Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Mannitol on Serum Electrolytes in Stroke Patients","authors":"M. Chowdhury, Md Abu Nayeem Chowdhury, Chowdhury Muhammad Omar Faruque, R. I. Zahid, Suprava Das, Mytrayee Dev Roy, Hussain Ahmed","doi":"10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57409","url":null,"abstract":"Mannitol, an osmotic agent and a free radical scavenger with neuroprotective properties, have been reported in many studies to decrease cerebral oedema , infarct size and neurological deficit in patients with stroke. The present study was carried out in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics in collaboration with the Departments of Medicine and Neurology of Sylhet M.A.G Osmani Medical College and Hospital to evaluate the effect of mannitol on serum electrolytes in stroke patients. A total number of Forty five (45) acute stroke patients were randomly allocated in two groups- 23 patients received mannitol and 22 patients did not receive mannitol. On Day 1 after measuring serum electrolyte levels of both groups, mannitol receiving group was given infusion mannitol 1 gm/kg IV bolus followed by 0.5 gm/kg IV 6 hourly till 3rd day and then again on Day 3 serum electrolyte levels of both groups were measured. Predisposing risk factors, egsmoking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia were also analyzed. RBS (Random Blood Sugar) and serum creatinine were estimated before treatment initiation with aim to assess hyperglycaemia and renal impairment respectively. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS program using unpaired ‘t’ test between two groups and between Day 1 and Day 3 by paired ‘t’ test. The result showed that serum sodium and potassium at Day 1 and Day 3 were almost similar between mannitol receiving group and mannitol non-receiving group ( P>0.05 for each component). After infusion of mannitol till third day, no electrolyte imbalance was noted. The study depicts that mannitol can be safely given to stroke patients as there were no change in electrolyte balance till third day.\u0000Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 21-27","PeriodicalId":8727,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78357526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Admission Hyperglycemia and Outcome in Actue Ischemic Stroke Cases: An Observational Study","authors":"P. Das, M. Islam, S. Sarkar, Narayan Chandra Kundu, Touhidur Rahman","doi":"10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57410","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A high proportion of patients suffering from an acute stressful condition asuch as stroke or myocardial infarction may develop hyperglycemia even in the absence of a preexisting diagnosis of diabetes. The study evaluates the effect of hyperglycemia in the severity and outcome during the acute phase of stroke. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Baseline variables (eg: age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes OHA/insulin) and outcome measures (mortaily, disability) were statistically analysed and compared with a control group of 50 patients of acute ischemic storke without admission hyperglycemia. \u0000Result: the base line characteristis of the two patient groups were comparable. The 1st week mortality was 16% in case group and 2% in the control group. the 30 days mortality in the case group and control group was 28% and 12% respectively, 58.33% were disabled & dependent in the hyperglycemia group, in comparison to 36.36% subjects in the control group. \u0000Conclusion: Admission hyperglycemia seems worsen the outcome and functional disability during the acute phase of Ischemic stroke. Admission glucose level is an important risk factor and should be immediately treated to reduce morbitidity & mortality in acute Ischemic stroke cases \u0000Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 28-33","PeriodicalId":8727,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84372753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebellar Ataxia, An Unusual Neurological Manifestation of Coeliac Disease- A Case Study","authors":"-. Md Raknuzzaman, A. K. Sheikh, H. Z. Rahman, Sk. Mahbub Alam, Saifullah Ahthesam, Kazi Jannat Ara, Md. Rafiqul Islam","doi":"10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57413","url":null,"abstract":"Coeliac disease was considered as a gluten sensitive enteropathy but now due to its wide clinical presentation is considered as multisystem autoimmune disorder. Ataxia with peripheral neuropathy is a rare manifestation of gluten sensitivity. The presence of glutenrelated immune markers in normal population however complicates the reliable diagnosis of gluten related neurological disorders and clinical improvement on gluten free diet can serve as a diagnostic tool for this disease. We report a case of sporadic progressive cerebellar ataxia with peripheral neuropathy with positive anti tissue transglutaminase (antitTG) antibodies and subtotal villous atrophy in duodenal biopsy. This case highlights an important diagnostic and therapeutic principle in management of late onset idiopathic ataxia. \u0000Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 43-46","PeriodicalId":8727,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83450199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Miller Fisher Syndrome- a Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"Imran Sarker, Maliha Hakim, Mahmudul Islam, Md Badrul Alam, Md Rafiqul Islam","doi":"10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57414","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective:: Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a variant of Guillan Barre syndrome characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia. Although self-limiting disease course is expected, disease modifying treatment options for MFS are no different than for GBS and include intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) and plasmapheresis. Here, we report a case of MFS presented with bilateral ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia with quadriparesis and normal NCS. Patient \u0000Methods: A 14- year-old young boy was admitted to our hospital with the complaints of double vision, vertigo, difficulty in walking, imbalance. He had no diarrhea or upper respiratory tract infection prior to this illness. On neurological examination, he had limited ability to move his eyes up and out, had bilateral ptosis, ataxia. The muscle strength was mildly impaired. The plantar reflexes were flexor and the deep tendon reflexes were absent. \u0000Results: The blood laboratory, CT and brain MRI were normal. In the first sample of CSF, there was no change. Subsequent sample after 14 days revealed high protein with albuminocytological dissociation. The NCS and EMG were normal. Anti GQ 1b antibody was negative. He showed marked improvement with conservative management. \u0000Conclusion: MFS is a rare disease that must be diagnosed with the clinical findings and in the following days the diagnosis can be supported by the laboratory findings. \u0000Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 47-51","PeriodicalId":8727,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76136337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Hyperlipidaemia with Vascular Dementia among Stroke Patients Attending a Tertiary Level Hospital in Bangladesh","authors":"Nayeem Anwar, Md Rezaul Karim Khan, -. Md Shahidullah, Nawreen Binte Anwar, S. Nahar","doi":"10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57406","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke is a major cause of physical disability in the elderly and the second most common cause of dementia. The prevalence of Alhzeimer’s dementia is increasing in western societies. But vascular dementia (VaD) is increasing in developing countries like Bangladesh and in Japan, because of the decline in mortality after stroke and aging of population. Conflicting data shows that hyperlipidaemia, a modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke is associated with a higher risk of vascular dementia.\u0000Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate association of hyperlipidaemia with vascular dementia. Method: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka from August 2014 to November, 2015. All stroke patients above 18 years of age and both sexes, attending the department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka presenting at least 3 months after stroke were the study population. Patients attending to the above mentioned hospital and after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria a purposive sampling technique were applied for selecting cases. Total 73 cases were evaluated. These patients were examined by MMSE for evidence of dementia. Severity and risk factors of vascular dementia were assessed. Serum fasting lipid profile was estimated in all cases and evaluated their association with VaD.\u0000Results: In this study it was observed that most of the stroke patients and VaD patients were in the age group of 5th and 6th decade. Among stroke patients it was 17(23.3%) and 31(42.5%) and among VaD patients it was 10(25.6%) and 18 (46.6%). Male outnumbered female (in stroke male-63%, Female-37%; in VaD male-59%, Female 41%). In this study out of 73 patients 40(54.8%) were smoker, 67(91.8%) had hyperlipidemia, 54(74%) had hypertension, 35(47.9%) had diabetes mellitus, 15 (20.5%) had IHD, 64(87.7%) had ischemic stroke, 9(12.3%) had hemorrhagic stroke, 25(34.25%) had recurrent stroke. Most of the patients were house-wife 16((21.9%) and read upto primary level 22 (30%). Out of 73 stroke patients 39(53.4%) had VaD. Of them 12(30.8%) had mild, 16(41%) had moderate and 11(28.2%) had severe dementia. Again out of 39 VaD patients 38(97.4%) had history of ischemic stroke and 1(2.6%) had history of hemorrhagic stroke who was moderately demented. Among VaD and non-vascular dementia patients the mean S. total cholesterol, S. triglyceride, S. LDL-C and S.HDL-C were 185.35±44.07, 149.82±57.05, 133.58±44.53, 31.07±11.16 (mg/dl) and 178.70±48.40, 151.35±76.12, 116.48±42.39, 33.61±11.82 (mg/dl) respectively.\u0000Conclusion-: In this study there is a non-significant positive association with high S. total cholesterol, high S. LDL-C, Low S. HDL-C but not with S. triglyceride. So, we can conclude that hyperlipidemia has weak association with VaD.\u0000Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 1-11","PeriodicalId":8727,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87881966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulsatile Midline Solitary Plasmacytoma in the Frontal Head Region-A Case Report”","authors":"Md. Atikur Rahman, Aklaque Hossain Khan, K. Barua","doi":"10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57412","url":null,"abstract":"Primary craniocerebral plasmacytomas are uncommon and represent only 0.7 % of all plasmacytomas. In this case solitary plasmacytoma in the midline frontal head region of the skull and discuss the clinical features and prognosis of this tumor. Plasmacytoma can present as multiple myeloma, solitary plasmacytoma of the bone or extramedullary plasmacytoma. Solitary plasmacytoma is a rare entity that composes of malignant plasma cells and involves the bone to form only one or two lesions without evidence of disease dissemination. It accounts for only 4% of malignant plasma cell tumors. 50 years old male was suffering from plasmacytoma in the frontal head region in our case which is pulsatile. On images showed multiple differential diagnosis but after operation histological examination revealed plasmacytoma. \u0000Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 39-42","PeriodicalId":8727,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90885705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Hypertriglycerideamia with Ischaemic Stroke","authors":"B. Das, K. J. Mondal","doi":"10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57411","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke is one of the foremost causes of morbidity, mortality and is a socioeconomic challenge. This is particularly true for developing countries like Bangladesh, where health support system including the rehabilitation system is not within the reach of common people. Hypertriglycerademia has an effective influence in the pathogenesis of Ischaemic Stroke (IS). So, the focus of this study was to evaluate and assess the association of serum triglyceride level in patients of IS. This case control study was carried out in the Department of Neurology in collaboration with Department of Biochemistry, BSMMU, Dhaka from July 2011 to June 2013. In this study, 60 diagnosed cases of ischaemic stroke patients and 60 age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled. Risk factors of Ischemic Stroke (IS) patients were assessed ( adjusted Odds Ratio) in comparison with healthy adults. In this study, being married [OR. 1.95, 95% CI (0.40-9.42), p=0.409] , smoker [OR.1.65, 95% CI (0.57 - 4.82),p= 0.357], DM [OR. 1.48, 95% CI (0.36-6.06), p=0.582 ], IHD [OR. 1.51, 95% CI (0.29 – 7.89), p=0.624] , HTN [OR. 3.66, 95% CI (1.11–12.12), p=0.033] , overweight [OR.2.31, 95% CI (0.77 – 6.91), 0.135] and obesity [OR. 16.19, 95% CI (1.31–200.6), p=0.030] , increased level of serum TC [OR.8.24, 95% CI (2.07 – 32.83), p=0.003], TG [OR. 9.40, 95% CI (1.17 -75.86), p=0.035], LDL [OR. 0.45, 95% CI (0.10–2.05), p=0.308],and decreased level of HDL [OR. 3.37, 95% CI (1.03 - 12.25), p=0.045] were found as risk factors in developing IS. Independent t-test was done to find out the statistically significant differences of continuous variables like serum lipid profile between case and control group. The mean (SD) value of TG which is focus of this study, was found 237.67 (61.74) in case group, and 169.97 (26.95) in control group which was highly statistically significant (p < 0.0001). All of the significant variables were entered into stepwise logistic regression analysis model. From the logistic regression model, it can be finally concluded that hypertension, obesity, increased level of TC, increased level of TG and decreased level of HDL were statistically significant risk factors for development of IS. \u0000Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 34-38","PeriodicalId":8727,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87502533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Herpes Simplex Type 1 Virus Infection and Bell’s Palsy","authors":"M. Islam, S. Sarkar, P. Das, T. Rahman, S. F. Sazib","doi":"10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57407","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Idiopathic facial paralysis is one of the commonest conditions in neurological practice. Objective: The purpose of this study is to see whether Bell’s palsy is associated with serological marker of Herpes Simplex virus type 1, and to study the clinical signs and symptoms manifested by Bell’s palsy. Methodology: This retrospective observational study was carried out in neurology OPD of ShSMCH, Dhaka from June, 2014 to May, 2016. All the patients who came to the OPD were selected as study population. All relevant data, those who fulfill the inclusion criteria were recorded in pre-designed data collection sheet. \u0000Result: A total number of 60 were recruited in this study. 30 were case group and 30 were control group. In our study, more than one quarter of cases (26.7%) was found between 26-30 years, while lowest age incidence was 16-20 years (6.7%). More than 37% of cases had their attack of Bell’s palsy in monsoon season, only 3% in autumn. 52.3% had pain in or around the ear. Taste abnormalities were found in 23.3%. \u0000Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that, Herpes simplex type 1 may be an important causative agent for Bell’s palsy. But a large scale study is needed for establishment of Herpes Simplex type 1 as an important infective agent for causation of Bell’s palsy. \u0000Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 12-15","PeriodicalId":8727,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80094957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Profile of Stroke Patients Attended in a Tertiary Care Hospital- Study of 219 cases","authors":"Nayeem Anwar, M. R. K. Khan, Nawreen Binte Anwar, S. Nahar, M. Shahidullah","doi":"10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v32i1.57408","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke is serious pathology with a immense impact on the functional and vital prognosis. It is the leading cause of death worldwide. The objective of the study was to observe clinical profile of stroke patients and important risk factors.\u0000Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the department of Neurology, BangabandhuSheikh Mujib Medical Universiy(BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from August 2014 to November2015. All patients above 18 years of age and both sexes attending the above mentioned department meeting all inclusion and exclusion criterias and confirmed CT/MRI scan of Brain were included in this study.\u0000Results: A total of 219 patients were studied. Maximum 93(42.5%) patients were in age group of 61-70 years followed by 51(23.3%) and 30(13.7%), in the age group of 51-60 years and 71-80 years respectively. Male 138(63%) were predominant than female 81(63%). 78(35.61%) patients had weakness in both sides of the body, 66(30.1%) had weakness in the left side and 36(16.4%) had weakness in the right side of the body. 190 (87.7) patients had ischemic stroke and 29(12.3%) had hemorrhagic stroke. Among risk factors dyslipidemia was in 185(84.5%) patients, hypertension, smoking habits, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease were present in 165(75.3%), 120(54.8%), 105(47.9%) and 42 (19.2%) patients respectively. H/O recurrent stroke was present in 55(25%) cases.\u0000Conclusion: Stroke cases were male predominant where dyslipidaemia was the most common risk factor, most common type of stroke was ischemic, most common presentation was hemiplegia/monoplegia and commonest age of presentation was seventh decade.\u0000Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 16-20","PeriodicalId":8727,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"524 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83687702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Giant Hydatid Cyst at Right Frontoparietal Region: A Rare Case Report","authors":"H. Nath, K. Barua, M. S. Bari, A. Mursalin, M. Ali","doi":"10.3329/bjn.v31i2.57384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v31i2.57384","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hydatid cyst is a parasitic disease which can affect the central nervous system. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the study is to reveal the clinical findings and the effect of giant the intracranial hydatid cyst at frontoparietal region, which is a rare finding. \u0000Results: A patients with right frontoparietal hydatid cyst was admitted in our hospital with history of headache, seizure and left upper limb weakness. We operated the patient and postoperatively developed hydrocephalous and pseudocyst at the site of operation. Cystoperitoneal shunt was done. The patient was medically treated by albendazole. The patient cured postoperatively. \u0000Conclusion: Patients with intracranial hydatid cyst can be treated surgically and with albendazole. \u0000Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2015; Vol. 31 (2): 116-120","PeriodicalId":8727,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90984869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}