Biological Trace Element Research最新文献

{"title":"Arsenic Exposure Induces Hepatic Fibrosis and Triggers Early Inflammatory Responses by Inhibiting Hepatic Stellate Cell PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy.","authors":"Feiyang Wu, Yan Wang, Sheng Li, Zhiyong Xu, Xiaohui Wang, Haijing Yin, Teng Ma, Li Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12011-026-05207-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-026-05207-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arsenic contamination poses a significant environmental health risk, yet the mechanisms underlying its induction of hepatic fibrosis remain incompletely elucidated.Our previous clinical studies in arsenic poisoning areas found that serum inflammatory factors (such as IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) levels were significantly elevated, but there were no significant differences in liver function and fibrosis markers, suggesting that the inflammatory response precedes detectable typical pathological alterations. Established theories suggest that persistent inflammation is a key factor in the initiation of hepatic fibrosis. PINK1, a key initiator of mitophagy, was found to be downregulated in the livers of arsenic-exposed mice.Based on this, we propose a scientific hypothesis: arsenic exposure induces a persistent inflammatory response by inhibiting PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, thereby driving hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation and the fibrosis process. Experimental validation demonstrated that arsenic exposure significantly inhibited the PINK1/Parkin pathway, impaired mitophagy, and upregulated the expression of fibrosis markers and inflammatory factors in both liver tissues and cells. Conversely, PINK1 overexpression reversed these pathological phenotypes. In summary, dysregulation of the PINK1/Parkin pathway is a pivotal mechanism connecting arsenic exposure to chronic inflammation and the initiation of hepatic fibrosis, providing new insights for early recognition and targeted intervention of arsenic-related liver diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"7549-7560"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenium Nanoparticles Inhibited H₂O₂-Induced Endothelial Cell Dysfunction by Alleviating Oxidative Stress.","authors":"Na Li, Shengze Xiao, Wanru Yang, Hongmei Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12011-026-05201-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-026-05201-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endothelial dysfunction is one of the important pathological bases of atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis are the first major cause of human death. Our previous studies indicated that selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) could prevent experimental atherosclerosis in animals, while their association with endothelial dysfunction remain unclear. Meanwhile, the size and surface properties of nanomaterials have a great influence on their biological functions. In this study, we prepared SeNPs with different sizes and surface charges to study their effects on H₂O₂-induced endothelial dysfunction in endothelial cells and the possible mechanisms. The results showed that SeNPs pretreatment significantly reduced the endothelial cell injury and dysfunction caused by H₂O₂. SeNPs pretreatment also significantly inhibited H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress, probably by enhancing cellular Se content and antioxidant selenoprotein expression in endothelial cells. Additionally, SeNPs pretreatment reversed H₂O₂-induced changes of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway. Moreover, SeNPs with middle size (around 40 nm) exhibited advantage in increasing cellular Se uptake and expression of antioxidant selenoproteins compared with smaller size (around 20 nm) or larger size (around 80 nm). Overall, SeNPs protect endothelial cells from H₂O₂-induced endothelial dysfunction by alleviating oxidative stress, and this activity may be dependent on their particle size. These results provided a deeper understanding of the anti-endothelial dysfunction activity of SeNPs and contribute to the potential use of SeNPs as a therapeutic agent against atherosclerosis in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"7474-7489"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148337604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Different Dietary Inclusion Levels of Soybean Meal Supplemented with Crystalline Amino Acids on Mineral Deposition in Different Tissues of Weaned Piglets.","authors":"Luqi Cai, Ting Yao, Liuqin He, Yulong Yin, Tiejun Li","doi":"10.1007/s12011-026-05206-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-026-05206-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of reducing soybean meal (SBM) with balanced essential amino acids (EAAs) and supplementing non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) on organ development and mineral deposition in weaned piglets. In Experiment 1, forty-nine 28-day-old piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) were randomly assigned to seven groups (n = 7) and fed corn-soybean meal diets with varying SBM inclusion levels (30% to 0%) with balanced EAAs (Lys, Met, Thr, Trp, Val, Ile, Leu, Arg, His, and Phe). In Experiment 2, twenty-eight piglets were allocated to four groups (n = 7) and fed SBM-free diets balanced for EAAs and supplemented with high, medium, or low levels of NEAAs. The results showed that reducing SBM balanced with EAAs did not impair growth performance while significantly altered mineral deposition. Calcium (Ca) concentrations in the heart, liver, and carcass, alongside carcass phosphorus (P) and serum zinc (Zn) were declined linearly. Conversely, liver Zn, kidney P, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were increased. Serum iron (Fe) and albumin levels were exhibited U-shaped trends, reaching their nadir at moderate SBM levels. Moreover, based on the above diet, balancing NEAA significantly enhanced mineral deposition, and partially ameliorated hepatic stress indicators. These results suggest that although SBM reduction maintains growth, it disrupts mineral deposition and organ health. Our findings provide a strategy that supplementing with high dosage NEAAs in EAA-balanced low-protein diets is recommended to maintain mineral homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"7534-7548"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermentation Status Dictates Organ-Selective Protection of a Millet-Based Dairy Beverage Against Sub-Chronic Lead Toxicity in Rats.","authors":"Amel A Ibrahim, Hala A Hafez, Samar M Aborhyem, Reham A Madian, Noha Dyab","doi":"10.1007/s12011-026-05253-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-026-05253-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sub-chronic lead (Pb) exposure induces multi-organ toxicity through oxidative stress and inflammation. Dietary interventions have shown promise, but their effects are often organ nonspecific. This study investigated whether fermentation of a millet-based beverage could differentially direct its protective efficacy against Pb-induced injury in specific organs.Male Wistar rats were exposed to 1 ppm lead acetate in drinking water for 8 weeks and co-administered either: a fermented mix of skimmed milk and malted millet milk (F-Mix), fermented skimmed milk (FSM), or unfermented malted millet milk (UFMM). Hematological, hepatic, renal, inflammatory (TNF-α), hippocampal oxidative stress (Nrf2, GSH, SOD, CAT), acetylcholine, and histopathological parameters were assessed.Pb exposure significantly reduced hemoglobin, increased serum creatinine and BUN, elevated TNF-α, depleted hippocampal antioxidants, and impaired organ histology (p < 0.05 vs. control). Notably, UFMM attenuated Pb-induced hippocampal Nrf2 depletion by 63%, restored GSH by 71%, and preserved hepatic architecture with minimal necrosis. In contrast, F-Mix reduced serum TNF-α by 58% (p < 0.01 vs. Pb group), lowered creatinine by 44%, and BUN by 39%, with preserved renal tubular integrity. Fermented beverages (FSM and F-Mix) showed superior renal protection, while unfermented UFMM was more effective in liver and brain. Fermentation status critically redirects the organ-protective effects of millet-based beverages against Pb toxicity. Unfermented millet milk preferentially activates Nrf2-mediated antioxidant pathways in the brain and liver, while fermentation shifts protection toward the kidneys and systemic inflammation. These findings support the concept that food processing can be leveraged to design targeted nutritional interventions against heavy metal toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"8214-8231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hair Metals and Essential Trace Element Profiles in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder (F84.0): an Exploratory Case-Control Study With Sex Stratified Descriptive Analyses.","authors":"Renata Rizzo, Tommaso Filippini, Chiara Copat, Alfina Grasso, Eliana Pellegrino, Valentina Crisafi, Andrea Moscato, Margherita Ferrante, Rita Barone, Maria Fiore","doi":"10.1007/s12011-026-05222-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-026-05222-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is an exploratory case-control study assessed levels of metals and essential trace elements in hair samples from children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and neurotypical controls, exploring potential differences according to sex. A total of 154 children (61 children with ASD and 93 controls) aged 4-18 years were enrolled at the same clinical site in Eastern Sicily. Demographic, perinatal, dietary, and exposure information was collected through structured parental questionnaires. Hair samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Children with ASD showed distinct elemental patterns. Females with ASD had higher median nickel (0.25 vs.0.20 µg/g), lead (1.11 vs.0.55 µg/g), chromium (0.87 vs.0.49 µg/g), and aluminum (10.27 vs. 6.97 µg/g) compared with female controls; similar but smaller differences appeared in males. Mercury levels were consistently lower in children with ASD for both sexes (females: 0.25 vs.0.60 µg/g; males: 0.30 vs.0.58 µg/g). Essential trace elements were markedly elevated in children with ASD: zinc reached 132 µg/g in ASD females vs. 83 µg/g in controls, and 129 vs. 65 µg/g in males; selenium and copper were also higher across sexes. Maternal and child characteristics differed between groups. Mothers of children with ASD reported more infections (30.9% vs. 9.6%) and therapies during pregnancy (43.9% vs.22.6%), while children with ASD showed more gastric disorders (40.4%vs.9.4%), specific diets (21.1% vs.3.5%), and vitamin use (26.3% vs.3.5%). Findings suggest sex-related differences in hair metals and trace elements profiles among children with ASD. The low mercury levels observed in children with ASD showld be interpreted with caution, given that factors such as dietary habits, supplement intake, or differences in metal metabolism were not directly assessed in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"7775-7786"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13615983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148418234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic Insights into Molybdenum-Induced Pancreatic Injury in Goats.","authors":"Yang Ran, Ammara Khan, Xiaoyun Shen","doi":"10.1007/s12011-026-05193-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-026-05193-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential trace element, but excessive exposure may exert toxic effects in ruminants. The pancreas plays a central role in post-ruminal digestion, yet the effects of high Mo exposure on pancreatic digestive function and its underlying mechanisms in goats remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of chronic Mo exposure on pancreatic function in goats through physiological assessment and proteomic analysis. Twenty Yudong Black goats (six months old, 22.34 ± 1.87 kg) were randomly assigned to a control group or a Mo group (n = 10 each). Goats in the Mo group were fed a basal diet supplemented with 50 mg·kg⁻¹ Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O for 60 days. Body weight, pancreatic organ index, and the activities of pancreatic amylase, lipase, and trypsin were measured. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics was performed on pancreatic tissue. High Mo exposure significantly reduced body weight gain, increased the pancreatic organ index, and decreased pancreatic exocrine enzyme activities. Proteomic analysis identified 765 differentially expressed proteins, including 568 upregulated and 197 downregulated proteins. These proteins were mainly enriched in pathways related to immune and inflammatory responses, cytoskeletal organization, phagocytosis, amino acid metabolism, and lysosome-associated processes. Protein-protein interaction analysis identified VCL, RAC2, ITGB2, and TLN1 as key hub proteins. Parallel reaction monitoring validation confirmed trends consistent with the TMT results. Overall, chronic high Mo exposure impairs pancreatic exocrine digestive function and induces broad proteomic alterations, providing new insight into the molecular mechanisms of Mo-induced pancreatic injury in goats.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"7375-7386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148326164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Exosome-Derived ceRNA Network of Cartilage Injury in Kashin-Beck Disease Chondrocytes.","authors":"Chaowei Wang, Lulu Bai, Liangyu Cui, Pengyan Jiao, Zhouyun Chen, Yang Liu, Yirong Qin, Hui Wang, Lian Liu, Qi Jing, Yuyang Ma, Yuequan Yuan, Xi Lv, Yu Zhang, Feihong Chen, Yujie Ning, Shujin Li, Xi Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12011-026-05212-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-026-05212-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study sought to develop and validate an exosome-derived competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network in chondrocytes impacted by Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and to elucidate its functional implications in selenium deficiency-induced cartilage damage. Exosomes were isolated from the chondrocytes of KBD patients (n = 3) and matched healthy controls (n = 3). Exosomal RNA microarrays and high-throughput miRNA sequencing were employed to identify differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) using predefined thresholds of |fold change| ≧ 1, P < 0.05, or TargetScan_score ≧ 50 and miranda_Energy < - 10. Through an integration of bioinformatics analysis and experimental approaches, we constructed a KBD-specific exosome-derived ceRNA network and validated the expression patterns of core molecules in C28/I2 chondrocyte and SD rat models. Transcriptomic profiling revealed numerous dysregulated exosomal lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs in KBD chondrocytes, which were predominantly enriched in pathways associated with cartilage damage, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix metabolism. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis identified six distinct lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axes within the ceRNA network, encompassing five lncRNAs, miR-423-5p, miR-654-5p, and their target genes CDC42 and SETD8. Validation through RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed aberrant expression patterns in KBD induced by selenium deficiency: lncRNAs were markedly upregulated, miRNAs were significantly downregulated, and both CDC42 and SETD8 were substantially upregulated. These findings imply that exosome-derived ceRNA interactions may play a role in selenium deficiency-associated cartilage damage by modulating CDC42 and SETD8. In conclusion, this exploratory study systematically constructs and preliminarily validates an exosome-derived ceRNA network in KBD chondrocytes. The results indicate that this network may mediate cartilage damage induced by selenium deficiency and T-2 toxin via the lncRNA-miR-423-5p/miR-654-5p-CDC42/SETD8 axes. These molecules hold potential as candidate diagnostic biomarkers for KBD, although further validation in larger cohorts is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"7642-7654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic metals in Cosmetic and Personal Care Products: Occurrence, Concentrations, and Health Risks.","authors":"Ebuka Chizitere Emenike, Kingsley O Iwuozor, Suleiman Kamaldeen Olayinka, Oladimeji Oloruntobi Taiye, Ugochukwu Daniel Okwor, Karinate Valentine Okiy, Adewale George Adeniyi","doi":"10.1007/s12011-026-05220-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-026-05220-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given their general use and continued exposure to humans, toxic metals in cosmetics and personal care products are an emerging public health concern. The review discusses the occurrence, concentration, analytical detection and health risks of toxic metals commonly found in cosmetics, including Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, and Ni. The amount of these metals differed greatly depending on the product and region. For instance, Pb concentrations in some kohl products were above 440,000 µg/g, Cr in some lipsticks reached 2554 µg/g, and mercury in some skin-lightening creams averaged 1008 µg/g. Hair dyes, eye cosmetics, nail products, lipsticks, and skin-whitening creams were identified as major sources of exposure. Different analytical methods, including FAAS, GFAAS, ICP-OES, ICP-MS, and XRF spectroscopy, are commonly used to measure these metals. The review further discusses dermal absorption pathways, bioaccumulation, and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks associated with long-term cosmetic use, as well as the current regulatory guidelines. Although some products met safety standards, many exceeded international limits, showing the need for stricter regulations, regular testing, standard methods, and better public awareness.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"7743-7761"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148418208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution, Bioaccumulation and Human Health Risk of Mercury and Cadmium in Coastal Sediments and Oysters along the Goa Coast, India.","authors":"Bibekananda Maiti, Natalia Kimberly Vernum, Kalyan De, Krushna Vudamala","doi":"10.1007/s12011-026-05227-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-026-05227-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coastal ecosystems are vital for biodiversity and livelihoods. However, increasing anthropogenic pollution has deteriorated quality and health of these important ecosystems. This study investigates the concentrations, spatial distributions, ecological, and consumer health risks of Cadmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg) in surface sediments and oyster Saccostrea cucullata, collected from coastal locations along the Goa coast, India. Average concentration of Cd and Hg in sediment samples was measured as 0.16 ± 0.04 mg kg^- 1 and 0.005 ± 0.004 mg kg^- 1 (dry wt.), respectively. In oyster, the mean concentration of Cd and Hg was 3.37 ± 0.66 mg kg^- 1 and 0.071 ± 0.005 mg kg^- 1 (dry wt.), respectively. Sediment analysis revealed that Cd concentrations were generally low and below established sediment quality guideline thresholds; however, high bioaccumulation was observed in Saccostrea cucullata, with concentrations exceeding the permissible limit at most sampling sites. In contrast, Hg concentrations remained below sediment quality guideline values and seafood safety thresholds across all locations. Geochemical indices (CF, Igeo, and EF) identified localized Cd enrichment, particularly at Baga, while Hg showed negligible contamination. Consumer health risk assessment indicated that Cd was the major contributor to elevated THQ and HI values, highlighting Cd-driven consumer health concerns associated with oyster consumption. Overall, the findings suggest that cadmium represents the primary environmental and public health concern along the Goa coast, whereas mercury currently poses comparatively low ecological and human health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"7851-7869"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Elemental Impurities and Associated Health Risks in Common Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Using ICP-MS.","authors":"Adnan M Massadeh, Waad E Abu Diak, Yahya R Tahboub, Mahmoud M Smadi","doi":"10.1007/s12011-026-05240-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12011-026-05240-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was intended to assess the concentration of 15 elemental impurities and associated health risks in 38 samples of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) collected from different Jordanian pharmaceutical manufacturers using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentrations of the targeted elemental impurities were within or below the permissible limits except for ²⁰⁸Pb as recommended by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP - NF 2022) and the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use ICH Q3D (R2). The hazard index (HI) of elemental impurities was less than 1 as established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) in all tested API samples except Amoxicillin. Validation parameters performed in this study showed a good accuracy and validity of the ICP-MS analysis method, with a good linearity (R² ˃ 0.996) for all elemental impurities, instrumental LODs varying between 0.001 × 10^- 3 µg. mL^- 1 for ²³²Th and 6.209 × 10^- 3 µg. mL^- 1 for ²⁰⁸Pb, and recovery ˃ 95%. Analysis of variance (ANOVA - one way) was used to compare the means of ten categories of medication groups for 15 targeted elemental impurities. The results show that all elemental impurities have p-values > 0.05 except for ⁶⁰Ni (0.018), and ²⁰⁹Bi (0.021). This study investigated several elements that have been rarely reported in previous studies and further integrated elemental profiling with health risk assessment, hence providing new insights and adding novel data to the current body of scientific knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":8917,"journal":{"name":"Biological Trace Element Research","volume":" ","pages":"8010-8022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148468749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}