BMC Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"In vitro and in silico analysis of the fungicidal potential of secondary metabolites from a bacterial endophyte against Botrytis cinerea.","authors":"Pfariso Maumela, Mahloro Hope Serepa-Dlamini","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01117-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01117-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Bacterial endophytes are a rich source for the bioprospection of chemical compounds with biological activities for application as bio-fungicides. The potential fungicidal activity of secondary metabolites from Bacillus MHSD_36 was evaluated in vitro and in silico against Botrytis cinerea. RESULTS: The secondary metabolites showed both spore germination and mycelial growth inhibition against B. cinerea. In silico analysis confirmed the presence of gene clusters involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, from terpenes, beta-lactams and nonribosomal peptides classes, with antimicrobial activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry putatively identified secondary metabolites mainly composed of metabolites from the terpenoids and oligopeptide classes. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis revealed that the identified secondary metabolites exhibited a strong binding affinity towards B. cinerea pathogenicity factors, including aspartic protease, cutinase, lipase, and pectin methyltransferase. The strongest binding affinity (-6.644 kcal/mol) was observed towards aspartic protease, which was greater than the highest binding affinity (-4.783 kcal/mol) with a commercially used synthetic fungicide, captan. The annotated metabolites had a low predicted acute toxicity. CONCLUSION: Therefore, secondary metabolites from Bacillus MHSD_36 are composed of compounds with potential fungicidal activity against B. cinerea.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13032245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146776019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untargeted GC-MS metabolic profiling of Eurotium chevalieri AUMC 16390 (PX498623) reveals a putative steroidal metabolite with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potential.","authors":"O M O El-Maghraby, Kaoud Salama, M S Youssef, M Marwa Abdel-Kareem, A Randa Fathy","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01104-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01104-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: This study investigated the exometabolome bioactive metabolites produced by Eurotium chevalieri AUMC 16,390 (accession number PX498623), a strain identified through ITS rDNA sequencing with 100% identity. The aim was to characterize its chemical profile and evaluate the biological activities of its major constituents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Metabolites present in the crude extract were analyzed using GC–MS, and ten major compounds were detected, spanning esters, diketones, terpenoids, and halogenated hydrocarbons. A predominant putative steroid-like metabolite, tentatively identified as 12-hydroxy-(5α,12β)-androstane-3,17-dione, accounted for 35.79% of the extract. Antibacterial activity of the crude extract was assessed against multiple bacterial strains. To elucidate potential mechanisms, molecular docking studies were conducted targeting enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (FabI). Additionally, the anti-inflammatory potential of the major steroidal compound was examined via predicted interactions with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties were evaluated using SwissADME. RESULTS: The crude extract demonstrated broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Docking analysis revealed favorable binding affinities of the major steroid-like metabolite toward FabI, supporting its potential antibacterial mechanism. The compound also showed high predicted affinity for the GR, suggesting possible anti-inflammatory activity. SwissADME results indicated acceptable drug-likeness features and favorable oral bioavailability parameters. CONCLUSION: Eurotium chevalieri AUMC 16,390 represents a promising source of bioactive fungal metabolites. The major putative steroidal component exhibits strong potential as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent, providing a foundation for future experimental validation and development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12934079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146775958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivation strategy optimisation for NK-92 cell line expansion in static conditions.","authors":"Valentin von Werz, Aleksander Szarzynski, Gregor Mattert, Sara Zigon-Branc, Werner Dammermann, Oliver Spadiut","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01116-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01116-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Natural killer cells play a critical role in innate immunity by targeting and eliminating cancerous and infected cells. The cell line NK-92, currently used in several clinical trials, has shown great potential in cancer immunotherapy due to strong cytotoxic capabilities and suitability as an off-the-shelf therapy. However, effective clinical application of NK-92 therapies requires optimised cell culture conditions, including cultivation medium composition and expansion methods. This study aimed at identifying optimal cultivation medium formulations and intensifying NK-92 cell expansion by systematically evaluating critical quality attributes and key performance indicators. RESULTS: We screened various cultivation media formulations, including alpha minimum essential medium, Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium, and stem cell growth medium, supplemented with either human serum, fetal bovine serum, chemically defined serum replacement, and a combination of fetal bovine serum and horse serum. Cells cultivated in alpha minimum essential medium supplemented with human serum significantly outperformed the other formulations, achieving the highest growth rate, maximum viable cell count, and superior cytotoxicity at high cost-efficiency. Media containing chemically defined serum replacement showed reduced cell proliferation despite high cytotoxicity per cell, indicating a complex balance between cell quantity and functionality. Following cultivation medium selection, cultivation strategies including batch, fed-batch, and repetitive batch were compared. The repetitive batch method, where cultivation medium is replenished repeatedly throughout the cultivation, demonstrated superior expansion capability, long-term cell viability, significantly improved cytotoxicity, although associated with higher medium consumption and thus costs. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified alpha minimum essential medium supplemented with human serum in repetitive batch cultivation as the optimal approach for NK-92 cell expansion. This combination enhances cell growth, viability, and cytotoxicity, meeting essential clinical quality attributes while maintaining cost-effectiveness. These findings provide valuable guidance and should act as a baseline for consistent, scalable, and commercially viable production of NK cell-based cancer therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12997954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146224862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CyanoConstruct: simple platform for cyanobacterial expression construct assembly and translational tuning.","authors":"Orion M Venero, Roland Ndeh, Andrew Pan, Pekka Patrikainen, Malin Eriksson, Amir Akhgari, Lauri Kakko, Daria Nedorezova, Osama Mohamed, Lia Thomson, Ann Bonde, Niina Kelanne, Eva-Mari Aro, Katarzyna P Adamala, Pauli Kallio","doi":"10.1186/s12896-025-01098-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-025-01098-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Despite the advances in synthetic biology, the construction of efficient and balanced artificial pathways remains challenging and a general bottleneck in bacterial strain development. Although translational tuning can be applied for balancing consecutive catalytic steps at protein expression level, the potential remains underexplored in cyanobacterial engineering. To complement existing modular cloning systems for this purpose the objective here was to simplify the construct assembly procedure to make translational tuning more accessible for expression optimization in cyanobacteria. RESULTS: This study describes the design and use of a one-pot DNA construct assembly system (CyanoConstruct) for the generation transformation-ready multi-gene expression plasmids in a single Golden Gate reaction. This approach allows the user to select the ribosome binding site element (RBS) for each target gene, thus serving as a tool for independently modulating the translation efficiency of the individual overexpressed enzymes. For easy adaptation, a custom online tool ( www.cyanoconstruct.com ) guides the sequence design of new compatible parts and the assembly of constructs from user-specified parts in silico. We demonstrate the use of the system by assembling different two-gene and three-gene expression constructs from parts selected specifically for optimal performance in Synechocystis sp PCC 6803; the constructs functioned as intended in vivo and showed different pathway fluxes construed by alternative RBS combinations. The efficiency and specificity of the assembly were shown to be high, enabling the generation of the final expression plasmids from the library parts in one assembly cycle. CONCLUSIONS: CyanoConstruct offers a simple strategy for building bacterial operon-based expression constructs, specifically facilitating the use of modular cloning systems for RBS optimization in routine cyanobacterial engineering. With the help of the web-based design tool that also serves as a sequence repository, the part library described in this work (https://www.addgene.org/browse/article/28263931/) can be easily expanded with user-specified sequences. By increasing the throughput for generating pathway variants with different translational patterns, the system is expected to advance the design of more efficient strains with higher flux to the desired end-product, thereby contributing to the development of next-generation biotechnologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13041217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146206454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A TXNIP-driven bioluminescent reporter for high-throughput discovery of glycolytic inhibitors against renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Yajie Jing, Wanlu Liu, Hancheng Qin, Zhihong Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01111-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01111-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) has demonstrated consistent preclinical antitumor efficacy; however, the discovery of novel 2-DG-like agents for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains challenging due to the lack of specific, high-throughput screening (HTS) tools. In this study, RNA-seq analysis identified Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) as a gene markedly upregulated by 2-DG in A498 RCC cells. We further confirmed that 2-DG transcriptionally upregulates the expression of both TXNIP and its transcription factor, MLX-interacting protein (MLXIP). Leveraging this mechanism, we engineered a bioluminescent reporter system by constructing a TXNIP promoter-driven luciferase construct (TXNIP-Pro-Luc2) and generating a stable A498-TXNIP-Pro-Luc2 cell line. In this system, 2-DG and its functional analogs activate the TXNIP promoter, resulting in a concentration-dependent increase in bioluminescence that serves as a direct functional readout for 2-DG-like activity. Collectively, we developed a novel reporter system based on the MLXIP/TXNIP pathway, which shows promise as a high-throughput screening platform for identifying glycolysis-targeting anti-RCC drug candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13011687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wheat transcriptome changes in response to the black stem rust pathogen (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici).","authors":"Sakine Sokhtanlo, Nasrin Moshtaghi, Abdolreza Bagheri, Ahmad Sharifi, Sonia Jodeir","doi":"10.1186/s12896-025-01073-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-025-01073-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wheat is a crucial staple crop worldwide, playing an essential role in global food security. Among cereal rust pathogens, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) is particularly devastating to wheat cultivation, often causing severe yield losses. The rapid evolution of Pgt populations limits the genetic resistance of wheat and complicates disease management strategies. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying infection and susceptibility can provide new approaches for enhancing crop resistance through genetic manipulation of disease susceptibility. In this context, transcriptome analysis of wheat plants in response to rust infection, under both compatible and incompatible interactions, can help identify key genes and biochemical pathways involved in disease resistance or susceptibility. This study aimed to investigate changes in gene expression and identify key genes of wheat involved in the interaction with wheat stem rust by analyzing genetic responses in a rust-susceptible wheat variety. The results revealed that genes involved in signaling pathways, pathogen resistance, and stress responses were significantly down-regulated, while genes associated with photosynthetic pathways, oxidoreductase activity, and energy production were highly up-regulated. Expression analysis using qRT-PCR showed that among the genes responsible for the production of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPX) in infected plants, SOD was down-regulated, GPX was up-regulated, and no change in the expression of the CAT gene was observed. The authors suggested that the observed discrepancy between transcriptional and protein levels highlights the complexity of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolic pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13005552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146177582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a novel fusion tag system for enhanced soluble expression of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli.","authors":"Li-Zhen Luo, Jian-Tao Cai, Zi-Ying Tan, Yu-Qing Chen, Zhe Hu, Hai-Hong Wang, Wen-Bin Zhang, Jin-Cheng Ma","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01109-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01109-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Escherichia coli expression system is widely used for recombinant protein production, but its utility is often limited by the formation of insoluble inclusion bodies. Although fusion tags can enhance solubility, their effectiveness varies unpredictably across different target proteins, and the optimal tag must typically be determined empirically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We developed a standardized set of pX fusion tag vector system for the high-throughput screening of soluble protein expression in E. coli. This system consists of eight medium-sized, TEV-cleavable fusion tags (ArsC, Crr, DsbA, Ecotin, MsyB, SlyD, Snut, and YjgD) cloned into a standardized pET-28b(+) backbone. We systematically evaluated the impact of these tags on the solubility and function of three model proteins (eGFP, EcFabG, and Mals) and six proteins known to be challenging to express in E. coli (PulA, NodE, FabF1XL, FabF2XL, FabZXL, and FabGXL). Our results demonstrated that the efficacy of each tag was highly protein-dependent. Notably, tags such as MsyB and Snut dramatically increased the soluble proportion of eGFP from 15% to over 85%, while the SlyD tag significantly enhanced both the solubility and activity of Mals. For several difficult-to-express proteins, soluble expression was only achieved with specific tags, highlighting the critical importance of tag selection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study presents a versatile and efficient parallel cloning and screening system for the rapid production of soluble recombinant proteins. By enabling parallel screening of multiple fusion partners, this system facilitates the identification of optimal conditions for enhancing protein solubility and function, thereby addressing a key bottleneck in recombinant protein applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13005367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146177396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forsythiaside A inhibits the progression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma partially via suppressing oxidative stress-induced hepatic stellate cell activation and macrophage polarization.","authors":"Shiyu Zhang, Fan Du, Ye Liao, Chuyu Zhang, Meixia Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01106-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01106-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly malignant tumor. Forsythiaside A (FA) has been proven to have a significant anti-hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation effect. However, its specific mechanism of action against ICC remains unclear. METHODS: The subcutaneous tumor-bearing model of ICC in C57BL/6 mice was established, and the animals were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 24/group). The control group was injected with normal saline, and the H₂O₂ group was injected with normal saline containing 40 µg of H₂O₂. The low/medium/high-dose FA groups were respectively injected with normal saline containing 40 µg H₂O₂+20/40/80 mg/kg FA, respectively. HSCs were isolated from the liver tissue of the mice, and primary tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were isolated from tumor tissues. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8. Protein expression was analyzed by Western blot. The ROS level was detected by DCFH-DA staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by flow cytometry combined with JC-1 staining. The activity of mitochondrial ATP synthesis was detected by luciferase luminescence method. Macrophages and endothelial cells were simultaneously labeled by immunohistochemical double staining to evaluate the density of the tumor metastasis microenvironment. The expression of Mena invasion (MenaINV) was detected by immunofluorescence staining. In addition, the mechanism of action of FA in the treatment of ICC was analyzed through network pharmacology. RESULTS: FA inhibited the proliferation of HSCs induced by H₂O₂ and the expression levels of activation markers Wnt5a, α-SMA, and COL1A1 in a dose-dependent manner. FA attenuated the mitochondrial dysfunction of HSCs induced by H₂O, and simultaneously upregulated the expressions of PGC1α, TFAM, MFN2, and OPA1 while reducing the expression of DRP1. H₂O₂ promoted the expression of M2 polarization markers CD200R and CCL22 in macrophages, and increased the density of TMEM and the rate of MenaINV positive cells. FA intervention reversed these effects in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, FA repressed the activation of TGF-β/Smad pathway, PI3K/Akt pathway and HIF-α pathway in HSCs. CONCLUSION: FA exerts anti-ICC effects, at least partially, by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced HSCs activation and macrophage M2 polarization, providing a new potential strategy for ICC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12983751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146155926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berberine-ZnO loaded chitosan nanoparticles inhibits biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 through targeting extracellular polymeric substances.","authors":"Fatemeh Esnaashari, Fatemeh Azizi Alidoust, Nastaran Jafari, Mohebat Ghasemi, Fatemeh Asadi Rahmani, Sara Sedaghat Safsari, Hossein Zahmatkesh","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01103-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01103-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Biofilm formation is an important strategy for coping with antimicrobial agents and worsening bacterial infections. In this investigation, we synthesized berberine-zinc oxide-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CS-ZnO-Ber NPs) and explored their potential as anti-biofilm agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. RESULTS: CS-ZnO-Ber NPs exhibited an amorphous structure with particle sizes ranging from 34.7 to 407.7 nm and a zeta potential of − 38.5 mV. The biofilm inhibitory activity of the fabricated NPs was validated using a crystal violet staining assay. Based on the SEM imaging, cells treated with NPs displayed thin biofilms with low aggregation, whereas the untreated group exhibited robust biofilms with dense architecture. Moreover, at sub-inhibitory concentration of CS-ZnO-Ber NPs, the production levels of extracellular matrix components, including exopolysaccharides, pellicle, and alginate, decreased by 92.81 ± 0.84%, 81.45 ± 3.1%, and 31.74 ± 2.91%, respectively. Additionally, exposure to CS-ZnO-Ber NPs resulted in a significant reduction in pyocyanin production and attenuation of bacterial motility, including swimming, swarming, and twitching. CS-ZnO NPs and CS-ZnO-Ber NPs also decreased the EtBr MIC four-fold and eight-fold, respectively, indicating their efflux pump–inhibitory activity. Furthermore, molecular docking simulations revealed a favorable binding orientation of berberine with biofilm-associated proteins (AlgD, PelD, and PslG), as well as with quorum-sensing regulators LasI and LasR. CONCLUSION: Overall, CS-ZnO-Ber NPs substantially diminished extracellular matrix components, leading to the formation of weak and unstable biofilms. Pending further investigation, these findings suggest that CS-ZnO-Ber NPs hold promise as effective agents for controlling biofilm-related infections caused by P. aeruginosa.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12958632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a nanoemulsion incorporating 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA): solubility and oral bioavailability through in vitro and in vivo studies.","authors":"Najmeh Ketabchi, Seyed Nasser Ostad, Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari, Hossein Ghanbari, Fariba Esmaeili, Amir Amani","doi":"10.1186/s12896-026-01099-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-026-01099-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>3-Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) has attracted considerable interest due to its therapeutic potential against inflammatory and cancer-related disorders. However, its poor oral bioavailability remains a critical limitation for clinical application. This study aimed to enhance the bioavailability of AKBA by developing a nanoemulsion (NE)-based delivery system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several NE formulations were optimized and characterized based on drug loading, stability, and droplet size. The optimized NE-AKBA showed a droplet size of 12-15 nm, a low polydispersity index, and a zeta potential of - 14.5 mV. Permeability studies revealed significantly improved transport of NE-AKBA across Caco-2 monolayers within the first hour. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed a notable increase in systemic exposure: C_max increased from 3.36 to 12.23 µg/mL and AUC_0 - t increased from 40.9 to 72.1 µg·h/mL, while T_max remained unchanged at 6 h, indicating an enhanced extent of absorption without alteration of absorption kinetics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that nanoemulsion-based delivery significantly improves the oral bioavailability of AKBA and provides a promising platform for its future therapeutic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13014724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}