Biomedical optics express最新文献

{"title":"How morphology affects optical trapping of red blood cells in health and disease.","authors":"Emir Erdem, Gökberk Kabacaoğlu, Giovanni Volpe, Agnese Callegari, Luca Biancofiore","doi":"10.1364/BOE.609102","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.609102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical tweezers are widely used to manipulate microscopic particles and biological cells through optical forces and torques, yet how cell shape controls trapping response has not been fully elucidated. Here, we develop a computational framework to investigate single-beam optical trapping of red blood cells with physiologically and pathologically relevant deformed morphologies. Representative cell shapes are generated parametrically and analyzed using static displacement and rotation tests, together with Brownian dynamics simulations. We show that all considered morphologies remain laterally and orientationally confined in a single-beam trap, while axial localization is weaker by pure optical means and is experimentally realized by the balance between the optical force and the buoyancy-corrected cell weight. Cell geometry strongly affects translational and rotational stiffness, preferred orientation, and Brownian confinement. In particular, shape-induced anisotropy produces distinct dynamical signatures, indicating that optical trapping measurements may be sensitive to morphological alterations beyond simple changes in cell size or volume. These results establish a quantitative connection between red-blood-cell morphology, trap stiffness, and dynamics, providing a computational framework for interpreting morphology-dependent optical trapping experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"17 10","pages":"5355-5372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retardance2Retardance: unsupervised denoising for polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Chuan-Bor Chueh, Georgia L Jones, Bhaskara Rao Chintada, Xinyu Liu, Brett E Bouma, Hsiang-Chieh Lee, Martin Villiger","doi":"10.1364/BOE.611507","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.611507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) enables advanced micron-scale characterization of biological tissues. However, its quantitative diagnostic utility is fundamentally limited by the presence of speckle and associated polarimetric noise. Conventional spatial filtering techniques suppress speckle effects yet compromise spatial resolution and can introduce severe coordinate-transformation artifacts in catheter-based applications. To address these challenges, we present the Retardance2Retardance (R2R) network, a physics-constrained, self-supervised deep learning framework for robust polarimetric speckle suppression. R2R exploits spectral binning to obtain independent speckle realizations from existing data and train the model in a Noise2Noise fashion without ground truth. A physics-informed regularization in the loss function enforces that the denoised polarization effects correspond to retardance. Additionally, a physics-informed data augmentation (PIDA) strategy prevents the network from overfitting to the static polarimetric system effects inherent to the training data. Applied to independent human coronary artery pullbacks acquired <i>in vivo</i>, R2R effectively suppresses speckle-induced polarimetric noise while preserving fine polarimetric features. Furthermore, the model demonstrates robust generalization to unseen complex intravascular structures, including bifurcations and deployed stents. Our R2R framework establishes a highly adaptable approach for high-fidelity, quantitative PS-OCT, including intravascular polarimetry, through effective polarimetry noise suppression and better preservation of spatial resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"17 10","pages":"5373-5393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needle-injected wireless light-emitting device for 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy of breast cancer.","authors":"Catherine G Price, Hailey S Sanders, Ana F de Almeida Barreto, Daena Talavera, Alejandro Lopez Ramirez, Sunghoon Rho, Thomas D O'Sullivan, Bradley D Smith","doi":"10.1364/BOE.611984","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.611984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but clinical translation is limited by poor light penetration into deep-seated tumors. This study employed a miniature wireless implantable light-emitting device (WILD) for localized red-light activation of PDT after oral administration of the clinical drug 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Cancer cell studies showed that WILD-mediated 5-ALA PDT induced phototoxicity and production of immunogenic cell death (ICD) biomarkers. Studies using a mouse model of TNBC revealed that WILD-mediated 5-ALA PDT reduced total tumor burden, with evidence suggesting immune activation. These findings support the feasibility of WILD-mediated 5-ALA PDT for treating deep-seated solid tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"17 10","pages":"5336-5354"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction method and tissue simulation approach for system polarization mode dispersion in polarization-sensitive OCT.","authors":"Tatiana Soldati, Patrick J González, Mathilde A E Binnekamp, Johannes F de Boer","doi":"10.1364/BOE.610382","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.610382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) caused by single-mode fibers and circulators is a major source of noise in fiber-based PS-OCT systems. It introduces an unknown wavelength dependent change of the polarization state incident on the sample, which can lead to erroneous local optic axis and retardation measurements. In this paper, we present a correction method for PMD and other possible wavelength dependent system distortions, based on a Jones and Stokes eigenvector analysis. The method was validated in a new PS-OCT simulation framework of birefringent tissue and system PMD. It was then used to correct <i>in vivo</i> lung data acquired with a depth-multiplexed PS-OCT system used in combination with a distal scanning endoscope. The method accurately retrieves the system PMD and the correct local simulated tissue retardation and relative optic axis in simulations. In <i>in vivo</i> lung data, the correction method yielded strong improvements in the uniformity of the optic axis image and reconstruction of birefringent layers, such as the airway smooth muscle and the perichondrium.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"17 10","pages":"5315-5335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical coherence elastography for shear wave characterization under temporal undersampling.","authors":"Nasser Ghaderi, Madita Göb, Nicolas Detrez, Faride Mousavi, Wolfgang Draxinger, Thomas De Kerf, Sam Van der Jeught, Ralf Brinkmann, Joris Dirckx, Robert Huber, Steve Vanlanduit","doi":"10.1364/BOE.606564","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.606564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present an optical coherence elastography approach for Rayleigh surface wave measurement with a MHz swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) system, enabling high-frequency wave characterization under temporal undersampling. Mechanically induced waves in a tissue-mimicking phantom were captured below the conventional temporal Nyquist sampling condition, while wave propagation was recovered from the spatial structure of the measured displacement field and analyzed using spatial Fourier-domain processing. With 6 <i>μ</i>m lateral sampling and 0.4 ms frame intervals (2.44 kHz B-scan rate), at a representative depth of 0.5 mm, the measured mean Rayleigh-wave speed was 13.61 m/s, with a frame-to-frame standard deviation of 0.73 m/s across 1000 frames. The results were compared with a second wave speed estimation method based on phase-gradient analysis and further validated using laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV), showing agreement in estimated wave speeds between OCT and LDV within 7.75%.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"17 10","pages":"5299-5314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflection matrix microscopy at 1.6 µm wavelength for label-free deep-tissue imaging.","authors":"Jeongwon Youm, Sungsam Kang, Jin Hee Hong, Moonseok Kim, Wonshik Choi","doi":"10.1364/BOE.611751","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.611751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple light scattering sets the depth limit of optical microscopy in biological tissue. Reflection matrix microscopy with the multiple-scattering tracing algorithm can overcome this scattering, but its application has so far been limited to wavelengths of 1.3 μm and below. Here, we develop, to our knowledge, the first reflection matrix microscope operating at 1.6 μm. By integrating it with a 1.3 μm channel into a single dual-wavelength system that isolates the wavelength as the principal variable, we quantitatively demonstrate that 1.6 μm markedly outperforms 1.3 μm. The reconstructed phase distortion in the mouse skull is weaker at 1.6 μm and the isoplanatic patch about 1.67 times larger. We resolve osteocytes lying beneath the strongly scattering bone marrow of the skull, a target unreachable at 1.3 μm.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"17 10","pages":"5285-5298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Influence of retinal eccentricity, color blindness, and age on optoretinography measured with AOSLO: erratum.","authors":"Julia Granier, Elena Gofas Salas, Kate Grieve","doi":"10.1364/BOE.618108","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.618108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 5332 in vol. 16, PMID: 41394483.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"17 10","pages":"5284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential pathlength factor model for near-infrared diffuse optical imaging.","authors":"Kaiser Niknam, Mannu Bardhan Paul, Mini Das","doi":"10.1364/BOE.601705","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.601705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Continuous-wave near-infrared diffuse optical imaging (DOI) relies on accurate differential pathlength factors (DPFs) for quantitative chromophore estimation. Existing DPF definitions inherit formulation-dependent limitations that can introduce large errors in modified Beer-Lambert law (MBLL) analyses and associated inverse estimations. We propose two DPF formulations: an MBLL-based formulation derived directly from photon-transport statistics and an experimentally practical inverse-distance model that closely reproduces the results of the more rigorous MBLL-based formulation. These models are derived based on extensive Monte Carlo simulations whereby we exclusively assign the source-detector-separation dependence of optical density (OD) to the Beer-Lambert term for a given object geometry, boundary configuration, and measurement setup. The additive term <i>G</i> (widely referred to as the geometry-dependent term) in the MBLL is identified as the OD intercept in the limit of zero source-detector separation,thereby excluding any source-detector-separation dependence, enabling the new formulations derived here. Our absolute MBLL-based DPF model shows the relevance of logarithmic aggregation of exponentially attenuated photon contributions in the measured OD. This differs from the arithmetic mean-pathlength treatment used in conventional mean-pathlength DPF formulations, which is widely used. Our practically usable model, which we call an inverse-distance DPF model, can be used more readily for inverse solutions in imaging and is shown to be consistent with the aforementioned more rigorous model. We benchmark the two proposed DPF models against existing formulations using both the absolute and differential (where the term <i>G</i> cancels) forms of the MBLL. The proposed models achieve errors below 20% across broad optical conditions, whereas conventional DPFs can exceed 100% error. The theoretical predictions are further validated using controlled phantom experiments, demonstrating improved quantitative accuracy in CW-NIR imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"17 10","pages":"5261-5283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep-learning-aided sarcoma biopsy guidance using forward-view endoscopic optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Haoyang Cui, Chen Wang, Kar-Ming Fung, Ajay Jain, Paul Calle, Ronghao Liu, Junyuan Liu, Yan Cui, Qinghao Zhang, Yuye Ling, Jeremy White, Qinggong Tang, Chongle Pan","doi":"10.1364/BOE.613595","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.613595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcoma diagnosis remains challenging due to tumor heterogeneity and the risk of sampling errors during biopsy, as tissue misidentification can result in non-diagnostic outcomes and repeated procedures. This study specifically targets undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and myxofibrosarcoma, imaged in specimens from the human arms and legs. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers high-resolution, real-time microstructural imaging and has shown strong potential for image-guided oncology. In this study, we benchmarked five 2D deep learning models and one custom 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) for normal versus tumor tissues classification using endoscopic OCT. The 2D models were applied to cross-sectional 2D images while the 3D CNN operated on volumetric images, with both evaluated across the Intensity and polarization-sensitive OCT channels (PS-OCT). 3D CNN reached the highest accuracy of 92.67% on Intensity, while PS-OCT channels benefited more from modern 2D architectures and 3D volumetric modeling, with performance gains up to 9.63% for the optic axis. These results demonstrated the feasibility of endoscopic OCT as a real-time, label-free tissue characterization tool during biopsy of these sarcoma tissues. The integration of deep learning with forward-viewing endoscopic OCT offers a promising pathway toward more accurate needle guidance and reduced diagnostic failure rates and established a reproducible benchmarking framework for future OCT-based detection and analysis of sarcoma tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"17 10","pages":"5213-5231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatially-offset optical coherence tomography (SO-OCT) for high dynamic range biological imaging at depth.","authors":"Emi C V Hughes, Ralf Mouthaan, Freja Høier, Gavrielle R Untracht, Peter E Andersen, Kishan Dholakia","doi":"10.1364/BOE.607448","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.607448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) in highly scattering media is limited by strong backscattering from superficial layers, which reduces sensitivity to weaker signals from deeper regions. Spatially-offset OCT (SO-OCT) addresses this limitation by introducing laterally displaced illumination and detection paths, thereby preferentially sampling photons originating from increased depths. Here, we demonstrate a high dynamic range imaging approach combining acquisitions at multiple spatial offsets and exposure times, using a tailored \"weighted root-sum-square\" merging algorithm. The resulting images exhibit enhanced contrast at depth without compromising structural fidelity in shallow regions. We achieve up to a tenfold improvement in contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in optical phantoms and a threefold improvement in <i>ex vivo</i> biological tissues compared to conventional OCT without any spatial offset. These results highlight the potential of SO-OCT combined with image merging to improve depth-resolved imaging and extend the practical dynamic range of OCT in biologically relevant scattering media.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"17 10","pages":"5232-5242"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}