Madagascar conservation and development最新文献

{"title":"Towards a more adaptive co-management of natural resources – increasing social-ecological resilience in southeast Madagascar","authors":"G. Holloway, S. Short","doi":"10.4314/MCD.V9I1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Situated on the southeast coast of Madagascar, Sainte Luce is a fishing village bordering some of the country’s last remaining littoral forests. Characterised by a combination of extreme poverty, the presence of highly - prized natural resources and feeble institutional structures, it is argued that Sainte Luce typifies contexts of social and ecological vulnerability found across Madagascar. The presence of the international mining giant, Rio Tinto, and the company’s role in managing a protected area bordering Sainte Luce, adds a complex dimension to this already highly vulnerable social - ecological context. Setting the case study within the context of recent natural resource management policies in Madagascar, the paper aims to highlight the need for innovative governance structures which match the complexity and dynamism of social - ecological systems such as that of Sainte Luce. We describe the approach taken by a local/international NGO partnership, Azafady, to build social and ecological resilience through a process of participatory and adaptive environmental action planning. The approach draws on concepts from adaptive co - management, which highlights the interdependence of human and natural systems and focuses on innovative institutional arrangements, social learning and cross-scale collaboration to manage the complexity and uncertainty of such systems. We examine the ways in which this approach has contributed to increasing social and ecological resilience in Sainte Luce and consider how progress made to date can be sustained and scaled up to wider geographical areas. Resume Situe sur la cote sud - est de Madagascar, Sainte Luce est un village de pecheurs borde par quelques - unes des dernieres forets littorales du pays. Une extreme pauvrete des populations villageoises associee a des ressources naturelles prisees et des structures institutionnelles fragiles caracterisent Sainte Luce qui est ainsi analyse dans un contexte typique de vulnerabilite sociale et ecologique, rencontre ailleurs sur l’ensemble de la Grande Ile. La presence du geant international de l’exploitation miniere, Rio Tinto, et le role de cette entreprise dans la gestion d’une aire protegee limitrophe de Sainte Luce ajoute une dimension complexe a une situation socio - ecologique deja vulnerable. L’exemple de Sainte Luce aborde ici sert a souligner la necessite de considerer des structures de gestion innovantes qui repondent a la complexite et au dynamisme des systemes socio - ecologiques sous de multiples pressions exogenes et endogenes. L’etude de cas est considere dans le cadre de la recente politique environnementale de Madagascar, qui a pour objectif de promouvoir l‘implication des populations locales dans la gestion des ressources naturelles, en transmettant les droits de gestion aux groupes d’utilisateurs denommes les COBA pour Communautes de base. Cependant, l’extension des accords de co - gestion incluant des tiers, comme des societes minieres et des ONG interna","PeriodicalId":89438,"journal":{"name":"Madagascar conservation and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"36-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70566550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of conservation and development in Madagascar: time for a new paradigm?","authors":"Ivan R. Scales","doi":"10.4314/MCD.V9I1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The history of conservation policy and practice in Madagascar over the last 30 years shows that the Malagasy government, donors and non - governmental organisations (NGOs) have not been short of bold solutions, with ambitious attempts to involve local communities in resource management as well as expand protected areas. While there have been notable achievements, continued threats to the island’s flora and fauna, as well as the negative impacts that conservation policy has often had on rural livelihoods, show that there is still much to be done. So what are the lessons from the past and the challenges ahead? In this paper I provide a broad overview of recent research in the social sciences on conservation and development in Madagascar. I argue that conservation science and policy have often been based on overly simplistic understandings of human-environment interactions and sometimes even plain myths. This has contributed to a narrow policy vision, with important issues and ecosystems receiving less attention. Furthermore, conservation policy continues to be based on a highly uneven distribution of costs and benefits. In order to address these limitations, research and policy must do more to deal with differences in perceptions, priorities and power and be will­ing to embrace trade - offs between various conservation and development goals. Resume L’histoire de la politique et la pratique de la protection de la nature a Madagascar au cours des 30 dernieres annees montre que le gouvernement malgache, les donateurs, et les organisations non - gouvernementales (ONG) n’ont pas manque de grandes solutions. Cela inclut l’implication des communautes locales dans la gestion des ressources naturelles ainsi que l’expansion des aires protegees. Malgre des reussites notables, il reste beaucoup a faire car la biodiversite continue d’etre menacee et les politiques adoptees ont souvent eu des impacts negatifs sur les moyens d’existence des menages ruraux. Quelles sont les lecons a tirer du passe et les defis a relever pour le futur ? Au cours des deux dernieres annees, j’ai eu le privilege d’etre le redacteur et coordinateur d’une publication sur la ‘Conservation et la Gestion de l’Environnement a Madagascar’ (Routledge, Londres). Je me propose de resumer ici les themes, les enjeux et les debats qui ont emerge de cette publication. Mon argument principal est que la science et la politique de la conservation a Madagascar ont souvent ete basees sur une conception etroite des interactions entre l’homme et l’environnement, en particulier sur les facteurs sociaux, politiques et economiques de l’utilisation des ressources naturelles et la degradation de l’environnement. Les histoires de crise jalonnent le discours environnemental de Madagascar dans lequel dominent les problematiques. Le leitmotiv le plus commun, qui est aussi le plus problematique, porte sur l’idee que le deboisement de l’ile a ete de 90%. Ce ‘fait’ est souvent enonce dans la litterature academique et","PeriodicalId":89438,"journal":{"name":"Madagascar conservation and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"5-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70566187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Madagascar, politique forestière : Bilan 1990 – 2013 et propositions","authors":"A. Bertrand, S. Aubert, P. Montagné, A. Lohanivo, M. Razafintsalama","doi":"10.4314/MCD.V9I1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Les auteurs dressent une retrospective de la mise en oeuvre de la politique environnementale et forestiere 1990-2013 qui repose sur quatre lois, a savoir la Charte de l’environnement (loi 90-033 du 21 decembre 1990), la GELOSE (loi 96-025 du 30 septembre 1996), la loi forestiere (loi 97-017 du 8 aout 1997) et le Code des Aires protegees (loi 2001-005 du 11 fevrier 2003). Vingt ans apres l’adoption de la Nouvelle Politique Forestiere, un bilan est possible. Ces textes ont connu un debut d’application avec un bilan decevant dans un contexte surtout marque par une extension de la superficie des aires protegees. Dans le meme temps, des evolutions importantes et positives sont apparues. Avec la  decentralisation, l’.e.tat de droit s’est construit quotidiennement au niveau des communes a travers les guichets fonciers, les contrats de transferts de gestion et les experiences positives de controle forestier decentralise. Ont egalement ete realisees des experiences concluantes de valorisation economique des ressources forestieres exploitees dans le cadre des transferts de gestion : bois d’oeuvre, bois energie, raphia, huiles essentielles. Il est donc possible, en novembre 2013, d’envisager de facon realiste une relance vigoureuse de la politique forestiere en tenant compte des invariants comme les faibles effectifs de l’administration et la modicite des financements exterieurs aleatoires. Il est d’abord necessaire de  repondre aux urgences : decrets a publier et a appliquer ; mise en oeuvre  systematique des avantages economiques prevus pour les communautes de base signataires des contrats de transfert de gestion. . . . ; securisation des espaces communs sous contrats de transfert de gestion. Il faut enfin et surtout faire de la valorisation conservatoire des ressources des produits forestiers ligneux et non ligneux le moteur du developpement local. This paper presents a retrospective on the implementation of Malagasy environmental and forest policy between 1990 and 2013 on the basis of four laws, namely the Environmental Charter (Law 90-033 of 21 December 1990), GELOSE (Law 95-025 of 30 September 1996), the Forest Law (Law 97-017 of 8 August 1997) and the Protected Areas Code (Law 2001-005 of 11 February 2003). Twenty years after the adoption of the new forest policy, an assessment is possible. These texts have started to be applied but with disappointing results, primarily centered on the increase of protected area coverage. Nevertheless, important and positive changes have occurred. With decentralization, the reach of the law has increased day by day in communes through land offices, management transfer contracts, and positive experiences of decentralized forest control. Successful experiences of the economic valorization of forest resources (such as timber, fuelwood, raphia palm and essential oils), have also been gained within management transfers. It is therefore possible, in December 2013, to realistically envisage a strong revival of forest policy","PeriodicalId":89438,"journal":{"name":"Madagascar conservation and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"20-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70565746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publishing for conservation and development","authors":"C. Gardner","doi":"10.4314/MCD.V9I1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89438,"journal":{"name":"Madagascar conservation and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"3-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70565895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approche expérimentale de l’utilisation de glyphosate dans le contrôle de Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae), une espèce envahissante dans la réserve communautaire de la forêt d’Analalava-Foulpointe (Madagascar)","authors":"Cyprien Miandrimanana, Nirina Solovavy, Rajohanesa Marinjakasandrata, Chris Birkinshaw","doi":"10.4314/MCD.V9I1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Melaleuca quinquenervia , one of the most aggressive invasive species in Madagascar, gains more and more ground and colonizes wetland environments around the New Protected Area of the Analalava forest in Foulpointe. Concerns over its invasion increase and even if eradication seems already impossible, we must now find an effective solution to control its expansion towards the protected area. Only chemical control may be considered for this species, given its resilience to cutting and fire. This study aims at identifying the best protocol for the use of glyphosate in controlling the invasion of M. quinquenervia in the Analalava forest in Foulpointe. Five solutions of different concentrations of glyphosate, S1 (0 g/l), S2 (90 g/l), S3 (180 g/l), S4 (270 g/l), and S5 (360 g/l) were tested on 200 individuals, or 40 individuals for each solution. Glyphosate solutions were applied on the cut surface of the trunk of an individual using either a brush or a sprayer. The controls were done for four months by observing the status on treated individuals and the impacts of the treatment on non - target plants. Most individuals treated are dead, showing an 85 % rate mortality. Some non - target plants were affected (19 % of the surveyed ones), regardless of the concentration of active ingredient glyphosate and of the equipment used. From these experiments, the best protocol for the glyphosate use is a concentration of 90 g/l of the active ingredient applied to the cut surface of the trunk treaty using a brush. Resume Le Niaouli Melaleuca quinquenervia est une des especes envahissantes les plus agressives a Madagascar et elle gagne de plus en plus de terrain en colonisant des milieux marecageux autour de la Nouvelle Aire Protegee de la foret d’Analalava Foulpointe. L’inquietude sur son envahissement augmente, et meme si l’eradication parait d’ores et deja impossible, il convient de trouver des maintenant une solution efficace pour controler son expansion jusqu’a l’aire protegee. Seul le controle chimique peut etre envisage pour cette espece qui fait preuve d’une grande resilience face a la coupe et au feu. Cette etude vise a identifier le meilleur protocole d’utilisation de glyphosate dans le controle de l’invasion de M. quinquenervia dans la foret d’Analalava Foulpointe. Cinq solutions de glyphosate de concentrations differentes, S1 (0 g /l), S2 (90 g/l), S3 (180 g/l), S4 (270g/l) et S5 (360g/l) ont ete testees sur 200 individus, soit 40 individus pour chaque solution. Les solutions de glyphosate sur la surface coupee du tronc d’un individu ont ete appliquees soit au pinceau, soit au pulverisateur. Des suivis ont ete faits pendant quatre mois, observant l’etat des individus traites et l’impact du traitement sur les plantes ligneuses environnantes. La plupart des individus traites sont morts, presentant plus de 85% de taux de mortalite. Certaines plantes non ciblees ont ete touchees (19 % des individus recenses), quel que soit la concentration en ingredient acti","PeriodicalId":89438,"journal":{"name":"Madagascar conservation and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"49-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70566498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommandations pour une agriculture plus écologique respectant les besoins socio-économiques locaux, région du Menabe Central, côte ouest de Madagascar","authors":"Clémence Dirac Ramohavelo, J. Sorg, A. Buttler, Michael Reinhard","doi":"10.4314/MCD.V9I1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.3","url":null,"abstract":"In the Central Menabe region on the west cost of Madagascar, traditional uses of forest resources create an increasingly open landscape. The current annual rate of loss of Malagasy dense dry forest, the natural forest type of the region, is 0.7 %. Agriculture represents the principal activity of people in Central Menabe, and the main reason for the decrease in forest cover. In the cur­rent difficult socio-economical context (81.3 % of the Malagasy population lived under the poverty line in 2010), where a threat to dry forests clearly exists, it is therefore urgent to propose scientifically-sound and participatory recommendations for ecologically sustainable and socio - economically profitable agricultural use of the Central Menabe landscape. The objective of this study is to confirm the hypothesis that a more sustainable form of agriculture – promoting farmers’ permanent use of cultivated fields – would generate high value economic products, and contribute to the socio - economic and environmental needs of the region. To meet this objective, the study answers three research questions: i) What are the principal products of the villager economy? ii) what is the role of traditional agriculture in deforestation?; and, iii) what is the potential for, and the expectations of the local populations towards, more sedentary agricultural techniques? The research uses methods from both social (scoring and questionnaires) and natural sciences (inventories and measures of clearings), and was carried out in six villages representative of the Central Menabe region. Two villages mainly practiced rice cultivation, two mainly carried out slash and burn cultivation (of maize, cassava and peanut), and two practiced both slash and burn and rice cultivation. Half of the villages were situated near a national road and have thus an easy access to regional markets; the three other villages were more remote. In total 120 inhabitants were involved in 72 different scoring exercises and 288 participated in a questionnaire survey. Mann-Whitney and chi - square tests were used to test for statistical significance in observed differences. Analyses confirm that rice is the main pillar of the villager economy in the region, and that – at the village scale – this product serves a strong commercial demand which is not always satisfied. Farmers take a weak interest in the consumption of products from slash and burn cultivation (low demand), although the majority of people that cultivate maize, cassava or peanut perceive slash and burn cultivation as a source of alimentary or financial security (subsistence or sale). Given that the deforestation practice has been illegal since 1988, and the strong pressure of international biodiversity conservation organisations, the role of agriculture in deforestation is clearly a sensitive issue, almost a taboo. This study, however, confirms that nearly all slash and burn farmers (97 %) clear forest to cultivate, which exceeds the rate of clearing ","PeriodicalId":89438,"journal":{"name":"Madagascar conservation and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/MCD.V9I1.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70566207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Madagascar rich and intransparent","authors":"P. Waeber, Lucienne Wilmé","doi":"10.4314/MCD.V8I2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/MCD.V8I2.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89438,"journal":{"name":"Madagascar conservation and development","volume":"8 1","pages":"52-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/MCD.V8I2.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70566071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Étude des impacts écologiques du dynamisme spatio-temporel des habitats naturels sur la faune menacée du Complexe Zones Humides Mahavavy-Kinkony, Madagascar","authors":"Rado H. Andriamasimanana, E. Rasolomanana, Alison Cameron, J. Ratsimbazafy","doi":"10.4314/MCD.V8I2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/MCD.V8I2.7","url":null,"abstract":"This study of the Mahavavy-Kinkony Wetland Complex (MKWC) assesses the impacts of habitat change on the resident globally threatened fauna. Located in Boeny Region, northwest Madagascar, the Complex encompasses a range of habitats including freshwater lakes, rivers, marshes, mangrove forests, and deciduous forest. Spatial modelling and analysis tools were used to (i) identify the important habitats for selected, threatened fauna, (ii) assess their change from 1950 to 2005, (iii) detect the causes of change, (iv) simulate changes to 2050 and (v) evaluate the impacts of change. The approach for prioritising potential habitats for threatened species used ecological science techniques assisted by the decision support software Marxan. Nineteen species were analysed: nine birds, three primates, three fish, three bats and one reptile. Based on knowledge of local land use, supervised classification of Landsat images from 2005 was used to classify the land use of the Complex. Simulations of land use change to 2050 were carried out based on the Land Change Modeler module in Idrisi Andes with the neural network algorithm. Changes in land use at site level have occurred over time but they are not significant. However, reductions in the extent of reed marshes at Lake Kinkony and forests at Tsiombikibo and Marofandroboka directly threaten the species that depend on these habitats. Long term change monitoring is recommended for the Mahavavy Delta, in order to evaluate the predictions through time. The future change of Andohaomby forest is of great concern and conservation actions are recommended as a high priority. Abnormal physicochemical properties were detected in lake Kinkony due to erosion of the four watersheds to the south, therefore an anti-erosion management plan is required for these watersheds. Among the species of global conservation concern, Sakalava rail ( Amaurornis olivieri ), Crowned sifaka ( Propithecus coronatus ) and dambabe ( Paretroplus dambabe ) are estimated the most affected, but at the site level Decken’s sifaka ( Propithecus deckeni ) , kotsovato ( Paretroplus kieneri ) and Madagascan big-headed turtle ( Erymnochelys madagascariensis ) are also threatened. Local enforcement of national legislation on hunting means that MKWC is among the sites where the flying fox ( Pteropus rufus ) and Madagascan rousette ( Rousettus madagascariensis ) are well protected. Ecological restoration, ecological research and actions to reduce anthropogenic pressures are recommended. RESUME Cette recherche menee dans le Complexe Zones Humides Mahavavy-Kinkony a pour but d’evaluer les impacts ecologiques du changement des habitats naturels sur les especes menacees de sa faune. Des outils tels que le SIG, la teledetection ainsi que Marxan ont ete combines avec les etudes bibliographiques et les travaux de terrains pour (i) identifier les habitats naturels prioritaires pour la faune menacee du site, (ii) evaluer leur changement entre 1950 et 2005, (iii) deceler","PeriodicalId":89438,"journal":{"name":"Madagascar conservation and development","volume":"8 1","pages":"86-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/MCD.V8I2.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70565845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Madagascar's nascent locally managed marine area network","authors":"Taylor Lee Mayol","doi":"10.4314/MCD.V8I2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/MCD.V8I2.8","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2004, the creation of locally managed marine areas (LMMAs) in Madagascar has exponentially increased, highlighting the need for improved information sharing between communities and between support organizations. Until recently, however, these LMMAs operated in relative isolation, with little communication or coordination between LMMA community associations. Madagascar’s first national LMMA forum was held to address this need in June 2012 in the village of Andavadoaka, on Madagascar’s southwest coast. The forum brought together 55 community members from 18 LMMAs throughout Madagascar, representing a total of 134 villages. A principle outcome of this meeting was the formation of a national LMMA network named MIHARI, a Malagasy acronym that translates into ‘local marine resource management’. The nascent MIHARI network is an informal network that was inspired by the success of the LMMA Network in the Indo - Pacific region. MIHARI aims to facilitate peer - to - peer learning amongst coastal communities, improve communication, raise the profile and expand the use of the LMMA approach and serve as a unified lobbying platform for the interests of Madagascar’s traditional fishers. The creation of MIHARI represents a significant development towards uniting community - led approaches to conservation in Madagascar and highlights the significant role LMMAs can play in marine conservation on a national scale. This is of particular significance in Madagascar, a country with little capacity or financial resources to oversee large - scale marine conservation efforts, a problem compounded by both the vast coastline and geographical isolation of many fishing communities. Madagascar’s new LMMA network is leading the way for coastal community conservation in the western Indian Ocean and aims to serve as the basis for a wider regional LMMA network.","PeriodicalId":89438,"journal":{"name":"Madagascar conservation and development","volume":"8 1","pages":"91-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/MCD.V8I2.8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70565860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Les Sapotaceae de Madagascar, deux nouvelles espèces du genre Mimusops L.","authors":"Richard Randrianaivo","doi":"10.4314/MCD.V8I2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/MCD.V8I2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Members of the family Sapotaceae, occurring in Madagascar’s various forest types, are mostly known as nanto in local dialects; some of their cultural and social values are described here. While the circumscription of Mimusops is well - defined, the delimitation of species within the genus remains unclear and their identification is often difficult. A study of herbarium specimens assigned to this genus deposited in key herbaria, two in Madagascar (TAN and TEF) and three outside the country (G, MO and P), revealed two new species: Mimusops boeniensis Randrianaivo sp. nov. and Mimusops masoalensis Randrianaivo sp. nov. This brings the number of Mimusops species recognized in Madagascar to 16. Both of these newly recognized species are illustrated, and detailed information is provided concerning their morphology and the differences between them and other members in the genus, as well as on their ecology and distribution.","PeriodicalId":89438,"journal":{"name":"Madagascar conservation and development","volume":"8 1","pages":"69-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/MCD.V8I2.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70565722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}