{"title":"Androids for the Stone Age?: Individuality, Space, and Gender in Murata Sayaka's Convenience Store Woman = 縄文時代のアンドロイド?村田沙耶香の『コンビニ人間』における個性、空間、ジェンダー","authors":"Ronald Saladin","doi":"10.1353/jwj.2022.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwj.2022.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Murata Sayaka's award-winning novel Convenience Store Woman (Konbini ningen, 2016) tells the story of a protagonist who struggles to find her place in society. When she starts working at a convenience store, she finds a space that allows her to be an integrated part of society for the first time in her life. This article explores how Murata uses her story to analyze and criticize contemporary Japanese society. Discussing how the author addresses gender constructions, social conventions, and the meaning of work and the workplace, as well as the position of the individual within society, this article examines how the convenience store is constructed as an agent of socialization and a \"holy space\" that allows for the genesis of a new species, the \"convenience store people\" (konbini ningen).","PeriodicalId":88338,"journal":{"name":"U.S.-Japan women's journal. English supplement = Nichi-Bei josei janaru. English supplement","volume":"23 1","pages":"119 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81376807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Raising Awareness of Cassandra Syndrome through Manga: Nonami Tsuna's My Husband, Akira, Has Asperger's Syndrome / 漫画で語るカサンドラ症候群:野波ツナの「旦那(アキラ)さんはアス ペルガー」","authors":"Yoshiko Okuyama","doi":"10.1353/jwj.2021.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwj.2021.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article features an interview with Nonami Tsuna, author of the popular manga series, My Husband, Akira, Has Asperger's Syndrome (Akira-san wa asuperugā). The series highlights how a woman named Tsuna's mental health is negatively affected by her husband's Asperger's syndrome. This article introduces readers to a condition known as Cassandra syndrome and discusses how Nonami decided to illustrate it in her manga. Cassandra syndrome began to attract public attention in the 2010s, around the same time as Nonami's manga was published. My article sheds light on how social expectations of \"self-sacrifice\" on the part of wives, mothers, and daughters make them susceptible to Cassandra syndrome if they have a close relationship with someone who has Asperger's. Thanks in part to Nonami's series, an increasing number of manga about Asperger's have raised awareness of mental health conditions. Here, I use the word \"tōjisha\" to refer to people who have experienced mental disorders and similarly stigmatized psychological conditions and neurological disorders. I argue that an emerging group of graphic memoirs authored by tōjisha, which I call \"tōjisha manga,\" deserves international scholarly attention.","PeriodicalId":88338,"journal":{"name":"U.S.-Japan women's journal. English supplement = Nichi-Bei josei janaru. English supplement","volume":"49 1","pages":"111 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83071819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Yosano Akiko in Belle Époque Paris / ベル・エポックのパリの与謝野晶子","authors":"Scott Mehl","doi":"10.1353/jwj.2021.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwj.2021.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Yosano Akiko (1878–1942), a significant modern Japanese poet, spent some five months in Europe in 1912. While she was in Paris, her presence in the city caused such a stir among Japanese expatriates that several French newspapers ran articles about her. In the main, those articles depicted Akiko as a feminist inasmuch as they quoted her views on the situations of women in France and Japan. The last of those articles, which appeared in Les Annales politiques et littéraires, a weekly magazine, included an introduction explaining Akiko's importance by the article's author, Léon Faraut (dates unknown). That introductory matter presented a handful of French translations of Akiko's verse, both tanka and shintaishi (new-style poetry)—some of the earliest European-language renderings of her work. The present article is a translation of Faraut's article, following a short preface.","PeriodicalId":88338,"journal":{"name":"U.S.-Japan women's journal. English supplement = Nichi-Bei josei janaru. English supplement","volume":"1 1","pages":"1 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89256089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wound as Allegory: Forced Incestuous Rape on the Battlefield and Takeda Taijun's Androcentric Sekai / アレゴリーとしての傷:戦場における近親レイプと武田泰淳の男性中心 的「世界」","authors":"Junliang Huang","doi":"10.1353/jwj.2021.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwj.2021.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article takes up the underdiscussed issue of forced incestuous rape, an act of violence and spectacle of sadism that is frequently seen in warfare. It offers an in-depth analysis of the postwar Japanese writer Takeda Taijun's 1956 short story \"F**k Your Mother!\" (Nanji no haha o!) by looking into the power dynamics in a rape forced between a Chinese woman and her son by Japanese imperial soldiers that the narrator of the story witnessed years before. After scrutinizing the evocative gender division in the moral crisis that the writer imagines the two victims facing during the rape, this article points out how Takeda ends up reinforcing a patriarchal structure that promises redemption for the humiliated man but sees the woman's mutilated body as nothing but waste excreted by the organic sekai (world). In such a world, since the man's ruination only means a transfer of energy from one man to another, destruction is idealized and shifted away from the ruins that communicate the possibilities of history. The article calls for a revisiting of women's unnamable wounds for a response to the decay of an existing paradigm such as Takeda's sekai.","PeriodicalId":88338,"journal":{"name":"U.S.-Japan women's journal. English supplement = Nichi-Bei josei janaru. English supplement","volume":"1 1","pages":"31 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76486191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Painful Connections: The \"Making\" of the #KuToo Online Feminist Movement in Japan / 苦痛なつながり:日本における#KuTooオンラインフェミニスト運動の 「形成」","authors":"Leng Junxiao","doi":"10.1353/jwj.2021.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwj.2021.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:With the prevalence of social media among women, online feminist movements are gaining momentum in Japan; yet their formation, development, and impact still need to be explored. This article studies #KuToo, an online feminist movement sparked by a tweet complaining about compulsory wearing of high heels in Japanese workplaces. By analyzing the cultural, media, and political factors behind #KuToo's development, this study explains how the movement is able to achieve online influence. Based on digital ethnography, participant observation, and semistructured in-depth interviews, three factors are found behind #KuToo's popularity: (1) its cultural resistance against patriarchal workplace norms based on shared personalized experiences of foot pain, (2) the formation of a loosely connected but functioning connective feminist community against a predominantly male backlash, and (3) an alliance with opposition political parties. Cross-reading Lance Bennett and Alexandra Segerberg's connective action theory and Pierre Bourdieu's discussion of habitus, this article argues that while #KuToo has created meaningful social connections to challenge high heels as a rigid workplace habitus through its cultural persuasiveness, media savvy, and political alliance, ample evidence shows that both #KuToo activists and supporters suffer from painful connections with an exploitative working culture, a violent social media backlash, and distant political parties.","PeriodicalId":88338,"journal":{"name":"U.S.-Japan women's journal. English supplement = Nichi-Bei josei janaru. English supplement","volume":"11 1","pages":"52 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91046178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Poems of Shinkawa Kazue","authors":"Shinkawa Takako Kazue, Takako Lento","doi":"10.1353/jwj.2021.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwj.2021.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This collection features translations of five poems by Shinkawa Kazue (b. 1929) that span the 1960s through the 2010s. The poems represent Shinkawa's powerful poetic voice, delivered through rhythms built with the succinct and liberating use of ordinary speech. Her poetic world is firmly rooted in reality, but open to the unfathomable depths of dreams, or of another world. Even when she seems openly personal, she leads the reader far beyond the particular experience, into truths about all humanity. This rare quality allows her poetry to transcend the worldly and approach cosmic truth.","PeriodicalId":88338,"journal":{"name":"U.S.-Japan women's journal. English supplement = Nichi-Bei josei janaru. English supplement","volume":"149 5 1","pages":"115 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75746362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"My Encounter with Women's Studies","authors":"Noriko Mizuta, Bo Tao","doi":"10.1353/jwj.2021.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwj.2021.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:We offer an annotated translation of the first part of Mizuta Noriko's personal book, My Encounter with Women's Studies (Joseigaku to no deai, 2004). In these poignant chapters, written in an accessible and frank tone, Mizuta reminisces about her academic studies in Tokyo in the 1950s, her formative years as a graduate student at Yale University in the 1960s, her early years of teaching through the 1970s, and her role in founding Women's Studies in the United States and Japan. Mizuta's study at Yale University and her first jobs teaching Japanese and comparative literature encouraged her to reflect on what it meant to be a woman and a foreigner in 1960s America. The translator explains the history of Japanese female students at Yale University through the 1960s to better contextualize Mizuta's vivid description of women's roles on campus.","PeriodicalId":88338,"journal":{"name":"U.S.-Japan women's journal. English supplement = Nichi-Bei josei janaru. English supplement","volume":"37 1","pages":"63 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86096276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remembering Okei (1852–1871): Daughter of Aizu, Pioneer of Gold Hill","authors":"Kristina S. Vassil","doi":"10.1353/jwj.2021.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwj.2021.0000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article focuses on the legend of Itō Okei (1852–71), the Aizu native and Boshin War (1868–69) refugee who arrived in California's Gold Country in the fall of 1869. Okei settled in Northern California as part of the Wakamatsu Tea and Silk Colony, a short-lived venture led by the German John Schnell (1834–?) and twenty entrepreneurial samurai and farmers who hoped to support the defeated province through the establishment of an international satellite colony. Serving as a caretaker for Schnell's children, Okei remained in the United States when the venture failed a year later. She died of illness at age nineteen. Okei's short life and tragic death have become symbolic of the life and death of the Wakamatsu colony itself, and her gravesite attracts busloads of tourists annually, including some from Japan. Using theories from the field of memory studies that began in the 1980s, I investigate the historiography of the Wakamatsu colony and Okei's grave as a memory site to reveal a palimpsestuous layering of meaning embedded in both discursive and commemorative work seeking to rehabilitate ethnic and local identities over time. Focusing on how local governments, regional presses, and community organizations have preserved Okei's legacy shows how memory work shapes both local and national narratives, spotlighting the shared terrains of Japanese and Japanese American history.","PeriodicalId":88338,"journal":{"name":"U.S.-Japan women's journal. English supplement = Nichi-Bei josei janaru. English supplement","volume":"67 1","pages":"1 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91109973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Ethics of Imaginary Violence, Part 2: \"Moexploitation\" and Critique in Revue Starlight","authors":"Patrick W. Galbraith","doi":"10.1353/jwj.2021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwj.2021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Advancing an argument on the ethics of imaginary violence previously published in the U.S.–Japan Women's Journal (no. 52, 2017, 67–88), this article develops lines of critical inquiry into \"moe media,\" or manga, anime, and related media and material forms featuring characters intended to trigger an affective response. As in that first article, the central analysis builds on writing by Sasakibara Gō, an influential thinker and outspoken consumer of moe media. Following from Part 1, this article continues the discussion of objectification and its relation to sexual violence both imaginary and real. It primarily focuses on Revue Starlight (Shōjo kageki revyū sutāraito), an anime series released in the final years of the 2010s. This decade was marked by the expansion and intensification of affective economics surrounding characters; moe media such as Revue Starlight deploy characters to affect and move fans, who are sold a franchise and buy into it as they follow characters across media and material forms. In this sense, Revue Starlight is \"moexploitation,\" which refers to exploitation of not just fans but also characters in moe media franchises. Revealing the dynamics of objectification and subsequent exploitation, the Revue Starlight anime internally critiques itself, but ultimately must forget its intervention in order to allow for business to continue as usual. The article explores this facing and forgetting of violence as part of what Sasakibara calls the \"I-becoming-gaze.\" Read in contrast to seemingly similar offerings, Revue Starlight illuminates how moe media can contribute to cultivating an ethics of imaginary violence, as well as how that process can be limited and contained.","PeriodicalId":88338,"journal":{"name":"U.S.-Japan women's journal. English supplement = Nichi-Bei josei janaru. English supplement","volume":"7 1","pages":"114 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90640746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Occupation Base Clubs to the Pop Charts: Eri Chiemi, Yukimura Izumi, and the Birth of Japan's Postwar Popular Music Industry","authors":"Michael Furmanovsky","doi":"10.1353/jwj.2021.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwj.2021.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The movie Out of This World: Occupation Forces Clubs (Kono yo no soto e – Kurabu shinchūgun, 2004) brought to a general Japanese audience the hitherto largely unknown story of the jazz musicians who played in occupation-era American military base clubs. A year later, researcher Tōya Mamoru's book From Clubs to Kayokyoku: Dawn of Japanese Popular Music after the War (Shinchugun Kurabu Kara Kyokyoku e sengo nihon popura ongaku no reimiki, 2005) brought this world into Japanese academia by exploring how these bases became a nurturing ground for almost all of the musicians, singers, and entertainment figures who would go on to remake postwar Japan's entire show business infrastructure. This article brings Tōya's work to an English audience and also broadens it by examining the role of young Japanese women, whether as dance companions of soldiers at base club dances or as vocalists fronting jazz bands, in making the military base camp an incubator for the careers of legendary vocalists and movie stars Eri Chiemi (1937–82) and Yukimura Izumi (b. 1937). The early lives of these important singers and their experience of the military bases is examined as part of a deeper probe into the complex cultural crucible that allowed them so effectively to embrace the rhythm and romance of American jazz music.","PeriodicalId":88338,"journal":{"name":"U.S.-Japan women's journal. English supplement = Nichi-Bei josei janaru. English supplement","volume":"59 1","pages":"36 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81906169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}