{"title":"Improving the scan throughput of polygon scanners.","authors":"Eric Hebert, Chris Xu","doi":"10.1364/BOE.538757","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.538757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polygon scanners allow for some of the fastest available line rates for raster scanning imaging. Due to the optical invariant, however, there is a trade-off between the line rate and the number of resolvable points per line. Here, we describe a device that can increase the number of resolvable points per line of mirror-based scanners without sacrificing speed. We first theoretically model the effect of the device on the number of resolvable points per line of a polygon scanner, and then experimentally test this device with both a simplified facet system and a transmission microscope using a polygon scanner. We demonstrate an improvement in the field of view by 1.7 times without a reduction in spatial resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"15 11","pages":"6549-6560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Petros Papadogiannis, Enrique Gambra, Grzegorz Łabuz, Weijia Yan, Diana Martín-Becerra, Irene Sisó-Fuertes, Alberto de Castro, Xoana Barcala, Gerd U Auffarth, Carlos Dorronsoro, Lucie Sawides
{"title":"Visual simulation of intraocular lenses: from on-bench performance to computational and experimental validations.","authors":"Petros Papadogiannis, Enrique Gambra, Grzegorz Łabuz, Weijia Yan, Diana Martín-Becerra, Irene Sisó-Fuertes, Alberto de Castro, Xoana Barcala, Gerd U Auffarth, Carlos Dorronsoro, Lucie Sawides","doi":"10.1364/BOE.538878","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.538878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a systematic method to simulate various intraocular lenses (IOLs) available in the market. Five IOLs (two trifocals, one bifocal, one enhanced monofocal, and one extended depth of focus (EDOF)) were evaluated in terms of through focus visual Strehl (TFVS) utilizing the OptiSpheric IOL PRO2 device (Trioptics GmbH). Then, the estimated TFVS (ETFVS) and the temporal coefficients necessary for temporal multiplexing were computed, and through an iterative process, the SimVis TFVS was obtained. Finally, a high-speed focimeter was used to measure the opto-tunable lens responses to the temporal profile, and the experimental SimVis TFVS was acquired. Therefore, results are analyzed in terms of ETFVS (computed from the VSR-OTF), SimVis TFVS (computed from the TCs through temporal multiplexing), and experimental SimVis TFVS (acquired from the high-speed focimeter setup). The ETFVS and the SimVis TFVS curves demonstrated excellent alignment across all IOLs with cross-correlation coefficients > 0.94. Similarly, the experimental SimVis TFVS and the SimVis TFVS curves showed high correlation with cross-correlation coefficients > 0.97 and root mean square error (RMSE) < 0.05 for each lens. We demonstrated that different IOL designs can be visually simulated using its TFVS to obtain the corresponding temporal coefficients for simulations through temporal multiplexing using the SimVis technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"15 11","pages":"6521-6530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haobo Zhang, Yanrong Yang, Zitao Zhang, Chun Yin, Shengqian Wang, Kai Wei, Hao Chen, Junlei Zhao
{"title":"Measurement of ocular aberration in noise based on deep learning with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor.","authors":"Haobo Zhang, Yanrong Yang, Zitao Zhang, Chun Yin, Shengqian Wang, Kai Wei, Hao Chen, Junlei Zhao","doi":"10.1364/BOE.541483","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.541483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shack-Hartmann-based wavefront sensing combined with deep learning, due to its fast, accurate, and large dynamic range, has been widely studied in many fields including ocular aberration measurement. Problems such as noise and corneal reflection affect the accuracy of detection in practical measuring ocular aberration systems. This paper establishes a framework comprising of a noise-added model, Hartmannograms with corneal reflections and the corneal reflection elimination algorithm. Therefore, a more realistic data set is obtained, enabling the convolutional neural network to learn more comprehensive features and carry out real machine verification. The results show that the proposed method has excellent measurement accuracy. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the residual wavefront is 0.00924 ± 0.0207<i>λ</i> (mean ± standard deviation) in simulation and 0.0496 ± 0.0156<i>λ</i> in a real machine. Compared with other methods, this network combined with the proposed corneal reflection elimination algorithm is more accurate, speedier, and more widely applicable in the noise and corneal reflection situations, making it a promising tool for ocular aberration measurement.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"15 11","pages":"6531-6548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pump-free SERS microfluidic chip based on an identification-competition strategy for ultrasensitive and efficient simultaneous detection of liver cancer-related microRNAs.","authors":"Ruoyu Zhou, Guangfu Bai, Dongxu Zhu, Qiong Xu, Xudong Zhang, Tianran Li, Yayun Qian, Chiwen Bu","doi":"10.1364/BOE.542523","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.542523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we present a pump-free SERS microfluidic chip capable of detecting liver cancer-related miR-21 and miR-155 concurrently with ultra-sensitivity and high efficiency. We employed a Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@cDNA-AuNPs@Raman reporter@H composite structure and a recognition competition strategy. When the target miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-155) are present in the test liquid, they specifically compete with the nucleic acid complementary strand(H) of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@cDNA-AuNPs@Raman reporter@H, causing AuNPs to competitively detach from the surface of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, resulting in a decrease in the SERS signal. Consequently, this pump-free SERS microfluidic chip enables the detection of the target miRNAs more rapidly and accurately in complex environments. This method offers an approach for the simultaneous and efficient detection of miRNAs and holds promising applications in the early diagnosis of liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"15 11","pages":"6469-6485"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy: Technology and Applications: introduction to the feature issue.","authors":"Thomas D O'Sullivan, Hamid Dehghani, Rebecca Re","doi":"10.1364/BOE.542635","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.542635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Welcome to the 2024 Feature Issue on <i>Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy: Technology and Applications</i> in Biomedical Optics Express! This feature issue provides an exemplary sample of established and emerging DOS technologies as well as their biomedical applications through 27 contributed research papers and 1 invited review article. DOS researchers are inherently multidisciplinary, advancing topics spanning the basic theory of light-tissue interactions, computational modeling, technique and system development and preclinical and clinical applications. You will find this full range of topics represented in this feature issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"15 11","pages":"6516-6520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Santiago Sager, Arturo Vicente-Jaen, Zhenghua Lin, Pedro M Prieto, Zhikuang Yang, Weizhong Lan, Pablo Artal
{"title":"Ultra-wide-angle peripheral refraction using a laser-scanning instrument.","authors":"Santiago Sager, Arturo Vicente-Jaen, Zhenghua Lin, Pedro M Prieto, Zhikuang Yang, Weizhong Lan, Pablo Artal","doi":"10.1364/BOE.540051","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.540051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We compared the peripheral refractive measurements of a recently proposed laser-scanning instrument with an established peripheral refractor. Two-dimensional refractive maps were obtained using both instruments for 18 young subjects with differing values of central refraction. The comparison shows a strong correlation between devices in the overlapping measurement area, with the new device extending the range of the explored retinal area to a 100-degree-diameter circular patch, compared to the 60°x35° rectangular area of the older peripheral refractor. Larger refractive maps exhibit trends that cannot be easily predicted from narrower scans. These results demonstrate that the new instrument can be a useful tool for assessing wide-angle peripheral optical data in the human eye.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"15 11","pages":"6486-6498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alistair Gorman, Neil Finlayson, Ahmet T Erdogan, Lars Fisher, Yining Wang, Francescopaolo Mattioli Della Rocca, Hanning Mai, Edbert J Sie, Francesco Marsili, Robert K Henderson
{"title":"ATLAS: a large array, on-chip compute SPAD camera for multispeckle diffuse correlation spectroscopy.","authors":"Alistair Gorman, Neil Finlayson, Ahmet T Erdogan, Lars Fisher, Yining Wang, Francescopaolo Mattioli Della Rocca, Hanning Mai, Edbert J Sie, Francesco Marsili, Robert K Henderson","doi":"10.1364/BOE.531416","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.531416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present ATLAS, a 512 × 512 single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array with embedded autocorrelation computation, implemented in 3D-stacked CMOS technology, suitable for single-photon correlation spectroscopy applications, including diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS). The shared per-macropixel SRAM architecture provides a 128 × 128 macropixel resolution, with parallel autocorrelation computation, with a minimum autocorrelation lag-time of 1 µs. We demonstrate the direct, on-chip computation of the autocorrelation function of the sensor, and its capability to resolve changes in decorrelation times typical of body tissue in real time, at long source-detector separations similar to those achieved by the current leading optical modalities for cerebral blood flow monitoring. Finally, we demonstrate the suitability for in-vivo measurements through cuff-occlusion and forehead cardiac signal measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"15 11","pages":"6499-6515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brenden Martin, Md Zobaer Islam, Carly Gotcher, Tyler Martinez, Sabit Ekin, John F O'Hara
{"title":"Fundamental limits of light-wave sensing for non-contact respiration monitoring.","authors":"Brenden Martin, Md Zobaer Islam, Carly Gotcher, Tyler Martinez, Sabit Ekin, John F O'Hara","doi":"10.1364/BOE.514776","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.514776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An experimental testbed was constructed to rigorously assess the fundamental limits of light-wave sensing-an economic, non-contact vitals monitoring approach previously reported. We improve the testbed using lock-in amplification and demonstrate that a photodetector and a commonplace array of infrared LEDs are sufficient to detect respiratory motion and quantify respiration rate up to 2.5 meters away. We propose a novel scattering model, from which we derive the performance limits of the light-wave sensing system in terms of a theoretical range resolution limited by the dynamic range of the system. Using a robotic breathing phantom, we experimentally assess, for the first time, the range resolution of the testbed system and compare this to theoretical predictions. This work also introduces a process for generating stochastic respiration patterns, which may prove broadly useful to the designers of breathing phantoms. Holistically exploring practical challenges and analytical models, this paper serves as a unique and comprehensive tutorial for understanding and designing light-wave sensing systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"15 11","pages":"6449-6468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of pupil size and corneal spherical aberrations on the performance of monofocal intraocular lenses: an experimental model.","authors":"Benjamin Stern, Damien Gatinel","doi":"10.1364/BOE.530708","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.530708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, an in vitro comparison of the optical performances of three models (spherical, aberration-neutral, and aberration-correcting) of monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) is proposed. A comprehensive model is employed, encompassing a wide range of corneal models and aperture sizes, reflecting the high variability of corneal spherical aberrations (SA) and pupil sizes in both normal and postoperative refractive corneal surgery populations. Analysis of average through-focus modulation transfer function (MTF) curves reveals significant differences in optical performance attributable to pupil size and corneal SA. These differences depend on the IOL model and affects MTFmax (representing contrast at best focus), depth of focus, refractive error tolerance, and the effective power of the lens.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"15 11","pages":"6433-6448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DFC-Net: a dual-path frequency-domain cross-attention fusion network for retinal image quality assessment.","authors":"Xiaoyan Kui, Zeru Hai, Beiji Zou, Wei Liang, Liming Chen","doi":"10.1364/BOE.531292","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.531292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal image quality assessment (RIQA) is crucial for diagnosing various eye diseases and ensuring the accuracy of diagnostic analyses based on retinal fundus images. Traditional deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for RIQA face challenges such as over-reliance on RGB image brightness and difficulty in differentiating closely ranked image quality categories. To address these issues, we introduced the Dual-Path Frequency-domain Cross-attention Network (DFC-Net), which integrates RGB images and contrast-enhanced images using contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) as dual inputs. This approach improves structure detail detection and feature extraction. We also incorporated a frequency-domain attention mechanism (FDAM) to focus selectively on frequency components indicative of quality degradations and a cross-attention mechanism (CAM) to optimize the integration of dual inputs. Our experiments on the EyeQ and RIQA-RFMiD datasets demonstrated significant improvements, achieving a precision of 0.8895, recall of 0.8923, F1-score of 0.8909, and a Kappa score of 0.9191 on the EyeQ dataset. On the RIQA-RFMiD dataset, the precision was 0.702, recall 0.6729, F1-score 0.6869, and Kappa score 0.7210, outperforming current state-of-the-art approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"15 11","pages":"6399-6415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}