BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth最新文献

{"title":"Definition of thin endometrium from the perspective of miscarriage following frozen embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study of 15,979 pregnancies.","authors":"Liu Jiang, Haoming Huang, Yueping Zhou, Yuchen Gong, Xiujuan Tan, Kun Qian","doi":"10.1186/s12884-026-09669-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-026-09669-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to explore whether an endometrial thickness (EMT) cutoff of 7 mm or 8 mm was more appropriate to define thin endometrium (TE) from the perspective of miscarriage and obstetric-neonatal complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 15,979 patients who had a positive serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin test after undergoing their first frozen-thaw embryo transfer. The main outcomes were early pregnancy loss, late pregnancy loss, and the rates of obstetric and neonatal complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When TE was defined by EMT <8 mm, the TE group exhibited a similar risk of early miscarriage (17.2% versus 15.7%, P=0.086) to the control group (EMT ≥8 mm). However, the TE group defined by EMT <7 mm had significantly higher rates of early miscarriage (21.5% versus 15.6%, P<0.001) than the control group (EMT ≥7 mm). The conclusion remained consistent after adjustment for age and other confounders in logistic regression. In addition, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for preterm birth increased from 1.281 (95% CI: 1.022-1.606) at an EMT <8 mm to 2.050 (95% CI: 1.427-2.945) at an EMT <7 mm, and the aOR for low birth weight increased from 1.394 (95% CI: 1.041-1.867) at an EMT <8 mm to 2.488 (95% CI: 1.611-3.843) at an EMT <7 mm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>When thin endometrium was defined as EMT <7 mm, the TE group had significantly higher risks of early miscarriage, preterm birth, and low birth weight than when thin endometrium was defined as EMT <8 mm. Because dilation and curettage after miscarriage may further damage the endometrium in patients with thin endometrium, pregnancy loss should be considered when debating the definition of thin endometrium.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention and management of postpartum hemorrhage and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: results from a 31-country rapid assessment.","authors":"Gaurav Sharma, Angeline Noriega, Aleefia Somji, Andre Blockett, Patricia Gomez, Leah Elliott, Blami Dao, Alma Virginia Camacho Hubner, Suzanne Stalls","doi":"10.1186/s12884-026-09679-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-026-09679-w","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP) remain leading causes of maternal death. This multi-country survey asked key informants to assess uptake of evidence-based practices; determine their country's implementation of updated WHO global guidelines; and describe the private sector's role in PPH and HDP management. To our knowledge, this is among the few multi-country assessments to examine national implementation of updated WHO recommendations for PPH and HDP alongside private-sector engagement across three major regions-sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean-providing a comparative view to guide advocacy and programme planning.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;From January to May 2022, 35 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean were invited to complete a survey (based on 2011 and 2012 surveys) on PPH and HDP management across public and private sectors on PPH and HDP management. Using purposive sampling, country-based focal persons assembled national expert teams from public and private sectors in health policy, education, procurement/distribution, logistics, and information systems to complete the survey. Teams produced consensus-based answers by reviewing nationally available data and policy documents. The Study Team developed composite scores for key quantitative indicators and thematically analyzed qualitative data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Thirty-one countries completed the survey. Despite significant progress since 2012, several gaps remain. Oxytocin was reported as regularly available in public facilities by 77% of countries and in private facilities by 84% of countries. Magnesium sulfate was reported as available in public facilities by 58% of countries and in private facilities by 45% of countries. Interventions like umbilical vein injection of oxytocin for retained placenta (13% of countries) and heat-stable carbetocin for PPH prevention (45% of countries) were less integrated in national policy guidelines. Since 2011, midwifery scope of practice remained stagnant for manual removal of placenta for PPH, diagnosing severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, and giving the loading dose of MgSO4, but 60% of countries in 2022 reported that newer PPH treatments (such as tranexamic acid) were included. Quality assurance systems for procurement of essential drugs and data reporting into national information systems were deficient, particularly in the private sector.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Recommendations include prioritizing integration of updated global guidelines; improving uptake through professional education, mentorship, and supervision; quality assurance; strengthening procurement and supply chains to improve access, availability, and quality of essential drugs and commodities; expanding midwives' scope of practice; and improving private sector governance to enhance re","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13681778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scorpion envenomation in pregnancy: clinical symptoms, maternal and fetal outcomes and management strategies.","authors":"Kowsar Qaderi, Foruzan Sharifipour, Shahla Faal Siahkal","doi":"10.1186/s12884-026-09576-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-026-09576-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Scorpion stings pose a significant public health threat, particularly in developing regions, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. This systematic review assesses the clinical manifestations, maternal and fetal outcomes, and evaluates the treatment approaches in pregnant women affected by scorpion stings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in multiple databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, SID, and Magiran) from inception to October 26, 2024. Case reports, case series, and observational studies with accessible full texts were included based on predefined eligibility criteria. Data extraction included study characteristics, maternal and gestational age, scorpion species, symptoms, and pregnancy outcomes. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed independently by two reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports and NIH (National Institutes of Health) Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Disagreements were resolved by consensus or consultation with a third reviewer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 14 studies were included in the review, comprising case reports and case series from various countries. The average maternal age was 27.14 years, and gestational age averaged 23.94 weeks. Common symptoms reported included localized pain (71.4%), nausea (14.3%), vomiting (14.3%), fever (14.3%), and abnormal vital signs (7.1%) in severe cases. The majority of studies (78.6%) indicated low symptom severity. Maternal and fetal outcomes were generally favorable, although severe outcomes, such as maternal death and intrauterine fetal death, were reported in a few cases. Antivenom was administered in only four cases (28.6%) indicating a potential gap in its use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Scorpion envenomation during pregnancy typically presents with localized pain, while severe systemic symptoms are less common. Although most maternal and fetal outcomes are favorable, serious complications such as maternal or intrauterine fetal death can occur. These findings suggest that antivenom may be underutilized in pregnant women. Therefore, we recommend: (1) increased vigilance for severe symptoms, especially abnormal vital signs; (2) timely antivenom administration in moderate-to-severe cases; and (3) standardized reporting of pregnancy-specific outcomes. Large prospective studies are urgently needed to establish evidence-based management guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between gestational weight gain and adverse pregnancy outcomes in advanced maternal age: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Shan Zhao, Sun Guo, Chenhong Cao, Lele Wang, Furong Xing, Jianya Ye, Xue Cong, Chongkai Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12884-026-09596-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-026-09596-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the association between gestational-age-adjusted gestational weight gain (GWG) and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes among women of advanced maternal age (AMA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 714 singleton pregnant women aged 35 years or older who received antenatal care and delivered at Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2022 and December 2025. GWG was calculated as the difference between pre-delivery weight and pre-pregnancy weight. Based on the Chinese standard WS/T 801-2022, participants were classified into insufficient, adequate, and excessive GWG groups using gestational-age-adjusted recommended ranges according to pre-pregnancy body mass index. Baseline characteristics, pregnancy complications, maternal outcomes, and neonatal outcomes were compared across GWG categories. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between GWG categories and adverse outcomes, with adequate GWG as the reference group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 714 women included in the analysis, 112 (15.7%) had insufficient GWG, 282 (39.5%) had adequate GWG, and 320 (44.8%) had excessive GWG. After adjustment for potential confounders, insufficient GWG was associated with increased risks of premature rupture of membranes (aOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.01-2.69), gestational hypothyroidism (aOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.08-3.30), and low birth weight (aOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.05-4.29). Excessive GWG was associated with increased risks of cesarean delivery (aOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.04-2.08), postpartum anemia (aOR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.12-2.84), preeclampsia (aOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.01-2.89), and macrosomia (aOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.16-3.88). The association between GWG category and preterm birth was attenuated after adjustment. Sensitivity analysis restricted to term pregnancies yielded generally consistent results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among women of advanced maternal age, both insufficient and excessive gestational-age-adjusted GWG were associated with increased risks of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. These findings suggest that individualized monitoring and management of GWG during pregnancy may help improve pregnancy outcomes in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13488249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondria-localized protein-encoding genes and programmed cell death-related genes reveal potential molecular perturbations underlying spontaneous preterm birth.","authors":"Luguang Zuo, Qingsong Huai, Mingming Zhang, Xin Liu, Xiaoling Shang","doi":"10.1186/s12884-026-09686-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-026-09686-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple programmed cell death (PCD) modalities, including apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis, are closely implicated in spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB). Mitochondria serve as central regulators of various PCD pathways, playing a critical role in cellular stress responses and homeostasis. However, comprehensive studies integrating mitochondria-localized protein-encoding genes and PCD-related genes to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying SPTB remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two gene expression datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were analyzed. Mitochondria-localized protein-encoding genes from MitoCarta3.0 and curated PCD-related gene sets were combined to define a mitochondrial PCD-related gene set (mtPCD-RGs). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SPTB and control samples were identified, and their intersection with mtPCD-RGs was obtained. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, followed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, random forest (RF) modeling to identify hub genes. External validation of gene expression was performed. Subsequent analyses included gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), immune infiltration analysis, and the construction of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 63 intersecting genes were identified, and 46 genes were retained after PPI network filtering. BST2 and TRIM22 were eventually identified as key hub genes for SPTB, and their incorporation into a nomogram enabled individualized risk prediction for clinical application. Immunological analysis revealed significant differences in naïve CD4 + T cells, resting NK cells, monocytes, and eosinophils in SPTB peripheral blood samples compared to the control group. BST2 and TRIM22 showed positive correlations with monocyte abundance and negative correlations with naïve CD4 + T cells and resting NK cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BST2 and TRIM22 are identified as pivotal genes in SPTB, potentially reflecting different outcomes of pregnancy, respectively. These genes may serve as potential biomarkers and provide mechanistic insights into SPTB, highlighting promising targets for future therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal cephalohematoma following external cephalic version: a case report.","authors":"Jiangyan Xie","doi":"10.1186/s12884-026-09668-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-026-09668-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>External cephalic version (ECV) is an obstetric procedure that involves manually turning the fetus inside the pregnant woman's abdomen to change a breech or transverse presentation to a cephalic presentation. It can significantly increase the proportion of cephalic presentations during delivery and reduce the cesarean section rate for term singleton breech presentations, making it a relatively safe operation. In this case, we report a case of fetal cephalohematoma following ECV, which has not been previously documented in the literature.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 33-year-old multiparous woman with a breech presentation underwent an ECV at 39 weeks and 1 day of gestation. Nifedipine was taken orally before the procedure to inhibit uterine contractions, and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was performed. ECV was successful on the third attempt. On the 10th postoperative day, an ultrasound examination revealed a fetal cephalohematoma, and a cesarean section was eventually performed. The fetal cephalohematoma gradually resolved after birth, without causing severe adverse effects on the newborn.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ECV has few complications and can significantly reduce the cesarean section rate in breech presentations. However, during the procedure, it is important to strengthen perioperative management and improve the operator's professional skills to reduce the risk of complications. The procedure should be performed gently, without unnecessary force.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of vitamin A deficiency and associated factors among pregnant women in Wolaita Sodo, Southern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Eyerusalem Endrias Toma, Samson Kastro Dake, Dibora Teferi Haile, Abebe Bitew Zegeye, Teshome Assefa Gebeyehu, Asrat Yehualashet Aklile, Misganaw Andualem Tamire, Tadesse G/Giyorgis Takele, Kelemua Tesfaye Wolde, Elazar Tadesse","doi":"10.1186/s12884-026-09670-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-026-09670-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem in Ethiopia. However, there is paucity of evidence in Vitamin A deficiency among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to determine the level of vitamin A deficiency and identify associated factors among pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Wolaita Sodo, Southern Ethiopia from May-July 2020. Four hundred twenty two pregnant women were selected by using simple random sampling. Serum retinol concentration was determined by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Data were analyzed in RStudio and binary logistic regression analysis was done. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency among pregnant women was 21.8% and the mean serum retinol level was 0.92 µmol/L. Women Aged 30 years or older (AOR = 7.80, 95% CI: 1.69, 36.01), did not attend ANC follow-up (AOR = 5.38, 95% CI: 1.55, 18.71), and did not consume green leafy vegetables (AOR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.16, 6.29) were more likely to become vitamin A deficient. On the other hand, women from a household with middle (AOR = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.31), richer (AOR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.31), and richest (AOR = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.18) wealth index, and have a dietary diversity score of four or more (AOR, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.12) had a lower odds of being vitamin A deficient.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency among pregnant women in the study area was high. Food-based approaches that focus on dietary diversification like gardening of vegetables and poultry production should be promoted. Health extension workers should recommend pregnant women to attend ANC. We recommend further studies to perform serum alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and C - reactive protein analyses to adjust for inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of hemoglobin trajectories during pregnancy with preterm birth and non-reassuring fetal status: a retrospective cohort study using latent growth mixture modeling.","authors":"Xiaohong Yu, Hongli Nie, Wenzhen Yang, Jing Tang, Xuexue Huang, Yongmei Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s12884-026-09688-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-026-09688-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most prior studies on anemia in pregnancy, preterm birth (PTB), and non-reassuring fetal status (NRFS) use only single-trimester hemoglobin concentrations and fail to capture gestational hemoglobin changes. This study aimed to assess the associations of pregnancy hemoglobin trajectories with these two adverse perinatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted using pregnancy records from Longquanyi District of Chengdu Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital (from July 2024 to June 2025) , involving 2,954 pregnant women with complete serial hemoglobin measurements. The outcome measures were PTB and NRFS. Latent growth mixture modeling was applied to identify distinct hemoglobin trajectories during pregnancy. Binary logistic regression was constructed to explore the association between hemoglobin trajectories and birth outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of anemia during pregnancy was 29.8% in 2954 pregnant women. Three distinct hemoglobin trajectories were identified: Traj-1 (high-rapid decline), Traj-2 (moderate-gradual decline), and Traj-3 (low-delayed recovery). Compared with the Traj-2 group, both the Traj-1 (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.780, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.144, 2.769) and Traj-3 (aOR = 2.051, 95% CI 1.084, 3.881) groups were significantly associated with PTB. Moreover, the Traj-3 (aOR = 2.580, 95% CI 1.223, 5.440) group exhibited an increased risk of NRFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that specific longitudinal hemoglobin trajectories, particularly high-rapid decline and low-delayed recovery patterns, exhibited an increased risk of PTB and NRFS, highlighting the clinical value of dynamic monitoring over single-point assessment in the practice of maternal and child health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum vitamin D levels and postpartum afterpain in multigravida women.","authors":"Roya Nikjou, Maryam Isazadeh, Sajedeh Kouhi, Omid Yeganeh, Mohadese Aghaei Nejad, Soheila Shabani-Mashcool, Ali Safarzadeh, Abbas Shafie, Yasamin Pahlavan","doi":"10.1186/s12884-026-09589-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-026-09589-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postpartum afterpains are cramp-like uterine contractions commonly experienced during the first days after childbirth. Although vitamin D has been linked to pain perception, evidence regarding its association with postpartum afterpains remains limited. This study aimed to examine the association between maternal serum vitamin D levels and postpartum afterpain intensity in multigravida women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this analytical cross-sectional study, 105 multigravida mothers were assessed for afterpain intensity at 6, 12, 18, and 24 h postpartum using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured within 24 h after delivery using ELISA. Routine hematological indices (white blood cell count, platelet count, hemoglobin) were obtained from standard postpartum CBC tests. Statistical analyses were performed using R and SPSS software, with significance set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower serum vitamin D levels were associated with higher afterpain intensity during the first 6 h postpartum. Pain scores decreased between the first and second measurement points. Mothers with blood type B reported higher pain scores at the first and second time points. Additionally, afterpain intensity at the second time point showed an association with the type of labor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified an association between lower serum vitamin D levels and greater postpartum afterpain severity in multigravida women during the early postpartum period. Given the correlational design, causality cannot be inferred. Further longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to determine whether optimizing vitamin D status may help reduce postpartum afterpain and support maternal recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of single-cell sequencing and transcriptomic analysis to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers for pre-eclampsia.","authors":"Zhengrui Huang, Jiachun Wei, Lu Sun, Andong He, Xiufang Wang, Jian Wang, Wanchang Yin, Xinyao Lu, Jing Li, Ruiman Li","doi":"10.1186/s12884-026-09361-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-026-09361-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pre-eclampsia is a significant obstetric complication. Immune cells within the maternal circulatory system hold substantial promises for the diagnosis and treatment of pre-eclampsia. However, research focusing on the maternal circulatory system remains inadequate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted differential analysis and weighted correlation network analysis on a dataset to identify blood biomarkers for early-onset pre-eclampsia. These biomarkers were subsequently validated through ELISA. Multiple bioinformatic analyses were subsequently performed to predict the biological functions associated with the selected genes and potential protein‒miRNA regulatory relationships. Additionally, by analysing single-cell transcriptomic data from blood samples, we predicted the genetic profiles of the selected genes, investigated changes in the proportion of blood immune cells and abnormalities in intercellular communication in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia, and predicted potential protein-compound interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified and validated the expression levels of F2R-like trypsin receptor 1 (F2RL1) and granzyme H (GZMH) in maternal blood samples obtained from women with and without pre-eclampsia. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that F2RL1 participates in the regulation of classic signaling pathways, including the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway, oxidative stress-induced endogenous apoptosis signaling pathway, and vesicle targeting process. GZMH primarily contributes to immune processes associated with natural killer cells. Analysis of single-cell sequencing datasets revealed significant alterations in T cells and haematopoietic stem cell growth factor (HSC-G-CSF) within the maternal blood system during the onset of pre-eclampsia. Furthermore, receptor-ligand interaction analysis and protein-compound interaction analysis highlighted the critical role of aspirin in alleviating pre-eclampsia pathology, while also revealing the potential therapeutic value of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified the pre-eclampsia biomarkers F2RL1 and GZMH, which showed good diagnostic value. This research provides new insights for the prediction of pre-eclampsia and deepens our understanding of changes in the maternal blood immune system during pre-eclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}