Siyu Steven Lin, Haowen Zhou, Ruizhi Cao, Shi Zhao, Oumeng Zhang, Changhuei Yang
{"title":"Dome-APIC illumination design for high space-bandwidth product analytic imaging.","authors":"Siyu Steven Lin, Haowen Zhou, Ruizhi Cao, Shi Zhao, Oumeng Zhang, Changhuei Yang","doi":"10.1364/BOE.555541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.555541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breaking the tradeoff between resolution and field-of-view, while obtaining distortion-free images, can be achieved through computational imaging techniques. A recent approach, Angular Ptychographic Imaging with Close-form method (APIC), has showcased its capability to analytically recover both intricate aberrations and high space-bandwidth product complex optical fields with NA-matching and darkfield illuminations. However, its flat illumination setup limits its ability to efficiently reconstruct a large field-of-view simultaneously with high resolution, owing to the curvature in the wavefront from NA-matching illuminations and the finite beam angle of the Lambertian LED light source. Here, we introduce an illumination framework tailored for APIC consisting of a distant annular LED ring and an LED dome that enables the reconstruction of a larger area with an extended synthetic numerical aperture, consequently enhancing resolution. For a single set of measurements, our new prototype, termed Dome-APIC can reach 620nm resolution with a 10×/0.25 NA objective lens over a field-of-view of 450 <i>µ</i>m x 450 <i>µ</i>m.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1666-1677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zebrafish fluorescence imaging platform based on Bessel light sheet illumination.","authors":"Chuhui Wang, Dongmei Su, Ziheng Zhang, Jiaju Chen, Yang Liu, Cuiyi Peng, Yachen Fan, Chenggang Yan, Sanyang Han, Minjiang Chen, Xingru Huang, Jiansong Ji, Zhenglin Chen, Dong Liu, Dongmei Yu, Peiwu Qin","doi":"10.1364/BOE.542599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.542599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We developed a three-dimensional (3D) zebrafish fluorescence imaging platform based on Bessel light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM). During the 3D imaging process, the excitation light sheet remains static and the axial scanning is realized by moving the sample with one motorized positioning stage. To solve the defocusing problem caused by the optical path length change in 3D imaging, an electrically tunable lens (ETL) is adopted in the detection optical path. An auto-refocusing method that considers the sample structural anisotropy and has no limitation on the mathematical form of signals added to the ETL is designed. The results show that ETL can provide a satisfactory refocusing effect using detection objectives with a low numerical aperture (NA). In addition, the effects of the ETL on the system magnification and resolution are explored. A magnification calibration method is devised to refine the precision of the volume synthesis. The system design also facilitates the recording of ambient noise, which can help improve image quality with simple background image subtraction. This hardware-based background elimination method is compared with several state-of-the-art fluorescence image denoising algorithms, and the comparison results verified the high performance of this method. The imaging results of live zebrafish lymphatic and vascular structures, as well as blood flow, prove the reliability of this platform without necessitating further image deconvolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1678-1691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Persistent homology-based optical properties of microscopic turbid media for realistic light propagation analysis.","authors":"Jirawit Jiracheewee, Yu Shimojo, Takahiro Nishimura","doi":"10.1364/BOE.557290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.557290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The optical properties of microscopic turbid media are critical for understanding light-tissue interactions with applications in biomedical imaging and diagnostics. However, traditional scattering coefficient-based methods are limited in their ability to capture topological heterogeneities within tissue structures, which play a crucial role in describing the relationship between microscopic tissue characteristics and their corresponding light propagation behaviors. In this study, we propose using persistent homology-based persistent images (PIs) as a descriptor and optical property of microscopic tissues. As a proof of concept, we analyzed particle-distributed turbid media with uniform and clustered particle distributions by persistent homology analysis, demonstrating that PIs can capture topological characteristics that are not discernible using traditional scattering coefficient-based methods. Light propagation simulations using the beam propagation method (BPM) demonstrated that PIs correlate with optical behaviors, such as beam centroid displacement and distortion, providing a foundation for linking microscopic topological heterogeneities to light propagation behaviors. Our results validate PIs as a meaningful and predictive optical property, bridging microscopic turbid media topology with their light propagation behaviors. This work establishes PIs as a potential optical property of microscopic tissue, capturing its topological characteristics and offering predictive insights into light propagation behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1651-1665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo Ortiz, Amit Narawane, Ryan P McNabb, Anthony N Kuo, Joseph A Izatt, Mark Draelos
{"title":"Sensor-driven digital motion correction of robotically-aligned optical coherence tomography retinal volumes.","authors":"Pablo Ortiz, Amit Narawane, Ryan P McNabb, Anthony N Kuo, Joseph A Izatt, Mark Draelos","doi":"10.1364/BOE.551186","DOIUrl":"10.1364/BOE.551186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has revolutionized diagnostics in retinal ophthalmology. Traditional OCT requires minimal relative motion between the subject and scanner, which is difficult to achieve with handheld devices and/or non-stabilized subjects. We recently introduced robotically-aligned OCT (RAOCT) as an alternative that promises to alleviate these minimal-movement requirements by tracking the subject and compensating for their motion with dynamic hardware components in real-time. However, hardware and image processing delays lead to residual motion artifacts even after automatic alignment and motion compensation. Here, we introduce a novel sensor-driven digital motion correction approach that overcomes these shortcomings. Our method leverages synchronized sensing of both the subject's eye and the scanner hardware to continuously estimate the imaging system state during acquisition. The A-scans are then remapped using a ray-tracing model of the system at the precise moment of acquisition. We demonstrate that, in addition to motion compensation from RAOCT, our method further reduces residual artifacts by 88.3 %, 80.4 %, and 62.6 % across axial, lateral, and rotational motions, respectively. We also show our correction in human retinal OCT images where residual errors from acquisition were reduced down to 12.4 µm, 0.11°, and 0.39° for axial, lateral, and rotational motion, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1616-1637"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Label-free mitochondrial dynamics analysis during cell death using organelle-specific phase contrast microscopy (OS-PCM).","authors":"Jingde Fang, Hao Zhang, Zachary J Smith, Kaiqin Chu","doi":"10.1364/BOE.557745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.557745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria plays an important role in cell death and undergoes dramatic changes in states of disequilibrium. As mitochondria respond sensitively to cell stress, their dynamics should be studied without affecting cell state. However, current methods rely on labeling cells with fluorescence and introduce additional stress to the cell due to photobleaching and phototoxicity. Here, we propose to use label-free organelle-specific phase contrast microscopy (OS-PCM) to achieve prolonged, specific observation and quantitative analysis of mitochondria dynamics during cell death with minimum perturbation to cells. Using apoptosis and ferroptosis as two examples of cell death, we show quantitatively that large mitochondria tend to increase in size through a combination of swelling and fusion in response to apoptosis, while they decrease in size through fission during ferroptosis. These results provide a new and deeper understanding of mitochondrial dynamics during cell death and demonstrate that OS-PCM is a powerful tool for the gentle, facile, and quantitative study of delicate organelles under stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1602-1615"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robin Dale, Nicholas Ross, Scott Howard, Thomas D O'Sullivan, Hamid Dehghani
{"title":"Towards real-time diffuse optical tomography with a handheld scanning probe.","authors":"Robin Dale, Nicholas Ross, Scott Howard, Thomas D O'Sullivan, Hamid Dehghani","doi":"10.1364/BOE.549880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.549880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) performed using deep-learning allows high-speed reconstruction of tissue optical properties and could thereby enable image-guided scanning, e.g., to enhance clinical breast imaging. Previously published models are geometry-specific and, therefore, require extensive data generation and training for each use case, restricting the scanning protocol at the point of use. A transformer-based architecture is proposed to overcome these obstacles that encode spatially unstructured DOT measurements, enabling a single trained model to handle arbitrary scanning pathways and measurement density. The model is demonstrated with breast tissue-emulating simulated and phantom data, yielding - for 24 mm-deep absorptions (<i>μ</i> <sub><i>a</i></sub> ) and reduced scattering (<i>μ</i> <sub><i>s</i></sub> ') images, respectively - average RMSEs of 0.0095±0.0023 cm<sup>-1</sup> and 1.95±0.78 cm<sup>-1</sup>, Sørensen-Dice coefficients of 0.55±0.12 and 0.67±0.1, and anomaly contrast of 79±10% and 93.3±4.6% of the ground-truth contrast, with an effective imaging speed of 14 Hz. The average absolute <i>μ</i> <sub><i>a</i></sub> and <i>μ</i> <sub><i>s</i></sub> ' values of homogeneous simulated examples were within 10% of the true values.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1582-1601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Needle hydrophone-based photoacoustic microscopy with experimentally measured impulse response for improved depth of focus.","authors":"Kisik Kim, Oleksandra Gulenko","doi":"10.1364/BOE.560563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.560563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reconstruction-based acoustic-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (AR-PAM) has been developed to extend the depth of field (DOF), enabling simultaneous observation of structures at multiple depths. However, conventional AR-PAM systems, which rely on focused transducers, face inherent limitations in effectively increasing the DOF. To address this issue, we developed a needle hydrophone (NH)-based AR-PAM system that enables deep imaging with enhanced resolution and improved DOF. The proposed system was validated using tissue-mimicking phantoms and <i>ex Ovo</i> chick embryo imaging. Our results demonstrated a DOF exceeding 20 mm, a lateral resolution comparable to the NH diameter (∼400 µm) at shallow depth (10 mm) and 870 µm at deep depth (30 mm), and an axial resolution of 250 µm. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of different reconstruction techniques, including the measured impulse response function (MIRF), simulated impulse response function (SIRF), and coherence factor (CF). Our comparative analysis revealed that MIRF-based reconstruction provided superior performance in maintaining resolution and image quality across varying depths, making it the most effective approach for multi-depth imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1638-1650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Cuartas-Vélez, Isabella Gómez-Gallego, Nienke Bosschaart
{"title":"Non-invasive quantification of total hemoglobin concentrations by visible-light spectroscopic optical coherence tomography: a validation study on healthy volunteers.","authors":"Carlos Cuartas-Vélez, Isabella Gómez-Gallego, Nienke Bosschaart","doi":"10.1364/BOE.549671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.549671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinically, a high demand exists for the noninvasive assessment of total hemoglobin concentrations in vulnerable patient groups. Despite the sensitivity of many optical modalities to the absorption of hemoglobin, it has remained challenging to optically measure hemoglobin concentrations noninvasively with sufficient accuracy. Compared to other optical modalities, visible-light spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (vis-sOCT) has the unique ability to quantify optical properties within highly confined tissue volumes. However, total hemoglobin quantification <i>in vivo</i> is still limited due to a lack of dedicated acquisition schemes, processing methods, and validation against a gold standard. In this work, we introduce an approach that combines optical angiography with spatially resolved visible-light spectroscopy to obtain clinically representative estimations of the total hemoglobin concentration in the skin microcirculation. We validate our approach <i>in vivo</i> on a group of 27 healthy volunteers against hemoglobin measurements on venous blood samples with a commercial blood analyzer. The measured hemoglobin concentration by vis-sOCT correlates moderately, but significantly with the blood analyzer (<i>R</i> = 0.47, <i>p</i> = 0.015). This approach quantifies hemoglobin with a mean bias of 0.6 g dL<sup>-1</sup> and an average standard deviation of 1.3 g dL<sup>-1</sup> in the healthy hemoglobin range (14-19 g dL<sup>-1</sup>). Moreover, the results highlight the known influence of gender on the comparison between the microcirculatory and venous hemoglobin concentration. This observed influence of gender further suggests that vis-sOCT is sensitive to microcirculatory changes in hemoglobin concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1569-1581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Hu, Wenhao Xu, Xin Chen, Xiaojie Zhao, Xiaoguang Xu, Jing Peng, Qi Song, Bingyuan Zhang, Min Zhang, Hongzhuan Xuan
{"title":"Black phosphorus enabled non-invasive protein detection with electromagnetic induction well terahertz biosensor chips.","authors":"Xin Hu, Wenhao Xu, Xin Chen, Xiaojie Zhao, Xiaoguang Xu, Jing Peng, Qi Song, Bingyuan Zhang, Min Zhang, Hongzhuan Xuan","doi":"10.1364/BOE.554409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.554409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Terahertz biosensors are employed to detect proteins in cancer cells to facilitate early diagnosis and monitoring of cancer treatments. By optimizing the design and functionality of black phosphorus-based sensors, it is possible to enhance their sensitivity and specificity for specific cancer biomarkers, leading to more accurate diagnostic outcomes. The application of the externally applied magnetic field and the 455 nm continuous-wave laser further augments the sensitivity of cellular responses to THz waves, with magnetic influences typically surpassing those of light fields by 10%-80%. Our results examine the photonic properties of black phosphorus, improve its interaction with terahertz waves, and create prototypes that can selectively identify proteins associated with cancer cells. Additionally, the stability and reproducibility of these sensors have been greatly improved, boosting their potential for widespread use in clinical environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1546-1556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yingjie Feng, Qiuqin Mao, Lei Hong, Xiaotian Wang, Chao Tao, Xiaojun Liu
{"title":"Quantitative assessment of thrombosis-induced blood oxygenation change in deep tissues based on photoacoustic tomography: an <i>ex vivo</i> study.","authors":"Yingjie Feng, Qiuqin Mao, Lei Hong, Xiaotian Wang, Chao Tao, Xiaojun Liu","doi":"10.1364/BOE.557086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.557086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The staging and classification of thrombosis hold significant clinical value for optimizing thrombus treatment strategies. In this study, we propose a quantitative method based on photoacoustic tomography for assessing thrombosis in deep tissues. By using inner chromophore signals as a correction factor, this approach minimizes the 'spectral coloring' effects caused by overlying heterogeneous tissues. <i>Ex vivo</i> experiments validate that the method acquires accurate spectra up to a depth of 30 mm across various tissue conditions. After calibration, the Pearson correlation coefficients calculated for the spectrum in deep tissue against the uncolored absorption spectrum is 15% higher, and the standard deviation of the Pearson correlation coefficients decreased by 58%. Sequential measurements capture time-dependent spectral changes of thrombus phantom during six days, providing a potential diagnostic reference for thrombus formation time and type. This method offers a non-invasive, practical tool for accurately quantifying thrombosis stages, which might be valuable for optimizing treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8969,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical optics express","volume":"16 4","pages":"1557-1568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}