A Scoping Review of Sarcoglycan Expression in Non-Muscle Organs: Beyond Muscles.

IF 4.8 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Biomolecules Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI:10.3390/biom15071020
Fabiana Nicita, Josè Freni, Antonio Centofanti, Angelo Favaloro, Davide Labellarte, Giuseppina Cutroneo, Michele Runci Anastasi, Giovanna Vermiglio
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This scoping review explores the expression patterns and molecular features of sarcoglycans (SGs) in non-muscle organs, challenging the long-standing assumption that their function is confined to skeletal and cardiac muscle. By analyzing evidence from both animal models and human studies, the review highlights the widespread presence of SG subunits in organs, including the nervous system, glands, adipose tissue, oral mucosa, retina, and other structures, with distinct regional and cell-type-specific patterns. Studies on the central nervous system demonstrate a widespread "spot-like" distribution of SG subunits in neurons and glial cells, implicating their involvement in synaptic organization and neurotransmission. Similarly, SGs maintain cellular integrity and homeostasis in glands and adipose tissue. At the same time, the altered expression of SGs is associated with pathological conditions in the gingival epithelium of the oral mucosa. These findings underscore the multifaceted roles of SGs beyond muscle, suggesting that they may contribute to cellular signaling, membrane stability, and neurovascular coupling. However, significant gaps remain regarding SG post-translational modifications and functional implications in non-muscle organs. Future research integrating molecular, cellular, and functional approaches in animal models and human tissues is essential to fully elucidate these roles and explore their potential as therapeutic targets in various diseases.

非肌肉器官中肌糖聚糖表达的综述:肌肉以外。
这篇综述探讨了肌聚糖(SGs)在非肌肉器官中的表达模式和分子特征,挑战了长期以来认为其功能仅限于骨骼肌和心肌的假设。通过分析动物模型和人体研究的证据,该综述强调了SG亚基在器官中的广泛存在,包括神经系统、腺体、脂肪组织、口腔黏膜、视网膜和其他结构,具有独特的区域和细胞类型特异性模式。对中枢神经系统的研究表明,SG亚基在神经元和神经胶质细胞中广泛存在“点状”分布,暗示它们参与突触组织和神经传递。同样,SGs维持腺体和脂肪组织的细胞完整性和稳态。同时,口腔黏膜牙龈上皮中SGs表达的改变与病理状况有关。这些发现强调了SGs在肌肉之外的多方面作用,表明它们可能有助于细胞信号传导、膜稳定性和神经血管耦合。然而,关于SG在非肌肉器官中的翻译后修饰和功能意义仍然存在重大差距。未来在动物模型和人体组织中整合分子、细胞和功能方法的研究对于充分阐明这些作用并探索它们作为各种疾病治疗靶点的潜力至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biomolecules
Biomolecules Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Molecular Biology
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
3.60%
发文量
1640
审稿时长
18.28 days
期刊介绍: Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal focusing on biogenic substances and their biological functions, structures, interactions with other molecules, and their microenvironment as well as biological systems. Biomolecules publishes reviews, regular research papers and short communications.  Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.
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