ISRN oncology最新文献_第3页

Prior-cancer diagnosis in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer and the risk of prostate-cancer-specific and all-cause mortality. 男性非转移性前列腺癌的既往癌症诊断与前列腺癌特异性和全因死亡率的风险

ISRN oncology Pub Date : 2014-01-30 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/736163

Kristina Mirabeau-Beale, Ming-Hui Chen, Anthony V D'Amico

{"title":"Prior-cancer diagnosis in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer and the risk of prostate-cancer-specific and all-cause mortality.","authors":"Kristina Mirabeau-Beale, Ming-Hui Chen, Anthony V D'Amico","doi":"10.1155/2014/736163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/736163","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. We evaluated the impact a prior cancer diagnosis had on the risk of prostate-cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) and all-cause mortality (ACM) in men with PC. Methods. Using the SEER data registry, 166,104 men (median age: 66) diagnosed with PC between 2004 and 2007 comprised the study cohort. Competing risks and Cox regression were used to evaluate whether a prior cancer diagnosis impacted the risk of PCSM and ACM adjusting for known prognostic factors PSA level, age at and year of diagnosis, race, and whether PC treatment was curative, noncurative, or active surveillance (AS)/watchful waiting (WW). Results. At a median followup of 2.75 years, 12,453 men died: 3,809 (30.6%) from PC. Men with a prior cancer were followed longer, had GS 8 to 10 PC more often, and underwent WW/AS more frequently (P < 0.001). Despite these differences that should increase the risk of PCSM, the adjusted risk of PCSM was significantly decreased (AHR: 0.66 (95% CI: (0.45, 0.97); P = 0.033), while the risk of ACM was increased (AHR: 2.92 (95% CI: 2.64, 3.23); P < 0.001) in men with a prior cancer suggesting that competing risks accounted for the reduction in the risk of PCSM. Conclusion. An assessment of the impact that a prior cancer has on life expectancy is needed at the time of PC diagnosis to determine whether curative treatment for unfavorable-risk PC versus AS is appropriate. ","PeriodicalId":89399,"journal":{"name":"ISRN oncology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"736163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/736163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32179814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia: twilight of the imatinib era? 慢性髓性白血病的治疗:伊马替尼时代的黄昏?

ISRN oncology Pub Date : 2014-01-30 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/596483

Ewelina Trela, Sylwester Glowacki, Janusz Błasiak

{"title":"Therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia: twilight of the imatinib era?","authors":"Ewelina Trela, Sylwester Glowacki, Janusz Błasiak","doi":"10.1155/2014/596483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/596483","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) results from the clonal expansion of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells containing the active BCR/ABL fusion gene produced by a reciprocal translocation of the ABL1 gene to the BCR gene. The BCR/ABL protein displays a constitutive tyrosine kinase activity and confers on leukemic cells growth and proliferation advantage and resistance to apoptosis. Introduction of imatinib (IM) and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has radically improved the outcome of patients with CML and some other diseases with BCR/ABL expression. However, a fraction of CML patients presents with resistance to this drug. Regardless of clinical profits of IM, there are several drawbacks associated with its use, including lack of eradication of the malignant clone and increasing relapse rate resulting from long-term therapy, resistance, and intolerance. Second and third generations of TKIs have been developed to break IM resistance. Clinical studies revealed that the introduction of second-generation TKIs has improved the overall survival of CML patients; however, some with specific mutations such as T315I remain resistant. Second-generation TKIs may completely replace imatinib in perspective CML therapy, and addition of third-generation inhibitors may overcome resistance induced by every form of point mutations. ","PeriodicalId":89399,"journal":{"name":"ISRN oncology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"596483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/596483","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32179813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and susceptibility to prostate cancer in a colombian population. 线粒体DNA单倍群与哥伦比亚人群前列腺癌易感性

ISRN oncology Pub Date : 2014-01-28 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/530675

D Cano, C F Gomez, N Ospina, J A Cajigas, H Groot, R E Andrade, M M Torres

{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and susceptibility to prostate cancer in a colombian population.","authors":"D Cano, C F Gomez, N Ospina, J A Cajigas, H Groot, R E Andrade, M M Torres","doi":"10.1155/2014/530675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/530675","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers and the second leading cause of mortality from cancer in Colombian men. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups have been associated with the risk of PC. Several studies have demonstrated dramatic differences regarding the risk of PC among men from different ethnic backgrounds. The present study was aimed at assessing the relationship between mtDNA haplogroups and PC. The mitochondrial DNA hypervariable segment I (HSV-1) was sequenced in a population-based study covering 168 cases (CA) and 140 unrelated healthy individuals as a control group (CG). A total of 92 different mtDNA sequences were found in CA and 59 were found in the CG. According to the geographical origin attributed to each mtDNA haplogroup, 82% of the mtDNA sequences found in both groups were Native Americans (A, B, C, and D). The most frequent was A (41.1%CA-42.1%CG), followed by B (22.0%CA-21.4%CG), C (12.0%CA-11.4%CG), and D (6%CA-10.0%CG). A lower percentage of European haplogroups (U, H, K, J, M, T, and HV) were also found (13.1%CA-12.9%CG), likewise African haplogroups (L0, L1, L2, and L3) (6.5%CA-2.1%CG). There were no statistically significant differences between the distribution of mtDNA haplogroups in CA and the CG in this study. ","PeriodicalId":89399,"journal":{"name":"ISRN oncology","volume":" ","pages":"530675"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/530675","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40300052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Treatment planning methods in high dose rate interstitial brachytherapy of carcinoma cervix: a dosimetric and radiobiological analysis. 宫颈癌高剂量率间质性近距离放射治疗的治疗计划方法:剂量学和放射生物学分析。

ISRN oncology Pub Date : 2014-01-23 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/125020

Surega Anbumani, Pichandi Anchineyan, Arunainambiraj Narayanasamy, Siddanna R Palled, Sajitha Sathisan, Punitha Jayaraman, Muthu Selvi, Ramesh S Bilimagga

{"title":"Treatment planning methods in high dose rate interstitial brachytherapy of carcinoma cervix: a dosimetric and radiobiological analysis.","authors":"Surega Anbumani, Pichandi Anchineyan, Arunainambiraj Narayanasamy, Siddanna R Palled, Sajitha Sathisan, Punitha Jayaraman, Muthu Selvi, Ramesh S Bilimagga","doi":"10.1155/2014/125020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/125020","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment planning is a trial and error process that determines optimal dwell times, dose distribution, and loading pattern for high dose rate brachytherapy. Planning systems offer a number of dose calculation methods to either normalize or optimize the radiation dose. Each method has its own characteristics for achieving therapeutic dose to mitigate cancer growth without harming contiguous normal tissues. Our aim is to propose the best suited method for planning interstitial brachytherapy. 40 cervical cancer patients were randomly selected and 5 planning methods were iterated. Graphical optimization was compared with implant geometry and dose point normalization/optimization techniques using dosimetrical and radiobiological plan quality indices retrospectively. Mean tumor control probability was similar in all the methods with no statistical significance. Mean normal tissue complication probability for bladder and rectum is 0.3252 and 0.3126 (P = 0.0001), respectively, in graphical optimized plans compared to other methods. There was no significant correlation found between Conformity Index and tumor control probability when the plans were ranked according to Pearson product moment method (r = -0.120). Graphical optimization can result in maximum sparing of normal tissues. ","PeriodicalId":89399,"journal":{"name":"ISRN oncology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"125020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/125020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32168283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Use of flattening filter-free photon beams in treating medulloblastoma: a dosimetric evaluation. 使用无滤光片的平坦光子束治疗成神经管细胞瘤:剂量学评价。

ISRN oncology Pub Date : 2014-01-21 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/769698

Pichandi Anchineyan, Ganesh K Mani, Jerrin Amalraj, Balaji Karthik, Surega Anbumani

{"title":"Use of flattening filter-free photon beams in treating medulloblastoma: a dosimetric evaluation.","authors":"Pichandi Anchineyan, Ganesh K Mani, Jerrin Amalraj, Balaji Karthik, Surega Anbumani","doi":"10.1155/2014/769698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/769698","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To evaluate the dosimetric benefits of flattening filter-free (FFF) photon beams in intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and Rapid Arc (RA) over conventional CSI methods. Methods and Materials. Five patients treated with IMRT using static multileaf collimators (MLC) were randomly selected for this retrospective study. Dynamic MLC IMRT, RA, and conformal therapy (3DCRT) were iterated with the same CT data sets with and without flattening filter photons. Total dose prescribed was 28.80 Gy in 16 fractions. Dosimetric parameters such as D max⁡, D min⁡, D mean, V 95%, V 107%, DHI, and CI for PTV and D max⁡, D mean, V 80%, V 50%, V 30%, and V 10% for OARs were extracted from DVHs. Beam on time (BOT) for various plans was also compared. Results. FFF RA therapy (6F_RA) resulted in highly homogeneous and conformal doses throughout the craniospinal axis. 3DCRT resulted in the highest V 107% (SD) 46.97 ± 28.6, whereas flattening filter (FF) and FFF dynamic IMRT had a minimum V 107%. 6F_RA and 6F_DMLC resulted in lesser doses to thyroid, eyes, esophagus, liver, lungs, and kidneys. Conclusion. FFF IMRT and FFF RA for CSI have definite dosimetric advantages over 3DCRT technique in terms of target coverage and OAR sparing. Use of FFF in IMRT resulted in 50% reduction in BOT, thereby increasing the treatment efficiency. ","PeriodicalId":89399,"journal":{"name":"ISRN oncology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"769698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/769698","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32163138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Primary synovial sarcomas of the mediastinum: a systematic review and pooled analysis of the published literature. 纵隔原发滑膜肉瘤:对已发表文献的系统回顾和汇总分析。

ISRN oncology Pub Date : 2014-01-20 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/412527

Samer Salah, Ahmed Salem

{"title":"Primary synovial sarcomas of the mediastinum: a systematic review and pooled analysis of the published literature.","authors":"Samer Salah, Ahmed Salem","doi":"10.1155/2014/412527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/412527","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The aim of this systematic review is to attempt to provide a descriptive analysis for cases of synovial sarcoma (SS) arising in the mediastinum and to analyze prognostic factors. Methods. We performed PubMed database search in July 2013. Twenty-two studies, which included 40 patients, form the basis of this review. Demographic and disease-related factors were analyzed for possible influence on survival. Findings were compared with extremity SS studies reported in literature. Results. Sixteen cases (40%) presented with locally advanced unresectable disease, 2 (5%) with metastatic disease, and 22 (55%) with localized resectable disease. Median tumor size was 11 cm (range: 5-20 cm). Thirty patients were assessable for survival and had a 5-year OS of 36%. Completeness of resection was the only factor associated with significant improvement in OS (5-year survival of 63% and 0% in favor of complete resection, P = 0.003). Conclusion. Mediastinal SS is associated with poor prognosis as more cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage and with larger tumor size compared to extremity SS. Complete surgical resection is the only identified factor associated with better prognosis and may result in survival outcomes that are comparable with those for localized SS of the extremity. ","PeriodicalId":89399,"journal":{"name":"ISRN oncology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"412527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/412527","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32148442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

Esophageal Cancer, the Topmost Cancer at MTRH in the Rift Valley, Kenya, and Its Potential Risk Factors. 食管癌是肯尼亚大裂谷MTRH最主要的癌症，及其潜在的危险因素。

ISRN oncology Pub Date : 2013-12-29 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/503249

Kirtika Patel, Johnston Wakhisi, Simeon Mining, Ann Mwangi, Radheka Patel

{"title":"Esophageal Cancer, the Topmost Cancer at MTRH in the Rift Valley, Kenya, and Its Potential Risk Factors.","authors":"Kirtika Patel, Johnston Wakhisi, Simeon Mining, Ann Mwangi, Radheka Patel","doi":"10.1155/2013/503249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/503249","url":null,"abstract":"Esophageal cancer at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH) is the leading cancer in men with a poor prognosis. A case control study (n = 159) aimed at the histology type, gender, and risk indicators was carried out at MTRH. Mantel Haenszel chi-square and logistic regression were employed for analysis. Squamous-cell carcinoma was the common histological type occurring in the middle third portion of the oesophagus. The occurrence of the cancer in males was 1.4 times that of females. The mean age was 56.1 yrs. Low socioeconomic, smoking, snuff use, alcohol, tooth loss, cooking with charcoal and firewood, hot beverage, and use of mursik were independently associated with esophageal cancer (P < 0.05). Using logistic regression adjusted for various factors, alcohol consumption was associated with the increased risk of esophageal cancer. AHR was 0.45 and 95% CI: 0.205-0.985, P = 0.046. A societal component of low socioeconomic conditions, a lifestyle component with specific practices such as the consumption of mursik, chang'aa, busaa, snuff, smoking, hot tea, poor oral hygiene, and an environmental component with potential exposure to high levels of nitrosamines, passive smoking, and cooking with coal, could be involved. The increase in experts at MTRH capable of diagnosing could be responsible for the increase in reporting this neoplasm. ","PeriodicalId":89399,"journal":{"name":"ISRN oncology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"503249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/503249","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32083860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 79

Radiobiological framework for the evaluation of stereotactic radiosurgery plans for invasive brain tumours. 侵袭性脑肿瘤立体定向放射手术计划评估的放射生物学框架。

ISRN oncology Pub Date : 2013-12-29 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/527251

Helena Sandström, Alexandru Dasu, Iuliana Toma-Dasu

{"title":"Radiobiological framework for the evaluation of stereotactic radiosurgery plans for invasive brain tumours.","authors":"Helena Sandström, Alexandru Dasu, Iuliana Toma-Dasu","doi":"10.1155/2013/527251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/527251","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a radiobiological formalism for the evaluation of the treatment plans with respect to the probability of controlling tumours treated with stereotactic radiosurgery accounting for possible infiltrations of malignant cells beyond the margins of the delineated target. Treatments plans devised for three anaplastic astrocytoma cases were assumed for this study representing cases with different difficulties for target coverage. Several scenarios were considered regarding the infiltration patterns. Tumour response was described in terms of tumour control probability (TCP) assuming a Poisson model taking into account the initial number of clonogenic cells and the cell survival. The results showed the strong impact of the pattern of infiltration of tumour clonogens outside the delineated target on the outcome of the treatment. The treatment plan has to take into account the existence of the possible microscopic disease around the visible lesion; otherwise the high gradients around the target effectively prevent the sterilisation of the microscopic spread leading to low probability of control, in spite of the high dose delivered to the target. From this perspective, the proposed framework offers a further criterion for the evaluation of stereotactic radiosurgery plans taking into account the possible infiltration of tumour cells around the visible target. ","PeriodicalId":89399,"journal":{"name":"ISRN oncology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"527251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/527251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32083861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Increased Resistance of Breast, Prostate, and Embryonic Carcinoma Cells against Herpes Simplex Virus in Three-Dimensional Cultures. 三维培养中乳腺、前列腺和胚胎癌细胞对单纯疱疹病毒的抵抗力增强

ISRN oncology Pub Date : 2013-12-22 DOI: 10.1155/2013/104913

Andras Voros, Bernadett Kormos, Tibor Valyi-Nagy, Klara Valyi-Nagy

引用次数: 12

Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Patients with Hereditary Cancer Risk within the United States. 美国境内遗传性癌症风险患者的识别、评估和治疗。

ISRN oncology Pub Date : 2013-12-22 DOI: 10.1155/2013/260847

Deborah Cragun, Tuya Pal

{"title":"Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Patients with Hereditary Cancer Risk within the United States.","authors":"Deborah Cragun, Tuya Pal","doi":"10.1155/2013/260847","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2013/260847","url":null,"abstract":"Recognizing the importance of identifying patients at high risk for inherited cancer predisposition, the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has outlined specific family history patterns associated with an increased risk for BRCA mutations. However, national data indicate a need to facilitate the ability of primary care providers to appropriately identify high risk patients. Once a patient is identified as high risk, it is necessary for the patient to undergo a detailed genetics evaluation to generate a differential diagnosis, determine a cost-effective genetic testing strategy, and interpret results of testing. With identification of inherited predisposition, risk management strategies in line with national guidelines can be implemented to improve patient outcomes through cancer risk reduction and early detection. As use of genetic testing increasingly impacts patient outcomes, the role of primary care providers in the identification and care of individuals at high risk for hereditary cancer becomes even more important. Nevertheless it should be acknowledged that primary care providers face many competing demands and challenges to identify high risk patients. Therefore initiatives which promote multidisciplinary and coordinated care, potentially through academic-community partnerships, may provide an opportunity to enhance care of these patients. ","PeriodicalId":89399,"journal":{"name":"ISRN oncology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"260847"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3884954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32055542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0