BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of oxidative stress markers and the angiogenic factors in preeclampsia and associated features.","authors":"Marium Tariq, Ghazala Shaheen, Mehwish David, Sarwat Jahan, Tayyaba Afsar, Fohad Mabood Husain, Houda Amor, Suhail Razak","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-08165-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08165-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex hypertensive pregnancy disorder with a multifaceted aetiology. The current study focuses on determining the role of potent oxidative stress markers and sEng in susceptibility to PE, as well as investigating the morphometric and histopathological alterations induced in the fetal membranes of women with PE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current case-control study involves 200 participants, 100 with Preeclampsia and 100 normotensive control women. A total of 200 urine (PE/Control = 100), 200 blood (PE/Control = 100), 200 placenta (PE/Control = 100), and 100 fetal membrane samples (PE/Control = 50) were collected. Urine samples were analysed to measure protein concentrations. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) levels were analysed through a spectrophotometer in both serum and placental samples. sEng levels were observed through ELISA. Histomorphological and histomorphometric analyses were performed on fetal membranes. Data was statistically analysed using the independent sample t-test, the Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square, logistic regression, and Fisher's exact test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of sEng and potent oxidative stress markers in serum and placental tissues of both groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly increased urine proteinuria (p < 0.001) was observed in the PE group. The serum and placental samples of the PE group showed elevated ROS and TBARS levels. sEng levels showed significant elevations in both serum (p < 0.05) and placental tissues (p < 0.01) of PE patients when compared to the control group. ROC analysis identified sEng, ROS, and TBARS as the strongest diagnostic biomarkers for preeclampsia, demonstrating high diagnostic value. The histological analysis of fetal membranes revealed complex decidual vasculopathy in the PE group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study revealed that elevated oxidative stress markers and sEng levels might be involved in the pathophysiology of PE. These findings suggest a strong association between oxidative stress, angiogenic imbalance, and vascular pathology in preeclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"1006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of SMILE-MOM: a metaverse-based support program for single mothers.","authors":"Minyoung Woo, Sun-Mi Chae","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-08099-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08099-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"1003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with adolescent pregnancy in Zambia: a secondary data analysis of the 2018 Zambia demographic and health survey.","authors":"Whiteson Mbele, Babucarr Jassey, Newton Nyirenda","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-08063-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08063-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, complications from pregnancy and childbirth are the leading causes of death among adolescent girls aged 15-19 years. In Zambia, nearly three in ten adolescent girls have begun childbearing, with rates as high as 35% in rural areas. These high rates contribute to adverse maternal and newborn outcomes, perpetuating intergenerational cycles of poverty and limiting opportunities for education and economic empowerment among young mothers. This study explored factors associated with adolescent pregnancy in Zambia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2018 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 2,996 adolescents aged 15-19 years were included in the analysis. This study utilized the socioecological model to select potential influencing factors for adolescent pregnancy. Descriptive and multivariable analyses were conducted using SPSS version 22 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of adolescent pregnancy was 29.9%. Most adolescents had no sexual partners (59.0%), and 49.7% had initiated sexual intercourse. Factors independently associated with adolescent pregnancy included increasing age, marital status (AOR = 5.4; 95% CI: 3.7, 7.9), knowledge about contraception (AOR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.2, 9.8), use of contraception (AOR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.2, 9.8), literacy level (AOR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.6), and exposure to family planning messages in newspapers or magazines (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.1, 6.4). Other factors included wealth status (AOR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2, 4.1 for richer versus richest, AOR = 3.8; 95% CI: 1.9, 7.6 for middle versus richest, AOR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.7, 6.8 for poor versus richest, AOR = 4.2; 95% CI: 2.0, 8.9 for poorer versus richest) and age at first sexual intercourse (AOR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.3, 3.4 for 15-17 versus 18-19, AOR = 3.8; 95% CI: 2.1, 6.9 for less than 15 versus 18-19).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Key factors associated with adolescent pregnancy in Zambia include older age, early marriage, low literacy, low socioeconomic status, early sexual initiation, and limited exposure to family planning messages via newspapers. Interventions to address this problem should include behavioral change communication strategies that discourage early sexual debut, especially among older adolescents. Furthermore, leveraging media platforms, particularly newspapers, in disseminating accurate messages on contraception and enforcing statutory laws on the legal age of marriage are crucial efforts in addressing this problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"1005"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surprised by the transition to an unknown body: quantitative and qualitative aspects of activity limitations and physical changes during the first year post-partum.","authors":"Sabine Vesting, Gun Rembeck, Monika Fagevik Olsén, Annelie Gutke, Maria E H Larsson","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-08224-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08224-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postpartum women require more individualized support from healthcare providers. However, current care may be insufficient, partly due to a limited understanding of how women experience their symptoms and recovery during this period. The aim was to describe experienced activity limitations during the first year post-partum and to explore and describe women's experiences of physical changes and recovery after childbirth.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In an observational prospective cohort study, 504 participants reported activity limitations after childbirth via patient-specific functional scales at 3, 6, and 12 months post-partum (Cohort 1). The participants also reported causes for these limitations in free-text format. To enrich this dataset with narrative insights, an additional group of 14 women (3─12 months post-partum) was recruited for interviews (Cohort 2). The two datasets were analysed via quantitative and qualitative content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Cohort 1, 48% of the participants reported limitations in high-impact activities (e.g., running, jumping or ball sports) at 3 months post-partum, whereas 41% reported limitations at 12 months post-partum. Other limited activities in the first six months included exercising, lifting/carrying and brisk walks. The main causes for these limitations were pain, vaginal heaviness and urinary incontinence, sensations of instability, and hesitancy to start exercising. Cohort 2 revealed the theme 'Surprised by the transition to an unknown body,' illustrating women's insecurity about new bodily experiences after childbirth and an experienced need for understanding. The struggle of accepting and adjusting to physical changes contrasts with trust in their bodies' recovery and ability to adapt life to changes. Recovery can be seen as an accomplishment. Unexpected, unfamiliar physical changes can lead to fear of incomplete recovery and sadness about losing the prepregnancy body. The combination of breastfeeding and hormonal changes while recovering from physical changes can be challenging.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pain, urinary incontinence, and unfamiliar pelvic sensations, such as vaginal heaviness, can limit postpartum activities. Early limitations seem to arise from uncertainty about feelings of weakness and instability, whereas persistent limitations are usually due to pain or leakage. Early reassurance, information, and tailored guidance could support recovery, while persistent symptoms may require targeted treatment to address evolving needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"1002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of mindfulness-based couple-centered intervention in parents following fetal abnormalities requiring pregnancy termination: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Shiwen Sun, Jialu Qian, Yaping Sun, Chunxiao Hu, Xiaojuan Zeng, Ju Ma, Ying Yao, Kaiying Wang, Xiaoyan Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-08138-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08138-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"1004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between triglyceride-glucose index in the early trimester of pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes.","authors":"Xinghua He, Xueqing He, Yibo Zhou, Jia Liu, Guang Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-08121-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08121-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adverse pregnancy outcomes seriously affect the health of pregnant women and fetuses. However, no typical symptoms occur in the early trimester of pregnancy. The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in the early trimester for adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2,847 singleton pregnant women without preconception diabetes and hypertension were included. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between the TyG index and pregnancy adverse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TyG index in the early trimester of pregnancy was an independent risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (OR = 2.16, 95%CI 1.63-2.87, P < 0.001) and gestational hypertension (GH) (OR = 1.95, 95%CI 1.14-3.33, P < 0.05). The optimal cut-off point of the TyG index for GDM was 8.345 (sensitivity 53.33%, specificity 70.19%), and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.630 (95% CI 0.600-0.660, P < 0.001). The optimal cut-off point of the TyG index for predicting GH was 8.425 (sensitivity 46.67%, specificity 76.19%), and the AUC was 0.622 (95%CI 0.578-0.665, P < 0.001). The restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve showed that there was a significant linear association between the early trimester TyG index and GDM or GH when it was > 8.167.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The first-trimester TyG index is closely associated with the development of GDM and GH among pregnant women. An elevated TyG index in early trimester pregnancy may help predict the risk of GDM and GH, which provides an effective marker for us to prevent and detect adverse pregnancy outcomes in the early stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal care experiences of first-time mothers navigating socioeconomic challenges during pregnancy in New Brunswick: a qualitative descriptive study.","authors":"Matthew Stackhouse, Lisa Wallace, Haylie Simmons, Caitlin Robertson, Julie Caissie, Sandra Magalhaes","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-08150-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08150-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mothers facing socioeconomic challenges encounter substantial barriers to consistent, quality prenatal care, essential for reducing adverse birth outcomes. This study explores the barriers and facilitators to accessing prenatal care experienced by socioeconomically disadvantaged first-time mothers in New Brunswick, Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative design was used to examine prenatal care experiences among first-time mothers facing socioeconomic disadvantage in New Brunswick. Participants were recruited between February and March 2024 through community organizations, including Family Resource Centres, using purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed thematically using NVivo 14.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four key themes emerged from the experiences of 11 participants: (i) structural challenges and discontinuity disrupt prenatal healthcare delivery; (ii) social and physical distance constrain access to prenatal services; (iii) prenatal care experiences amplify the emotional dimensions of pregnancy and birth; and (iv) relational interactions shape prenatal service access and quality. Participants described systemic issues including provider shortages, fragmented care, and long wait times. Geographic barriers particularly affected rural participants, creating travel burdens and limiting service access. Emotional dimensions of care were influenced by provider interactions, with negative experiences eroding trust and positive interactions providing emotional anchoring. Informal networks and community-based organizations served as critical facilitators, providing accessible support and bridging gaps in formal systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Socioeconomically disadvantaged first-time mothers face compounding barriers to prenatal care in New Brunswick. Addressing these disparities requires integrated public health approaches that coordinate care across providers and settings, expand community-based services, and reduce geographic and financial barriers. Participants relied primarily on informal networks and community organizations rather than formal programs, highlighting needs for improved outreach and service integration to better support vulnerable mothers during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the dietary inflammatory index and dietary approaches to stop hypertension and risk of gestational diabetes: a case-control study.","authors":"Amirabbas Moarefian, Shervin Kazeminejad, Masumeh Gharang, Anahita Mansoori","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-08123-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08123-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although multiple studies have explored the connection between dietary patterns and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk in Iran, there are limited and inconsistent results on the DASH diet's relationship, especially with attention to diet-related inflammation. Given the high prevalence of GDM and the limited number of studies in the Middle East, this study aimed to investigate the link between the DASH diet, Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and GDM among Iranian women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study, conducted in healthcare facilities in Abadan, Iran, included 138 pregnant women with GDM and 136 healthy controls. GDM was diagnosed based on a 2-hour 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test conducted between 24 to 28 weeks of gestation. The FFQ with 147 items was used to assess the usual food intake of all women during the year before pregnancy and DASH/DII scores were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the case and control group was 30.28 ± 5.01 and 29.07 ± 5.57 years respectively. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the first tertile of DII compared to the third tertile had a lower GDM risk (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.98; P = 0.04). Meanwhile, in the fully adjusted model, those in the third tertile of the DASH diet had a lower risk of GDM than those in the first tertile (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.69; P = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher adherence to the DASH diet and lower intake of a pro-inflammatory diet are associated with decreased risk of GDM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First trimester maternal serum MicroRNA expression and pre-eclampsia: a retrospective nested case-control study.","authors":"Paula L Hedley, Severin Olesen Larsen, Karen R Wøjdemann, Anne-Cathrine Shalmi, Sophie Placing, Line Rode, Anne Cathrine Gjerris, Karin Sundberg, Ann Tabor, Michael Christiansen","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-08105-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08105-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been detected in maternal blood. Initial studies in third trimester demonstrated differential miRNA expression profiles between uncomplicated pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia (PE). Recently, studies in first trimester have shown similar differential profiles, however, these studies were often under-powered.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a nested case-control study, in which serum samples, taken between 10 and 14 weeks gestation, were obtained from 413 singleton pregnant women, 126 of which later developed PE. Total RNAs were purified and a selection of 46 miRNAs plus two miRNA controls were quantitated by real time quantitative PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven of the miRNAs, hsa-miR-181b-5p, -323a-3p, -518b, -363-3p, -20a-5p, -29a-3p, and - 142-3p, could differentiate between uncomplicated pregnancies and pregnancies which develop PE, but only a single miRNA, hsa-miR-363-3p, could differentiate between mild and severe PE. A combination of all seven differentiating miRNAs was the best at discriminating between PE and uncomplicated pregnancies (AUC = 0.879).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>First trimester maternal serum miRNA expression profile could differentiate between uncomplicated pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by PE. These circulating miRNA markers have the potential to improve risk assessment of PE in the first trimester, weeks before the onset of symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional practices during the first 1000 days of life in Southest region of Türkiye: a qualitative study.","authors":"Hasret Yağmur Sevinç Akın, Bülent Güneş, Sıddika Songül Yalçın","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-08064-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08064-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traditional practices during the first 1,000 days of life can shape caregiving behaviors and influence maternal and child health. This study aimed to identify and describe traditional practices related to pregnancy, childbirth, and early infant care, as well as to explore the reasons behind their adoption and the sources of information guiding them, from the perspectives of pregnant women and healthcare professionals in southeastern Turkey.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included 34 pregnant women from antenatal clinics at two hospitals, alongside four focus group discussions, and 17 healthcare professionals from related units, supported by two focus groups. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using structured demographic forms and semi-structured interview guides. Interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants reported various traditional practices, such as withholding colostrum, tightly swaddling the infant, delaying bathing until the 40th day, making razor blade incisions for jaundice, applying salt or olive oil mixtures to the newborn, and using the \"höllük\" cradle (a traditional wooden cradle). These practices were largely transmitted through intergenerational advice, particularly from elder family members.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights a range of traditional practices that persist during the first 1,000 days of life, some of which may be potentially harmful. Antenatal counseling that includes family elders may help reduce harmful practices and promote safer caregiving behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}