Biomedical optics express最新文献

{"title":"<i>In situ</i> determination and matching of the refractive index of the human cornea to improve polarization-resolved SHG imaging in depth.","authors":"Poncia Nyembo Kasongo, Pierre Mahou, Jean-Marc Sintès, Gaël Latour, Marie-Claire Schanne-Klein","doi":"10.1364/BOE.564209","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.564209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human cornea is a highly organized tissue, which comprises hundreds of 1-3 µm thick stacked collagen lamellae. However, this microstructure is poorly characterized and requires further investigation. Polarization-resolved second harmonic generation (pSHG) microscopy is a powerful technique for this purpose because of its specificity for collagen and its sensitivity to its orientation. However, pSHG is prone to spatial resolution degradation with depth unless the immersion refractive index is matched to that of the sample, which is critical for corneas that are approximately 600 µm thick. In the absence of experimental data on the refractive index along the entire cornea, we propose a measurement method that applies to the entire cornea directly under the microscope objective. We then use an iodixanol solution to match the refractive index of the immersion medium to that of the cornea. Finally, we carefully characterize the pSHG orientation data obtained under these optimal conditions, and we show that they provide a better resolution along the entire thickness of the cornea and a better determination of the lamellae orientation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 8","pages":"3270-3282"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optoretinography with actively stabilized adaptive optics optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Jason H Wong, Shangbang Luo, Zohreh Hosseinaee, Fabio Feroldi, Austin Roorda","doi":"10.1364/BOE.566376","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.566376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optoretinography (ORG) is the optical measurement of changes in the retina in response to light stimulation. Adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (AOOCT) records photoreceptor ORGs by measuring the physical changes in their outer segment lengths in response to light stimulation. The main difficulty in recording these nanometer-scale changes is constant eye motion. Typically, fast volume acquisitions are used with offline spatial registration to compensate for the effect of eye motion. Here, we present an alternate solution whereby an adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) is used to measure the eye motion and actively guide the AOOCT beam to compensate for eye motion in real time. This system's cellular-scale tracking offers unparalleled control over scanning raster size and shape, allowing for high-speed (up to 100 kHz) ORG acquisition from targeted locations. We validate the method by comparing cone classifications against those made with an established ORG approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 8","pages":"3222-3236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISOSNet: a unified framework for cone photoreceptor detection and inner segment and outer segment length measurement from AO-OCT B-scans.","authors":"Mengxi Zhou, Yue Zhang, Eli Kirkendall, Amin Karimi Monsefi, Matthew Wolfe, Kiran A Chitkara, Stacey S Choi, Nathan Doble, Srinivasan Parthasarathy, Rajiv Ramnath","doi":"10.1364/BOE.563128","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.563128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adaptive optics-optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) enables cellular-level in vivo visualization of cone photoreceptors in the human retina. Cone biomarkers, such as density, inner segment (IS), and outer segment (OS) lengths, are potentially important for the early detection of many outer retinal conditions. However, their dense spatial packing necessitates automated analytical methods, and most existing approaches focus primarily on cone detection without addressing their detailed structural characteristics. To address this limitation, a unified neural network, termed ISOSNet, is introduced for simultaneous cone detection and IS/OS length measurement. Labeled AO-OCT B-scan datasets, encompassing healthy individuals across multiple retinal locations, were collected for model training and evaluation. Experimental results demonstrate an F1 score of 0.886 for cone detection and relative error rates of 6% and 11% for IS and OS length measurement, respectively. Validation on images from diseased retinas-despite the model being trained only on healthy retina data-highlights the generalizability of the proposed framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 8","pages":"3237-3254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wide-field choriocapillaris mapping with 3.4 MHz adaptive optics-optical coherence tomography angiography.","authors":"Zhuolin Liu, Daniel X Hammer","doi":"10.1364/BOE.550936","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.550936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human choriocapillaris (CC) plays an essential role in supporting the overlying photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelial cells and in maintaining overall retinal health. Disruption of CC structure and function is implicated in many retinal diseases, including age-related macular degeneration. Despite recent advances in ophthalmic imaging technologies, a full understanding of disease mechanisms remains elusive due to the inability to visualize CC microstructure. Here, we present a 3.4 MHz adaptive optics-optical coherence tomography angiography (AO-OCTA) approach for mapping the human choriocapillaris at high resolution to address the primary limitations of existing methodologies for CC imaging. We optimized our AO-OCTA acquisition protocols and offered guidelines for performing AO-OCTA for vessel imaging. Our approach achieves high resolution and high contrast CC imaging with single volume acquisition that takes <1 second, allowing rapid montaging and quantification over a 34° field of view. The proposed AO-OCTA method offers a more complete view of the outer retinal neurovascular complex, opening tremendous opportunities to investigate chorioretinal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 8","pages":"3255-3269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Off-axis imagery through two multi-segment lenses for myopia treatment.","authors":"David A Atchison, W N Charman, Matt Jaskulski","doi":"10.1364/BOE.558990","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.558990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We used modeling to investigate the imaging characteristics of two multi-segment spectacle lenses intended to treat myopia progression. Determinations were made for the peripheral field, when the eye looks through the lens center, and for foveal vision, when the eye rotates and looks through the lens surround, including the segments. Power corrections were derived across the field and across the pupil, and image quality was determined through spot diagrams and point-spread functions. Optics were characterized by high corrections, particularly in the periphery, including considerable astigmatism and large variations across the pupil. As with another lens studied previously, obliquity of light incidence produced greater aberrations than would occur at normal incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 8","pages":"3206-3221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the estimation of the spherical equivalent subjective refraction using objective information on accommodation.","authors":"Aina Turull-Mallofré, Mikel Aldaba, Jaume Pujol, Carlos E García-Guerra","doi":"10.1364/BOE.562636","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.562636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Machine learning and deep learning have previously been used to predict the subjective refraction endpoint by objective means with modest success. This study aimed to enhance predictive accuracy by training linear regression models with normal equations using accommodative response and optical quality data. Three models were tested on 176 eyes, with input variables obtained from a Hartmann-Shack aberrometer and an autorefractor. The best model reduced mean absolute error by 40% compared to the objective refraction provided by a commercial autorefractometer and achieved 95% limits of agreement with subjective refraction of ±0.54 D, approaching the subjective refraction inter-examiner variability. Incorporating accommodative response data improved prediction accuracy over objective refraction alone and previous approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 8","pages":"3194-3205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axicons for improved resolution and depth of focus in adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy.","authors":"Ruth E Woehlke, Robert F Cooper","doi":"10.1364/BOE.564398","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.564398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopes are instrumental for studying the eye, yet they use truncated Gaussian illumination and are limited by diffraction, restricting resolution and depth of focus (DOF). Non-diffractive Bessel beams have emerged as an alternative. Here, we use two axicons configured as: (1) an extended DOF beam for resolving multiple retinal layers; and (2) an annular beam for increasing lateral resolution. We compare both approaches to truncated Gaussian illumination using a variety of metrics. Using Configuration 1, we successfully observed multiple retinal layers simultaneously. Using Configuration 2, we observed enhanced lateral resolution but decreased signal-to-noise ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 8","pages":"3172-3193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo dynamic imaging reveals the oviduct as a leaky peristaltic pump in transporting a preimplantation embryo toward pregnancy.","authors":"Huan Han, Tianqi Fang, Aleese Mukhamedjanova, Shang Wang","doi":"10.1364/BOE.565065","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.565065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mammalian oviduct (also called the fallopian tube) is an essential organ for natural pregnancy. As one of its major functions, the oviduct transports preimplantation embryos to the uterus for implantation. This is a critical process, and abnormalities are responsible for a range of reproductive disorders, such as tubal ectopic pregnancy and infertility, whose etiologies are unclear. For transporting embryos, the oviduct is fundamentally a tubular mechanical pump with motile cilia lining the luminal epithelium and smooth muscle surrounding the mucosa wall. Although bidirectional movement of embryos has been observed during the transport process, how the oviduct produces this type of embryo movement remains unknown. Understanding this pumping mechanism is vital to identifying the functional causes of oviduct-related reproductive disorders, but answering this question requires dynamic imaging of the transport process in its native environment, which is difficult to achieve in mammalian models. Here, we use optical coherence tomography and apply <i>in vivo</i> dynamic 3D imaging of the mouse oviduct to uncover the oviduct pumping mechanism in transporting preimplantation embryos toward pregnancy. By inhibiting the oviduct smooth muscle contraction, we first show that the oviduct muscular activity drives the bidirectional embryo movement. We then present a quantitative assessment of the oviduct contraction wave. This analysis, together with the embryo movement information, indicates that the forward movement of embryos is produced by peristalsis, while the backward embryo movement is generated by a suction process driven by the oviduct relaxation at earlier contraction sites, showing a leaky peristaltic pump. Finally, we reveal how the net displacement of embryos is created under this pumping mechanism, which effectively transports embryos toward the uterus. This work elucidates, for the first time, the oviduct pumping mechanism in transporting preimplantation embryos, paving the way for understanding the biomechanics of the mammalian oviduct.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 8","pages":"3156-3171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced supercritical angle localization microscopy through point spread function modeling.","authors":"Sajjad A Khan, Keith A Lidke, Sheng Liu","doi":"10.1364/BOE.563592","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.563592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) enables precise spatial localization of single molecules in cellular structures. A phenomenon called supercritical angle fluorescence (SAF) is utilized in SMLM (SAF-SMLM) to estimate the axial positions of single fluorophores. It is based on the fact that SAF intensity is highly sensitive to the fluorophore-coverslip distance. Conventional SAF-SMLM methods typically involve splitting the fluorescence emission into supercritical and undercritical components, which requires a complicated two-channel system and can lead to reduced light efficiency. In this work, we introduce a simplified approach to traditional SAF-SMLM by directly detecting all fluorescence into a single channel. Through simulations, we found that by accurately modeling the point spread function (PSF) with SAF, a single-channel system achieves better localization precision than two-channel-based SAF-SMLM systems. Furthermore, we developed a stage-tilt correction algorithm, incorporating stage tilt in the PSF model, to improve axial precision over the entire field of view. We applied our method experimentally by imaging F-actin filaments in HeLa cells. We demonstrate that our method efficiently exploits the information from SAF and achieves enhanced axial localization precision and accuracy compared to traditional SMLM localization methods for single-channel systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 8","pages":"3139-3155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying ocular microaberration using a high-resolution Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor.","authors":"Seung Pil Bang, Praveen Kumar, Geunyoung Yoon","doi":"10.1364/BOE.566011","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.566011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To quantify high-spatial-frequency wavefront errors caused by microaberration, we developed a high-resolution (20 µm) Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWFS). This system was designed using a small lenslet array (100 µm) and a large CMOS sensor (24.6 × 32.8 mm), incorporating 5× pupil magnification. Measurements were performed on 20 normal subjects aged 25 to 60 years, all without clinically evident corneal scars or cataracts. Examinations were performed under cycloplegia with a 4.5-mm pupil diameter. Ocular wavefronts were reconstructed using both modal and zonal methods, derived from the same local wavefront slopes measured by each lenslet. To isolate high-frequency wavefront errors due to microaberration, the modal wavefront was subtracted from the zonal wavefront, and the resulting root mean square (RMS) was calculated as a metric of microaberration-induced wavefront distortions. The mean RMS values increased with age: 13.5 ± 1.1 nm in the 20s, 14.1 ± 0.7 nm in the 30s, 15.9 ± 1.3 nm in the 40s, and 16.3 ± 1.5 nm in the 50s, showing a strong correlation with age (R² = 0.73; P < 0.001). This study demonstrates the feasibility of quantifying microaberration using a high-resolution SHWFS combined with zonal reconstruction, confirming an age-related increase in microaberration. This technique offers potential for enhancing optical quality assessment, considering both wavefront aberrations and microaberrations, and could aid in diagnosing age-related ocular disorders such as cataracts and dry eye.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 8","pages":"3128-3138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}