Lab on a Chip最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Utilizing layer-parameter of shear horizontal surface acoustic wave biosensor for lipoprotein particle sizing","authors":"Chia-Hsuan Cheng, Hiromi Yatsuda and Jun Kondoh","doi":"10.1039/D5LC90088C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5LC90088C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Utilizing layer-parameter of shear horizontal surface acoustic wave biosensor for lipoprotein particle sizing’ by Chia-Hsuan Cheng <em>et al.</em>, <em>Lab Chip</em>, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/d5lc00444f.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 18","pages":" 4814-4814"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lc/d5lc90088c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144851584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphing out-of-surface channels enable strain-based control over fluid flow in skin-mountable patches","authors":"RANA ALTAY, Hudson Gasvoda, Max Mailloux-Beauchemin, Johanna Brown, Kari Olson, Ismail Emre Araci","doi":"10.1039/d5lc00417a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5lc00417a","url":null,"abstract":"The volume of natural materials increases under tension, thus conventionally biomechanical actuation of fluidic pumps relies on compression for pressure generation. Here, we report on out-of-surface microchannels (OSMiCs) that exhibit negative volumetric strain (i.e., pressure generation) under skin-induced tensile strain. Monolithic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) patches were fabricated and characterized. The complex relations between the wrinkling and buckling of the OSMiC shell and the fluid flow patterns were investigated. OSMiCs were shown to snap-back (-through) between two stable states that lead to (ir)reversible fluid flow depending on their architecture. Unlike standard microchannels that only generate pressure symmetrically upon application and release of tensile strain, OSMiCs are shown to be tunable for providing an asymmetrical pressure owing to their shape-change property (i.e., morphing). The maximum forward (backward) flow pressure of &gt;15 (-20) kPa was measured upon 20% uniaxial strain application (release). The versatile fabrication technique allowed the integration of OSMiCs with different Q values, leading to a discrete strain-actuated flow control element. Numerical simulations were conducted and shown to support the experimentally observed wrinkling and buckling behavior. Finally, the operation of the power-free OSMiC skin patch for strain-based liquid administration on skin was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse micelle mediated calcium chloride transportation for facile alginate gelation in microdroplets","authors":"Fuyang Qu, Luoquan Li, Qinru Xiao and Yi-Ping Ho","doi":"10.1039/D5LC00175G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5LC00175G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Block copolymer fluorosurfactants are frequently utilized to stabilize water–oil interfaces in droplet microfluidics, enabling parallel and compartmentalized biochemical reactions within individual droplets. Surfactants are able to self-assemble into inverse micelles with the concentration exceeding the critical micelle concentration (CMC), which has been identified as the main reason causing cross-contamination among droplets. This study explored the possibility to utilize the inverse micelles for passive cargo delivery from the fluorocarbon oil phase into the aqueous droplet interior, which has rarely been studied previously. We presented a novel strategy to load the molecular cargo, in this case calcium, into the inverse micelles and subsequently transport it into the water-in-oil droplets. Specifically, calcium chloride was firstly solvated with methanol and well-dispersed in fluorocarbon oil containing fluorosurfactants. Upon interaction with droplets containing un-crosslinked alginate stabilized by the same kind of fluorosurfactant, calcium ions were able to transport from inverse micelles through the water–oil interface and ultimately to the aqueous droplets, as observed by the successful production of alginate beads through ionic crosslinking of alginate in the microdroplets. The cytotoxicity of methanol was also validated to be minimal in two tested cell lines, suggesting the potential for broad adoption of alginate microbeads produced by the proposed approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 18","pages":" 4588-4597"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lc/d5lc00175g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144840144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of fluid diffusion kinetics in nanochannels using micro-Raman spectrometry","authors":"Jingyu Chen, Haowei Lu, Kecheng Zeng, Haidong Ji, Peixue Jiang, Rui-Na Xu","doi":"10.1039/d5lc00549c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5lc00549c","url":null,"abstract":"Fluid diffusion kinetics in nanopores is crucial for shale oil exploitation but influenced by complex pore structure and fluid-wall interactions. Core-scale experiments are difficult to decouple diffusion in nanopores and micron-pores, molecular simulations are time-consuming when handling pores with diameters larger than 10 nm, and nanofluidic experiments via conventional optical methods are challenging to measure fluid concentrations. Currently, there is no reliable method to investigate fluid diffusion in typical shale nanopores (diameters = 10~100 nm). Here, we report a nanofluidic method combining microscopic Raman spectroscopy to investigate diffusion in nanochannels imitating shale nanopores. A “channel-channel-cell” chip design enables real-time detection of fluid concentrations in microcells and measurement of diffusion coefficients in nanochannels, and a self-made temperature control module enables precise adjustment of fluid temperature. By this method, interdiffusion experiments of n-octane-1-octene mixture and n-octane-cyclooctane mixture in nanochannels (depths = 21~173 nm) are conducted. We report that the diffusion in nanochannels still conforms to Fick’s diffusion law, and the diffusion coefficients in channels with a minimum depth of 21 nm and at different temperatures (22~110℃) exhibit no obvious deviation from the bulk phase, suggesting that fluid-wall interactions have no significant effect on diffusion kinetics in our experiments. The consistency of the experimental results and classical predictions also validates the reliability of our method, which fills the gap in researches on fluid diffusion in nanopores and has promising application prospects. Diffusion in nanochannels with more types of fluids, more complex channel structures and smaller depth of channel can be furthered investigated by this method.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144825970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanding channels enhanced diffractive SAW actuated particle enrichment in vacuum-sealed microfluidic channels","authors":"David J. Bryan, Kirill Kolesnik, Crispin Szydzik, Arnan Mitchell, Kelly L. Rogers, David J. Collins","doi":"10.1039/d4lc00913d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4lc00913d","url":null,"abstract":"Diffractive surface acoustic wave (SAW) methods have recently emerged as a promising approach for bioparticle manipulation and enrichment, with advantages in flexibility and ease of alignment compared to standing-wave SAW based micromanipulation. Here we demonstrate a diffraction-based focusing approach based on an expanding channel that multiplicatively improves enrichment efficiency. Uniquely, this permits the generation of particle enrichment across several acoustic wavelengths, where particles are first focussed along channel walls, with the cross-section of the flow subsequently being arbitrarily expanded. We numerically and experimentally validate the generated pressure fields across two expanding channel geometries with comparison to a uniform channel cross-section. We further integrate a vacuum seal to improve device usability and allow for comparison of multiple designs using a single transducer. Quantitative analysis of particle enrichment was performed for each device, with expanded channels demonstrating enrichment factors and flow rates several times that of constant width designs. These advancements in enrichment through expanding channel diffractive acoustic methods hold significant promise for various applications in biomedical research, including enhanced diagnostics and therapeutics development.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144825975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pore-scale mechanisms of salt precipitation in heterogeneous media under geological carbon storage conditions","authors":"Ge Zhang, Jon Burger, Josephine Schembre-McCabe, Anthony R. Kovscek","doi":"10.1039/d5lc00696a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5lc00696a","url":null,"abstract":"Salt precipitation, driven by CO2-induced brine dry-out in deep saline formations, poses a significant risk to the long-term efficiency and safety of geological carbon storage. We developed a porous media lab-on-a-chip platform that mimics intrinsic heterogeneity by embedding small-scale features into a high-permeability matrix. The model effectively reproduces dual-permeability zones with permeability values comparable to real rock samples. Using this platform, we investigated the pore-scale dynamics of salt precipitation and dissolution under the contrasting permeability condition. High-resolution microscopy and three-dimensional confocal laser scanning enabled visualization of salt, brine, and CO2 phases as well as volumetric quantification of salt crystals. Distinct stages of salt crystallization were found as the initial nucleation locations within residual brine in high-permeability zones, followed by sustained growth of crystals from bulk fluid in brine layers, and the salt formation along permeability transition boundaries due to enhanced evaporation of bypassed residual brine in low-permeability regions. Due to increased capillarity caused by crystallization in low-permeability regions, brine flows out from the downstream end of the low-permeability region. This leads to the invasion of CO2 from the downstream portion of the hetereogeneity rather than the upstream. Precipitated salt modifies imbibition pathways and impacts long-term dissolution behavior when the injection stops. The findings highlight the capability of the microfluidic system to replicate complex geological salt precipitation and provide insight into mechanisms for CO2 storage.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144840145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microfluidic technologies for wearable and implantable biomedical devices","authors":"Ziheng Wang, Ankit Shah, Hyowon Lee and Chi Hwan Lee","doi":"10.1039/D5LC00499C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5LC00499C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Microfluidic technologies are transforming wearable and implantable biomedical devices by enabling precise, real-time analysis and control of biofluids at the microscale. Integrating soft, biocompatible materials with advanced sensing and fabrication techniques, these systems offer promising solutions for continuous health monitoring, targeted drug delivery, and responsive therapeutics. This review outlines critical design considerations, material strategies, and fluid handling mechanisms essential for device performance and biocompatibility. We systematically examine key fabrication approaches—including soft lithography, 3D printing, laser micromachining, and textile-based methods—highlighting their advantages and limitations for wearable and implantable applications. Representative use cases such as sweat analysis, interstitial fluid sampling, ocular diagnostics, wound monitoring, and <em>in vivo</em> therapeutic systems are explored, alongside current challenges in long-term stability, power management, and clinical translation. Finally, we discuss future directions involving bioresorbable materials, AI-assisted diagnostics, and wireless integration that may drive the next generation of personalized microfluidic healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 18","pages":" 4542-4576"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lc/d5lc00499c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144825967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Droplet-based cell viability assay for analysis of spheroid formation, proliferation and high-resolution IC50 profiling","authors":"Mario Saupe, Stefan Wiedemeier, Franziska Moll, J. Michael Köhler, Doris Heinrich, Karen Lemke","doi":"10.1039/d5lc00495k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5lc00495k","url":null,"abstract":"Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures or samples generated from biopsies are typically used as patient-specific <em>in vitro</em> models. As 3D cell cultures form cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions and mimic the <em>in vivo</em> situation better compared to monolayer cultures, they provide more reliable data for drug screening applications. In the field of drug screening, microfluidics is moving to the forefront for testing the efficacy of drugs, as measured by IC<small>₅₀</small> values. Droplet-based microfluidics not only shares the advantages of well plate-based systems but also those that go beyond. The high-throughput character of droplet-based microfluidics enables the generation of hundreds of droplets per minute, with smaller volumes than in well plate-based systems. The high level of automation and the closed character of such systems permit a higher reproducibility of the generated data, as the well-known problem of evaporation in well plates is negligible. In this study, a modular droplet-based microfluidic platform is introduced that facilitates the formation of 3D cell cultures. For assessing cell viability in spheroids of the human embryonic kidney cell line, HEK-293, a resazurin-based CellTiter-Blue® assay was established on a droplet-based platform. Here, the <em>pipe based bioreactors</em> (<em>pbb</em>) technology was used to create a continuous drug gradient, enabling the realisation of 290 concentration levels within a single droplet sequence to determine high-resolution IC<small>₅₀</small> values. Consequently, the <em>pbb</em> technology exceeds the state of the art, as only discrete concentrations of drugs are investigated in well plate-based systems. DMSO was used for drug testing experiments, as drugs are typically dissolved in it. As it is important that healthy cells are not affected by the drug or its solvents, the influence of DMSO was examined. Overall, the presented platform not only offers a robust and precise tool for validating drug efficacy using 3D cell cultures but also provides the basis for developing innovative therapies across a wide range of diseases. The modular design of the <em>pbb</em> platform provides the flexibility to address a variety of biomedical applications, ultimately accelerating personalized medicine to deliver better outcomes for patients.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144825964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous and tunable droplet splitting using standing-wave acoustofluidics","authors":"Duo Xu, Yongmao Pei, Wei Qiu","doi":"10.1039/d5lc00592b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5lc00592b","url":null,"abstract":"Droplet splitting plays an important role in droplet microfluidics by providing precise control over droplet size, which is essential for applications such as single-cell analysis, biochemical reactions, and the fabrication of micro- and nanosized material. Conventional methods of droplet splitting using obstructions or junctions in the microchannel have a clear limitation that the split ratio for a particular device remains fixed, while existing active splitting methods are either limited by low flow rates or by the specific types of droplets they can handle. In this study, we demonstrate that droplet splitting can be achieved simply using a one-dimensional standing-wave field excited within a microchannel. The mechanism of droplet splitting is investigated using theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and high-speed imaging. It is found that splitting occurs due to the opposing acoustic radiation pressure acting on the two sides of the droplet, when the droplet with a negative contrast factor was placed near the pressure node. The entire splitting process can be characterized by necking, full-stretch, and splitting regimes, and it is completed in approximately 1 ms or less, demonstrating the capability to perform in-flow droplet splitting at high throughput. Continuous droplet splitting is successfully performed at a flow rate of 161 µL/min with an equal split ratio, and at flow rates between 33.1 and 45.1 µL/min with unequal split ratios ranging from 0.27 to 0.7. Selective and controllable cross-phase particle manipulation is achieved through droplet splitting and subsequent acoustic actuation, thereby extending the capabilities of droplet microfluidics in microreactions and drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144819486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-CEM-embedded microfluidic system for simultaneous molecular enrichment and separation by multi-stage ion concentration polarization","authors":"Yixing Gou, Guowei Sun, Runze Sun, Jun Huang, Zirui Li","doi":"10.1039/d5lc00440c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5lc00440c","url":null,"abstract":"Ion concentration polarization (ICP) effect is widely utilized in low-abundance particle preconcentration with high enrichment factor. However, it is still challenging to realize the locational molecular separation based on their mobilities in traditional single-cation-exchange-membrane (CEM) microsystem. In this study, we developed a multi-CEM-embedded molecular enrichment and separation system leveraging the ICP effect, where analytes could be selectively enriched at distinct membrane interfaces. The enrichment and separation mechanism and the coupling effect of two membranes are studied, and the results show that insufficient depletion effect before the first cation exchange membrane (1st-CEM) would decline the separation efficiency before the second cation exchange membrane (2nd-CEM). Conversely, an intensified depletion effect at the 2nd-CEM nearly has no influence on enrichment and separation performance of the 1st-CEM. To validate these findings, fluorescein sodium and sulforhodamine B are selected to demonstrate the behavior of analytes along the multi-stage ICP microsystem. The results show that sodium fluorescein and sulforhodamine B could be successfully enriched at the two membrane interfaces, achieving enrichment factors of 5600 and 6200, respectively, at a flow rate of Q1 = 6 μL/h and applied voltages of VL = 100 V and VM = 400 V. This device could provide a novel strategy and theoretical framework for the simultaneous enrichment and separation of multiple analytes, as well as for the design of multi-stage ion concentration polarization systems.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144819485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}