning Liu, Qin Yi, Xing-Xing Feng, Jia Yu, Li Li","doi":"10.1186/s12865-026-00807-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12865-026-00807-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells (pDCs) in Enterovirus-71 (EV71)-induced Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated pDCs in severe HFMD patients infected with EV71. Flow cytometry revealed reduced pDC percentage in severe patients compared to healthy controls. In vitro, as EV71 replicated in pDCs, live cell numbers and levels of Interferon-alpha (IFN-a) and Interleukin (IL)-6 decreased, while IL-10 and Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-a) increased, particularly in critically ill patients. Notably, pDCs derived from critically ill patients exhibited significantly lower amplification rate and antiviral cytokine secretion compared to healthy controls. Analysis of the infection time course demonstrated that TLR7 expression rapidly increased at 6 h post-infection (h.p.i.), while its downstream signaling molecules reached higher levels by 24 h. TLR7 expression itself significantly decreased at 24 h.p.i. Pretreatment with the TLR7 inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) effectively suppressed the upregulation of TLR7. Concurrently, EV71 VP1 protein expression in the CQ-treated group remained at a moderate level throughout the time course, whereas it increased progressively in the untreated group. These findings suggest that EV71 may dynamically modulate the TLR7 pathway to evade innate immune recognition. In conclusion, EV71 may manipulate pDCs proliferation and cytokine secretion, evading the antiviral immune response, inducing cell tolerance, and promoting apoptosis. We speculate that EV71-induced inactivation of pDCs may contribute to disease deterioration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9040,"journal":{"name":"BMC Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12964917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146123437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors for moderate-to-severe psoriasis in Asian populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Alzghool, Song Jiquan, Musa Bin Bashir","doi":"10.1186/s12865-025-00789-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12865-025-00789-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting a significant portion of the global population. Biologics targeting the IL-17 and IL-23 pathways are effective in treating moderate-to-severe psoriasis; however, most clinical trials have been conducted in Western populations, leaving limited data on their efficacy and safety in Asian populations. Ethnic differences due to genetic and environmental factors can influence treatment responses. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of IL-17/23 inhibitors in Asian patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2019 and 2025 was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Comprehensive searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Scopus and clinicaltrial.gov databases to identify studies evaluating IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors in Asian adults with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Eligible studies compared these biologics with placebo or active comparators. The primary outcome was treatment efficacy, assessed by improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). Secondary outcomes included treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs). Data were pooled using random-effects models, and results were expressed as Odds ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: A total of 30 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 14,000 Asian and mixed-ethnicity participants were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant overall efficacy advantage of IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors over placebo or active comparators (log OR = 1.25; 95% CI 0.98–1.52; p < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses confirmed consistent treatment responses across efficacy measures—PASI 75 (log OR = 1.36; 95% CI 0.97–1.75; I² = 64.5%) and PASI 90 (log OR = 1.23; 95% CI 0.87–1.58; I² = 92.4%)—as well as across biologic classes (IL-17: log OR = 1.43 [1.09–1.77]; IL-23: log OR = 1.04 [0.60–1.49]). When stratified by population, efficacy remained high among Asian cohorts (log OR = 1.40 [1.17–1.62]) and mixed populations (log OR = 1.08 [0.51–1.65]). Safety analyses showed that treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were mostly mild to moderate (50–85% for IL-17, 64–92% for IL-23), and serious adverse events (SAEs) occurred in < 5% of patients, without treatment-related deaths or unexpected immune-mediated events. CONCLUSIONS: IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors demonstrate high efficacy and favorable safety profiles in Asian adults with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, consistent with global evidence. Both biologic classes achieved substantial clinical improvements in PASI with low rates of serious adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":9040,"journal":{"name":"BMC Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146104026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saussurea involucrata oral liquid alleviates joint inflammation in CIA rats by modulating macrophage polarization and glucose metabolism.","authors":"Saimire Maimaitituersun, Wubulikasimu Mijiti, Shan Cong, Xue Zhao, Ziyu Zhou, Peng Ji, Li Luo","doi":"10.1186/s12865-026-00811-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12865-026-00811-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Saussurea involucrata Oral Liquid (SIOL) in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model. METHODS: This study was conducted from April 2023 to June 2024. Sixty male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, model, tripterygium glycosides tablet (TGT) group, and low, medium, and high doses of SIOL. CIA was induced by subcutaneous injection of bovine type II collagen (CII) and incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA). Treatment groups received corresponding doses of SIOL or TGT. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed through body weight, arthritis index (AI), ankle diameter, and toe volume. Joint tissue pathology, serum and synovial inflammatory factors, macrophage polarization, and plasma metabolites were analyzed using H&E staining, ELISA, flow cytometry, Western blotting, and LC–MS. RESULTS: SIOL significantly reduced AI, ankle diameter, toe volume, and pathological scores compared to the model group. SIOL also decreased serum and synovial proinflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β while increasing anti-inflammatory IL-10 and IL-4. Medium and high doses of SIOL notably lowered M1 macrophage markers CD86 and iNOS, while elevating M2 markers CD163 and Arg-1. No significant differences were observed between the medium/high SIOL and TGT groups regarding therapeutic effects. Additionally, SIOL (high dose) markedly reduced glucose metabolism-related plasma metabolites, particularly key metabolites in the TCA cycle. A significant correlation was found between macrophage polarization, inflammatory markers, and metabolite levels. CONCLUSION: SIOL alleviates joint inflammation in CIA rats, which is associated with modulation of macrophage polarization and alterations in glucose metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9040,"journal":{"name":"BMC Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12958595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146104014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polypore mushroom mycelia as an adjunct to COVID-19 vaccination: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Gordon Saxe, Christine N Smith, Shahrokh Golshan, Tatyana Shekhtman, Zolton J Bair, Chase Beathard, Renee A Davis, Lauray MacElhern, Andrew Shubov, Daniel Slater, Lan K Kao, Phoebe Senowitz, Stephen Wilson","doi":"10.1186/s12865-026-00809-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12865-026-00809-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Use of fungal mycelium as a vaccination adjunct may constitute a novel antiviral strategy to address newly emerging viruses. We evaluated safety and feasibility of a fungal mycelium-based natural product (Fomitopsis officinalis and Trametes versicolor, FoTv) as an adjunct to human COVID-19 vaccination, as well as its impact on vaccine side-effects and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (Abs). METHODS: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving adjunctive treatment with FoTv or visually-identical Placebo (dosage: eight 500-mg capsules TID orally for four days) in combination with COVID-19 vaccination. Main outcomes included: Safety (adverse events, renal and hepatic function [Days 1–14]); Feasibility (completion rate and treatment adherence); Side-effects (number and severity, self-reported on days 1 [vaccination] to 5); and anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ab levels (receptor-binding domain and Spike, collected from blood drawn on days 1, 3, 14, and 28/42, and at 6 months). RESULTS: Ninety participants receiving COVID-19 vaccination were randomized to either FoTv (N = 52) or Placebo (N = 38) groups. There were no adverse events and the groups had overlapping 95% confidence intervals for the percentage of participants transitioning from normal to abnormal renal/hepatic function when comparing Days 1 and 14. All participants (100%) completed the study and treatment adherence was greater than 95%. Participants with detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 Abs (from prior COVID antigen exposure) were classified as “COVID-Exposed” and those with undetectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 Abs as “COVID-Naive.” FoTv, versus Placebo, significantly reduced side-effects in COVID-Naive individuals, specifically on days 3 and 5, but not in COVID-Exposed individuals. In the COVID-Naive FoTv group, Ab responses were preserved across 6 months (and possibly increased), an effect not observed among other groups. CONCLUSIONS: After COVID-19 vaccination, adjunctive FoTv was safe, feasible, and reduced vaccine side-effects without compromising (and possibly increasing) Ab levels up to 6 months in participants without previous SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Use of fungal mycelia was successfully tested as a unique approach to prevent a novel pandemic virus (SARS-CoV-2), with potential application to H5N1/Bird Flu and other emerging viruses. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registered on ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04951336 on June 30, 2021.</p>","PeriodicalId":9040,"journal":{"name":"BMC Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146096887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between gut microbiota-derived TMAO, systemic inflammatory markers, and echocardiographic findings in patients with common variable immunodeficiency.","authors":"Selin Uğraklı, Fatih Çölkesen, Sefa Tatar, Mehmet Emin Gerek, Şevket Arslan, Emine Göktaş, Cemile Topcu, Bahadır Feyzioğlu","doi":"10.1186/s12865-026-00810-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12865-026-00810-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic primary immunodeficiency in adults. While infections are common, over 50% of patients exhibit autoimmune and immune activation related complications. Chronic inflammation from dysbiosis may affect the heart in CVID, though its relationship with gut barrier and echocardiographic findings is still unclear. This study investigates the associations between intestinal permeability, Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels, immune activation, and cardiac function in CVID patients. METHODS: The study included 31 CVID patients and 31 matched healthy controls. Serum zonulin, TMAO, soluble CD14 (sCD14), soluble CD25 (sCD25), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-17 A levels were measured by ELISA. Cardiac function was assessed using speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE), focusing on global longitudinal strain (GLS). RESULTS: Increased levels of zonulin and TMAO were observed in CVID patients. sCD14 and sCD25 levels correlated strongly with TMAO. TMAO showed a negative correlation with Ejection Fraction and a positive correlation with Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAP). No significant differences were found in serum TNF-α and IL-17 A levels in the compared groups. Compared to the control group (-19.90 ± 2.41), a remarkable reduction in mean GLS (-18.13 ± 3.13) was determined in the CVID group. These results are early indicators of myocardial dysfunction. Strain analysis showed a significant decrease in negative Apical 4-Chamber View Basal Longitudinal Strain (AP4B) and Apical 3-Chamber View Basal Longitudinal Strain AP3B values in the CVID group (p = 0.012 and p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, elevated serum zonulin and TMAO levels correlated with increased intestinal permeability and immune activation in CVID. High TMAO was linked to early myocardial dysfunction, highlighting the potential of microbiome-targeted therapies and advanced echocardiography for early cardiac risk detection in CVID.</p>","PeriodicalId":9040,"journal":{"name":"BMC Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12922402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146096912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}