BMC Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"ZA-II-05, a novel NMDA-receptor antagonist reverses vanadium-induced neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans).","authors":"Amany Ladagu, Funmilayo Olopade, Paul Chazot, Taiwo Elufioye, Toan Luong, Madison Fuller, Ethan Halprin, Jessica Mckay, Zeynep Ates-Alagoz, Taidinda Gilbert, Adeboye Adejare, James Olopade","doi":"10.1186/s12868-024-00902-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12868-024-00902-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vanadium is a widely used transition metal in industrial applications, but it also poses significant neurotoxic and environmental risks. Previous studies have shown that exposure to vanadium may lead to neurodegenerative diseases and neuropathic pain, raising concerns about its impact on human health and the ecosystem. To address vanadium neurotoxicity, through targeting NMDA glutamate and dopamine signaling, both involved in neurodegenerative disorders, shows promise. Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model, we evaluated a novel compound with a mixed NMDA glutamate receptor-dopamine transporter pharmacology, ZA-II-05 and found it effectively ameliorated vanadium-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting a potential neuroprotective role.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Synchronized young adult worms were assigned to four different experimental groups; Controls; 100 mM of Vanadium; Vanadium and 1 mg/ml ZA-II-05; and ZA-II-05 alone. These were examined with different markers, including DAPI, MitoTracker Green and MitoSox stains for assessment of nuclei and mitochondrial density and oxidative stress, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to vanadium in C. elegans resulted in decreased nuclear presence and reduction in mitochondrial content were also analyzed based on fluorescence in the pharyngeal region, signifying an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species, while vanadium co-treatment with ZA-II-05 caused a significant increase in nuclear presence and mitochondrial content.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Treatment with ZA-II-05 significantly preserved cellular integrity, exhibiting a reversal of the detrimental effects induced by vanadium by modulating and preserving the normal function of chemosensory neurons and downstream signaling pathways. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of vanadium-induced neurotoxicity and offers perspectives for developing therapeutic interventions for neurodegenerative diseases related to environmental toxins.</p>","PeriodicalId":9031,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional sex differences in medial temporal lobe subregions at midlife.","authors":"Marie Caillaud, Isabelle Gallagher, Janelle Foret, Andreana P Haley","doi":"10.1186/s12868-024-00905-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12868-024-00905-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research has increasingly recognized sex differences in aging and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) susceptibility. However, sex effects on the medial temporal lobe (MTL), a crucial region affected by aging and AD, remain poorly understood when it comes to the intricacies of morphology and functional connectivity. This study aimed to systematically analyze structural and functional connectivity among MTL subregions, which are known to exhibit documented morphological sex differences, during midlife, occurring before the putative pivotal age of cerebral decline. The study sought to explore the hypothesis that these differences in MTL subregion volumes would manifest in sex-related functional distinctions within the broader brain network.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>201 cognitively unimpaired adults were included and stratified into four groups according to age and sex (i.e., Women and Men aged 40-50 and 50-60). These participants underwent comprehensive high-resolution structural MRI as well as resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI). Utilizing established automated segmentation, we delineated MTL subregions and assessed morphological differences through an ANOVA. Subsequently, the CONN toolbox was employed for conducting ROI-to-ROI and Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations (fALFF) analyses to investigate functional connectivity within the specific MTL subregions among these distinct groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in volumetric measurements were found primarily between women aged 40-50 and men of all ages, in the posterior hippocampus (pHPC) and the parahippocampal (PHC) cortex (p < 0.001), and, to a lesser extent, between women aged 50-60 and men of all ages (p < 0.05). Other distinctions were observed, but no significant differences in connectivity patterns or fALFF scores were detected between these groups.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Despite notable sex-related morphological differences in the posterior HPC and PHC regions, women and men appear to share a common pattern of brain connectivity at midlife. Longitudinal analyses are necessary to assess if midlife morphological sex differences in the MTL produce functional changes over time and thus, their potential role in cerebral decline.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9031,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11515403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring sex differences in auditory saliency: the role of acoustic characteristics in bottom-up attention.","authors":"Naoya Obama, Yoshiki Sato, Narihiro Kodama, Yuhei Kodani, Katsuya Nakamura, Ayaka Yokozeki, Shinsuke Nagami","doi":"10.1186/s12868-024-00909-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12868-024-00909-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several cognitive functions are related to sex. However, the relationship between auditory attention and sex remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore sex differences in auditory saliency judgments, with a particular focus on bottom-up type auditory attention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-five typical adults (mean age: 21.5 ± 0.64 years) with no known hearing deficits, intelligence abnormalities, or attention deficits were enrolled in this study. They were tasked with annotating attention capturing sounds from five audio clips played in a soundproof room. Each stimulus contained ten salient sounds randomly placed within a 1-min natural soundscape. We conducted a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) analysis using the number of responses to salient sounds as the dependent variable, sex as the between-subjects factor, duration, maximum loudness, and maximum spectrum of each sound as the within-subjects factor, and each sound event and participant as the variable effect.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were found between male and female groups in age, hearing threshold, intellectual function, and attention function (all p > 0.05). Analysis confirmed 77 distinct sound events, with individual response rates of 4.0-100%. In a GLMM analysis, the main effect of sex was not statistically significant (p = 0.458). Duration and spectrum had a significant effect on response rate (p = 0.006 and p < 0.001). The effect of loudness was not statistically significant (p = 0.13).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that male and female listeners do not differ significantly in their auditory saliency judgments based on the acoustic characteristics studied. This finding challenges the notion of inherent sex differences in bottom-up auditory attention and highlights the need for further research to explore other potential factors or conditions under which such differences might emerge.</p>","PeriodicalId":9031,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11515512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tinnitus is associated with increased extracellular matrix density in the auditory cortex of Mongolian gerbils.","authors":"Konstantin Tziridis, Antonia Maul, Jwan Rasheed, Patrick Krauss, Achim Schilling, Holger Schulze","doi":"10.1186/s12868-024-00904-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-024-00904-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most scientists agree that subjective tinnitus is the pathological result of an interaction of damage to the peripheral auditory system and central neuroplastic adaptations. Here we investigate such tinnitus related adaptations in the primary auditory cortex (AC) 7 and 13 days after noise trauma induction of tinnitus by quantifying the density of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the AC of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). The ECM density has been shown to be relevant for neuroplastic processes and synaptic stability within the cortex. We utilized a mild monaural acoustic noise trauma in overall 22 gerbils to induce tinnitus and a sham exposure in 16 control (C) animals. Tinnitus was assessed by a behavioral response paradigm. Animals were separated for a presence (T) or absence (NT) of a tinnitus percept by a behavioral task. The ECM density 7 and 13 days after trauma was quantified using immunofluorescence luminance of Wisteria floribunda lectin-fluoresceine-5-isothiocyanate (WFA-FITC) on histological slices of the primary AC, relative to the non-auditory brainstem as a reference area. At both timepoints, we found that the WFA-FITC luminance of the AC of NT animals was not significantly different from that of C animals. However, we found a significant increase of luminance in T animals' ACs compared to NT or C animals' cortices. This effect was found exclusively on the AC side contralateral to the trauma ear. These results point to a hemisphere specific process of stabilization of synaptic connections in primary AC, which may be involved in the chronic manifestation of tinnitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":9031,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: MicroRNA expression profile of the hippocampus in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy and miR-34a-targeted neuroprotection against hippocampal neurone cell apoptosis post-status epilepticus.","authors":"Kai Hu, Yuan-Yuan Xie, Chen Zhang, Dong-Sheng Ouyang, Hong-Yu Long, Dan-Ni Sun, Li-Li Long, Li Feng, Yi Li, Bo Xiao","doi":"10.1186/s12868-024-00908-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-024-00908-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9031,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making sense together: dance improvisation as a framework for a collaborative interdisciplinary learning processes.","authors":"Lisa Nelson, Julien Laroche, Nara Figueiredo, João Fiadeiro, Joseph Dumit, Asaf Bachrach","doi":"10.1186/s12868-024-00907-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-024-00907-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial outlines the outcome of an interdisciplinary session on collective sense-making through dance improvisation, which took place during the 'Neural and Social Bases of Creative Movement' workshop. We argue that joint improvisation practices place the scientist in a privileged position to reveal the nature of cognitive and creative behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9031,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11481467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Simulated complexes formed from a set of postsynaptic proteins suggest a localised effect of a hypomorphic Shank mutation.","authors":"Marcell Miski, Áron Weber, Krisztina Fekete-Molnár, Bence Márk Keömley-Horváth, Attila Csikász-Nagy, Zoltán Gáspári","doi":"10.1186/s12868-024-00900-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12868-024-00900-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9031,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective effects of psilocybin in a rat model of stroke.","authors":"Seong-Jin Yu, Kuo-Jen Wu, Yu-Syuan Wang, Eunkyung Bae, Fabio Chianelli, Nicholas Bambakidis, Yun Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12868-024-00903-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12868-024-00903-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psilocybin is a psychedelic 5HT2A receptor agonist found in \"magic mushrooms\". Recent studies have indicated that 5HT2A agonists, such as dimethyltryptamine, given before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), improve staircase behavior, increased BDNF expression, and reduce brain infarction in stroke rats. The objective of this study is to determine the protective effect of psilocybin in cellular and animal models of stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult male and timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were used for this study. The neural protective effects of psilocybin were determined in primary rat cortical neurons and adult rats. Rats were subjected to a 60-min middle cerebral artery occlusion. Brain tissues were collected for histological and qRTPCR analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Psilocybin reduced glutamate-mediated neuronal loss in rat primary cortical neuronal cultures. Psilocybin-mediated protection in culture was antagonized by the BDNF inhibitor ANA12. Pretreatment with psilocybin reduced brain infarction and neurological deficits in stroke rats. Early post-treatment with psilocybin improved locomotor behavior, upregulated the expression of MAP2 and synaptophysin, and down-regulated the expression of IBA1 in the stroke brain. ANA12 significantly attenuated psilocybin-mediated reduction in brain infarction and improvements in locomotor behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Psilocybin reduced brain infarction and improved locomotor behavior in stroke rats; the protective mechanisms involve regulating BDNF expression. Our data support a novel therapeutic approach of psilocybin in stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":9031,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vocal usage learning and vocal comprehension learning in harbor seals.","authors":"Diandra Duengen, Yannick Jadoul, Andrea Ravignani","doi":"10.1186/s12868-024-00899-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12868-024-00899-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Which mammals show vocal learning abilities, e.g., can learn new sounds, or learn to use sounds in new contexts? Vocal usage and comprehension learning are submodules of vocal learning. Specifically, vocal usage learning is the ability to learn to use a vocalization in a new context; vocal comprehension learning is the ability to comprehend a vocalization in a new context. Among mammals, harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) are good candidates to investigate vocal learning. Here, we test whether harbor seals are capable of vocal usage and comprehension learning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We trained two harbor seals to (i) switch contexts from a visual to an auditory cue. In particular, the seals first produced two vocalization types in response to two hand signs; they then transitioned to producing these two vocalization types upon the presentation of two distinct sets of playbacks of their own vocalizations. We then (ii) exposed the seals to a combination of trained and novel vocalization stimuli. In a final experiment, (iii) we broadcasted only novel vocalizations of the two vocalization types to test whether seals could generalize from the trained set of stimuli to only novel items of a given vocal category. Both seals learned all tasks and took ≤ 16 sessions to succeed across all experiments. In particular, the seals showed contextual learning through switching the context from former visual to novel auditory cues, vocal matching and generalization. Finally, by responding to the played-back vocalizations with distinct vocalizations, the animals showed vocal comprehension learning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It has been suggested that harbor seals are vocal learners; however, to date, these observations had not been confirmed in controlled experiments. Here, through three experiments, we could show that harbor seals are capable of both vocal usage and comprehension learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":9031,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tactile stimulation designs adapted to clinical settings result in reliable fMRI-based somatosensory digit maps.","authors":"Till Steinbach, Judith Eck, Inge Timmers, Emma E Biggs, Rainer Goebel, Renate Schweizer, Amanda L Kaas","doi":"10.1186/s12868-024-00892-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12868-024-00892-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Movement constraints in stroke survivors are often accompanied by additional impairments in related somatosensory perception. A complex interplay between the primary somatosensory and motor cortices is essential for adequate and precise movements. This necessitates investigating the role of the primary somatosensory cortex in movement deficits of stroke survivors. The first step towards this goal could be a fast and reliable functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)-based mapping of the somatosensory cortex applicable for clinical settings. Here, we compare two 3 T fMRI-based somatosensory digit mapping techniques adapted for clinical usage in seven neurotypical volunteers and two sessions, to assess their validity and retest-reliability. Both, the traveling wave and the blocked design approach resulted in complete digit maps in both sessions of all participants, showing the expected layout. Similarly, no evidence for differences in the volume of activation, nor the activation overlap between neighboring activations could be detected, indicating the general feasibility of the clinical adaptation and their validity. Retest-reliability, indicated by the Dice coefficient, exhibited reasonable values for the spatial correspondence of single digit activations across sessions, but low values for the spatial correspondence of the area of overlap between neighboring digits across sessions. Parameters describing the location of the single digit activations exhibited very high correlations across sessions, while activation volume and overlap only exhibited medium to low correlations. The feasibility and high retest-reliabilities for the parameters describing the location of the single digit activations are promising concerning the implementation into a clinical context to supplement diagnosis and treatment stratification in upper limb stroke patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9031,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}