Biological Trace Element Research最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the Connection Between Micronutrients and Autoimmune Thyroiditis: Are They True Friends?","authors":"Yunfeng Yu, Keke Tong, Juan Deng, Jingyi Wu, Rong Yu, Qin Xiang","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04548-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04548-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of micronutrients in autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) has been controversial and lacks sufficient genetic evidence. This study aimed to assess the relationships between various micronutrients and AIT by Mendelian randomization (MR). The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of micronutrients and AIT were acquired from IEU Open GWAS project and FinnGen, and were screened according to the basic assumptions of MR. Subsequently, inverse variance weighted was set as the primary tool for MR analysis, with weighted median, simple mode, MR-Egger, and weighted mode set as secondary tools. Next, the MR-Egger intercept was used to assess the horizontal pleiotropy of results. Finally, Cochran's Q test and sensitivity analysis were used to assess the heterogeneity and robustness of the results, respectively. MR analysis showed that vitamin B12 reduced genetic susceptibility to AIT by 83.6% (odds ratio 0.164, 95% confidence interval 0.030 to 0.910, p = 0.039), whereas magnesium, calcium, carotene, copper, folate, iron, potassium, selenium, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E were not associated with genetic susceptibility to AIT (p ≥ 0.05). The MR-Egger intercept showed that these results had no horizontal pleiotropy (p ≥ 0.05). Cochran's Q test and sensitivity analysis showed that these results were not heterogeneous (p ≥ 0.05) and were robust. This study demonstrated that vitamin B12 reduced the risk of AIT, whereas other micronutrients were not associated with the risk of AIT. It provides a new genetic perspective on the pathogenesis of AIT and strengthens the evidence for vitamin B12 as a potential treatment for AIT.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"4994-5005"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Tradition to Innovation: Pinellia ternata Extracts Stabilized Selenium Nanoparticles for Enhanced Bioactivity.","authors":"Quanxiu Wang, Zijin Chen, Xinya Xu, Kaixin Dai, Xiujie Li, Hui Lu, Shujun Wei, Zhenyu Lian, Leilei Guo","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04569-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04569-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are widely used for their effective antioxidative, anti-tumor, and antibacterial properties with minimal toxicity. Developing eco-friendly and simple synthesis methods for SeNPs with improved bioactivity, biocompatibility, and stability is crucial. This study synthesized bioactive SeNPs using extracts from the traditional Chinese medicine Pinellia ternata as a stabilizing agent. SeNPs were characterized to have an amorphous structure, spherical shape, uniform dispersion, and an average diameter of 54.6 nm. They had a surface charge of - 28.2 mV, enhancing stability through interactions with compounds in Pinellia ternata extracts. The synthesized SeNPs demonstrated strong antioxidant and antibacterial properties in vitro, outperforming Na₂SeO₃ and Pinellia ternata extracts. Specifically, SeNPs showed bacteriostatic activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) at 120, 240, and 480 µg/mL, with a lasting effect at 480 µg/mL after 23 h. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was more sensitive, with significant antimicrobial and bactericidal effects at 15, 30, and 60 µg/mL, achieving complete inhibition at 60 µg/mL after 20 h. In zebrafish exposure experiments, SeNPs at low (0.2 mg/L) and medium (0.5 mg/L) concentrations enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver without inducing significant acute toxicity, whereas high concentrations (1 mg/L) resulted in oxidative damage to the liver and gills. This study introduces a novel method for synthesizing a stable SeNP-herbal medicine extracts composite with outstanding biological activity and biosafety, potentially expanding the applications of herbal medicine beyond traditional antioxidant and antimicrobial treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5383-5400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterministic and Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Elemental Composition in Pistachios and Hazelnuts from Iran.","authors":"Zahra Hadian, Nabi Shariatifar, Majid Arabameri, Mojtaba Moazzen, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04564-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04564-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, concentrations of 28 elements (Ca, Cu, Li, Co, Sn, Fe, S, Pt, Au, Bi, B, Sr, W, Si, P, Mg, K, Mn, Na, Ni, Se, Zn, Al, Ba, Cd, Pb and As) in pistachios and hazelnuts collected from local markets in Tehran, Iran, were assessed using ICP-OES. The elemental risk assessments were carried out by estimating recommended dietary allowance, chronic daily intake, target hazard quotient, and incremental lifetime cancer risk. Results revealed that the highest and the lowest concentrations of elements in all samples included K (4700 ± 3473 μg Kg^-1) and Li (0.173 ± 0.40 μg Kg^-1), respectively. In addition, results showed that Cd, As, Pb, Co, Bi, Au, Pt, and Sn were not detected in the samples. In all the nuts samples, quantities of the elements (μg Kg^-1) were less than the standard levels (Pb = 20, Cd = 10, As = 140, Al = 500, Fe = 2700 and Mn = 100). The principal component analysis results highlighted the distinguishing characteristics of the nuts. Cluster analysis helped distinguish four subgroups based on their ability to accumulate elements. Therefore, chemometric analysis could be a practical method for classifying nut samples based on their elements. Based on the results of health risk indicators, no risks of exposure to heavy metals from the consumption of Iranian pistachio and hazelnut samples are reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5440-5452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Arsenic and Nickel with Markers of Insulin Resistance and Beta Cell Dysfunction: A Case-Control Study in Indo Gangetic Plain.","authors":"Shefali Singh, Juhi Verma, Nikhil Gupta, Anumesh K Pathak, Manish Singh Rajput, Vandana Tiwari, Manish Raj Kulshrestha","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04574-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04574-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental exposure to toxic metals/metalloids (TM) has been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) via mechanisms involving insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction, especially in regions with significant industrial and agricultural activities. This study assessed the relationship between serum toxic element levels and glycemic markers, including HbA1c, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and beta cell function (HOMA-β%). In total, 783 participants (480 T2DM patients and 303 controls) were recruited. TM (Ni, As, Al, Pb, Cd, and Hg) was quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. HbA1c was measured using ion exchange high-performance liquid chromatography, while fasting insulin and glucose levels were measured using a Cobas 6000 Roche autoanalyzer to calculate HOMA-IR and HOMA-β%. Among the tested TM, As (72.2%) and Ni (66.2%) were the most prevalent and associated with T2DM. On multivariate analysis, Ni and As levels were significantly positively correlated with HbA1c (Ni: β = 0.13, As: β = 0.16) and IR (Ni: β = 0.31, As: β = 0.24), and negatively correlated with β-cell function (Ni: β = -0.09, As: β = -0.19). A significant decline in beta cell function (Ni: Q1:55.96, Q4:34.27; As: Q1:58.61, Q4:27.88) and increased IR (Ni: Q1:2.75, Q4:3.97; As: Q1:2.77, Q4:3.76) was observed across exposure quartiles. Nonfiltered water consumption and smoking were associated with higher levels of Ni, As, and IR. The risk (adjusted odds ratio) of T2DM increased 2.18-fold and 6.81-fold with Ni and As exposure, respectively. The district with the highest exposure (Bahraich) to Ni (82%) and As (88%) had the highest prevalence (82%) of T2DM among the study population. Arsenic and nickel exposure are strongly associated with impaired glycemic markers in T2DM and correspond to drinking water in the Indo-Gangetic Plain. Smoking was also associated with high Ni and As levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5108-5126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorating Nickel-Induced Stress in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Silver Carp) Through Piper nigrum Extract Supplementation.","authors":"Syed Muhammad Farhan Ali Shah, Syed Makhdoom Hussain, Shafaqat Ali, Pallab K Sarker, Khalid A Al-Ghanim, Sunakbaeva Dilara","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04560-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04560-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study examined the damaging implications of nickel (Ni) toxicity on body composition, growth responses, histology and hematology of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, as well as the potential mitigating effects of Piper nigrum extract. For this purpose, H. molitrix were distributed into six groups, namely T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6. All treatments were assessed in triplicates. T1 was designated as the negative control treatment, receiving no Ni exposure or dietary supplementation, whereas T2 acted as the positive control treatment, exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of nickel chloride (NiCl₂) at 3.6 mg/L. Groups T3-T6 received diets enriched with 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% P. nigrum extract, respectively and were also exposed to 3.6 mgL^-1 NiCl₂ toxicity. The findings of this investigation revealed that T2 exhibited decreased growth responses, characterized by a weight gain (WG) of 8.12 g, percentage weight gain (WG%) of 77.83% and specific growth rate (SGR) of 0.96. Additionally, T2 displayed altered hematological parameters such as reduced red blood cells (RBC: 1.3 × 10⁶ mm^-3) and hemoglobin levels (Hb: 5.8 g/100 ml), and increased white blood cell counts (WBC: 75.31 × 10³ mm^-3). Also, T2 showed reduced protein (13.14%), fat (2.15%), and moisture content (73.44%), hepatocyte degeneration, and Ni bioaccumulation in hepatic tissues. In contrast, T1 (control negative) and T3 (1% P. nigrum extract) demonstrated improved growth performance with WG of 18.49 g and 16.92 g, respectively. They also showed increased RBC (1.77 × 10⁶ mm^-3 and 2.77 × 10⁶ mm^-3) and Hb levels (9.65 g/100 ml and 8.15 g/100 ml), decreased WBC counts (6.12 × 10³ mm^-3 and 7.79 × 10³ mm^-3), and elevated protein (16.42% and 15.29%), fat (3.22% and 3.11%), and moisture content (76.92% and 76.6%), respectively. Furthermore, liver histological analysis revealed that dietary supplementation with 1% P. nigrum extract (T3) effectively minimized the adverse effects of NiCl2 toxicity, characterized by a normal central vein structure and significantly reduced histological damage. In conclusion, the results show that 1% P. nigrum extract supplementation significantly ameliorates the adverse effects on carcass composition, elevates growth responses, enhances hematological indices, and mitigates the toxic effects of Ni on the histology of H. molitrix. This comprehensive improvement in nutritional quality, growth rates, blood health, and tissue integrity suggests that P. nigrum extract has tremendous potential as a natural remedy for mitigating the adverse effects of Ni toxicity in aquatic species.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5359-5369"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles on Dazl Gene Expression and Spermatogenesis Indices in Male Mice.","authors":"Mohadese Farahani, Amir Jalali, Samira Moghadasi, Marziyeh Rezaei, Reyhaneh Khodadadi","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04554-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04554-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bismuth (Bi) exposure has been linked to various health effects, but its direct impact on male fertility remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the effects of bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi₂O₃ NPs) on male reproductive function in Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice. The mice were randomly allocated to seven groups: one control receiving physiological saline and six treatment groups receiving Bi₂O₃ NPs (25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight/day) for 35 days. Treatment was administered via oral gavage. Following treatment, we evaluated body weight, blood serum biochemistry, Dazl gene expression, sperm quality, testicular histology, and cell counts (spermatogenic, Leydig, and Sertoli cells). Compared with the control, Bi₂O₃ NPs exposure resulted in significant reductions in testosterone levels, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activity, Dazl gene expression, sperm motility, count, viability, normal morphology, and DNA integrity, and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased. Additionally, testicular tissue and seminiferous tubule volume decreased, whereas interstitial tissue volume increased. Notably, sperm production was impaired, as evidenced by reduced numbers of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells. Body weight and seminiferous tubule basement membrane parameters remained largely unaffected. These findings suggest that Bi₂O₃ NPs induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid peroxidation and ultimately compromising male fertility. Our study highlights the potential detrimental effects of Bi₂O₃ NPs exposure on male reproductive health and warrants further investigation into their impact on human fertility at relevant concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5245-5261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Maternal Exposure to Trace Metal Mixtures on Bone Mineral Density in Children Aged 3-6: Results from the Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort, China.","authors":"Junwang Gu, Huishen Huang, Jun Liang, Qian Liao, Peng Tang, Ying Tang, Jinghua Long, Jiehua Chen, Dongping Huang, Dongxiang Pan, Xiaoyun Zeng, Xiaoqiang Qiu","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04561-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04561-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prospective studies examining early maternal exposure to trace metal (TM) mixtures and their effects on offspring remain limited. We analyzed data regarding maternal plasma trace metal concentrations and bone mineral density (BMD) for 220 children aged 3-6 years from the Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to measure 22 trace metal concentrations-Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sb, Cs, Ba, W, Tl, Pb, and U-in maternal plasma samples collected before 13 weeks of gestation. BMD Z-scores in children were assessed using quantitative ultrasound. Generalized linear models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) models, principal component analysis, Bayesian kernel machine regression, and quantile-based g-computation (qgcomp) were used to evaluate the associations between maternal plasma metal levels and BMD Z-scores in the child. Higher maternal Fe concentration was correlated with lower child BMD Z-scores (β [95% confidence interval]: - 1.374 [- 2.426 to - 0.323], p = 0.011). Increased Pb exposure was correlated with higher Z-scores (β [95% CI]: 1.035 [0.150-1.920], p = 0.023), corroborated by the RCS model (p = 0.031). Ti levels exceeding the median were associated with increased BMD Z-scores (p = 0.027). Increased BMD in children was associated with higher levels of metal mixtures, including Mn, V, Ti, U, Ni, Zn, Sr, Pb, W, and Co. Pb appears to play a primary role in this effect. TM exposure during early pregnancy is associated with BMD in children; however, additional longitudinal and experimental studies are required to confirm this conclusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5068-5080"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Clusters of Low Serum Selenium: the Priorities of Selenium Supplementation to Residents of Keshan Disease Endemic Areas.","authors":"Qingyu Zeng, Guijin Li, Ruixiang Wang, Cunqi Lv, Shuxiu Hao, Jiacheng Li, Huixin Sun, Linlin Du, Cheng Wang, Yu Zhang, Xinshu Wang, Yuehui Jia, Qi Li, Tong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04547-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04547-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium deficiency is strongly associated with Keshan disease (KD). It is essential to investigate serum selenium levels from the perspective of etiological surveillance and evaluation of the populations at-risk. This research aims to identify areas at high risk of selenium deficiency using spatial epidemiological methods and to provide a scientific basis for targeted selenium supplementation. This cross-sectional study measured serum selenium levels using an atomic fluorescence spectrometer among 6,643 residents in KD endemic and non-endemic counties across China, applying spatial epidemiological methods, including global autocorrelation and local Moran's I analysis, to identify spatial clustering. Additionally, ordinary least squares regression was used to assess the correlation between serum selenium levels and per capita disposable income. The median serum selenium level among participants was 66.69 μg/L. Serum selenium levels of residents in KD endemic areas were significantly lower than those in non-endemic areas. A total of 72 counties were classified as selenium-deficient, 638 as selenium-marginal, and 967 as selenium-sufficient. Spatial clustering analysis identified 375 clusters of low selenium levels. Regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between serum selenium levels and per capita disposable income. The geographical distribution of serum selenium levels exhibits significant spatial clustering. The low-low clustering areas in provinces such as Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Yunnan should be prioritized for selenium nutrition interventions and surveillance. Furthermore, areas with low incomes may need enhanced strategies for selenium supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"4983-4993"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic Element Exposure and Bioactivity of Herbalist-Sourced Salvia officinalis: Comprehensive Health Risk Assessment from Eastern Türkiye.","authors":"Gül Görmez","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04759-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04759-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salvia officinalis (sage) leaves were gathered from five districts in Van Province, Türkiye (İpekyolu, Erciş, Gevaş, Başkale, and Muradiye), and their antioxidant capacity, phenolic composition, heavy metal contamination, mineral content, and structural properties were investigated in this study. The widespread availability of Salvia officinalis in herbal shops and open markets across Türkiye, combined with its extensive use in traditional medicine, led to its selection. This study aimed to evaluate potential health risks associated with herbalist-sourced samples and to establish a model for assessing the safety of other unregulated medicinal plants sold in comparable environments. Elemental analysis was used to determine protein levels and the contents of C, N, and H. At the same time, a combination of analytical methods including ICP-OES, AAS, DUMAS method, and SEM-EDX was employed to determine levels of hazardous metals (Cr, Mn, Cd, As, Co, Fe, Pb, Zn, Cu) and essential minerals (Ca, Mg, Na, K). Antioxidant capacity was evaluated using DPPH, CUPRAC, and ABTS tests, and HPLC was used to identify the phenolic profiles. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content, especially gallic and vanillic acids, were higher in Sample S1 compared to other samples. Nevertheless, dangerous levels of heavy metals were also present. Sample S1 exhibited substantial carcinogenic (CR > 1 × 10⁻3) and non-carcinogenic (HI > 6) health hazards, according to health risk indicators such as estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and hazard index (HI). This research demostrates that medicinal plants should undergo routine safety screening, especially those marketed through unregulated sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5478-5493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polydatin Mitigates Lead-Induced Nephropathy by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and the AMPK/AKT/Nrf2 Pathway in Rats.","authors":"Naief Dahran, Mohammad A Alobaidy, Wejdan H Owaydhah, Ehdaa K A Soubahi, Alaa A Eisa, Nani Nasreldin, Hossam Gadalla, Bassem Refaat, Mohamed E El-Boshy","doi":"10.1007/s12011-025-04570-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-025-04570-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying lead (Pb)-induced nephropathy and assessed the nephroprotective potential of Polydatin (PD). Forty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 8/group): negative control (NC), normal rats treated with 200 mg/kg/day of PD (NPD200), positive control (PC) receiving Pb only (30 mg/kg/day), and two groups co-administered Pb with PD (100 or 200 mg/kg/day). Serum and urine Pb levels were determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Markers of renal tissue damage (TGF-β/iNOS/NGLA/KIM-1) and renoprotective molecules (Nrf2/AMKα/AKT1) genes and proteins were measured by quantitative RT-PCR and Immunohistochemistry, respectively. ELISA was used to quantify markers of oxidative stress (GSH/Gpx1/CAT/MDA/H₂O₂) and inflammation (TNFα/IL1β/IL6/IL-10/IFN-γ). The PC group exhibited significant renal damage, including abnormal histology, increased apoptosis, elevated serum creatinine and urea, proteinuria, and polyuria. The PC renal tissues also showed substantial upregulations of iNOS/TGF-β/KIM-1/NGAL, whilst Nrf2/AMPK/AKT declined compared to healthy rats. Moreover, levels of oxidative stress (MDA/H₂O₂) and inflammatory (TNF-α/IL1β/IL6) markers were substantially higher in the PC renal specimens, whereas the antioxidants (GSH/GPx/CAT) with IL-10 and IFN-γ decreased than the NC group. Co-administration of PD with Pb improved renal biochemical parameters, attenuated histopathological changes and apoptosis, reduced the expression of iNOS/TGF-β/KIM-1, concentrations of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory markers, whilst enhanced antioxidants and Nrf2/AMPK/AKT/IL-10/IFN-γ levels. However, the protective effects of the PD high-dose regimen were significantly greater than the low-dose protocol. In conclusion, PD prophylactic regimens mitigated Pb-induced nephrotoxicity by targeting oxidative stress and inflammation, with the high-dose protocol demonstrating superior nephroprotective efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"5299-5311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}