Biotechnology Letters最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of radical scavenging and antibacterial potency of leaf extracts from indigenous species of Cinnamomum tamala and Ocimum sanctum.","authors":"Vivaksha N Patel, Haresh K Dave, Pragnesh Dave, Kaushik Nath","doi":"10.1007/s10529-026-03777-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-026-03777-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracts from two native species, Cinnamomum tamala (C. tamala) and Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum), were analyzed for their antioxidant and antibacterial abilities. The radical scavenging activities of the C. tamala and O. sanctum extracts were noted to be more pronounced in a 50-50% water-ethanol mixture than in pure water. The total phenolic content increased from 38.83 to 124.42 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry material for C. tamala, and from 62.91 to 145.52 mg for O. sanctum when comparing pure water to the water-ethanol blend. The water-ethanolic extract of C. tamala demonstrated a higher reducing power than O. sanctum, while the water extract of O. sanctum exhibited better reducing activity in comparison to C. tamala. Both C. tamala and O. sanctum extracts proved effective against gram-positive and gram-negative strains, clearly illustrating their distinct antibacterial characteristics. The chromatograms from the GC-MS analysis of C. tamala and O. sanctum extracts revealed the presence of active bio-ingredients in both.</p>","PeriodicalId":8929,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Letters","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of bovine β-globin in the mRNA constructs translates different types of antigenic proteins.","authors":"Basavaraj Sajjanar, Shreya Gopinath, Prasanth Nadarajan, Vishnu Kiran Marreddy, Narayanan Krishnaswamy, Viswas K Nagaleekar, Madhusudan Hosamani, B P Sreenivasa, Pallab Chaudhuri, Suresh H Basagoudanavar","doi":"10.1007/s10529-026-03778-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-026-03778-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) is emerging as next generation vaccine platform. As natural 5'UTRs of particular genes do not work for other than its own mRNA, it is essential to identify an ideal 5'UTR supporting higher translation efficiency for different antigens. Six natural 5'UTRs derived from α, β-globin genes of host animals and other viral genes were cloned upstream to the coding sequences of reporter proteins. The corresponding capped mRNA were produced through in vitro transcription and the translation efficiency was assessed using flow cytometry, bioluminescence, immunofluorescence and western blot experiments. The results revealed higher translation of reporter proteins by bovine β-globin 5'UTR in different cell lines. Further, the chosen 5'UTR supported mRNA translation to produce different antigenic proteins such as rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG), major structural protein of foot and mouth disease virus (VP1) and bacterial epsilon toxoid protein (Eptx). Bovine -globin 5'UTR not only increased the translation efficiency of reporter proteins but also supported the expression of different antigenic proteins. Hence, bovine -globin 5'UTR can be used in the mRNA vaccine designs against animal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8929,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Letters","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal consortium-driven valorization of agro-waste for sustainable co-production of industrial enzymes through integrated statistical bioprocess modelling.","authors":"Roheena Abdullah, Mariam Saeed, Hira Butt, Afshan Kaleem, Mahwish Aftab, Mehwish Iqtedar","doi":"10.1007/s10529-026-03775-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-026-03775-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing accumulation of agro-industrial residues poses environmental challenges but also offers opportunities for sustainable biotechnological valorization. This study presents an integrated microbial bioprocess to transform agro waste into valuable industrial enzymes using a fungal consortium under solid-state fermentation (SSF). Two compatible fungal strains, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger, were selected for their high enzymatic potential and identified through morphological and molecular approaches. The consortium achieved maximal co-production of α-amylase and cellulase after 48 h, with alkaline-treated substrates. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed notable structural alterations in the substrates after alkali treatment. Among all substrates tested, alkali-pretreated potato peel showed the greatest potential for α-amylase and cellulase co-production. To further enhance process efficiency, statistical bioprocess modeling using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed. Plackett-Burman Design (PBD) screening highlighted pH, inoculum size, and inoculum age as critical factors, which were optimized via Central Composite Design (CCD). The optimized conditions-pH 5.5, inoculum age 4 days, and inoculum size of 3 mL resulted in markedly improved α-amylase and cellulase co-production. Nutritional optimization demonstrated that balanced supplementation with maltose, ammonium nitrate, peptone, and Tween 80 further enhanced synthesis. The statistical models exhibited strong predictive capability with high coefficients of determination, confirming bioprocess reliability. Overall, this study introduces a novel strategy integrating fungal consortium-mediated co-production of α-amylase and cellulase with advanced statistical modeling for efficient agro-waste valorization. The developed platform provides an eco-friendly approach to convert agricultural residues into industrially valuable enzymes, promoting sustainable waste management and advancing circular bioeconomy initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":8929,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Letters","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Cupriavidus necator for L-threonine production.","authors":"Shuang Sha, Yanjun Li, Xiaowei Peng","doi":"10.1007/s10529-026-03776-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-026-03776-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>L-threonine plays pivotal roles in the medicine, food, and feed industries. In this work, C. necator H16 was engineered for heterotrophic and autotrophic production of L-threonine. Blocking poly-hydroxybutyrate biosynthesis redirected the carbon flux toward L-threonine, resulting in a 6.8-fold increase in L-threonine titer relative to the wild type (from 5.56 mg/L to 38.03 mg/L). Deletion of genes involved in L-threonine catabolism further minimized L-threonine loss. Moreover, strategies including sufficient precursor supply, screening of key enzymes, relief of feedback inhibition, and efficient efflux of target products were adopted for strain modification. Overexpression of key genes in the L-threonine biosynthetic pathway successfully channeled carbon flow toward L-threonine synthesis, with peak titer reaching 102.90 mg/L. Finally, in fermenter cultivation, the maximum L-threonine titer of the best L-threonine-producing strains reached 315.40 mg/L. In autotrophic fermentation the L-threonine titer was 76.26 mg/L using CO₂ as carbon source. This work provides a new way for CO₂ bioconversion to L-threonine.</p>","PeriodicalId":8929,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Letters","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethephon elicitation enhances biomass accumulation and phycobiliprotein production in Arthrospira platensis.","authors":"Mahnaz Hadizadeh, Ali Sheykhinejad","doi":"10.1007/s10529-026-03774-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-026-03774-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identifying factors that enhance phycobiliprotein production in photosynthetic microorganisms is important for improving pigment yields and quality, thereby supporting their cost-effective exploitation in food, pharmaceutical, and biotechnological applications. This study investigated the influence of ethephon on the growth and phycobiliprotein production of Arthrospira platensis. Arthrospira platensis was cultivated for 21 days under different ethephon concentrations to evaluate its effects on biomass, total soluble protein, and phycobiliproteins, including phycocyanin (PC), allophycocyanin (APC), and phycoerythrin (PE). Samples were collected on days 7, 14, and 21, and pigment content, volumetric production, and purity index were assessed. The results demonstrated a clear concentration-dependent response. Low ethephon concentrations (0.005-0.05 mg/L) significantly enhanced biomass accumulation, protein synthesis, and phycobiliprotein production compared with the control, whereas higher concentrations (0.10 and 0.15 mg/L) exerted inhibitory effects. The highest biomass accumulation was obtained on day 21 at 0.01 mg/L, reaching approximately 2.6 g/L. Total soluble protein peaked on day 7 at 0.05 mg/L, reaching 695 ± 12 mg/g DW. The most pronounced stimulation of phycobiliproteins was observed on day 7 at 0.005 mg/L, where PC, APC, and PE reached 269.3 ± 13.8, 199.6 ± 4.1, and 77.3 ± 3.5 mg/g DW, respectively, corresponding to 1.6-1.7-fold increases over the control. The same treatment also produced the highest purity indices for PC (0.99 ± 0.05), APC (0.89 ± 0.03), and PE (0.43 ± 0.02). These findings suggest that low-dose ethephon elicitation may be a simple strategy to enhance phycobiliprotein accumulation in Arthrospira platensis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8929,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Letters","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NUDX gene family identification and its potential role in carotenoid biosynthesis of carrot.","authors":"Shan-Shan Tan, Zheng-Tai Liu, Yi-Xin Zhang, Jian-Hua Zhou, Ya-Hui Wang, Zhi-Sheng Xu, Ai-Sheng Xiong","doi":"10.1007/s10529-026-03773-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-026-03773-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carrot is an important root vegetable crop for its richness in carotenoids and other nutrients. The presence of terpenoids gives carrot a unique flavor and texture. Nudix hydrolases (NUDX) are widely present in living organisms. In plants, the NUDX members were involved in carotenoid biosynthesis, terpenoid metabolism, and plant immune responses. Till now, the little-known function of NUDX members in carrot. In this study, 33 carrot DcNUDX genes were identified and categorized into 9 subgroups based on the preferred substrates. The occurrence of tandem duplication and segmental duplication events facilitated the evolution and expansion of the DcNUDX family. Tertiary structure prediction showed that proteins with close evolutionary relationships had similar tertiary structures. Promoter element analysis of DcNUDX genes revealed their potential regulation by MYB or MYC transcription factors and responsiveness to plant hormones. Transcriptome data revealed that DcNUDX genes exhibited diverse transcript abundance during carrot taproot development. The expression patterns of the carrot homologs of Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplast-localized NUDX genes were detected in different colored carrot taproots. Combined with the prokaryotic expression system in E. coli, DcNUDX14, DcNUDX19a, and DcNUDX23 were preliminarily speculated to potentially influence carotenoid accumulation. This result facilitates further study of the specific functions of NUDX members in carrot.</p>","PeriodicalId":8929,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Letters","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of N-terminal cleavage and splicing in mini-Ter DnaE-3 intein by E23G and R50Q mutations.","authors":"Xuhan Wei, Ying Lin","doi":"10.1007/s10529-026-03772-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-026-03772-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a member of the DnaE intein family, Ter DnaE-3 (TE3) is limited by a relatively low splicing rate, significant undesired N-terminal cleavage reactions, and dependence on native exteins.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Building on eight previously identified mutation sites from directed evolution, we employed site-directed mutagenesis to systematically investigate how these residues regulate wild-type mini-TE3 splicing and cleavage activities across various expression systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the pKH kanamycin resistance system, the E23G mutation reduces N-cleavage propensity, which may be attributed to reduced steric hindrance and enhanced structural flexibility. Conversely, in both pKH and pMST systems, the R50Q mutation increases the accumulation of N-terminal cleavage products, suggesting that intein catalysis may be influenced by a distributed regulatory network rather than by isolated residues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that the catalytic behavior of TE3 is governed not only by conserved catalytic cores and adjacent extein sequences but also by distal residues that modulate the intein structure. The discovery that R50Q enhances N-terminal cleavage provides a valuable tool for future protein engineering, particularly for optimizing intein-based protein purification and expressed protein ligation (EPL) technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8929,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Letters","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated KOH-SDS-microwave pretreatment for enhanced delignification of agro-waste biomass for second-generation biorefinery applications.","authors":"Ayush Saxena, Mariyam, Mohammad Zeeshan Quraishi, Akhtar Hussain, Fouziya Parveen, Motrih Al-Mutiry, Nawaf Alshamamri, Mamdouh Alshammari, Nortoji A Khujamshukurov, Mohammad Ashfaque","doi":"10.1007/s10529-026-03771-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10529-026-03771-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lignocellulose biomass is the most abundant renewable feedstock on Earth, composed of polymers (both sugar and aromatic) and thus a highly sustainable resource for developing value-added products. The naturally present biomass is highly complex and tough due to the formation of a lignin-carbohydrate matrix, making it more recalcitrant. Therefore, a pretreatment is necessary to remove lignin and enhance the enzyme accessibility. Depending on the type of biomass, a specific pretreatment approach was selected. It is well known that combining two or more different pretreatment strategies effectively reduces complexity. In the present study, an integrated approach was used in which 1% KOH and 0.5% SDS, along with different microwave power levels (100W to 450W), were combined to pretreat Pisum sativum pods and Eichhornia crassipes agro-waste for effective delignification. The characterization study resulted in delignification up to ≈ 93% in WH and ≈ 97% in PP at a power level of 450W. Although XRD, FTIR, and FE-SEM results showed an increased crystallinity index, consistent cellulose peaks, and increased cracks and a rougher surface in both biomass samples with increasing power levels, suggesting the effectiveness of the pretreatment. The cellulose component recovery in WH ranged from 98.80 to 79.25% (w/w), and in PP, it ranged from 95.02 to 56.08% (w/w), and both were correlated with estimates of total reducing sugars released in the slurry. Overall, this study demonstrates an integrated physicochemical approach, establishing a highly efficient and reproducible pretreatment route for removing amorphous regions from a variety of biomasses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8929,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Letters","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in recombinant protein bioprocessing: integrating technological innovation and environmental sustainability.","authors":"Milena de Freitas Trindade Mota, Luis Gustavo Carvalho Pacheco, Cesar Augusto Piedrahita Aguirre, Elaine Christine de Magalhães Cabral Albuquerque","doi":"10.1007/s10529-026-03750-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10529-026-03750-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to provide an integrated assessment of recombinant protein bioprocessing by combining technological maturity frameworks (TRL/BRL) with environmental sustainability indicators. A structured literature-based analysis was conducted, covering recent advances in bioprocess engineering, including precision fermentation, artificial intelligence-assisted control, and sustainability assessment tools such as life cycle analysis (LCA) and process mass intensity (PMI). Recombinant protein production using microbial systems, such as Escherichia coli, demonstrates high scalability and cost-efficiency, with reported emissions significantly lower than those of conventional pharmaceutical synthesis (≈ 20 vs 351 kg CO₂ eq/kg product). However, critical gaps persist between laboratory-scale innovation and industrial implementation, particularly in emerging economies. The integration of digital tools, including AI and digital twins, shows strong potential to improve process optimization and scale-up success rates. Bridging the gap between technological development and industrial deployment requires integrating process design, sustainability metrics, and readiness frameworks. Targeted innovation strategies are essential to accelerate biopharmaceutical development and enhance global health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8929,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Letters","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13469212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148724086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of acetaminophen on the growth kinetics and metabolite production of probiotic lactic acid bacteria.","authors":"Abel Gutierrez-Vilchis, Yocanxóchitl Perfecto-Avalos, Andrea Navarro-Torres, Celia Gonzalez-Castillo, Juan Armendariz-Borunda, Alejandro Garcia-Gonzalez","doi":"10.1007/s10529-026-03765-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10529-026-03765-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial interactions within the human gut microbiota are dynamic and closely linked to host health. These interactions are time-dependent and can be modulated by probiotic bacteria through metabolite production, environmental modification such as pH changes, and niche occupation. However, commonly used human-targeted drugs may alter these microbial dynamics. This study evaluated the effect of acetaminophen, a widely used over-the-counter drug, on the growth dynamics of a probiotic lactic acid bacterium within synthetic gut microbiota communities. The growth of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis was analyzed in monoculture and in co-culture with the commensal species Clostridium butyricum using 2 mL batch microbioreactors. Biomass accumulation was monitored until stationary phase, while acetaminophen and lactic acid concentrations were quantified by LC-MS. Growth kinetics were characterized using four parameters: carrying capacity, biomass accumulation (AUC), maximum growth rate ( <math><msub><mi>μ</mi> <mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow> </msub> </math> ), and lag phase duration, which were estimated via regression analysis that coupled the 4Z Gompertz model and the exponential growth model. Co-cultures exhibited greater biomass accumulation and higher carrying capacity than monocultures, indicating mutualism between the species. A minimum effective concentration assay identified 66.1 mM acetaminophen as the concentration for subsequent experiments. Acetaminophen negatively affected all biomass-related kinetic parameters of L. lactis in mono- and co-culture, whereas C. butyricum growth remained unaffected in monoculture. LC-MS analysis suggested drug internalization without metabolic degradation. Lactic acid production reached a saturation concentration of 17.8 mM, indicating that metabolite-related probiotic activity may remain stable despite reduced biomass.</p>","PeriodicalId":8929,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Letters","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13461652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}