Autism最新文献

{"title":"Alexithymic and autistic traits differentially predict personality disorder dimensions.","authors":"Laura Albantakis, Leonie Weindel, Marie-Luise Brandi, Imme C Zillekens, Lara Henco, Hanna Thaler, Lena Schliephake, Leonhard Schilbach","doi":"10.1177/13623613251338650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613251338650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alexithymia and autism are variably characterized by social cognitive and perceptual deficits, which can lead to profound social interaction difficulties. Such difficulties are also the hallmark of personality disorders (PDs), but the potential link between alexithymia, autism, and PDs remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether autistic and/or alexithymic traits are associated with specific PD dimensions as measured by the Assessment of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (<i>DSM</i>-IV) Personality Disorders Questionnaire (ADP-IV). We included individuals with a formal autism diagnosis (AP, <i>n</i> = 89), individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis other than autism (NAP, <i>n</i> = 51), and neurotypical participants (NPs, <i>n</i> = 84). We applied linear regression analyses with autistic and alexithymic traits as predictors and PD dimensions as outcome variables, while controlling for age, depressive, and socially anxious symptoms. While autistic traits predicted the obsessive-compulsive PD dimension, alexithymic traits predicted the borderline PD dimension. Autistic and alexithymic traits were both significant predictors of the schizoid PD dimension. Taken together, our results point toward overlaps between autistic traits and specific PD dimensions that are well recognized as differential diagnoses of autism, while alexithymia was differentially linked to the borderline PD dimension.Lay abstractAutistic people have trouble identifying their own emotions and others' emotions. They also struggle to describe their emotions. People with alexithymia have similar difficulties. This can make it hard for autistic and alexithymic people to react appropriately to situations. Some may avoid places, while others may start overthinking. This can lead to patterns of behavior and thinking that limit us in our daily lives. If these patterns become a part of our personality, we may develop a personality disorder (PD). In our study, we looked at whether autistic and alexithymic people have certain PD dimensions. We included autistic participants, non-autistic participants with social-interactive difficulties, and non-autistic participants without social-interactive difficulties. We found that autistic features were linked to obsessive-compulsive PD dimension. Alexithymic features were linked to borderline PD dimension. Autistic and alexithymic features were linked to schizoid PD dimension. Our results point toward overlaps between autistic traits and PD dimensions that are well recognized as differential diagnoses of autism. The exception was borderline PD dimension, which was linked to alexithymic traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613251338650"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health care use of autistic adults: Identifying longitudinal patterns using sequence analysis.","authors":"Iris Selten, Tim Ziermans, Iris Rapoport, Kim Jonkman, Hilde M Geurts","doi":"10.1177/13623613241304513","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241304513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To improve mental health care for autistic adults, a better understanding of their real-world intervention use is required. The aim of this study is to investigate individual differences in the intervention trajectories of autistic adults, by examining longitudinal patterns of therapy, counseling, and medication use. Self-reported intervention use of 445 autistic adults (18-87 years) across at least five consecutive measurements (2015-2021) was collected to identify clusters using sequence analysis and hierarchical clustering. Sensitivity analyses and cross-method validation (group-based multivariate trajectory modeling) were used to verify the obtained clusters. Four out of five obtained clusters had sufficient internal consistency and were replicated. These four clusters had distinct intervention trajectories (least intervention, mostly counseling, mostly medication, mixed use) and differed on several demographic variables. Most notably, the \"mixed cluster\" contained relatively more females and individuals with self-reported co-occurring psychiatric conditions. Many autistic adults used interventions, although they varied in type and duration of intervention use. This reflects the clinical complexity of tailoring intervention approaches and highlights that accessible and multidisciplinary care is essential to adequately support autistic adults. An important next step is to investigate whether available interventions sufficiently support autistic females and those with co-occurring psychiatric conditions.Lay abstractMany autistic adults experience co-occurring mental health problems, which have a negative effect on their well-being and result in increased use of mental health services. To improve mental healthcare for autistic adults, a better understanding is needed of what type of support they use in real life. Clinical guidelines recommend three kinds of mental health interventions: therapy, counseling, and medication. We investigated the use of these types of interventions in a sample of 445 autistic adults (aged 18-87 years) across a 5-to-7-year period. We found evidence for four different patterns of intervention use, or so-called subgroups: (1) <i>least intervention use</i>, (2) <i>mostly counseling</i>, (3) <i>mostly medication</i>, and (4) <i>mixed intervention use</i>. The group with mixed intervention use consisted of relatively more females and individuals with co-occurring psychiatric conditions, especially compared to the subgroup with the least intervention use. It appeared that many, but not all, autistic individuals used mental health services for an extended period. However, there was considerable variability in the type, combination, and duration of intervention use. This means that determining the optimal support for autistic adults is often a complex task, which requires collaboration of clinical experts and autistic individuals themselves, to make informed decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"1431-1445"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I was hanging in the air and holding on tight. It's exhausting: An autistic perspective on their journey through the general school system.","authors":"Mati Zakai-Mashiach","doi":"10.1177/13623613241310295","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241310295","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enrollment of autistic children in general schools has increased significantly in the past decade. However, having access to school does not mean being included in school. Autistic individuals' perspectives regarding their general school experience are limited, with most research focusing on the middle-school stage. This study examines the retrospective experiences of 10 autistic individuals, aged 19-25 years, who attended general schools from elementary through high school. Using semi-structured interviews and the pictorial 'Blob Tree' technique as a visual method to elicit self-narratives, the research revealed recurring themes associated with each educational level. Elementary school was marked by feelings of difference and ambiguity. Middle school was characterised by the impact of the autism diagnosis and emotions of instability. It was found, however, that high school represented a turning point, marked by increased self-assurance, acceptance of their autism and a sense of fulfilment. These findings underscore the importance of offering autistic individuals opportunities to share their narratives and to provide insights into their longitudinal experience in general schools. This emphasises the developmental journey of these students, highlighting the challenges they face at each stage and the growing need for increased inclusivity in general schools to better support autistic students.Lay abstractIn the past decade, autistic children have increasingly enrolled in general schools worldwide. However, most insights into their educational experiences come from educators and parents. There is a gap in understanding autistic children's perspectives on their educational experiences. The limited evidence from autistic children primarily focuses on middle school and reveals complex feelings of loneliness, anxiety and being misunderstood by teachers and peers. Moreover, research to date has not examined the full-time period of general education, which is needed to understand the cumulative developmental trajectory from elementary through high school. To address these gaps, this study investigated the lived experiences of 10 autistic individuals (ages 19-25 years) who had completed their entire school journey in general education settings. This study utilised in-depth interviews and a visual technique called the 'Blob Tree' to elicit their stories. The findings indicated that during primary school, participants felt overwhelmed and confused by the school environment. The transition to middle school, where they received an autism diagnosis, marked a period of significant instability, social insecurity and loneliness. Interestingly, the participants gained confidence during high school, accepted their autism and developed a more positive self-image. These findings emphasise the importance of learning the longitudinal self-perspective of autistic individuals through creative methods like the 'Blob Tree' technique. Furthermore, the study highlights ","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"1483-1496"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142926347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial factors associated with the trajectories of interparental conflict for Australian fathers of autistic children: A longitudinal study across 10 years of child development.","authors":"Monique Seymour, Grace McMahon, Ali Fogarty, Bridget O'Connor, Mark Feinberg, Rob Hock, Rebecca Giallo","doi":"10.1177/13623613251316014","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613251316014","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Limited research exists on fathers' experiences of interparental conflict (IPC) in families with autistic children. We aimed to identify: (1) the extent to which these fathers report IPC across 10 years of child development (4-14 years) and how this compares to fathers of non-autistic children; (2) distinct trajectories of IPC for fathers of autistic children and (3) factors associated with trajectories of IPC among fathers of autistic children. This is a retrospective study using a national dataset. Participants were 281 fathers of autistic children and 7046 fathers of non-autistic children. Although small effect sizes, fathers of autistic children, on average, reported significantly higher IPC when their child was 4-5, 6-7, 8-9 and 10-12 years of age, compared to fathers of non-autistic children. For fathers of autistic children, longitudinal latent class analysis revealed three profiles reflecting '&lt;i&gt;low and stable&lt;/i&gt;', '&lt;i&gt;moderate and stable&lt;/i&gt;' and '&lt;i&gt;persistently elevated&lt;/i&gt;' levels of IPC over time. Regression analysis revealed a range of predictors (e.g. co-parenting support, father age) for fathers of autistic children experiencing '&lt;i&gt;moderate and stable&lt;/i&gt;' and '&lt;i&gt;persistently elevated&lt;/i&gt;' IPC as compared to fathers who experienced low levels of IPC. There is a significant portion of fathers of autistic children who experience ongoing and heightened IPC, highlighting the need for targeted support.Lay AbstractNot much is known about how fathers experience conflict with their partners (either verbal or physical) while raising an autistic child. This study focused on understanding these experiences over 10 years, following children from the age of 4 to 14 years. The study had two main goals: (1) to track how fathers experience conflict with their partners over this time and identify different patterns to these experiences; and (2) to find psychosocial factors in early childhood that might impact these patterns. The study included 281 fathers of autistic children and 7046 fathers of non-autistic children who took part in '&lt;i&gt;Growing Up in Australia: Longitudinal Study of Australian Children&lt;/i&gt;'. Using a statistical method to group fathers based on the partner conflict they reported over the 10 years, results showed that there were three groups: (1) '&lt;i&gt;low and stable&lt;/i&gt;', (2) '&lt;i&gt;moderate and stable&lt;/i&gt;' and (3) '&lt;i&gt;persistently elevated&lt;/i&gt;' experiences of partner conflict. Additional analysis showed that fathers' confidence in their parenting, perceived support from their partners and concerns about their child's language skills were associated with ongoing moderate levels of partner conflict. On the other hand, fathers who were older, had lower perceived support from their partners, partners experiencing psychological distress and higher parent-reported child social functioning were more likely to experience consistently high levels of conflict over time. In our study, we described different levels of conflict with thei","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"1554-1568"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, methodology, and early findings of an autism registry program: ABBILAR project.","authors":"Hassan Shahrokhi, Ayyoub Malek, Sanaz Norouzi, Shahrokh Amiri, Seyed Gholamreza Noorazar, Seifollah Heidarabadi, Ali Bahari Gharehgoz, Saeed Dastgiri, Mahsa Zali, Kamal Gholipour, Mohammad Barzegar, Raha Shahrokhi, Sahand Broumand, Shabnam Iezadi","doi":"10.1177/13623613241305723","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241305723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to outline the establishment of an autism registry program in the East Azerbaijan province of Iran, delineate its components, present the initial descriptive analysis results of the registered cases, and outline potential opportunities for further utilization of registry data. The children and adolescents of age ⩽18 years, who met the Fourth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for autism spectrum disorder, were eligible for inclusion in the autism spectrum disorder registry program. A total of 1120 cases were registered from January 2015 to December 2023. The majority of the participants were male (81.60%), diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder between the ages of 3 and 7 years (41.90%), born through cesarean delivery (73.56%), and received their primary diagnosis from a psychiatrist (85.49%). According to the Fourth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria, approximately 83% of the cases were diagnosed with autistic disorder, 3% with Asperger's disorder, and 13% with pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. The autism spectrum disorder registry has the potential to contribute significantly to the development of effective policies for diagnosis and treatment services. By linking children's clinical and treatment data, it can help shape healthcare policies and services on a broader scale.Lay abstractThe autism spectrum disorder (ASD) registry program presents a unique opportunity to facilitate advanced research in various aspects of ASD, particularly in low-resource countries like Iran. Given the international significance of autism research, registry programs play a critical role in data sharing. ASD registry programs have been effectively established in high-income countries over a few decades; however, there are limited examples from low- and middle-income countries. This study presents a firsthand description of the design and primary findings of a 9-year established ASD registry program from the northwest of Iran. It elucidates the program's feasibility for other low-income settings, providing valuable insights for researchers and policymakers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"1446-1457"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Like it's making my heart run': A strengths-based understanding of the play of autistic children.","authors":"Christina O'Keeffe, Sinead McNally","doi":"10.1177/13623613251315985","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613251315985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Play is a central feature of childhood and a fundamental right of all children. Currently, our understanding of autistic play is based on a deficit perspective, most often framed in comparison to neurotypical 'norms' and assumptions where the views of the players themselves have been overlooked. In moving towards a strengths-based neuroaffirmative understanding of autistic play, this study consulted with 19 autistic children (aged 5 to 13 years) using a series of semi-structured interviews and a range of creative and participatory methods. Reflexive thematic analysis generated three themes where children conceptualised: (1) enjoyment and pleasure as central to the definition of play, (2) social connections as fundamental to play and (3) play as engagement with meaningful materials and activities. Children's autonomy and agency in play was important to all themes. These findings challenge long-standing deficit-oriented assumptions that have persisted throughout the literature for decades and have implications for future programmes of research, theory and practice, in particular on the importance of providing and facilitating authentic play experiences for autistic children in education and care contexts.Lay abstractAutistic play is generally described from a deficit perspective where the players themselves have been overlooked. It is important to consult with autistic children themselves about their understanding of play. We asked autistic children about their views on play using many different creative ways that were chosen by the children themselves. We analysed findings using reflexive thematic analysis. Autistic children in this research described play as involving feelings and emotions of pleasure and joy, autonomy and agency, playing by themselves and with others and engagement with materials and activities as meaningful. It is very important that we ask the players themselves what they think about play rather than relying on deficit framed, non-autistic definitions of autistic play. In this article, we will discuss how these findings will help develop future research, theory and practice in respecting children's right to authentic play experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"1469-1482"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding decision-making in autistic children and adolescents: Insights from deliberative processes and behavioral economic paradigms.","authors":"Farah Ghosn, Manuel Perea, Marta Lizarán, Melanie Labusch, Alba Moreno-Giménez, Rosa Sahuquillo-Leal, Belén Almansa, Julia Buesa, Laura Campos, Juan A Pérez, Ana García-Blanco","doi":"10.1177/13623613251323493","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613251323493","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Prior research has shown conflicting findings on decision-making differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals. To address this issue, we applied the Ultimatum and Dictator Games to examine explicit measures (probability of endorsing monetary offers) and implicit measures (response times) associated with decision-making behaviors. By analyzing response times, we aimed to determine whether decisions were intuitive (rapid) or deliberative (slower) reasoning processes. In addition, we administered an executive functions questionnaire to explore how cognitive skills correlate with implicit and explicit decision-making behaviors. The study included 24 autistic and 24 non-autistic children and adolescents aged 8-18 years. Results showed that autistic participants were less likely to propose selfish offers in the Dictator Game than their non-autistic peers. Among autistic participants, this lower tendency to propose selfish offers correlated with better executive function skills. Regarding response times, autistic participants exhibited slower responses than non-autistic participants when accepting and proposing selfish offers in both games. These findings reveal differences in selfish offer tendencies and deliberative reasoning among participants, suggesting that slower decision-making in autistic participants reflects a focus on fairness and sociomoral reasoning. Future research can explore how this reasoning style influences social interactions in various scenarios.Lay AbstractAutistic kids and teens often have unique ways of communicating and socializing with others. Making decisions is important in how we behave daily and how we socialize. To study if autistic participants tend to make more cooperative or selfish choices, we used two games where participants had to share money between themselves and another player. Previous results were not consistent and that is why general assumptions could not be established. Also, previous results focused on the final decisions and did not consider the process that leads to making decisions. To fill the gap in what we know, this study dug deeper by evaluating how quickly or slowly participants made decisions and explored executive functions needed for daily decisions. The study found that autistic participants, with better executive functions, made less selfish offers (where they could keep more money than their peers) than non-autistic participants. Also, autistic participants took more time to decide than non-autistic participants, only when they could earn more money than the other player. Interestingly, these results are consistent with studies indicating that autistic children distribute resources without a primary focus on personal gains. These findings reshape how we view social exchanges and recognize that slow, deliberate thinking can lead to less selfish decisions in autistic children and adolescents. Future research could explore how this reasoning style influences social interactio","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"1597-1611"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of pre-registration in autism research journals.","authors":"Daniel Poole, Audrey Linden, Felicity Sedgewick, Oliver Allchin, Hannah Hobson","doi":"10.1177/13623613241308312","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241308312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pre-registration refers to the practice of researchers preparing a time-stamped document describing the plans for a study. This open research tool is used to improve transparency, so that readers can evaluate the extent to which the researcher adhered to their original plans and tested their theory appropriately. In the current study, we conducted an audit of pre-registration in autism research through a review of manuscripts published across six autism research journals between 2011 and 2022. We found that 192 publications were pre-registered, approximately 2.23% of publications in autism journals during this time frame. We also conducted a quality assessment of a sample of the pre-registrations, finding that specificity in the pre-registrations was low, particularly in the design and analysis components of the pre-registration. In addition, only 28% of sampled manuscripts adhered to their analysis plan or transparently disclosed all deviations. Autism researchers conducting confirmatory, quantitative research should consider pre-registering their work, reporting any changes in plans transparently in the published manuscript. We outline recommendations for researchers and journals to improve the transparency and robustness of the field.Lay abstractWhen researchers write down their plans for a study ahead of time and make this public, this is called pre-registration. Pre-registration allows others to see if the researchers stuck to their original plan or changed as they went along. Pre-registration is growing in popularity but we do not know how widely it is used in autism research. In this study, we looked at papers published in six major autism journals between 2011 and 2022. We found that only 2.23% of papers published in autism journals had been pre-registered. We also took a close look at a selection of the pre-registrations to check how good they were and if researchers stuck to their plans. We found that the pre-registrations generally lacked specifics, particularly about how the study was designed and the data would be analysed. We also found that only 28% of the papers closely followed the pre-registered plans or reported the changes.Based on these findings, we recommend that autism researchers consider pre-registering their work and transparently report any changes from their original plans. We have provided some recommendations for researchers and journals on how pre-registration could be better used in autism research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"1390-1402"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health care transition for autistic adolescents and young adults: A pilot rural and urban comparison survey study.","authors":"E Zhang, Makenna Snyder, Wafaa Alduraidi, Ezra Kaiser, Spencer Hunley, Lacy Wright, Rebecca Swinburne Romine, Eve-Lynn Nelson, Nancy Cheak-Zamora","doi":"10.1177/13623613241304495","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241304495","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Autistic adolescents and young adults in rural areas often experience more unmet medical needs than their urban peers, particularly during the health care transition, the process of moving from pediatric to adult health care. This study aimed to understand the health care transition experiences of autistic adolescents and young adults (14-25 years old) across rural and urban settings through a structured survey assessing demographics, health care transition experiences, and future health care decision-making planning. Of 180 participants (urban: 96; rural: 84), the average age was 19.67 years. Slightly over half (53.3%) reported completing health care transition at an average age of 18.02 years. Only 40 participants had health care transition discussions with their doctors, typically starting at 17.78 years. Regarding future medical decision-making, autistic adolescents and young adults who completed the survey independently had significantly higher odds of anticipating future independent medical decision-making compared to those who had parental assistance in survey completion (odds ratio = 6.601, 95% confidence interval: 2.857-15.250, p &lt; .001). These results emphasize the need for enhanced health care transition support for autistic adolescents and young adults, suggesting that health care transition should be integrated into broader transition planning, and tailored interventions should be developed to improve health care transition outcomes for adolescents and young adults, their caregivers, and providers.Lay abstractAutistic adolescents and young adults in rural areas face significant challenges in health care transition compared to their urban counterparts. Health care transition, the process of moving from pediatric to adult health care, is crucial for the long-term health outcomes of adolescents and young adults. Previous research indicates rural adolescents and young adults often have greater unmet medical and financial needs, affecting their transition experiences, but there was no study focusing on rural autistic adolescents and young adults' health care transition experiences. This pilot study provides a comparative analysis of the health care transition experiences of rural and urban autistic adolescents and young adults. Ninety-six urban and 84 rural participants (14-25 years old) participated in the study. Their average age was 19.67 years. Just over half of the participants had completed the transition to adult care, typically reporting finishing this process at around 18 years old. A majority had limited discussions with their doctors about transitioning, and those who had discussions often started these conversations late. It also reveals that the responses completed by or with parents of autistic adolescents and young adults tend to indicate that the adolescents and young adults would not make future medical decisions or are uncertain about it. The findings underscore the necessity for targeted support for autistic adole","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"1403-1414"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of ecological momentary assessment in autism research.","authors":"Yixin Chen, Zhenyang Xi, Talya Greene, Will Mandy","doi":"10.1177/13623613241305722","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241305722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ecological momentary assessment has been increasingly used in autism studies over the last decade to capture and understand autistic people's behaviours, thoughts, feelings and daily experiences. This systematic review synthesised previous autism ecological momentary assessment studies to learn about the feasibility of ecological momentary assessment with autistic people and derive ideas to optimise the applicability of ecological momentary assessment in autism studies. Five databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE and CINAHL) were searched, covering the time between January 1990 and October 2024, for studies using ecological momentary assessment with autistic participants. We identified 32 studies with 930 autistic participants. These studies supported the acceptability and feasibility of ecological momentary assessment with young and middle-aged autistic adults with average or above-average intelligence and language skills. Previous researchers and autistic participants in the reviewed literature suggested considering adaptations in the design of sampling schedules, ecological momentary assessment questionnaires and the implementation of incentive strategies, to improve the applicability of ecological momentary assessment with the autistic population. Future ecological momentary assessment studies could address the limitations in the extant literature, for example, lack of evidence from youth and older autistic people and a wider range of study topics.Lay abstractEcological momentary assessments assess people's in-the-moment thoughts and behaviours in their daily lives in natural environments. The number of ecological momentary assessment studies with autistic people has increased over the last decade. For the first time, this review (1) summarises how well ecological momentary assessment works for allowing autistic people to describe and express their thoughts, emotions and experiences, and (2) provides suggestions for the design of ecological momentary assessment to make this research method more accessible to future autistic participants. In total, we synthesised participation experiences from 930 autistic people. Overall, ecological momentary assessment is generally acceptable for autistic adults aged from 18 to 60 and with average or above-average intelligence and language. We also identified several issues in the ecological momentary assessment procedure and suggested researchers consider these when designing future ecological momentary assessment studies with autistic people. The findings of this review provide evidence that ecological momentary assessment can be used to investigate many different questions with autistic people and suggest a wider application of ecological momentary assessment in future studies with autistic people.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"1374-1389"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142852102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}