BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth最新文献

{"title":"Critical signs and symptoms for self-assessment in the immediate postnatal period: an international Systematic Scoping Review and Delphi consensus study.","authors":"Teesta Dey, Nada Bassiony, Angela Hancock, Lenka Benova, Matthews Mathai, Etienne Vincent Langlois, Sam Ononge, Tina Lavender, Andrew Weeks","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07472-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07472-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Every two minutes a woman dies from complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Most maternal deaths occur within the first 24 hours following birth, highlighting the importance of immediate postnatal care (iPNC). Self-care strategies are increasingly being employed to promote women-centred, continuous care provision. Despite international calls for development of strategies promoting self-care, none have been developed for self-monitoring in the immediate postnatal period. Fundamental to the development of a self-monitoring strategy, is an understanding of which signs and symptoms are predictive of maternal morbidity and mortality and can be easily assessed by mothers and birth companions, in health facilities, without the need for equipment. The objective of this study was to develop and achieve international consensus on the key signs and symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multi-step approach involving a systematic scoping review, two- round Delphi Survey, and expert consensus was employed to identify key signs and symptoms that can be self- assessed and predict morbidity and mortality in the immediate postnatal period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A comprehensive list of 351 key signs and symptoms was identified from 44 clinical practice guidelines. Subsequently, 134 signs and symptoms were reviewed by Delphi respondents and international expert consensus was achieved for 19 key signs and symptoms across seven condition categories. The signs that were considered both important and able to be self-assessed by mothers and birth companions in the first 24 hours following birth included change in consciousness, seizure, severe headache, persistent visual impairment, urinary incontinence, chest pain, shortness of breath, severe pallor, fast heartbeat, rejection of baby, suicidal/infanticidal, fever, heavy blood loss, soft flabby uterus, unable to urinate easily, foul smelling discharge, rigors, syncope/dizziness, abnormal coloured urine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified key signs and symptoms which can be easily assessed by mothers and birth companions in the immediate postnatal period to identify those most at risk of morbidity and mortality. Further work is needed to validate this screening tool, and adapt it regionally and nationally.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometrial preparation methods prior to frozen embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study comparing true natural cycle, ovulation induction, hormone replacement treatment and GnRHa pretreatment.","authors":"Jiaoqi Mei, Nana Liu, Yuxiang Liu, Min Li","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07211-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07211-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare pregnancy outcomes of four endometrial preparation methods prior to frozen embryo transfer (FET).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 3,030 programmed cycles were analyzed: 302 with natural cycle (NC), 131 with ovulation induction (OI), 1,078 with hormone replacement treatment (HRT), and 1,519 with GnRHa pretreatment (GnRHa + HRT). Primary outcomes investigated were positive human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, abortion, and live birth. Additionally, the impact of age, body mass index (BMI), embryo number, high-quality embryo, and endometrial thickness on pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The positive hCG rates for NC, OI, HRT, and GnRHa + HRT groups were 63.4%, 62.6%, 68.3%, and 71.7%, respectively (P = 0.004). Clinical pregnancy rates were 50.4%, 54%, 57.5%, and 61.8%, respectively (P = 0.004). Live birth rates were 38.2%, 45%, 46.5%, and 50.9%, respectively (P = 0.007). No significant differences were found in abortion and chemical pregnancy rates among the four protocols. NC showed significantly higher positive hCG (p = 0.044), live birth (p = 0.005), and clinical pregnancy rates (p = 0.010) compared to other methods. Compared to HRT, GnRHa + HRT displayed significantly higher live birth (p = 0.027) and clinical pregnancy rates (p = 0.027). Multiple logistic regression showed that the number of embryos and high-quality embryos increased HCG positivity, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates, while age reduced these rates. BMI increased the abortion rate, and endometrial thickness increased the live birth rate. Chemical pregnancy was unaffected by these factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NC offers improved outcomes compared to other methods. Additionally, specific factors such as embryo quality and embryo number significantly influence pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing a predictive model for ectopic pregnancy risk following assisted reproductive technology.","authors":"Jie Li, Tiantian Dai, Yang Liu, Yuanyi Li, Tailin Chen, Xiaojun Chen, Li Jin","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07455-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07455-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The risk of ectopic pregnancy (EP) is known to increase with assisted reproductive technology (ART), but the specific risk factors are unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We screened 6872 cycles for clinical data that met our study's inclusion criteria and conducted univariate and multivariate analyses to identify factors associated with EP and develop a nomogram prediction model for its incidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The multivariate analysis demonstrated that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an over two-fold increased risk of EP (aOR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.27-3.36, P = 0.004). Frozen embryo transfer can significantly reduce the risk of EP compared to fresh embryo transfer (aOR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.62-2.91, P < 0.001). Male infertility factor was associated with a 1.4-fold increased risk of EP (aOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.05-1.85,P = 0.021). Each 1 mm increase in endometrial thickness (EMT) is associated with a 15% reduction in the odds of EP(aOR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77-0.93, P < 0.001). Women with EP history was associated with 1.4-fold increased risk of EP (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.01-1.97, P = 0.046). A nomographic prediction model was established based on the results above. The area under the curve (AUC) for the model predicting EP following ART is 0.624, whereas in the external validation set, it is 0.618.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that PCOS increases the risk of EP after ART, and fresh embryo transfer is also linked to higher EP rates. We developed a nomogram to predict and mitigate the incidence of EP.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Retrospectively registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the maternal and neonatal outcomes in vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women against COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Zahra Gholami, Maryam Mohseni, Pouran Allahbakhshi Nasab","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07462-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07462-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Following the emergence of COVID-19 disease, and considering the limited number of studies regarding vaccination among pregnant women, as well as the differences between the vaccine administered in Iran and those used in other countries, this study aimed to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes in vaccinated and unvaccinated women against COVID-19 disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the comprehensive healthcare centers of Rafsanjan city. Initially, the contact information of expectant mothers who were pregnant between June 22, 2021, and December 22, 2021, was obtained through Iran's integrated healthcare system (Sib). Subsequently, the required information was collected via a checklist during phone interviews. Out of 969 pregnant women, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 610 subjects were included in the study. Among these, 330 were unvaccinated, while the remaining participants had received the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine prior to or during pregnancy. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between vaccinated and unvaccinated women. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, employing one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's multiple comparison test, Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated that vaccination against COVID-19 in pregnant women significantly increased the risk of neonatal jaundice (P < 0.05). Conversely, the miscarriage rate among these women was significantly lower (P < 0.05). No adverse outcomes were observed including hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, maternal hospitalization, maternal COVID-19 infection, preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, perinatal mortality, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, and low birth weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>COVID-19 Vaccination is recommended for pregnant women to mitigate adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal healthcare experiences of pregnant and parenting people with a history of substance use disorder: a qualitative study.","authors":"Carol Y Franco-Rowe, Angela E Lee-Winn, Venice Ng Williams, Connie Lopez, Gregory J Tung, Mandy A Allison","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07473-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07473-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical guidelines in the United States (U.S.) recommend a patient-centered approach to healthcare for pregnant people with substance use disorders (SUD); however, pregnant people with SUD often describe experiencing stigmatization and shame when seeking prenatal care. We explored the perspectives of pregnant and parenting people engaged with SUD treatment regarding their experiences with healthcare providers during the perinatal period to improve guidance for patient-centered care.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Using an adapted phenomenological approach, we conducted in-depth interviews with 22 pregnant and parenting people recruited from inpatient or outpatient substance use treatment centers in the U.S. state of Colorado. We developed an interview guide to explore participants' experiences during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. We audio recorded, transcribed, and validated interviews for analyses. A codebook was developed using an iterative process. Three coders analyzed the data and synthesized data into thematic memos.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants reported challenges within the healthcare system, including barriers to receiving services, connection to or education on resources, challenges in and reasons for sharing their history of substance use with healthcare providers, provider reactions to this information, and the impact of providers' response to knowing about their substance use history. Participants described shame regarding their substance use but also a strong desire to ensure the health of their infants. This desire motivated them to share their history of substance use with healthcare providers. When participants perceived nonjudgmental and empathetic responses, they reported feeling pride and empowerment. Participants who reported judgmental responses from providers stated that it made them less likely to share and engage with other healthcare providers in the future.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The perspectives and experiences of people engaged in SUD treatment can inform the implementation of clinical guidelines for patient-centered care for pregnant and parenting people in perinatal healthcare settings. Learnings from this study addresses ongoing challenges to compassionate care during this critical window, leading to disengagement of patients. Support through connection of resources can be helpful for ongoing recovery. Recommendations are made to establish trust through transparency and non-judgmental care and to reinforce receipt of appropriate healthcare services.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormonal and metabolic influences on outcomes in PCOS undergoing assisted reproduction: the role of BMI in fresh embryo transfers.","authors":"Li Wang, Xiaoyu Yu, Dongsheng Xiong, Mei Leng, Meiyu Liang, Rong Li, Libing He, Heqiu Yan, Xiaoju Zhou, Erniu Jike, Weixin Liu, Jiuzhi Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07480-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07480-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This retrospective study aimed to examine the influence of hormonal and metabolic parameters across varying body mass index (BMI) levels on embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes in fresh embryo transfer cycles using assisted reproductive technology (ART) in patients diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 167 women diagnosed with PCOS and 266 women without PCOS (control group) were included. Metabolic and hormonal parameters was compared between the two groups to evaluate their relationship with embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess these effects in patients with normal and high BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the PCOS group, hormonal and metabolic parameters such as insulin, blood lipids, luteinizing hormone (LH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle counting (AFC) were significantly higher than in the control group. The PCOS group also produced more blastocysts and a higher proportion of high-quality blastocysts. However, pregnancy rate and clinical pregnancy rates were similar between the two groups, regardless of BMI. Among the high-BMI PCOS patients, the miscarriage rate was significantly higher compared to the control group, and its rate showed a positive correlation with BMI, LH, and total testosterone (TSTO) levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hormonal imbalances and glucose-lipid metabolism have minimal influence on embryo development in PCOS patients. However, hormonal factors-particularly in PCOS patients with high BMI-significantly influence pregnancy outcomes, with elevated BMI and androgen levels increasing the risk of miscarriage. These findings underscore the importance of addressing metabolic and hormonal factors in the management of PCOS patients undergoing ART.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant women in Tanzania: evidence from the 2022 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey.","authors":"Victoria Godfrey, Elihuruma Eliufoo, Immaculata P Kessy, Mussa Bago, Mtoro J Mtoro, Azan Nyundo","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07149-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07149-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal alcohol consumption remains a significant public health concern. The consumption is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, which can impair fetal growth and lead to low birth weight. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of alcohol use among pregnant women and identify associated factors utilising data from the 2022 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicator Survey (TDHS-MIS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analytical cross-sectional survey design utilised secondary data from the 2022 TDHS-MIS. The survey employed a multistage cluster sampling method to generate representative national and sub-national health and health-related indicators between February and July 2022. A total of 1,182 pregnant women were included in the analysis. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression using STATA version 18.5 to assess factors associated with maternal alcohol consumption. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed to estimate the strength of the association between independent variables and alcohol use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the participants was 27.3 years (standard deviation: 6.9). The overall prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy among pregnant women in Tanzania was 3.9% (95% CI: 2.8-5.4). Factors associated with alcohol consumption were women aged 25-34 (aOR = 5.17, 95%CI: 1.62-16.51) and more than 35 years of age (aOR = 20.89, 95%CI: 6.55-66.62), women who were never married (aOR = 7.89, 95%CI: 2.20-28.25), On the other hand, women living in the western zone (aOR = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.04-0.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reveals a notable prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Tanzania. Key demographic factors influencing alcohol use include maternal age, marital status, and prominent regional disparities, notably lower rates in Zanzibar compared to the western zone. These findings highlight the necessity for targeted public health initiatives to educate pregnant women. This was a cross-sectional survey, which limited the causal relationship among the observed factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of virtual reality (VR) glasses and therapeutic touch (TT) on pain, anxiety, and patient satisfaction during intrauterine insemination (IUI) compared to standard care: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Sümeyye Bal, Neşe Karakaya, Emine Koç, Davut Güven","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07435-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07435-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intrauterine insemination (IUI) also found that this experience was associated with anxiety. Therefore, measures must be taken to reduce or eliminate the pain and anxiety associated with it.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated the effect of virtual reality glasses (VRG) and therapeutic touch (TT) on pain, anxiety and satisfaction during intrauterine insemination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single blind randomized controlled trial design was used. Patients were randomized into three groups: the virtual reality group (VRG, n = 32), the therapeutic touch group (TT, n = 32), and the control group (CG, n = 32). The study was conducted between January and June 2022 in the obstetric outpatient clinics of a public hospital in northern Türkiye. Anxiety was evaluated using the State Anxiety Inventory. Pain, and satisfaction were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]. \"The study used non-parametric tests for its statistics.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in the pain level of the VRG group during IUI was lower than those of CG 3.7 ± 2.7 and TT 3.6 ± 2.9 (p = 0.01). Women were most satisfied with the TT application 9.2 ± 1.1 in the IUI procedure (p = 0.000). Anxiety levels after IUI were lower in the TT 43.0 ± 4.2 and VRG 43.9 ± 4.4 than in CG 49.9 ± 4.0 (p = 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VRG application was effective in reducing pain associated with IUI procedure in women. Although the use of VRG with music reduced the pain associated with IUI more than the TT application, the women left the TT application satisfied.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was registered at the Clinical Trials.gov website under the code NCT05192330. The first trial registration date was (12/01/2022).</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of spontaneous abortion and lifestyle with diabetes mellitus in women: a cross-sectional study in UK Biobank.","authors":"Sanwei Liu, Yangping Chen, Aimu Zhang, Xinxiao Chen, Lei Yuan, Binbin Song","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07461-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07461-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spontaneous abortion has been associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), while the evidence remains equivocal. This study aimed to examine the association between spontaneous abortion and the risk of T2DM and GDM, and assesses whether lifestyle factors modified this association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used data from the UK Biobank, recruiting 170 599 ever-pregnant women from 22 assessment centers in England, Scotland, and Wales between 2006 and 2010. History of spontaneous abortion was self-reported and was confirmed by using medical records, categorized as none, 1, 2, or ≥3 spontaneous abortions. The primary outcomes, T2DM and GDM, were ascertained from medical records using ICD-10 codes. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for sociodemographic and health factors (e.g., age, ethnicity, cancer, chronic hypertension), reproductive factors (e.g., use of oral contraceptives, use of hormone treatment, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy), and lifestyle score. The lifestyle score was constructed based on smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, television viewing time, sleep duration, and diet quality. Effect modification by lifestyle score was assessed using multiplicative interaction terms in the regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 170 599 ever-pregnant women (mean [SD] age, 56.4 [8.0] years), a history of spontaneous abortion was associated with higher odds of T2DM (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.10-1.24) and GDM (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.20-1.60). The odds were higher for recurrent spontaneous abortions (for T2DM: ORs were 1.33 [95% CI 1.14-1.56] for three or more spontaneous abortions, 1.07 [95% CI 0.93-1.23] for two, and 1.09 [95% CI 1.01-1.17] for one compared with none; for GDM: the corresponding ORs were 2.01 [95% CI 1.48-2.71], 1.21 [95% CI 0.90-1.64], and 1.20 [95% CI 1.01-1.42], respectively). The odds of T2DM and GDM higher with less healthy lifestyle behaviors in both categories of spontaneous abortion, although no significant interactions between spontaneous abortion and lifestyle score were observed (P_-interaction>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spontaneous abortion was associated with higher odds of T2DM and GDM, with a stronger association observed in women who experienced recurrent spontaneous abortions. It is imperative to integrate reproductive history into routine diabetes risk assessment, particularly for women with a history of multiple spontaneous abortions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between prepregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain(GWG) with preeclampsia: a study based on restricted cubic spline.","authors":"Luhan Zhang, Juan Ding, Jiangli Liu, Jing Ma, Rui Shi, Tian Chen, Guifeng Ding","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07449-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07449-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the nonlinear associations between prepregnancy body mass index(BMI), gestational weight gain(GWG), and the risk of preeclampsia(PE) using maternal and infant cohort data, thereby providing a scientific foundation for preventive strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pregnant women with regular obstetric checkups in Urumqi Youai Hospital were selected as study subjects from January 2020 to June 2024. They were divided into the PE group and the non-PE group. Baseline information and pregnancy outcomes were collected, and logistic regression analysis was employed to ascertain the impacts of diverse factors on the odds of developing PE; the restricted cubic spline was used to test the nonlinear relationship between prepregnancy BMI and GWG with PE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>13,294 pregnant women were included in the study, and 559 (4.20%) had PE.The prevalence of PE in underweight, normal-weight, overweight, and obese women was 1.72%, 2.85%, 6.60%, and 16.05%, respectively. However, after adjusting for confounders, only overweight and obesity were significantly associated with elevated PE odds. Logistic regression results showed that the OR was 1.68(95% CI:1.30-2.18) for the comparison between overweight and normal BMI groups, the OR was 3.16(95%CI:2.08-4.79) for the comparison between obesity and normal BMI groups. Restricted cubic spline showed that the association between prepregnancy BMI and the odds of PE showed an inverse L-shaped curve, with an inflection point of 21.5 kg/m²; the association between GWG and the odds of PE showed a J-shaped curve, with a GWG of 10.94-15.90 kg being at the lowest odds for the development of PE. For pregnant women with prepregnancy underweight, the odds of PE were significantly increased when their GWG exceeded 21.63 kg. Similarly, for those with prepregnancy normal weight, a significant elevation in the odds of PE was observed when their GWG surpassed 15.90 kg.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a non-linear relationship between prepregnancy BMI, GWG, and PE, and prepregnancy weight management and gestational weight monitoring are important for the prevention of PE.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}