Pengfei Song, Chengjin Song, Yubao Zhang, Xiao Han, Peijun Tang, Chaitanya Duvvuri, Jingjiang Xu, Yanping Huang, Jia Qin, Lin An, Michael D Twa, Gongpu Lan
{"title":"Air-pulse optical coherence elastography: how excitation angle affects mechanical wave propagation.","authors":"Pengfei Song, Chengjin Song, Yubao Zhang, Xiao Han, Peijun Tang, Chaitanya Duvvuri, Jingjiang Xu, Yanping Huang, Jia Qin, Lin An, Michael D Twa, Gongpu Lan","doi":"10.1364/BOE.557984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.557984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluate the effect of excitation angles on the observation and characterization of surface wave propagations used to derive tissue's mechanical properties in optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based elastography (OCE). Air-pulse stimulation was performed at the center of the sample with excitation angles ranging from oblique (e.g., 70° or 45°) to perpendicular (0°). OCT scanning was conducted radially to record <i>en face</i> mechanical wave propagations in 360°, and the wave features (amplitude, attenuation, group and phase velocities) were calculated in the spatiotemporal or wavenumber-frequency domains. We conducted measurements on isotropic, homogeneous samples (1-1.6% agar phantoms), anisotropic samples (chicken breast), and samples with complex boundaries, coupling media, and stress conditions (<i>ex vivo</i> porcine cornea, intraocular pressure (IOP): 5-20 mmHg). Our findings indicate that mechanical wave velocities are less affected by excitation angles compared to displacement features, demonstrating the robustness of using mechanical waves for elasticity estimations. Agar and chicken breast sample measurements showed that all these metrics (particularly wave velocities) are relatively consistent when excitation angles are smaller than 45°. However, significant disparities were observed in the porcine cornea measurements across different excitation angles (even between 15° and 0°), particularly at high IOP levels (e.g., 20 mmHg). Our findings provide valuable insights for enhancing the accuracy of biomechanical assessments using air-pulse-based or other dynamic OCE approaches. This facilitates the refinement and clinical translation of the OCE technique and could ultimately improve diagnostic and therapeutic applications across various biomedical fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1371-1391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiahao Du, Tingting Yuan, Xiaotong Zhang, Kai Zhang, Fuyin Zhu, Wang Chen, Xuehui Tang, Changlin Xiao, Libo Yuan
{"title":"Photodynamic particle pump in microfluidic systems.","authors":"Jiahao Du, Tingting Yuan, Xiaotong Zhang, Kai Zhang, Fuyin Zhu, Wang Chen, Xuehui Tang, Changlin Xiao, Libo Yuan","doi":"10.1364/BOE.555270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.555270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Micro-pumps are widely used in biomedical equipment such as flow cytometry. In micro-flow systems, pumps are usually the main tool and means to control the flow rate of liquid. Controlling the particle movement in micro-flow is always a difficult problem in a mixed fluid of liquid and particles. In this paper, we propose a new type of photodynamic particle pump based on annular-core hollow-center fiber. The laser is coupled into the annular core by fused tapering optical fiber and welding at the cone point. A femtosecond laser processing system is used to process microscopic holes on the side of the fiber to achieve particle injection. The laser will converge to form a conical shell light field after passing through the cone, and the speed of the particles increases after passing through the conical shell light field, thus forming a particle pump. The experimental results show that the particle velocity increases with the increase of laser power at low injection pressure. In the case of constant power, the flow rate is independent of the injection pressure, and the particle velocity in the micro-flow system is controlled. It has important value and application prospects for particle acceleration control of microfluidic chip systems and cell manipulation and sorting in the microbiological field.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1392-1405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iñaki Blanco-Martínez, David A Atchison, Fuensanta A Vera-Diaz, Jos J Rozema
{"title":"Retinal reconstruction from peripheral biometry.","authors":"Iñaki Blanco-Martínez, David A Atchison, Fuensanta A Vera-Diaz, Jos J Rozema","doi":"10.1364/BOE.549290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.549290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a method for retinal reconstruction using peripheral biometry. The incident beam is presumed to be directed toward the center of curvature of the anterior cornea, reaching the retina with minimal deviation. A significant advancement is demonstrated by extending previous approaches to three dimensions and effectively capturing the complexity of astigmatic corneal surfaces. The method was evaluated in Zemax using Navarro's eye model featuring a retina of 12 mm radius, across various levels of accommodation ranging from 0 to 8 D, and a visual field angle between 25 and 25°. The method's reliability diminishes for field angles ≥ 35°. Validation was carried out using 500 synthetically generated eyes, and the method's performance was also assessed with an ellipsoidal retina. The findings revealed that spherical equivalent differences were consistently under 0.25 D at 25° for both types of retinas. Overall, these results demonstrate the method's effectiveness, offering a promising new tool for retinal reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1359-1370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental and modeling analysis of lenses with concentric cylindrical annular refractive elements: impact on peripheral imaging.","authors":"Yongji Liu, Dongyu Liu, Xiaoyang Hu, Xiaoqin Chen, Hongliang Liu, Lihua Li","doi":"10.1364/BOE.546942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.546942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mechanism by which myopia-managing spectacle lenses slow myopia progression remains controversial. Understanding the changes these lenses introduce to peripheral imaging properties helps shed light on this controversial issue. Given the difficulty of directly measuring these changes in clinical settings, this study combined experimental and modeling approaches to evaluate changes in images at the retina induced by myopia-managing lenses. Optical characteristics that may related to the efficacy of the lenses with concentric cylindrical annular refractive elements (CARE) in myopia control were investigated. Three lenses were evaluated: MyoCare (MC), MyoCare S (MCS), and a single vision (SV) lens with a custom-built physical eye model and optical simulations for the analysis. The simulated PSFs are consistent with the measured ones. PSF analysis showed that MC and MCS lenses produce discrete curves, resulting in remarkable distortion in the simulated retina images, especially for large eccentricities. Whether they increase or decrease contrast depends on the spatial frequencies and eccentricities. These lenses also increase retinal light intensity at different eccentricities. The positive power of the CARE structure introduces myopic defocus of less than 0.25 D at only a limited range of eccentricities. The proposed approaches present relatively straightforward techniques for evaluating the optical performance of myopia-managing spectacle lenses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1344-1358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PS-OCT imaging of the anterior segment under different eyeball rotations.","authors":"Weike Wang, Di Yang, Songwen Xu, Wenguang Chen, Wei Zhang, Yanmei Liang","doi":"10.1364/BOE.547391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.547391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eyeball rotation potentially reflects the physiological characteristics of the anterior segment. Understanding the structural changes in the anterior segment during eyeball rotation is essential for gaining deeper insights into the biomechanical processes of eye movement and its impact on visual quality. Using a homemade swept-source polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (SS-PS-OCT) system, we scanned normal human eyes and examined changes in anterior segment tissues during different eyeball rotations. Our analysis of the PS-OCT images revealed the structural and polarization characteristics of the anterior segment, demonstrating that the system possesses high sensitivity in detecting changes in birefringence induced by eyeball rotation, and found that microscopic changes in the anterior segment can be identified by the polarization information. Our results demonstrated that polarization information can enhance the contrast in ophthalmic OCT diagnostics, and proved PS-OCT has significant potential in studying the characteristics of anterior segment tissues and the biomechanical behavior associated with eyeball rotation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1330-1343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pietro Ferraro, Tatiana Alieva, Pasquale Memmolo, George Nehmetallah, Yaping Zhang
{"title":"Recent breakthroughs in digital holography, 2D/3D imaging, and holographic optical elements: introduction.","authors":"Pietro Ferraro, Tatiana Alieva, Pasquale Memmolo, George Nehmetallah, Yaping Zhang","doi":"10.1364/BOE.559576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.559576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Optica Digital Holography and Three-Dimensional Imaging Topical Meeting (DH) 2024 in Paestum, Italy. brought together a vibrant hub for global experts to showcase cutting-edge research and industry pioneers to discuss the latest developments in digital holography (DH) and 3D imaging techniques. This meeting's impact is further amplified by a dedicated feature issue across three prestigious Optica journals: <i>Applied Optics</i>, <i>Journal of the Optical Society of America A</i>, and <i>Biomedical Optics Express</i>. This introduction summarizes the diverse and high-quality contributions, highlighting key advancements and applications that are shaping the future of DH and imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1327-1329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julian G Maloberti, Lukas Velas, Simon Moser, Anna Gaugutz, Marina Bishara, Gerhard J Schütz, Alexander Jesacher
{"title":"Joint estimation of point spread function and molecule positions in SMLM informed from multiple planes.","authors":"Julian G Maloberti, Lukas Velas, Simon Moser, Anna Gaugutz, Marina Bishara, Gerhard J Schütz, Alexander Jesacher","doi":"10.1364/BOE.551278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.551278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advent of single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) has transformed our capacity to investigate biological structures at the nanoscale. While the research focus has long been on improving localization precision, systematic errors caused by optical aberrations are often overlooked. In the case of 3D SMLM, such errors have the potential to significantly impair the quality of the resulting images. In this paper, we present an imaging and data processing approach that jointly estimates both, molecule positions and optical aberrations in SMLM. Therefore, the method minimizes systematic errors in SMLM reconstructions without the necessity of additional experimental calibration steps, such as the recording of fluorescent bead z-stacks. We investigate the reliability of this approach, especially in situations where the joint retrieval can be expected to be ill-posed, i.e., whenever the sample is \"flat\" and provides little diversity among the captured single molecule images. To enhance the reliability of the inverse problem solution, we suggest utilizing small SMLM data sets acquired at one or more slightly defocused \"auxiliary\" planes. We investigate the effectiveness of our approach through numerical simulations and imaging experiments of a calibration probe and nuclear pore complexes. Our method is simple and integrates seamlessly into existing SMLM setups without necessitating modifications or added complexity to the system.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1310-1326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oleg Zhukov, Dmitry D Postnov, Kamilla H Hejn, Kim Ravnskjaer, Olga Sosnovtseva
{"title":"Laser speckle contrast imaging of hepatic microcirculation.","authors":"Oleg Zhukov, Dmitry D Postnov, Kamilla H Hejn, Kim Ravnskjaer, Olga Sosnovtseva","doi":"10.1364/BOE.554663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.554663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The liver controls blood homeostasis and depends critically on adequate blood supply. While the global regulation of liver blood flow via the hepatic arterial buffer response is well established, the mechanisms governing hepatic sinusoidal hemodynamics remain elusive. We use laser speckle contrast imaging to investigate the hepatic microvascular blood flow in anesthetized rats. Laser speckle contrast imaging offers a spatial resolution of a few micrometers, enabling visualization of individual microvessels, and a temporal resolution sufficient to track flow dynamics. This allowed us to resolve individual sinusoids and venules on the liver surface and to detect a reduction of the blood flow following local Angiotensin II injections. We show that the microvascular blood flow oscillates with frequencies within the range of 0.05-0.4 Hz, which may be linked to rhythmic contraction of upstream blood vessels. Our findings provide insights into vessel-specific liver microcirculation <i>in vivo</i>, offering new opportunities to explore vascular dysfunction mechanisms in metabolic liver diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1299-1309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive Raman spectral unmixing method based on Voigt peak compensation for quantitative analysis of cellular biochemical components.","authors":"Xiang Chen, Ping Tang, Jianhui Wan, Weina Zhang, Liyun Zhong","doi":"10.1364/BOE.553461","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.553461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Raman spectroscopy, with its unique \"molecular fingerprint\" characteristics, is an essential tool for label-free, non-invasive biochemical analysis of cells. It provides precise information on cellular biochemical components, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids by analyzing molecular vibrational modes. However, overlapping Raman spectral signals make spectral unmixing crucial for accurate quantification. Traditional unmixing methods face challenges: unsupervised algorithms yield poorly interpretable results, while supervised methods like BCA rely heavily on accurate reference spectra and are sensitive to environmental changes (e.g., pH, temperature, excitation wavelength), causing spectral distortion and reducing quantitative reliability. This study addresses these challenges by introducing a parameterized Voigt function into the linear spectral mixing model for element spectrum compensation, using iterative least-squares optimization for adaptive unmixing and quantitative analysis. Simulations show that the Voigt-compensated unmixing algorithm improves spectral fitting accuracy and robustness. Applied to Raman spectra from Hela cell apoptosis and iPSCs differentiation, the algorithm accurately tracks biochemical molecular changes, proving its applicability in cellular Raman spectral analysis and a precise, reliable, and versatile tool for quantitative biochemical analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 3","pages":"1284-1298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elisabetta Di Franco, Giulia Tedeschi, Lorenzo Scipioni, Enrico Gratton, Michelle Digman, Marco Castello, Alberto Diaspro, Giuseppe Vicidomini, Paolo Bianchini, Luca Lanzanò
{"title":"Exploiting the detector distance information in image scanning microscopy by phasor-based SPLIT-ISM.","authors":"Elisabetta Di Franco, Giulia Tedeschi, Lorenzo Scipioni, Enrico Gratton, Michelle Digman, Marco Castello, Alberto Diaspro, Giuseppe Vicidomini, Paolo Bianchini, Luca Lanzanò","doi":"10.1364/BOE.551255","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.551255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Confocal microscopy is an important bio-imaging technique that increases the resolution using a spatial pinhole to block out-of-focus light. In theory, the maximum resolution and optical sectioning are obtained when the detection pinhole is fully closed, but this is prevented by the dramatic decrease in the signal reaching the detector. In image scanning microscopy (ISM) this limitation is overcome by the use of an array of point detectors rather than a single detector. This, combined with pixel reassignment, increases the resolution of <math><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt> </math> over widefield imaging, with relatively little modification to the existing hardware of a laser-scanning microscope. Separation of photons by lifetime tuning (SPLIT) is a super-resolution technique, based on the phasor analysis of the fluorescent signal into an additional channel of the microscope. Here, we use SPLIT to analyze the information encoded within the array detectors distance for improving the resolution of ISM (SPLIT-ISM). We find that the lateral resolution can be increased of an additional 1.3 × with respect to the pixel-reassigned image with a concomitant increase in optical sectioning. We applied the SPLIT-ISM technique on biological images acquired by two currently available ISM systems: the Genoa Instruments PRISM and the Zeiss Airyscan. We evaluate the improvement provided by SPLIT-ISM through the QuICS algorithm, a quantitative tool based on image correlation spectroscopy. QuICS allows extracting three parameters related to the resolution, and contrast SNR of the image. We find that SPLIT-ISM provides an increase in spatial resolution for both the Genoa Instrument PRISM and the Zeiss Airyscan microscopes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 3","pages":"1270-1283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}