BMC Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Interpretable machine learning reveals metabolomic signatures: biomarkers and mechanisms in acute vs chronic angle-closure glaucoma.","authors":"Jun Ren, Zhuqing Li, Jianing Wu, Yingzhu Li, Yichao Qiu, Wenjun Cao, Xueli Chen, Shengjie Li","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01137-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01137-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDS: Acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APACG) and chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma (CPACG) exhibit distinct clinical features, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying their differing progression rates remain unclear. This study integrates metabolomics and machine learning to identify subtype-specific metabolic profiles and serum biomarkers for distinguishing APACG from CPACG. METHODS: A total of 128 patients were included: 47 APACG and 47 CPACG patients from the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 20 APACG and 14 CPACG patients from Xuhui Central Hospital. Serum metabolomics was performed via UPLC-MS/MS. Differentially abundant metabolites were identified through metabolomic profiling, and machine learning models were developed to classify subtypes. Model performance was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, precision‒recall curves, and decision curve analysis. OPLS-DA revealed significant metabolic differences between APACG and CPACG, particularly in the amino acid and caffeine metabolism pathways. RESULTS: Eight differentially abundant metabolites, including caffeine and its metabolites, were consistently identified in both sets. Among the 10 machine learning models, XGBoost demonstrated the best performance, with AUC values of 0.85 (training set) and 0.82 (independent validation set). SHAP analysis highlighted 1-methylxanthine and 3-methylxanthine as key contributors to the model’s predictive performance. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed distinct metabolic profiles between APACG and CPACG, with caffeine and its metabolites playing a significant role. The XGBoost model exhibited robust predictive performance, suggesting its potential clinical utility for differentiating PACG subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147490578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontal ligament stem cells-loaded photocrosslinking GelMA/PEGDA scaffolds for periodontal bone regeneration.","authors":"Bei Gao, Jie Yao, Yijie Wang, Chen Chen, Zhen Chai, Wanting Wan, Shiyang Wu, Zhongbo Liu, Rui Zou","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01127-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01127-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Matrix stiffness is a key feature of the mechanical microenvironment. Periodontal tissue is a multicomponent structure composed of cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone, and is essential for the physiological reconstruction and stress of teeth. Simulating the stiffness of periodontal tissue with a biomimetic extracellular matrix is ​​of great significance for regulating cell behavior and tissue repair. In this study, the application of GelMA-PEGDA hybrid hydrogels with different matrix stiffnesses for periodontal bone regeneration was explored. RESULTS: In this work, a GelMA‒PEGDA hybrid hydrogel ink was prepared, and the proportion of PEGDA significantly increased the matrix stiffness of the hybrid hydrogel, which had good biocompatibility. In addition, matrix stiffness promoted the osteogenic differentiation and mineralization capacity of periodontal ligament stem cells on the surface of the gels. A high-precision hydrogel scaffold was obtained by introducing a photoinhibitor. The porosity and biocompatibility of the scaffold were good. CONCLUSIONS: This 3D-printed hydrogel provides a promising strategy for periodontal bone tissue regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13123019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147484283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable utilization of phosphogypsum in agriculture enhanced by mycorrhizal organisms: a new perspective.","authors":"Li Zhang, Juan Luo, Chuanguang Zhang, Hong Wang, Mingjie Yan, Naiming Zhang, Yunsheng Xia, Xianrong Yue","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01134-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01134-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: The extensive stockpiling of phosphogypsum(PG) poses significant environmental challenges, while many agricultural soils in Yunnan Province exhibit sulfur deficiency and low phosphorus availability. Incorporating exogenous nutrients and bio-fertilizers represents a promising strategy to address both issues. Although PG contains valuable nutrients such as phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) that can support crop growth, its arsenic (As) content may bright pollution risk to crop growth. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to promote plant growth and nutrients absorption, and alleviate arsenic stress from soil. This study investigated the synergy effects of AMF inoculation and PG amendment on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) growth, nutrient uptake, and As accumulation. RESULTS: The results show that both FM and GA inoculation increased shoot and root biomass of the three tobacco varieties. PG addition significantly increased the plant S concentration, total uptake, and specific absorption rate in ‘KRK26’ plants. Under both FM and the GA inoculation, PG addition significantly increased the plant P concentration and absorbed amount as well as the uptake ratio of P to As in ‘KRK26’ shoots. FM inoculation increased P, S concentration as well as total uptake amount, and the specific absorption rate in all tobacco varieties at each PG treatment level, while reducing As concentration and absorption in ‘YY87’ by up to 22.96% and 20.21%, respectively. GA inoculation significantly increased P concentration, uptake amount, and P specific absorption rate in ‘KRK26’ by 110.61%, 122.39%, and 179.04%, respectively. Moreover, GA inoculation significantly decreased the shoot As concentration and uptake, thereby increasing the uptake ratio of P to As in both ‘NC297’ and ‘KRK26’ plants. Principal component and correlation analyses identified that P and As showed a co-directional change in the absorption process. As absorption was positively correlated with S availability. Soil pH was negatively correlated with plant P uptake(r=-0.50, P < 0.05), S uptake(r=-0.43), As uptake(r=-0.38), soil available P(r=-0.48, P < 0.05) and available S content(r=-0.54, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combined application of PG and AMF (Especially for GA) can promote the absorption of P and S by tobacco to a certain extent and inhibit the accumulation of As, with the most pronounced effects observed in the ‘KRK26’ variety. Soil pH plays a key role in element bioavailability, and further analysis confirms a synergistic interaction among P, S, and As during plant uptake. These findings provide a reliable practical solution for the safe and sustainable use of PG in agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method to encapsulate polydeoxyribonucleotides extracted from trout into exosomes and applications in skin recovery.","authors":"Yunhee Chang, Jun-Young Park, Dasom Hwang, Min Tae Kim, Seyeon Yoon, Seung-Hak Cho","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01131-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01131-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), a DNA polymer derived from salmonid tissue, is widely used in regenerative dermatology but its topical application is limited by poor stability and delivery efficiency. Exosomes, nanoscale vesicles with high cellular uptake and low immunogenicity, offer a promising platform for nucleic acid protection and targeted delivery. In this study, we developed an electroporation-based method to load fragmented PDRN into HaCaT-derived exosomes for enhanced skin regeneration. PDRN was extracted, ultrasonically fragmented to < 200 bp, and encapsulated into exosomes using optimized electroporation parameters. Exosome integrity and size distribution were confirmed by nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Functional activity was evaluated using wound-healing scratch assays and RT-qPCR of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) and regeneration-associated (COL1A1, MMP2) genes. PDRN-loaded exosomes significantly accelerated wound closure and exhibited superior anti-inflammatory effects compared with exosome-only and PDRN-only controls in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels were markedly reduced, while COL1A1 and MMP2 expression were significantly increased at 200 ng, indicating activation of extracellular matrix remodeling pathways. These findings demonstrate that exosome-encapsulated PDRN delivery via electroporation enhances DNA stability and regenerative efficacy without compromising vesicle structure, highlighting its potential as an advanced cosmetic and therapeutic platform for skin repair. Therefore, clinical trials are needed to develop cosmetics or therapeutics using exosome-encapsulated PDRN in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking the barrier of interspecific recalcitrance: a unified and efficient in vitro conservation system for Passiflora germplasm.","authors":"Wenting Xing, Dongmei Huang, Bin Wu, Funing Ma, Haijie Huang, Shun Song, Yi Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01123-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01123-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND : Passiflora germplasm, characterized by rich genetic diversity, play a pivotal role in the evolutionary history of tropical crops. With the expansion of commercial passion fruit cultivation, germplasm conservation faces multiple challenges. Establishing efficient in vitro preservation systems is crucial for protecting the crop’s genetic diversity, ensuring a stable supply of breeding materials, and supporting sustainable industry development. RESULTS: This study achieves dual breakthroughs in the field of Passiflora in vitro conservation. First, a unified induction protocol was developed, enabling synchronized regulation of axillary bud induction and clustered shoot proliferation across five genetically divergent Passiflora species including edible, ornamental, and medicinal types. This breakthrough overcomes the prevalent interspecific recalcitrance that plagues in vitro culture of multiple species. The optimal conditions for axillary bud induction were identified as MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 0.03 mg/L Zeatin (ZT), and 0.05 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). A modified MS-based subculture medium containing 1.75 mg/L 6-BA with the same ZT/IBA ratio achieved efficient proliferation of shoots. Second, a high-efficiency soil substrate conservation system was established for long-term conservation. Through periodic MS nutrient supplementation, the survival rate of all species exceeded 67% after 180 days conservation, with the edible species Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa (yellow passion fruit) maintaining a survival rate at 66.1% even after 545 days. This represents a 4-fold extension of longevity compared to the traditional agar-based method, where all specimens died within 90 days. CONCLUSIONS: This technical system is simple, easy to operate, and highly efficient. It marks the first establishment of a reliable in vitro conservation method for Passiflora and provides a reference solution for the long-term in vitro conservation of clonally propagated crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13112651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ononin-modified Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate hydrogel-loaded adipose-derived stem cells promote the repair of diabetic wounds in rats.","authors":"Fang Xu, Jian-Chao Peng, Yi-Ling Li, Zhi-Xin Huang, Meng-Jun Teng, Cui-Liu Gan, Ting Liao","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01135-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01135-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mechanistic synergy of an ononin-modified chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (CS/β-GP) hydrogel loaded with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in repairing diabetic wounds (DWs). We specifically aimed to determine if ononin could biochemically remodel the hostile diabetic microenvironment to enhance ADSCs survival and potency. METHODS: Primary rat ADSCs were characterized by flow cytometry. A thermosensitive CS/β-GP hydrogel was fabricated, and its microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). he biological response of ADSCs to ononin was assessed via CCK-8, scratch assays and Live/Dead staining to identify the optimal concentration. A diabetic wound model in rats was established, with all rats randomly assigned into five groups: Control, model, ononin (On), ADSCs, and ononin+ADSCs (On+ADSCs). Wound healing rates were recorded at days 0, 4, 8, and 12 post-treatment. At 12th day, the synergistic impact of ononin and ADSCs on the wound microenvironment was evaluated by measuring healing rates, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Additionally, the cumulative release profiles of IGF-1, VEGF, and TGF-β3 from the hydrogel-loaded ADSCs were monitored over 96 h, fitting a Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model to characterize the sustained release behavior. Histopathological evaluation, immunohistochemistry for CD31, collagen I, and α-SMA, and Western blot analysis for VEGF, VEGFR2, and CD31 were performed for mechanistic exploration. RESULTS: SEM confirmed a three-dimensional interconnected porous microstructure of the CS/β-GP hydrogel, providing a biomimetic scaffold for cell retention. 20µM ononin significantly promoted ADSCs proliferation and migration without observable cytotoxicity (P < 0.05). The Ononin release profile from the hydrogel followed a sustained release pattern, in accordance with the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The hydrogel demonstrated sustained release of both Ononin and ADSCs-derived growth factors. Notably, ononin acted as a biochemical modifier that enhanced the paracrine activity of ADSCs. Compared with the model group, the On+ADSCs group exhibited the most significant acceleration in wound closure, re-epithelialization, and collagen deposition. This was accompanied by a robust suppression of inflammatory cytokines and a marked upregulation of CD31, collagen I, and α-SMA. Mechanistically, the combination therapy potently activated the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling axis, significantly outperforming monotherapies (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ononin-modified CS/β-GP hydrogel effectively promotes diabetic wound healing by optimizing the inflammatory microenvironment and amplifying ADSCs-mediated angiogenesis through the VEGF/VEGFR2 axis. This composite biomaterial represents a promising strategy for chronic wound management.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13101257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147455476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"p53 mediated cell cytotoxicity and DNA damage in lung cancer cell line A549 triggered by a small peptide extracted from a probiotic strain Lacticaseibacillus casei.","authors":"Jannatul Firdous Siddique, G R Shree Kumari, Sudarshana Deepa Vijay Kumar, C Subathra Devi, Mohanasrinivasan Vaithilingam","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01119-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01119-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial peptides are being explored as anticancer agents due to their selectivity toward transformed cells. We evaluated a small peptide from Lacticaseibacillus casei for anti-proliferative effects on A549 lung cancer cells and investigated apoptosis-related mechanisms in vitro. METHODS: Cell viability was assessed by MTT. Apoptosis-associated morphology was examined by AO/EB staining, DNA fragmentation by agarose gel electrophoresis, and gene expression by qRT-PCR (p53, BAX, BCL-2, CASP8, CASP7, CASP3). RESULTS: The peptide reduced A549 viability in a dose-dependent manner relative to L929 cells. AO/EB staining revealed early apoptotic nuclear morphology, and DNA fragmentation was observed. qRT-PCR showed increased p53 and BAX, increased CASP8, downregulation of CASP7, and no significant change in CASP3. CONCLUSIONS: Data support apoptosis that is predominantly p53/BAX-driven with limited effector caspase engagement. As per experimental evidence of the study, the peptide from Lacticaseibacillus casei has the potential to inhibit the proliferation of Lung cancer cell line A549.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13101141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147455441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An in vitro slow-growth callus conservation strategy for several medicinal plants using response surface methodology and machine learning.","authors":"Ye-Won Kim, Han-Sol Lee, Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy, Hyoshin Lee, So-Young Park","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01129-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01129-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: In vitro culture of callus is an effective method for conserving the genetic resources of economically important crops. However, continuous subculturing is a costly and labor-intensive process. Therefore, establishing an efficient in vitro long-term conservation system applicable to various plant species is required. In this study, calli derived from five medicinal plant species, Camellia japonica (Cj), Centella asiatica (Ca), Ligusticum afficinale (Lo), Panax ginseng (Pg), and Sageratia thea (St) were used to optimize storage conditions and establish a suitable in vitro conservation strategy. Calli cultures were maintained on the appropriate culture medium at 5 °C for 120 days. Cell viability and regrowth rate were assessed during the storage period, and correlations between growth and antioxidant traits were examined. Subsequently, pretreatment optimization using sucrose (3–9%), MeJA (0-200 µM), and CTR (0–20 mg/L) was performed using RSM, and the effects of pretreatment and storage temperature on callus conservation were evaluated. In addition, machine learning models such as GRNN, MLP, RF, SVR, and XGBoost were applied to the experimental data. RESULTS: The findings demonstrated that, in comparison to Ca and St, Lo, Pg, and Cj exhibited noticeably higher antioxidant capacity while maintaining high cell viability and regrowth rates. Interestingly, Ca and St drastically decreased viability and regrowth after 60 days, whereas Lo, Pg, and Cj maintained viability and regeneration for up to 90 days. Both TPC and AC (measured by FRAP assay) showed a high positive correlation with cell viability and growth rate, according to correlation analysis. RSM predicted that the optimal pretreatment medium for enhancing antioxidant capacity was the species-specific proliferation medium supplemented with 3% sucrose, 135 µM MeJA, and 20 mg/L CTR, while the highest TSSC was achieved using the species-specific proliferation medium supplemented with 9% sucrose and 200 µM MeJA. When the storage temperature was set to 15 °C following the antioxidant-enhancing pretreatment derived from the RSM optimization, all five species showed improved cell viability and regrowth rates, among the storage methods. Among the ML models tested, XGBoost demonstrated the most stable and accurate predictive performance for both viability and regrowth during in vitro conservation. SHAP-based analysis of the XGBoost model, focusing on regrowth rate, revealed that storage duration was the most influential factor affecting regrowth prediction, followed by storage temperature, while pretreatment conditions showed secondary but meaningful contributions. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that long-term callus conservation is closely associated with AC and TPC. Medium supplemented with sucrose 3%, 135 µM MeJA, and 20 mg/L CTR, followed by storage at 15 °C, significantly improved viability and regrowth, and calli could be maintained up to 120 days without subculturing. This a","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13097811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147442369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting laccase production by Penicillium commune s6 via solid-state fermentation on phenolic agri-wastes: statistical enhancement and bioremediation application in dye decolorization.","authors":"Mohamed Abdelraof, Ghada S A Abdel Karim, Alshaimaa M Elsayed, Abdelmageed M Othman","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01108-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01108-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biological approaches, which involve applying the entire microbial cell or its released enzymes, provide an effective substitute for traditional techniques. By employing statistical optimization methodologies, key fermentation parameters can be precisely tuned to maximize enzyme yield.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Penicillium commune S6, a fungal isolate useful for laccase synthesis in solid-state fermentation employing a variety of phenolic-rich agri-food wastes, was identified by 18 S rRNA sequencing. By applying potato peel waste as solid-state fermentation substrate for 30 days of incubation at 30 °C, pH 8.0, 60% moisture content, and 4 mM CuSO₄ using the inoculum size of 7.5%, P. commune S6 reached its maximal laccase production level, as determined by the one factor at a time (OFAT) technique. Laccase production would reach 6.20 U/gds at 2.71 mM CuSO₄, 46 days of incubation, 12.64 g/flask of PPW content, and pH 9.13, according to response surface methodology (RSM) results. The laccase production levels predicted by the model and the actual experimental data showed a very good agreement, as indicated by the ANOVA analysis. P. commune S6 laccase was evaluated as a green alternative in dye decolorization, where it was found to be able to decolorize the Acid Dye Lanapel Red BM 143-PL at concentrations of 10, 25, and 50 mg L^- 1 by 100, 64.08, and 36.86% after 120 min, which suggest that P. commune S6 laccase is likely useful in the biotechnological and industrial uses under milder circumstances.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integrated approach not only valorizes low-cost agro-industrial byproducts but also provides a robust, eco-friendly biocatalyst for wastewater treatment, highlighting a promising circular economy strategy for textile effluent detoxification.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13063652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyurethane nanofibrous scaffolds for wound repair: from electrospinning fabrication to biological performance evaluation.","authors":"A Shaker, Sara K Tawfiq, Amal E Alshorbagy, Mohamed T Selim","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01114-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01114-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents the electrospinning fabrication of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibrous scaffolds with two fiber architectures; randomly oriented and unidirectionally aligned incorporating olive oil and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) to enhance biomedical performance. Both scaffold types exhibited robust antibacterial activity: randomly oriented TPU/CuO mats produced inhibition zones of 33.0 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 19.46 mm against Escherichia coli, whereas aligned mats showed a slight reduction to a 31.0 mm zone against S. aureus. Cytocompatibility assays using HFB4 fibroblasts demonstrated low cytotoxicity, with cell viability rates of 86% for randomly oriented fibers and 96.25% for aligned fibers. Whole-blood clotting tests confirmed rapid hemostatic action in both orientations, underscoring their capacity to promote blood coagulation. Collectively, these multifunctional TPU/CuO/olive oil nanofibrous membranes combine controlled fiber orientation with bioactive filler incorporation to deliver enhanced antimicrobial efficacy, superior cell compatibility, and effective hemostatic properties that position them as promising candidates for next-generation wound-healing dressings.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13063895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}