Biological Trace Element Research最新文献

{"title":"Low Selenium Diet Inhibited CaMKII Activation via miR-365-3p/SelT Signaling Axis, Resulting in Myoblast Differentiation Disorders and Skeletal Muscle Damage in Broilers.","authors":"Hao Wu, Xu Shi, Naixi Yang, Shiwen Xu","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04568-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04568-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium (Se) mainly functions in the form of selenoproteins. Low Se diet causes skeletal muscle injury and expression changes in miRNA and selenoprotein. Selenoprotein T (SelT) is reported to be a key molecule in Ca²⁺/CaMKII signaling. But the role of SelT/Ca²⁺/CaMKII signals in low Se diet induced skeletal muscle damage of broilers and their underlying mechanisms remain poorly investigated. Here, we randomly divided 40 1-day-old Ross 308 male broilers into two groups, feeding them either a low-selenium diet or a normal diet for 42 days, to establish control and selenium-deficient broiler models. In vitro, we established chicken embryo models, and cultured chicken primary myoblasts. We showed that Se deficiency resulted in skeletal muscle damage and atrophy in broilers, and the protein level of SelT was decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Mechanistically, myotube formation depended on SelT-mediated p-CaMKII upregulation. The absence of SelT suppressed CaMKII activation and impaired myotube development by decreasing the ER-Ca²⁺ content (p < 0.05). On the contrary, overexpressing SelT by pCDNA-SelT transfection induced robust myotube growth, manifested by a marked increase of MHC abundance, yet KN-93 treatment could block this process (p < 0.05). In addition, in this work, we first identified miR-365-3p, a microRNA which targets SelT mRNA to inhibit myoblast differentiation by disrupting Ca²⁺ homeostasis (p < 0.05). In summary, our findings revealed that SelT deletion-mediated Ca²⁺ level downregulation caused by low Se diet hindered myoblast differentiation and myotube formation through suppressing CaMKII activation. Our study provides an attractive target for the cultivated meat industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5343-5358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of Ferroptosis in Cadmium Toxicity.","authors":"Xinyu Zhang, Zeao Hua, Zhi Lu, Bo Wang, Peilin Wang, Shanshan Zhang, Xu Yang, Cong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04832-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-025-04832-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cadmium (Cd), a ubiquitous heavy metal pollutant with significant environmental persistence and bioaccumulative potential, poses a severe threat to human health and ecological safety. As a widely recognized endocrine disruptor, Cd has attracted sustained research attention in environmental and public health domains due to its multifaceted toxicity. Recent advances in regulated cell death mechanisms have revealed ferroptosis is a distinct form of cell death (apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and pyroptosis) characterized by iron overload and lipid peroxidation. A novel insight highlighted in this review is the direct linkage between Cd toxicity and ferroptosis, which provides a new perspective for understanding the toxic mechanism of Cd. This review systematically synthesizes emerging evidences on Cd-induced ferroptosis. Cd triggers ferroptosis by impairing mitochondrial structure and function, disrupting iron metabolism, promoting lipid peroxidation, and suppressing antioxidant systems. Notably, therapeutic interventions using selenium and melatonin have protective effect on Cd-induced ferroptosis by modulating iron metabolism, enhancing ROS scavenging capacity, and restoring redox balance. Future research priorities should focus on elucidating key molecular events in Cd-induced iron dysregulation. This review underscores the translational potential of targeting ferroptosis in Cd toxicity mitigation strategies, offering a mechanistic framework for environmental intervention and therapeutic innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Trace Elements of Wild and Cultured Asian Sea Bass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790) in Bangladesh and Their Inferences on Human Health.","authors":"Kaosher Ali, Sudipta Kumar Nag, Kanij Rukshana Sumi","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04565-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04565-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fish living in natural and aquaculture environments may be easily contaminated by toxic trace elements owing to diverse anthropogenic activities relating to different geographical areas. This study measured the concentration of trace elements (Cr, Pb, Cd, Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, As, and Hg) in the gills, liver, and muscles of wild and cultured Asian sea bass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790) collected from Patuakhali and Khulna regions in Bangladesh, respectively. Samples were collected in the summer and analyzed by using the atomic absorption spectrometer. The mean concentration of trace elements (mg kg^-1) was as follows: Fe (6.908) > Zn (1.467) > Cu (0.397) > Mn (0.338) > Cr (0.151) > Cd (0.003) and Fe (6.291) > Zn (1.243) > Pb (0.494) > Cu (0.205) > Cr (0.117) > Cd (0.005) in wild and cultured Asian sea bass, respectively. Moreover, As and Hg concentrations were below the detection limit. The mean concentration of Cr and Cu was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in wild Asian sea bass than in cultured Asian sea bass, respectively. The concentrations of trace elements in wild and cultured Asian sea bass did not exceed the maximum permissible limits, except Cr and Pb. The estimated daily intake (EDI) values for all the concerned trace elements except Pb (0.478 mg/day) were lower than the recommended daily allowance (RDA) values. The human health risk assessed by Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Hazard Index (HI), and Carcinogenic Risk (CR) ensured that eating Asian sea bass would not create any possible threat to people inhabiting the Patuakhali and Khulna regions. Therefore, the Asian sea bass from these two commercial regions may be safe for human health. Further study is advisable to determine trace element concentrations in Asian sea bass by applying artificial diets in culture systems and concentrations of trace elements in sediments and water from both environments before making any recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5370-5382"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-Dose Crossover Iodine Balance Study: Iodine Requirements for Toddlers in China.","authors":"Yan Song, Ying Zhang, Haohao Meng, Jie Liu, Wenwen Gu, Xiru Wang, Zhongna Sang","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04573-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04573-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a possibility that the iodine requirement for toddlers currently used in China is underestimated. This study aimed to conduct an iodine balance study in Chinese toddlers. We used a two-dose crossover experimental design, relying on the local iodine concentration in drinking water, and adjusting the iodine intake level by adjusting the toddlers' daily consumption of local drinking water. We measured daily iodine intake, excretion, and retention in toddlers and used linear mixed-effects models were used to fit the relationship between total iodine intake and iodine retention. This study involved 26 toddlers aged 2-3 years. Based on the daily total iodine intake and iodine balance values of the toddlers, a mixed effects model was applied to fit the regression curve, and the regression equation was obtained: y = 0.214x - 16.68, from which the EAR and RNI levels of the toddlers were calculated to be approximately 80 µg/day, and 110 µg/day, respectively. In our study, we expected the reference values for daily iodine EAR and RNI levels in toddlers with their current iodine nutrition status to be about 80 µg/day and 110 µg/day, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5096-5107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron as a Modifiable Factor for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Refining and Understanding Causal Estimates Using Mendelian Randomization.","authors":"Yuhang Wu, Linbin He, Chu Liu, Fan Xia, Ziye Li, Lizhang Chen, Tingting Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04576-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04576-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many observational studies have explored the correlation between iron and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). However, existing findings yield inconsistent conclusions, and the causal relationship is unclear. This study is aimed at determining the causal connection between iron status and APOs. A two-sample Mendelian randomization study was conducted utilizing summary data of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Data for iron status were collected from a GWAS meta-analysis, and data for APOs were obtained from the FinnGen database. The exposure-outcome relationship was explored by employing inverse variance weighting (IVW) with a range of supplementary methods. Additional sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the robustness of the results. The results suggested that increased serum iron was significantly associated with an increased risk of pregnancy hypertension (odds ratio (OR) 1.20, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.05-1.38), pre-eclampsia (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03-1.47), and pre-eclampsia or eclampsia (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.08-1.53). The level of transferrin saturation was inversely linked with gestational diabetes (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.83-0.99) and placenta praevia (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.61-0.99). Furthermore, genetically predicted total iron binding capacity may augment the risk of spontaneous abortion (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06-1.23), ectopic pregnancy (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.35), and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.02-1.90). The study identified the causal link between iron status and APOs, offering new insights to the clinical research on iron status-related pregnancy outcomes. Further studies are required to elucidate the role of iron status in the underlying mechanisms of APOs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5127-5136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological Alterations Induced by Subacute Exposure of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles in Aged Rats: Behavioral, Biochemical, Molecular, and Histopathological Evidence.","authors":"Khadija Boukholda, Awatef Elwej, Mohamed Abdelkodous, Rahma Ammar, Sabrine Ben Slimen, Bernd L Fiebich, Michèle Bouchard, Hamadi Fetoui, Yassine Chtourou","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04562-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04562-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, evidence has pointed out that metal-based nanomaterials may have potentially harmful outcomes in the development of such diseases related to neurodegenerative disorders, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Among them, cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4-NPs), nano metal-oxides, are widely used in several areas such as industries and as wastewater treatment. Although Co3O4-NPs have a large scale in biological and industrial applications, there is a growing concern to their toxic effect on human health and the environment due to their reduced size and high reactivity, both chemically and biologically. The present work investigated the potential toxic outcomes of cobalt nanoparticles on cognitive performance in aged rats, focusing on the mechanisms involved in the oxidative stress and inflammation-related process. In our study, aged (18-month-old) Wistar male rats were used to study the harmful effects of subacute cobalt nanoparticles (Co3O4-NPs) (1 and 4 mg/kg bw.S.C.28 days) on the cortex and striatum. The characterization revealed that the CO3O4-NPs sample consists of extremely small particles with a semi-spherical shape. Exposure of aged rats to Co3O4-NPs induced an elevation of indicators oxidative injury [protein oxidation (PCO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP)] and nitrosative stress markers [nitrite production (NO)]. This effect was accompanied by a decrease in the activities of CAT, SOD, and GPx, as well as a reduction in the level of glutathione (GSH) and non-protein thiols (NPSH). Exposure of aged rats to Co3O4-NPs resulted also in the overexpression of pro-inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, and.. NF-kB) in the cortex and striatum. In addition, Co3O4-NPs exhibited cognitive deficits in the Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), as demonstrated by a decrease in the discrimination index. Heightened anxiety-like behavior was also observed in the Marble Burying test (MBT) and Open-field test (OFT), along with depressive-like behavior, as evidenced by prolonged immobility durations in the tail suspension test (TST) and Forced swimming test (FST). The histopathological analysis revealed changes in the striatum and cortex regions of the treated aged rats characterized by the presence of vacuolated and shrunken neurons. In summary, these findings highlight the susceptibility of the aging brain to Co3O4-NPs-induced neurotoxicity and underscore the role of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation as critical drivers of these effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5262-5280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between Urinary Heavy Metals and Early Childhood Caries in a Typical Industrial and Mining Area.","authors":"Mingkun Sun, Ting Yu, Yufan Zhu, Xuandi Zhang, Ya Chen, Yuhui Dang, Xiaowen Zhang, Shiwei Ai","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04579-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04579-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to assess the association between urinary heavy metals and early childhood caries (ECC), a survey of deciduous tooth decay and urinary heavy metal concentrations of 408 children was conducted in a typical industrial and mining area. The results indicated that urinary heavy metal concentrations were ranked as Zn > Fe > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cd > As > Cr > Mn > Hg. The zero-inflated negative binomial model identified Hg as a significant risk factor for ECC (P25 ~ P75, OR = 3.499; > P75, OR = 3.184). Bayesian kernel machine regression further revealed that Pb, Cd, and Hg were positively correlated with ECC. Additional analysis using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and restricted cubic splines confirmed a positive correlation between the urinary concentrations of Pb, Cd, As, and Hg and the number of ECC (p < 0.05). Moreover, Bayesian kernel function regression and weighted quantile sum regression indicated that combined exposure to heavy metals was positively associated with ECC, with Hg (0.420) being the most dominant contributor, followed by As, Pb, and Cd. In conclusion, this study demonstrated a significant positive correlation between urinary heavy metals and both the occurrence and severity of ECC, with Hg identified as the most influential factor. It was recommended to minimize children's exposure to heavy metals to protect their dental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5137-5150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of Lung Fibrosis Caused by Rare Earth Samarium Oxide Through Hippo Signaling Pathway and the Intervention of GBE.","authors":"Ruixia Ding, Ying Sun, Teng Ma, Haijing Yin, Yannan Bi, Sheng Li, Li Wang, Xiaohui Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04571-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04571-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the ongoing advancement and utilization of rare earth elements, human and environmental exposure to these materials has risen substantially. Samarium oxide (Sm₂O₃), a rare earth element, has been shown to induce pulmonary fibrosis, but the mechanisms are not clear. This study aimed to investigate the primary mechanisms by which rare earth Sm₂O₃ contributes to pulmonary fibrosis in relation to the Hippo signaling pathway and to assess the interventional effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE). A mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was established through intratracheal administration of a Sm₂O₃ suspension, while human embryonic lung fibroblasts were also treated for intervention studies. The results indicated that compared with the control group, the expression of SAV1, LATS1/2, MST1, YAP1, and TEAD1 genes was significantly up-regulated in the Sm₂O₃ group, while the expression of TAZ gene was down-regulated. Additionally, the levels of p-LATS1, LATS1, YAP, and p-YAP were elevated, suggesting that Sm₂O₃ promotes pulmonary fibrosis through an imbalance and abnormal regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway. Furthermore, human embryonic lung fibroblasts stained with Sm₂O₃ were treated with different dose gradients of GBE, and the expression level of p-LATS1, LATS1, YAP, and p-YAP was decreased as the dose of Sm₂O₃ increased, whereas treatment with GBE increased the expression of these proteins. GBE can mitigate the fibrotic response induced by Sm₂O₃ exposure. These findings demonstrate that Sm₂O₃ induces pulmonary fibrosis, at least in part, by inactivating the Hippo signaling pathway. Further investigation is warranted to fully elucidate the protective mechanisms of GBE and its therapeutic potential in this context.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5312-5324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Multiple Plasma Toxic Metal and Metalloid Exposures and Hypertension in Elderly Chinese Adults.","authors":"Yiwen Zhang, Xinyue Mu, Junpu Yu, Aimin Yang, Jingli Yang, Rongjie Wu, Fanhui Luo, Bin Luo, Rentong Chen, Li Ma, Jian He","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04580-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04580-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although environmental exposure to toxic metals and metalloids is linked with the risk of cardiovascular diseases, the evidence is limited in the elderly. We evaluated the associations between 12 plasma metal levels including aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), strontium (Sr), lead (Pb), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), cuprum (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), and selenium (Se) with prevalence of hypertension in the elderly Chinese population. In this study, stratified cluster sampling was conducted among elderly residents in three communities in Gansu province from June to July 2023, with a total of 330 participants included. The concentrations of metals in whole plasma were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to evaluate the dose-response relationship between plasma metal levels and hypertension, with all metal concentrations log-transformed. We applied quantile g-computation (QG-comp) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models to examine the associations of both individual metals and metal mixtures with hypertension. After multivariable adjustments, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hypertension associated with the highest quartile of metal concentrations compared to the lowest quartile were as follows: 4.20 (1.36, 12.98) for Sr, 3.95 (1.30, 12.03) for V, 3.43 (1.09, 10.78) for Cr, 3.28 (1.16, 9.28) for Cu, 3.28 (1.13, 9.52) for Zn, and 2.87 (0.94, 8.74) for As. Using BKMR and restricted cubic spline analysis, we found that exposure to metal mixtures was positively associated with an increased risk of hypertension, with Ni, Cr, As, and V being the primary contributing factors. In addition, Zn, Ni, and Sr were significantly and positively correlated with hypertension, while plasma titanium levels were negatively associated with hypertension development. These results suggest a complex interaction between various metals and the risk of hypertension in the elderly. Exposure to metal mixtures was positively associated with hypertension risk in elderly Chinese adults, with Ni, Cr, As, and V as key contributors. In addition, Zn, Ni, and Sr are significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension, while Ti was positively associated with its development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5151-5169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Heavy Metals and Minerals in Dairy and Plant-Based Milk Alternatives Available in Pakistan's Markets.","authors":"Aiman Usman, Sadaf Yaqoob, Hamza Shafiq, Mamoona Amir, Muhammad Riaz, Kousar Parveen, Usama Usman","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04553-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04553-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated heavy metals and minerals concentrations in dairy and plant-based milk alternatives available in Pakistan using ICP-MS. A total of 324 raw milk samples (cow, buffalo, goat, sheep, camel), 48 heat-treated samples (UHT, pasteurized, powdered), and 21 plant-based milk (coconut, almond, soy, oat, rice, walnut, cashew) were analyzed. Results showed significant differences in heavy metal levels across milk types. Chromium was the most common heavy metal in raw milk, especially in buffalo milk (0.16 mg L^-1). Heat-treated milk had lower heavy metal concentrations than raw milk, with pasteurized milk showing higher cadmium levels (0.08 mg L^-1). Among plant-based milk, oat milk had the lowest heavy metal concentration (0.02 mg L^-1), while powdered milk had the least contamination overall. Findings highlight the need for stringent quality control to ensure safety and nutritional standards in dairy and plant-based milk products.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5432-5439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}