Alexithymic and autistic traits differentially predict personality disorder dimensions.

IF 5.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Autism Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI:10.1177/13623613251338650
Laura Albantakis, Leonie Weindel, Marie-Luise Brandi, Imme C Zillekens, Lara Henco, Hanna Thaler, Lena Schliephake, Leonhard Schilbach
{"title":"Alexithymic and autistic traits differentially predict personality disorder dimensions.","authors":"Laura Albantakis, Leonie Weindel, Marie-Luise Brandi, Imme C Zillekens, Lara Henco, Hanna Thaler, Lena Schliephake, Leonhard Schilbach","doi":"10.1177/13623613251338650","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alexithymia and autism are variably characterized by social cognitive and perceptual deficits, which can lead to profound social interaction difficulties. Such difficulties are also the hallmark of personality disorders (PDs), but the potential link between alexithymia, autism, and PDs remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether autistic and/or alexithymic traits are associated with specific PD dimensions as measured by the Assessment of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (<i>DSM</i>-IV) Personality Disorders Questionnaire (ADP-IV). We included individuals with a formal autism diagnosis (AP, <i>n</i> = 89), individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis other than autism (NAP, <i>n</i> = 51), and neurotypical participants (NPs, <i>n</i> = 84). We applied linear regression analyses with autistic and alexithymic traits as predictors and PD dimensions as outcome variables, while controlling for age, depressive, and socially anxious symptoms. While autistic traits predicted the obsessive-compulsive PD dimension, alexithymic traits predicted the borderline PD dimension. Autistic and alexithymic traits were both significant predictors of the schizoid PD dimension. Taken together, our results point toward overlaps between autistic traits and specific PD dimensions that are well recognized as differential diagnoses of autism, while alexithymia was differentially linked to the borderline PD dimension.Lay abstractAutistic people have trouble identifying their own emotions and others' emotions. They also struggle to describe their emotions. People with alexithymia have similar difficulties. This can make it hard for autistic and alexithymic people to react appropriately to situations. Some may avoid places, while others may start overthinking. This can lead to patterns of behavior and thinking that limit us in our daily lives. If these patterns become a part of our personality, we may develop a personality disorder (PD). In our study, we looked at whether autistic and alexithymic people have certain PD dimensions. We included autistic participants, non-autistic participants with social-interactive difficulties, and non-autistic participants without social-interactive difficulties. We found that autistic features were linked to obsessive-compulsive PD dimension. Alexithymic features were linked to borderline PD dimension. Autistic and alexithymic features were linked to schizoid PD dimension. Our results point toward overlaps between autistic traits and PD dimensions that are well recognized as differential diagnoses of autism. The exception was borderline PD dimension, which was linked to alexithymic traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613251338650"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Autism","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613251338650","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Alexithymia and autism are variably characterized by social cognitive and perceptual deficits, which can lead to profound social interaction difficulties. Such difficulties are also the hallmark of personality disorders (PDs), but the potential link between alexithymia, autism, and PDs remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether autistic and/or alexithymic traits are associated with specific PD dimensions as measured by the Assessment of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) Personality Disorders Questionnaire (ADP-IV). We included individuals with a formal autism diagnosis (AP, n = 89), individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis other than autism (NAP, n = 51), and neurotypical participants (NPs, n = 84). We applied linear regression analyses with autistic and alexithymic traits as predictors and PD dimensions as outcome variables, while controlling for age, depressive, and socially anxious symptoms. While autistic traits predicted the obsessive-compulsive PD dimension, alexithymic traits predicted the borderline PD dimension. Autistic and alexithymic traits were both significant predictors of the schizoid PD dimension. Taken together, our results point toward overlaps between autistic traits and specific PD dimensions that are well recognized as differential diagnoses of autism, while alexithymia was differentially linked to the borderline PD dimension.Lay abstractAutistic people have trouble identifying their own emotions and others' emotions. They also struggle to describe their emotions. People with alexithymia have similar difficulties. This can make it hard for autistic and alexithymic people to react appropriately to situations. Some may avoid places, while others may start overthinking. This can lead to patterns of behavior and thinking that limit us in our daily lives. If these patterns become a part of our personality, we may develop a personality disorder (PD). In our study, we looked at whether autistic and alexithymic people have certain PD dimensions. We included autistic participants, non-autistic participants with social-interactive difficulties, and non-autistic participants without social-interactive difficulties. We found that autistic features were linked to obsessive-compulsive PD dimension. Alexithymic features were linked to borderline PD dimension. Autistic and alexithymic features were linked to schizoid PD dimension. Our results point toward overlaps between autistic traits and PD dimensions that are well recognized as differential diagnoses of autism. The exception was borderline PD dimension, which was linked to alexithymic traits.

述情和自闭特征对人格障碍维度的预测存在差异。
述情障碍和自闭症的不同特征是社会认知和知觉缺陷,这可能导致深刻的社会互动困难。这些困难也是人格障碍(pd)的标志,但述情障碍、自闭症和pd之间的潜在联系尚不清楚。本研究通过《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第四版(DSM-IV)人格障碍问卷(ADP-IV)调查自闭症和/或述情特征是否与特定PD维度相关。我们纳入了正式自闭症诊断的个体(AP, n = 89),非自闭症精神诊断的个体(NAP, n = 51)和神经正常的参与者(NPs, n = 84)。我们应用线性回归分析,以自闭症和述情特征作为预测因子,以PD维度作为结果变量,同时控制年龄、抑郁和社交焦虑症状。自闭症特征预测强迫症PD维度,述情特征预测边缘性PD维度。自闭症和述情特征都是分裂样PD维度的显著预测因子。综上所述,我们的研究结果表明自闭症特征和特定PD维度之间存在重叠,这些重叠被认为是自闭症的鉴别诊断,而述情障碍与边缘性PD维度存在差异。自闭症患者很难识别自己的情绪和他人的情绪。他们也很难描述自己的情绪。患有述情障碍的人也有类似的困难。这使得自闭症和述情障碍患者很难对各种情况做出适当的反应。有些人可能会避开一些地方,而另一些人可能会开始过度思考。这可能会导致限制我们日常生活的行为和思维模式。如果这些模式成为我们人格的一部分,我们可能会患上人格障碍(PD)。在我们的研究中,我们研究了自闭症和述情障碍患者是否有特定的PD维度。我们包括自闭症参与者,有社交互动困难的非自闭症参与者,以及没有社交互动困难的非自闭症参与者。我们发现自闭症特征与强迫症PD维度有关。述情特征与边缘性PD维度有关。自闭症和述情特征与分裂样PD维度有关。我们的结果指向自闭症特征和PD维度之间的重叠,这些重叠被认为是自闭症的鉴别诊断。例外是边缘性PD维度,它与述情特征有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Autism
Autism PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
9.80
自引率
11.50%
发文量
160
期刊介绍: Autism is a major, peer-reviewed, international journal, published 8 times a year, publishing research of direct and practical relevance to help improve the quality of life for individuals with autism or autism-related disorders. It is interdisciplinary in nature, focusing on research in many areas, including: intervention; diagnosis; training; education; translational issues related to neuroscience, medical and genetic issues of practical import; psychological processes; evaluation of particular therapies; quality of life; family needs; and epidemiological research. Autism provides a major international forum for peer-reviewed research of direct and practical relevance to improving the quality of life for individuals with autism or autism-related disorders. The journal''s success and popularity reflect the recent worldwide growth in the research and understanding of autistic spectrum disorders, and the consequent impact on the provision of treatment and care. Autism is interdisciplinary in nature, focusing on evaluative research in all areas, including: intervention, diagnosis, training, education, neuroscience, psychological processes, evaluation of particular therapies, quality of life issues, family issues and family services, medical and genetic issues, epidemiological research.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信