Lab on a Chip最新文献

{"title":"Large-scale acoustic single cell trapping and selective releasing.","authors":"Xiang Zhang, Jacob Smith, Amanda Chengyi Zhou, Jacqueline Thuy-Tram Duong, Tong Qi, Shilin Chen, Yen-Ju Lin, Alexi Gill, Chih-Hui Lo, Neil Y C Lin, Jing Wen, Yunfeng Lu, Pei-Yu Chiou","doi":"10.1039/d4lc00736k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4lc00736k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advancements in single-cell analysis have underscored the need for precise isolation and manipulation of individual cells. Traditional techniques for single-cell manipulation are often limited by the number of cells that can be parallel trapped and processed and usually require complex devices or instruments to operate. Here, we introduce an acoustic microfluidic platform that efficiently traps and selectively releases individual cells using spherical air cavities embedded in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate for large scale manipulation. Our device utilizes the principle of acoustic impedance mismatches to generate near-field acoustic potential gradients that create trapping sites for single cells. These single cell traps can be selectively disabled by illuminating a near-infrared laser pulse, allowing targeted release of trapped cells. This method ensures minimal impact on cell viability and proliferation, making it ideal for downstream single-cell analysis. Experimental results demonstrate our platform's capability to trap and release synthetic microparticles and biological cells with high efficiency and biocompatibility. Our device can handle a wide range of cell sizes (8-30 μm) across a large active manipulation area of 1 cm² with 20 000 single-cell traps, providing a versatile and robust platform for single-cell applications. This acoustic microfluidic platform offers a cost-effective and practical method for large scale single-cell trapping and selective releasing with potential applications in genomics, proteomics, and other fields requiring precise single-cell manipulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision single cell analysis to characterize host dependent antimicrobial response heterogeneity in physiological medium†","authors":"Ryuichiro Abe, Jyong-Huei Lee, Siew Mei Chin, Nikhil Ram-Mohan, Kristel C. Tjandra, April M. Bobenchik, Kathleen E. Mach, Joseph C. Liao, Pak Kin Wong and Samuel Yang","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00765D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00765D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Antimicrobial stewardship plays an essential role in combating the global health threat posed by multidrug-resistant pathogens. Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is the gold standard for analyzing bacterial responses to antimicrobials. However, current AST techniques, which rely on end-point bulk measurements of bacterial growth under antimicrobial treatment in a broth solution, have limitations in resembling the physiological working environment and resolving heterogeneity in response kinetics within the population. In this study, we investigate the responses of uropathogenic bacteria under antimicrobial treatment in individual urine. Our results demonstrate substantial heterogeneity in time–kill kinetics in response to antimicrobials in a host-dependent manner. We also establish a microfluidic gel encapsulation platform for single cell imaging to rapidly resolve heterogeneous subpopulations in response to antimicrobials. The platform captures both bacterial growth and killing within the gel and enables medium exchange to assess the ability of surviving cells to resume growth after antimicrobial removal. Our study lays the foundation for a new generation of precision single cell analysis for personalizing antimicrobial treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 4","pages":" 714-728"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lc/d4lc00765d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing microfluidic design with machine learning: a Bayesian optimization approach†","authors":"Ivana Kundacina, Ognjen Kundacina, Dragisa Miskovic and Vasa Radonic","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00872C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00872C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Microfluidic technology, which involves the manipulation of fluids in microchannels, faces challenges in channel design and performance optimization due to its complex, multi-parameter nature. Traditional design and optimization approaches usually rely on time-consuming numerical simulations, or on trial-and-error methods, which entail high costs associated with experimental evaluations. Additionally, commonly used optimization methods require many numerical simulations, and to avoid excessive computation time, they approximate simulation results with faster surrogate models. Alternatively, machine learning (ML) is becoming increasingly significant in microfluidics and technology in general, enabling advancements in data analysis, automation, and system optimization. Among ML methods, Bayesian optimization (BO) stands out by systematically exploring the design space, usually using Gaussian processes (GP) to model the objective function and guide the search for optimal designs. In this paper, we demonstrate the application of BO in the design optimization of the microfluidic systems, by enhancing the mixing performance of a micromixer with parallelogram barriers and a Tesla micromixer modified with parallelogram barriers. Micromixer models were made using Comsol Multiphysics software® and their geometric parameters were optimized using BO. The presented approach minimizes the number of required simulations to reach the optimal design, thus eliminating the need for developing a separate surrogate model for approximation of the simulation results. The results showed the effectiveness of using BO for design optimization, both in terms of the execution speed and reaching the optimum of the objective function. The optimal geometries for efficient mixing were achieved at least an order of magnitude faster compared to state-of-the-art optimization methods for microfluidic design. In addition, the presented approach can be widely applied to other microfluidic devices, such as droplet generators, particle separators, <em>etc.</em></p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 4","pages":" 657-672"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lc/d4lc00872c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microfluidic-based redesign of a humidity-driven energy harvester.","authors":"Hirotada Hirama, Yusuke Komazaki","doi":"10.1039/d4lc00958d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4lc00958d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Integrating microfluidic elements onto a single chip offers many advantages, including miniaturization, portability, and multifunctionality, making such systems highly useful for biomedical, healthcare, and sensing applications. However, these chips need redesigning for compatibility with microfluidic fabrication methods such as photolithography. To address this, we integrated microfluidics technology into our previously developed humidity-driven energy harvester to create a self-powered system and redesigned it so that it could be fabricated using photolithography and printing. The device comprises stacked electrodes, cation-exchange membranes, and microchannels. The multi-element version of the device generated ten times more voltage than the single-element version. Both versions produced stable patterns of voltage output with respect to the fluctuations in humidity in both controlled and real-world environments. Their potential as humidity sensors is supported by the correlations exhibited between humidity and voltage output. The capacity of the device to respond to changes in perspiration-induced changes in humidity suggests its usefulness as a power source for wearable sensors. This novel device element, which can be easily integrated into other microfluidic devices, is expected to provide a new approach to powering microfluidic-based wearable sensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in modeling periodontal host–microbe interactions: insights from organotypic and organ-on-chip systems","authors":"Hardik Makkar and Gopu Sriram","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00871E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00871E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth, is driven by an imbalanced interaction between the periodontal microbiota and the host inflammatory response. Beyond its local impact, periodontal disease is associated with systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and inflammatory bowel disease, emphasizing the importance of understanding its mechanisms. Traditional pre-clinical models, such as monolayer cultures and animal studies, have provided foundational insights but are limited by their physiological relevance and ethical concerns. Recent advancements in tissue engineering and microfluidic technologies have led to the development of three-dimensional (3D) organotypic culture models and organ-on-chip systems that more closely mimic native tissue microenvironments. This review provides an overview of the evolution of methods to study periodontal host–microbe interactions, from simple 2D monolayer cultures to complex 3D organotypic and microfluidic organ-on-chip (OoC) models. We discuss various fabrication strategies, host–microbe co-culture techniques, and methods for evaluating outcomes in these advanced models. Additionally, we highlight insights gained from gut-on-chip platforms and their potential applications in periodontal research and understanding oral-systemic links of periodontal disease. Through a comprehensive overview of current advancements and future directions, this review provides insights on the transformative potential of OoC technology in periodontal research, offering new avenues for studying disease mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 5","pages":" 1342-1371"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effective microfluidic flow cytometry for precise and gentle cell sorting†","authors":"Canfeng Yang, Chunhua He, Huasheng Zhuo, Jianxin Wang, Tuying Yong, Lu Gan, Xiangliang Yang, Lei Nie, Shuang Xi, Zhiyong Liu, Guanglan Liao and Tielin Shi","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00900B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00900B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Microfluidic flow cytometry (MFCM) is considered to be an effective substitute for traditional flow cytometry, because of its advantages in terms of higher integration, smaller device size, lower cost, and higher cell sorting activity. However, MFCM still faces challenges in balancing parameters such as sorting throughput, viability, sorting efficiency, and cost. Here, we demonstrate a cost-effective and high-performance microfluidic cytometry cell sorting system, along with a customized microfluidic chip that integrates hydrodynamic focusing, droplet encapsulation, and sorting for precise cell manipulation. An innovative photon incremental counting-based fluorescence detection method is proposed, which requires only one-fiftieth of the data compared to traditional methods. This significantly simplifies the structure of the system and substantially reduces costs. The system exhibits detection recoveries exceeding 95% across sample solution flow rates ranging from 10 to 80 μL min<small>⁻¹</small>. Moreover, it accurately achieves individual droplet deflections at a droplet generation frequency of 1600 Hz. Ultimately, our cell sorting system offers an impressive sorting efficiency of 90.7% and a high cell viability of 94.3% when operating at a droplet generation frequency of 1316 Hz, highlighting its accuracy and gentleness throughout the entire process. Our work will enhance advances in the life sciences, thereby creating a boom in great applications in single-cell cloning, single-cell analysis, drug screening, <em>etc.</em></p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 4","pages":" 698-713"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic fluidic manipulation in microfluidic chips with dead-end channels through spinning: the Spinochip technology for hematocrit measurement, white blood cell counting and plasma separation.","authors":"Cemre Oksuz, Can Bicmen, H Cumhur Tekin","doi":"10.1039/d4lc00979g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4lc00979g","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Centrifugation is crucial for size and density-based sample separation, but low-volume or delicate samples suffer from loss and impurity issues during repeated spins. We introduce the \"Spinochip\", a novel microfluidic system utilizing centrifugal forces for efficient filling of dead-end microfluidic channels. The Spinochip enables versatile fluid manipulation with a single reservoir for both inlet and outlet functions. It expels compressed air, facilitating fluid flow, and offers programmable filling mechanisms based on the hydraulic resistance of microfluidic channels. Compatible with a basic centrifuge, it allows sequential filling, internal mixing, and collection in straight microfluidic channels by simply adjusting the spinning speed, eliminating the need for complex valving. We demonstrated the Spinochip's efficacy in blood testing, where it successfully separated blood components, such as plasma, buffy coat, and red blood cells, from a single drop using centrifugation alone. This system enabled simultaneous hematocrit (<i>R</i>² >0.99) and total white blood cell (<i>R</i>² >0.93) quantification within a single microfluidic channel without the need for staining or special reagents. Remarkably, the Spinochip can perform hematocrit measurements on as little as 100 nL of blood, potentially paving the way for less invasive blood analysis. This innovative approach unlocks new possibilities in microfluidics, providing precise fluidic control and centrifugation for sample volumes as small as a few nanoliters.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated bacterial cell lysis and DNA extraction using paper-based isotachophoresis†","authors":"Shruti Soni and Bhushan J. Toley","doi":"10.1039/D3LC00604B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3LC00604B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Bacterial infections remain a global threat, particularly in low-resource settings, where access to accurate and timely diagnosis is limited. Point-of-care nucleic acid amplification tests have shown great promise in addressing this challenge. However, their dependence on complex traditional sample preparation methods remains a major challenge. To address this limitation, we present a paper-based sample preparation device that integrates bacterial cell lysis, DNA purification, and concentration using an electrokinetic technique called isotachophoresis (ITP). This is the first device that (i) integrates electrochemical bacterial lysis with ITP and (ii) demonstrates the focusing of whole bacterial genomic DNA (gDNA) in paper. Characterization with buffers showed that the paper-based ITP sample preparation module (p-ITPrep) concentrated bacterial gDNA with an average concentration factor of 12×, and DNA could be extracted from a sample containing as few as 10<small>²</small> CFU mL<small>⁻¹</small><em>Mycobacterium smegmatis</em> (<em>Msm</em>). From complex biological matrices – human saliva, human blood serum, and artificial urine – p-ITPrep extracted DNA from samples containing 10<small>²</small> CFU <em>Msm</em> per mL saliva or artificial urine and 10<small>³</small> CFU <em>Msm</em> per mL serum within 20 min. The extraction procedure involved only 3 user steps, in contrast to conventional solid phase extraction kits that require more than 10 user steps. p-ITPrep may provide a simple, inexpensive, and versatile alternative to conventional multi-step nucleic acid extraction protocols for point-of-care diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 4","pages":" 686-697"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point-of-need diagnostics in a post-Covid world: an opportunity for paper-based microfluidics to serve during syndemics†","authors":"Maria-Nefeli Tsaloglou, Dionysios C. Christodouleas, Jonathan Milette, Kendall Milkey, Isabelle C. Romine, Judy Im, Shefali Lathwal, Duraipandian Thava Selvam, Hadley D. Sikes and George M. Whitesides","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00699B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00699B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Zoonotic outbreaks present with unpredictable threats to human health, food production, biodiversity, national security and disrupt the global economy. The COVID-19 pandemic—caused by zoonotic coronavirus, SARS-CoV2— is the most recent upsurge of an increasing trend in outbreaks for the past 100 years. This year, emergence of avian influenza (H5N1) is a stark reminder of the need for national and international pandemic preparedness. Tools for threat reduction include consistent practices in reporting pandemics, and widespread availability of accurate detection technologies. Wars and extreme climate events redouble the need for fast, adaptable and affordable diagnostics at the point of need. During the recent pandemic, rapid home tests for SARS-CoV-2 proved to be a viable functional model that leverages simplicity. In this perspective, we introduce the concept of syndemnicity in the context of infectious diseases and point-of-need healthcare diagnostics. We also provide a brief state-of-the-art for paper-based microfluidics. We illustrate our arguments with a case study for detecting brucellosis in cows. Finally, we conclude with lessons learned, challenges and opportunities for paper-based microfluidics to serve point-of-need healthcare diagnostics during syndemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 5","pages":" 741-751"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lc/d4lc00699b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143021294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic binding ability of electrostatic tweezers and femtosecond laser-structured slippery surfaces enabling unusual droplet manipulation applications†","authors":"Xinlei Li, Chaowei Wang, Zhenrui Chen, Cunyuan Chen, Suwan Zhu, Dong Wu and Jiale Yong","doi":"10.1039/D4LC01084A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC01084A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We propose a novel contactless droplet manipulation strategy that combines electrostatic tweezers (ESTs) with lubricated slippery surfaces. Electrostatic induction causes the droplet to experience an electrostatic force, allowing it to move with the horizontal shift of the EST. Because both the EST and the slippery operating platform prepared by a femtosecond laser exhibit a strong binding effect on droplets, the EST droplet manipulation features significant flexibility, high precision, and can work under various operating conditions. The EST can manipulate droplets with a wide volume range (500 nL–1 mL), droplets hanging on tilted or even inverted surfaces, multiple droplets in parallel, corrosive droplets, low-surface-tension organic droplets (<em>e.g.</em>, ethanol), and even droplets in a sealed space from the outside. The EST operation method is suitable for various slippery substrates prepared by femtosecond laser processing and can also be used to manipulate small solid spheres other than liquids. Additionally, a self-powered EST system is also designed without the need for high-voltage static electricity, allowing even fingers to serve as EST sources for droplet manipulation. The flexible and precise manipulation performance allows this technology to be applied in a variety of applications. For example, a new digital microfluidic (DMF) technology based on an EST array has been successfully validated and is expected to replace traditional electrowetting-on-dielectric technology in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 4","pages":" 644-656"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}