Biomolecules最新文献

{"title":"Altered Gut Microbiota Patterns in Young Children with Recent Maltreatment Exposure.","authors":"Gergana Karaboycheva, Melanie L Conrad, Peggy Dörr, Katja Dittrich, Elena Murray, Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka, Mariusz Kaczmarczyk, Igor Łoniewski, Heiko Klawitter, Claudia Buss, Sonja Entringer, Elisabeth Binder, Sibylle M Winter, Christine Heim","doi":"10.3390/biom14101313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14101313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The brain and the intestinal microbiota are highly interconnected and especially vulnerable to disruptions in early life. Emerging evidence indicates that psychosocial adversity detrimentally impacts the intestinal microbiota, affecting both physical and mental health. This study aims to investigate the gut microbiome in young children in the immediate aftermath of maltreatment exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Maltreatment exposure was assessed in 88 children (ages 3-7) using the Maternal Interview for the Classification of Maltreatment [MICM]. Children were allocated to three groups according to the number of experienced maltreatment categories: no maltreatment, low maltreatment, and high maltreatment exposures. Stool samples were collected and analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children subjected to high maltreatment exposure exhibited lower alpha diversity in comparison to those with both no and low maltreatment exposure (Simpson Index, Tukey post hoc, <i>p</i> = 0.059 and <i>p</i> = 0.007, respectively). No significant distinctions in beta diversity were identified. High maltreatment exposure was associated with the enrichment of several genera from the class Clostridia (<i>Clostridium, Intestinibacter, Howardella</i> and <i>Butyrivibrio</i>) and the depletion of the genus <i>Phocaeicola</i> (class Bacteriodia).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Severe maltreatment exposure is associated with alterations in the gut microbiota of young children. Longitudinal trajectories of intestinal microbiota composition in the context of maltreatment may reveal important insights related to psychiatric and somatic health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8943,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Circulating Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Tumor Monitoring in Pediatric Sarcomas: Recent Advances and Future Directions.","authors":"Joaquín J Maqueda, Alessandra De Feo, Katia Scotlandi","doi":"10.3390/biom14101306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14101306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric sarcomas present a significant challenge in oncology. There is an urgent need for improved therapeutic strategies for high-risk patients and better management of long-term side effects for those who survive the disease. Liquid biopsy is emerging as a promising tool to optimize treatment in these patients by offering non-invasive, repeatable assessments of disease status. Circulating biomarkers can provide valuable insights into tumor genetics and treatment response, potentially facilitating early diagnosis and dynamic disease monitoring. This review examines the potential of liquid biopsies, focusing on circulating biomarkers in the most common pediatric sarcomas, i.e., osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. We also highlight the current research efforts and the necessary advancements required before these technologies can be widely adopted in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":8943,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caution for Multidrug Therapy: Significant Baroreflex Afferent Neuroexcitation Coordinated by Multi-Channels/Pumps Under the Threshold Concentration of Yoda1 and Dobutamine Combination.","authors":"Yin-Zhi Xu, Zhao-Yuan Xu, Hui-Xiao Fu, Mao Yue, Jia-Qun Li, Chang-Peng Cui, Di Wu, Bai-Yan Li","doi":"10.3390/biom14101311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14101311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multi-drug therapies are common in cardiovascular disease intervention; however, io channel/pump coordination has not been tested electrophysiologically. Apparently, inward currents were not elicited by Yoda1/10 nM or Dobutamine/100 nM alone in Ah-type baroreceptor neurons, but were by their combination. To verify this, electroneurography and the whole-cell patch-clamp technique were performed. The results showed that Ah- and C-volley were dramatically increased by the combination at 0.5 V and 5 V, in contrast to A-volley, as consistent with repetitive discharge elicited by step and ramp with markedly reduced current injection/stimulus intensity. Notably, a frequency-dependent action potential (AP) duration was increased with Iberiotoxin-sensitive K⁺ component. Furthermore, an increased peak in AP measured in phase plots suggested enhanced Na⁺ influx, cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ accumulation through reverse mode of Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger, and, consequently, functional KCa1.1 up-regulation. Strikingly, the Yoda1- or Dbtm-mediated small/transient Na⁺/K⁺-pump currents were robustly increased by their combination, implying a quick ion equilibration that may also be synchronized by hyperpolarization-induced voltage-sag, enabling faster repetitive firing. These novel findings demonstrate multi-channel/pump collaboration together to integrate neurotransmission at the cellular level for baroreflex, providing an afferent explanation in sexual dimorphic blood pressure regulation, and raising the caution regarding the individual drug concentration in multi-drug therapies to optimize efficacy and minimize toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8943,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Myeloperoxidase in Patient-Derived Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells-Associations with Coronary Artery Disease and Mitochondrial Function.","authors":"Weiqian Eugene Lee, Elijah Genetzakis, Giannie Barsha, Joshua Vescovi, Carmen Mifsud, Stephen T Vernon, Tung Viet Nguyen, Michael P Gray, Stuart M Grieve, Gemma A Figtree","doi":"10.3390/biom14101308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14101308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Myeloperoxidase (MPO) plays a critical role in the innate immune response and has been suggested to be a surrogate marker of oxidative stress and inflammation, with elevated levels implicated in cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and heart failure, as well as in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. While MPO is well-known in leukocytes, its expression and function in human endothelial cells remain unclear. This study investigates MPO expression in patient-derived endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) and its potential association with CAD and mitochondrial function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ECFCs were cultured from the peripheral blood of 93 BioHEART-CT patients. MPO expression and associated functions were examined using qRT-PCR, immunochemistry, flow cytometry, and MPO activity assays. CAD presence was defined using CT coronary angiography (CACS > 0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We report MPO presence in patient-derived ECFCs for the first time. MPO protein expression occurred in 70.7% of samples (<i>n</i> = 41) which had nuclear co-localisation, an atypical observation given its conventional localisation in the granules of neutrophils and monocytes. This suggests potential alternative roles for MPO in nuclear processes. MPO mRNA expression was detected in 66.23% of samples (<i>n</i> = 77). CAD patients had a lower proportion of MPO-positive ECFCs compared to non-CAD controls (57.45% vs. 80%, <i>p</i> = 0.04), a difference that persisted in the statin-naïve sub-cohort (53.85% vs. 84.62%, <i>p</i> = 0.02). Non-CAD patients with MPO expression showed upregulated mitochondrial-antioxidant genes (<i>AIFM2</i>, <i>TXNRD1</i>, <i>CAT</i>, <i>PRDX3</i>, <i>PRDX6</i>). In contrast, CAD patients with MPO gene expression had heightened mROS production and mitochondrial mass and decreased mitochondrial function compared to that of CAD patients without MPO gene expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MPO is present in the nucleus of ECFCs. In non-CAD ECFCs, MPO expression is linked to upregulated mitochondrial-antioxidant genes, whereas in CAD ECFCs, it is associated with greater mitochondrial dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":8943,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11505856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short Link N Modulates Inflammasome Activity in Intervertebral Discs Through Interaction with CD14.","authors":"Muskan Alad, Michael P Grant, Laura M Epure, Sunny Y Shih, Geraldine Merle, Hee-Jeong Im, John Antoniou, Fackson Mwale","doi":"10.3390/biom14101312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14101312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intervertebral disc degeneration and pain are associated with the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and the processing of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Activation of thehm inflammasome is triggered by Toll-like receptor stimulation and requires the cofactor receptor cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14). Short Link N (sLN), a peptide derived from link protein, has been shown to modulate inflammation and pain in discs in vitro and in vivo; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study aims to assess whether sLN modulates IL-1β and inflammasome activity through interaction with CD14. Disc cells treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with or without sLN were used to assess changes in Caspase-1, IL-1β, and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB). Peptide docking of sLN to CD14 and immunoprecipitation were performed to determine their interaction. The results indicated that sLN inhibited LPS-induced NFκB and Caspase-1 activation, reducing IL-1β maturation and secretion in disc cells. A significant decrease in inflammasome markers was observed with sLN treatment. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed a direct interaction between sLN and the LPS-binding pocket of CD14. Our results suggest that sLN could be a potential therapeutic agent for discogenic pain by mitigating IL-1β and inflammasome activity within discs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8943,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11505976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Cellular Homeostasis: Targeted Botanical Compounds Boost Cellular Health Functions in Normal and Premature Aging Fibroblasts.","authors":"Ramona Hartinger, Khushboo Singh, Jesse Leverett, Karima Djabali","doi":"10.3390/biom14101310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14101310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human skin, the body's largest organ, undergoes continuous renewal but is significantly impacted by aging, which impairs its function and leads to visible changes. This study aimed to identify botanical compounds that mimic the anti-aging effects of baricitinib, a known JAK1/2 inhibitor. Through in silico screening of a botanical compound library, 14 potential candidates were identified, and 7 were further analyzed for their effects on cellular aging. The compounds were tested on both normal aged fibroblasts and premature aging fibroblasts derived from patients with Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS). Results showed that these botanical compounds effectively inhibited the JAK/STAT pathway, reduced the levels of phosphorylated STAT1 and STAT3, and ameliorated phenotypic changes associated with cellular aging. Treatments improved cell proliferation, reduced senescence markers, and enhanced autophagy without inducing cytotoxicity. Compounds, such as Resveratrol, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Pinosylvin, Methyl P-Hydroxycinnamate, cis-Pterostilbene, and (+)-Gallocatechin, demonstrated significant improvements in both control and HGPS fibroblasts. These findings suggest that these botanical compounds have the potential to mitigate age-related cellular alterations, offering promising strategies for anti-aging therapies, particularly for skin health. Further in vivo studies are warranted to validate these results and explore their therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8943,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA Methylation as a Molecular Mechanism of Carcinogenesis in World Trade Center Dust Exposure: Insights from a Structured Literature Review.","authors":"Stephanie Tuminello, Nedim Durmus, Matija Snuderl, Yu Chen, Yongzhao Shao, Joan Reibman, Alan A Arslan, Emanuela Taioli","doi":"10.3390/biom14101302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14101302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) buildings in New York City generated a large plume of dust and smoke. WTC dust contained human carcinogens including metals, asbestos, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), persistent organic pollutants (POPs, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins), and benzene. Excess levels of many of these carcinogens have been detected in biological samples of WTC-exposed persons, for whom cancer risk is elevated. As confirmed in this structured literature review (n studies = 80), all carcinogens present in the settled WTC dust (metals, asbestos, benzene, PAHs, POPs) have previously been shown to be associated with DNA methylation dysregulation of key cancer-related genes and pathways. DNA methylation is, therefore, a likely molecular mechanism through which WTC exposures may influence the process of carcinogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8943,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future Perspective: Harnessing the Power of Artificial Intelligence in the Generation of New Peptide Drugs.","authors":"Nour Nissan, Mitchell C Allen, David Sabatino, Kyle K Biggar","doi":"10.3390/biom14101303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14101303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The expansive field of drug discovery is continually seeking innovative approaches to identify and develop novel peptide-based therapeutics. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI), there has been a transformative shift in the generation of new peptide drugs. AI offers a range of computational tools and algorithms that enables researchers to accelerate the therapeutic peptide pipeline. This review explores the current landscape of AI applications in peptide drug discovery, highlighting its potential, challenges, and ethical considerations. Additionally, it presents case studies and future prospectives that demonstrate the impact of AI on the generation of new peptide drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8943,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11505729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Cancer through Silencing the Mitochondrial Gatekeeper VDAC1.","authors":"Tasleem Arif, Anna Shteinfer-Kuzmine, Varda Shoshan-Barmatz","doi":"10.3390/biom14101304","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biom14101304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria serve as central hubs for regulating numerous cellular processes that include metabolism, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, proliferation, differentiation, epigenetics, immune signaling, and aging. The voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) functions as a crucial mitochondrial gatekeeper, controlling the flow of ions, such as Ca²⁺, nucleotides, and metabolites across the outer mitochondrial membrane, and is also integral to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. VDAC1 functions in regulating ATP production, Ca²⁺ homeostasis, and apoptosis, which are essential for maintaining mitochondrial function and overall cellular health. Most cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming, often referred to as the \"Warburg effect\", supplying tumors with energy and precursors for the biosynthesis of nucleic acids, phospholipids, fatty acids, cholesterol, and porphyrins. Given its multifunctional nature and overexpression in many cancers, VDAC1 presents an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Our research has demonstrated that silencing VDAC1 expression using specific siRNA in various tumor types leads to a metabolic rewiring of the malignant cancer phenotype. This results in a reversal of oncogenic properties that include reduced tumor growth, invasiveness, stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Additionally, VDAC1 depletion alters the tumor microenvironment by reducing angiogenesis and modifying the expression of extracellular matrix- and structure-related genes, such as collagens and glycoproteins. Furthermore, VDAC1 depletion affects several epigenetic-related enzymes and substrates, including the acetylation-related enzymes SIRT1, SIRT6, and HDAC2, which in turn modify the acetylation and methylation profiles of histone 3 and histone 4. These epigenetic changes can explain the altered expression levels of approximately 4000 genes that are associated with reversing cancer cells oncogenic properties. Given VDAC1's critical role in regulating metabolic and energy processes, targeting it offers a promising strategy for anti-cancer therapy. We also highlight the role of VDAC1 expression in various disease pathologies, including cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and viral and bacterial infections, as explored through siRNA targeting VDAC1. Thus, this review underscores the potential of targeting VDAC1 as a strategy for addressing high-energy-demand cancers. By thoroughly understanding VDAC1's diverse roles in metabolism, energy regulation, mitochondrial functions, and other cellular processes, silencing VDAC1 emerges as a novel and strategic approach to combat cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":8943,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142494463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Characterization of a Novel Insulin-like Receptor (<i>LvRTK2</i>) Involved in Regulating Growth and Glucose Metabolism of the Pacific White Shrimp <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>.","authors":"Zijian Liu, Jiawei Liu, Zijie Liu, Xiaowei Song, Su Liu, Fei Liu, Lin Song, Yi Gao","doi":"10.3390/biom14101300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14101300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The insulin receptor (IR) plays a crucial role in the growth and metabolism of animals. However, there are still many questions regarding the IR in crustaceans, particularly their role in shrimp growth and glucose metabolism. In this study, we identified a novel insulin-like receptor gene in <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> and cloned its full length of 6439 bp. This gene exhibited a highly conserved sequence and structural characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed it as an unreported RTK2-type IR, namely, <i>LvRTK2</i>. Expression pattern analysis showed that <i>LvRTK2</i> is primarily expressed in female reproductive and digestive organs. Through a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments, including glucose treatment, exogenous insulin treatment, and starvation treatment, <i>LvRTK2</i> was confirmed to be involved in the endogenous glucose metabolic pathway of shrimp under different glucose variations. Moreover, long-term and short-term interference experiments with <i>LvRTK2</i> revealed that the interference significantly reduced the shrimp growth rate and serum glucose clearance rate. Further studies indicated that <i>LvRTK2</i> may regulate shrimp growth by modulating the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and a series of glucose metabolism events, such as glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, and glycogenolysis. This report on the characteristics and functions of <i>LvRTK2</i> confirms the important role of RTK2-type IRs in regulating shrimp growth and glucose metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":8943,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}