Conor McFadden, James D Manton, Holly Merta, Reto Fiolka
{"title":"Increasing the acquisition speed in oblique plane microscopy via aliasing.","authors":"Conor McFadden, James D Manton, Holly Merta, Reto Fiolka","doi":"10.1364/BOE.555473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.555473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oblique plane microscopy (OPM), a variant of light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM), enables rapid volumetric imaging without mechanically scanning the sample or an objective. In an OPM, the sample space is mapped to a distortion-free image space via remote focusing, and the oblique light-sheet plane is mapped onto a camera via a tilted tertiary imaging system. As a result, the 3D point-spread function and optical transfer function (OTF) are tilted to the optical axis of the tertiary imaging system. To satisfy Nyquist sampling, small scanning steps are required to encompass the tilted 3D OTF, slowing down acquisition and increasing sample exposure. Here, we show that a judicious amount of under-sampling can lead to a form of aliasing in OPM that can be recovered without a loss of spatial resolution while minimizing artifacts. The resulting speed gains depend on the optical parameters of the system and reach 2-4-fold in our demonstrations. We leverage this method for rapid subcellular 3D imaging of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1742-1751"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mansour Abtahi, Albert K Dadzie, Behrouz Ebrahimi, Boda Huang, Yi-Ting Hsieh, Xincheng Yao
{"title":"Differential artery-vein analysis in OCTA for predicting the anti-VEGF treatment outcome of diabetic macular edema.","authors":"Mansour Abtahi, Albert K Dadzie, Behrouz Ebrahimi, Boda Huang, Yi-Ting Hsieh, Xincheng Yao","doi":"10.1364/BOE.557748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.557748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluates the role of differential artery-vein (AV) analysis in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) for treatment outcome prediction of diabetic macular edema (DME). Deep learning AV segmentation in OCTA enabled the robust extraction of quantitative AV features, including perfusion intensity density (PID), blood vessel density (BVD), vessel skeleton density (VSD), vessel area flux (VAF), blood vessel caliber (BVC), blood vessel tortuosity (BVT), and vessel perimeter index (VPI). Support vector machine (SVM) classifiers were employed to predict changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT). Comparative analysis revealed that differential AV analysis significantly enhanced prediction performance, with BCVA accuracy improved from 70.45% to 86.36% and CRT accuracy enhanced from 68.18% to 79.55% compared to traditional OCTA analysis. These findings underscore the potential of AV analysis as a transformative tool for advancing personalized therapeutic strategies and improving clinical decision-making in managing DME.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1732-1741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander F Fiedler, Ruth Leben, Herbert Stürmer, Robert Günther, Romano Matthys, Reto Nützi, Anja E Hauser, Raluca A Niesner
{"title":"FLIMB: fluorescence lifetime microendoscopy for metabolic and functional imaging of femoral marrow at subcellular resolution.","authors":"Alexander F Fiedler, Ruth Leben, Herbert Stürmer, Robert Günther, Romano Matthys, Reto Nützi, Anja E Hauser, Raluca A Niesner","doi":"10.1364/BOE.549311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.549311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intravital imaging of bone marrow provides a unique opportunity to study cellular dynamics and their interaction with the tissue microenvironment, which governs cell functions and metabolic profiles. To optically access the deep marrow of long bones, we previously developed a microendoscopy system for longitudinal two-photon fluorescence imaging of the murine femur. However, this does not provide information on cell functions or metabolism, for which quantification fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) has proven to be a versatile tool. We present and characterize FLIMB, an adapted GRIN-based microendoscopic system capable of performing reliable, co-registered TCSPC-based two-photon excited FLIM and fluorescence imaging in the femur of fluorescent reporter mice, at sub-cellular resolution. Using FLIMB, we demonstrate metabolic imaging via NAD(P)H-FLIM and intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling via FRET-FLIM in immune cell subsets, in the femoral marrow. This method retains the power to study molecular mechanisms underlying various cell functions in tissue context thus providing new insights into bone biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1711-1731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susana Marcos, Pablo Artal, Damien Gatinel, Linda Lundström, Geunyoung Yoon, Nathan Lewis
{"title":"Introduction to the feature Issue \"Improving Vision through Intraocular Lenses\": a tribute to Jim Schwiegerling.","authors":"Susana Marcos, Pablo Artal, Damien Gatinel, Linda Lundström, Geunyoung Yoon, Nathan Lewis","doi":"10.1364/BOE.561537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.561537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cataract surgery, a transformative procedure to restore vision, has seen remarkable advancements in intraocular lens (IOL) technologies. This special issue presents a collection of research that explores the performance, design, and evaluation of IOLs. From established designs and the impact of key optical parameters to innovative approaches and preoperative simulations, these contributions offer a comprehensive view of current trends and future directions in IOL development. The special issue also honors the legacy of Prof. Jim Schwiegerling whose contributions to visual optics in general, and IOLs in particular, have had a tremendous impact in the field, both in the academic, clinical and industrial communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1707-1710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katarzyna Kunio, Grzegorz Soboń, Jakub Bogusławski
{"title":"Multiphoton microscopy at a microwatt level via gain-managed nonlinear amplification and pulse-picking.","authors":"Katarzyna Kunio, Grzegorz Soboń, Jakub Bogusławski","doi":"10.1364/BOE.557132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.557132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We introduce a compact, all-fiber laser system with a gain-managed nonlinear (GMN) amplified Yb:fiber oscillator and an integrated pulse-picker. The system delivers 39 fs pulses with peak powers of 0.83 MW and adjustable pulse repetition rates (0.3-15 MHz), enabling multiphoton imaging at remarkably low excitation powers (as low as 66 µW). Its design simplifies integration and enhances experimental flexibility. Compatible with two- and three-photon excitation, but also second harmonic generation microscopy, this versatile system offers precise control of imaging parameters, making it an effective tool for advancing multiphoton microscopy and other imaging techniques across various experimental environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1692-1706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siyu Steven Lin, Haowen Zhou, Ruizhi Cao, Shi Zhao, Oumeng Zhang, Changhuei Yang
{"title":"Dome-APIC illumination design for high space-bandwidth product analytic imaging.","authors":"Siyu Steven Lin, Haowen Zhou, Ruizhi Cao, Shi Zhao, Oumeng Zhang, Changhuei Yang","doi":"10.1364/BOE.555541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.555541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breaking the tradeoff between resolution and field-of-view, while obtaining distortion-free images, can be achieved through computational imaging techniques. A recent approach, Angular Ptychographic Imaging with Close-form method (APIC), has showcased its capability to analytically recover both intricate aberrations and high space-bandwidth product complex optical fields with NA-matching and darkfield illuminations. However, its flat illumination setup limits its ability to efficiently reconstruct a large field-of-view simultaneously with high resolution, owing to the curvature in the wavefront from NA-matching illuminations and the finite beam angle of the Lambertian LED light source. Here, we introduce an illumination framework tailored for APIC consisting of a distant annular LED ring and an LED dome that enables the reconstruction of a larger area with an extended synthetic numerical aperture, consequently enhancing resolution. For a single set of measurements, our new prototype, termed Dome-APIC can reach 620nm resolution with a 10×/0.25 NA objective lens over a field-of-view of 450 <i>µ</i>m x 450 <i>µ</i>m.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1666-1677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zebrafish fluorescence imaging platform based on Bessel light sheet illumination.","authors":"Chuhui Wang, Dongmei Su, Ziheng Zhang, Jiaju Chen, Yang Liu, Cuiyi Peng, Yachen Fan, Chenggang Yan, Sanyang Han, Minjiang Chen, Xingru Huang, Jiansong Ji, Zhenglin Chen, Dong Liu, Dongmei Yu, Peiwu Qin","doi":"10.1364/BOE.542599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.542599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We developed a three-dimensional (3D) zebrafish fluorescence imaging platform based on Bessel light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM). During the 3D imaging process, the excitation light sheet remains static and the axial scanning is realized by moving the sample with one motorized positioning stage. To solve the defocusing problem caused by the optical path length change in 3D imaging, an electrically tunable lens (ETL) is adopted in the detection optical path. An auto-refocusing method that considers the sample structural anisotropy and has no limitation on the mathematical form of signals added to the ETL is designed. The results show that ETL can provide a satisfactory refocusing effect using detection objectives with a low numerical aperture (NA). In addition, the effects of the ETL on the system magnification and resolution are explored. A magnification calibration method is devised to refine the precision of the volume synthesis. The system design also facilitates the recording of ambient noise, which can help improve image quality with simple background image subtraction. This hardware-based background elimination method is compared with several state-of-the-art fluorescence image denoising algorithms, and the comparison results verified the high performance of this method. The imaging results of live zebrafish lymphatic and vascular structures, as well as blood flow, prove the reliability of this platform without necessitating further image deconvolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1678-1691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Persistent homology-based optical properties of microscopic turbid media for realistic light propagation analysis.","authors":"Jirawit Jiracheewee, Yu Shimojo, Takahiro Nishimura","doi":"10.1364/BOE.557290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.557290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The optical properties of microscopic turbid media are critical for understanding light-tissue interactions with applications in biomedical imaging and diagnostics. However, traditional scattering coefficient-based methods are limited in their ability to capture topological heterogeneities within tissue structures, which play a crucial role in describing the relationship between microscopic tissue characteristics and their corresponding light propagation behaviors. In this study, we propose using persistent homology-based persistent images (PIs) as a descriptor and optical property of microscopic tissues. As a proof of concept, we analyzed particle-distributed turbid media with uniform and clustered particle distributions by persistent homology analysis, demonstrating that PIs can capture topological characteristics that are not discernible using traditional scattering coefficient-based methods. Light propagation simulations using the beam propagation method (BPM) demonstrated that PIs correlate with optical behaviors, such as beam centroid displacement and distortion, providing a foundation for linking microscopic topological heterogeneities to light propagation behaviors. Our results validate PIs as a meaningful and predictive optical property, bridging microscopic turbid media topology with their light propagation behaviors. This work establishes PIs as a potential optical property of microscopic tissue, capturing its topological characteristics and offering predictive insights into light propagation behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1651-1665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo Ortiz, Amit Narawane, Ryan P McNabb, Anthony N Kuo, Joseph A Izatt, Mark Draelos
{"title":"Sensor-driven digital motion correction of robotically-aligned optical coherence tomography retinal volumes.","authors":"Pablo Ortiz, Amit Narawane, Ryan P McNabb, Anthony N Kuo, Joseph A Izatt, Mark Draelos","doi":"10.1364/BOE.551186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.551186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has revolutionized diagnostics in retinal ophthalmology. Traditional OCT requires minimal relative motion between the subject and scanner, which is difficult to achieve with handheld devices and/or non-stabilized subjects. We recently introduced robotically-aligned OCT (RAOCT) as an alternative that promises to alleviate these minimal-movement requirements by tracking the subject and compensating for their motion with dynamic hardware components in real-time. However, hardware and image processing delays lead to residual motion artifacts even after automatic alignment and motion compensation. Here, we introduce a novel sensor-driven digital motion correction approach that overcomes these shortcomings. Our method leverages synchronized sensing of both the subject's eye and the scanner hardware to continuously estimate the imaging system state during acquisition. The A-scans are then remapped using a ray-tracing model of the system at the precise moment of acquisition. We demonstrate that, in addition to motion compensation from RAOCT, our method further reduces residual artifacts by 88.3 %, 80.4 %, and 62.6 % across axial, lateral, and rotational motions, respectively. We also show our correction in human retinal OCT images where residual errors from acquisition were reduced down to 12.4 µm, 0.11°, and 0.39° for axial, lateral, and rotational motion, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1616-1637"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Label-free mitochondrial dynamics analysis during cell death using organelle-specific phase contrast microscopy (OS-PCM).","authors":"Jingde Fang, Hao Zhang, Zachary J Smith, Kaiqin Chu","doi":"10.1364/BOE.557745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.557745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria plays an important role in cell death and undergoes dramatic changes in states of disequilibrium. As mitochondria respond sensitively to cell stress, their dynamics should be studied without affecting cell state. However, current methods rely on labeling cells with fluorescence and introduce additional stress to the cell due to photobleaching and phototoxicity. Here, we propose to use label-free organelle-specific phase contrast microscopy (OS-PCM) to achieve prolonged, specific observation and quantitative analysis of mitochondria dynamics during cell death with minimum perturbation to cells. Using apoptosis and ferroptosis as two examples of cell death, we show quantitatively that large mitochondria tend to increase in size through a combination of swelling and fusion in response to apoptosis, while they decrease in size through fission during ferroptosis. These results provide a new and deeper understanding of mitochondrial dynamics during cell death and demonstrate that OS-PCM is a powerful tool for the gentle, facile, and quantitative study of delicate organelles under stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1602-1615"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}