Lab on a ChipPub Date : 2025-09-23DOI: 10.1039/D5LC00627A
Kevin M. Joslin, Sophia Dateshidze, Seung Won Shin, Adam R. Abate and Iain C. Clark
{"title":"Deterministic cell pairing with simultaneous microfluidic merging and sorting of droplets","authors":"Kevin M. Joslin, Sophia Dateshidze, Seung Won Shin, Adam R. Abate and Iain C. Clark","doi":"10.1039/D5LC00627A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5LC00627A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Cell–cell interactions drive immune activation, tissue repair, and stem cell fate, yet there are few methods that can create large numbers of pre-defined cell pairs to study cell crosstalk. Droplet microfluidics allows high-throughput compartmentalization of multiple cells, but random loading results in <1% of droplets containing the desired combinations. Here, we present <img>air <img>solation by <img>oalescence and <img>orting (PICS), a microfluidic platform that can generate specific cell pairs through droplet merging and sorting (‘merge-sorting’). PICS detects target combinations using fluorescence and triggers simultaneous electrocoalescence and dielectrophoretic sorting. Using fluorescent dye-loaded droplets, we achieved 98.6% purity of merged and sorted droplets. In experiments using cells stained with three distinct dyes, >90% of desired cell pairs were recovered – compared to fewer than 1% when using random Poisson loading. To demonstrate the utility of PICS for extended co-culture studies, we merged cells in an alginate solution with calcium chloride droplets, producing monodisperse alginate hydrogels in which 93.3% of the beads contained target cell pairs that maintained viability over 18 hours. Compared to selective merger, this approach physically isolates desired droplets, eliminating unmerged contaminants and enabling cleaner downstream workflows. PICS allows off-chip pre-incubation of droplets before pairing, the merger of reagents for multi-step assays, and the rapid isolation of desired droplet pairs – capabilities not jointly accessible with existing approaches. In summary, PICS is a flexible platform to enrich specific combinations of droplets, cells, or particles for high-throughput studies of cell crosstalk.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 5497-5505"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145127930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lab on a ChipPub Date : 2025-09-23DOI: 10.1039/d5lc00634a
Eden Dotan, Dana Yagoda-Aharoni, Eli Shapira, Natan T. Shaked
{"title":"Label-Free Imaging Flow Cytometry with Rare Cell Classification using Motion-Sensitive-Triggered Interferometry","authors":"Eden Dotan, Dana Yagoda-Aharoni, Eli Shapira, Natan T. Shaked","doi":"10.1039/d5lc00634a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5lc00634a","url":null,"abstract":"We present a label-free imaging flow cytometry system that integrates a microfluidic chip imaged by a motion-sensitive (event-based) camera and an interferometric-phase-microscopy module using a simple frame-based camera. The event camera captures activity from the flowing cells corresponding to thousands of frames per second and triggers the significantly slower interferometric camera when a rare cell, requiring more sensitive analysis, is detected via a single raw-interferogram analysis, significantly reduicng data volume. The raw interferometric data serves as an input to a deep neural network for rare-cell classification. We demonstrate using this system to detect and grade rare cancer cells in blood, where the event camera is used to rapidly classify between the common white blood cells and the rare cancer cells, and the interferometric camera is used to grade the cancer cell type (primary/metastatic), as a human model for detecting and grading circulating tumor cells in liquid biopsies. This hybrid approach enables efficient data acquisition, rapid processing, and high sensitivity, significantly reducing computational load, and is expected to find various applications in detecting and processing rare cells in imaging flow cytometry.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lab on a ChipPub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1039/D5LC00359H
Chanyang Lee, Seokgyu Han, Seulgi Lee, Jaehyun Lee, Sein Kim, Seunggyu Ko, Howon Lee and Sungsu Park
{"title":"ECM-integrated hanging drop platform for spatially controlled assessment of immune cell regulated tumour invasion","authors":"Chanyang Lee, Seokgyu Han, Seulgi Lee, Jaehyun Lee, Sein Kim, Seunggyu Ko, Howon Lee and Sungsu Park","doi":"10.1039/D5LC00359H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5LC00359H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a crucial role in tumour progression and metastasis. Although spheroids effectively model tumour invasion by mimicking <em>in vivo</em> 3D structures, their formation and subsequent mixing with the matrix make it difficult to control their position in the 3D matrix, leading to deep embedding and hindering the assessment of immune cell-mediated regulation of invasion. This paper introduces an extracellular matrix (ECM)-integrated hanging drop platform that enables simultaneous spheroid formation and matrix incorporation, allowing precise spatial control and direct assessment of immune cell-mediated regulation of invasion. In the presence of microglia (MG), cancer cells rapidly migrate out of the spheroids through the ECM, demonstrating cancer invasion. The cytotoxic effect of natural killer (NK) cells on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) spheroids is decreased owing to the inhibition of NK cell infiltration in the presence of MG, highlighting the immunosuppressive nature of the TIME. However, inhibiting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation with drugs halts MG-induced immunosuppression and enhances NK cell infiltration. This model enables efficient high-throughput screening and is the first to allow for precise quantification of the effects of the STAT3 inhibitor on tumour invasion, immune cell movement, and behaviour within a physiologically relevant GBM TIME model.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 5617-5627"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lab on a ChipPub Date : 2025-09-20DOI: 10.1039/d5lc00389j
Aisha Hamidu, Omar Abdelgawad, Ahmed Azmeer, Mohamed Abdelgawad
{"title":"Analysis of Sperm Beating Characteristics Using Microfluidic Trapping and Machine-Learning-Based Flagellum Tracking","authors":"Aisha Hamidu, Omar Abdelgawad, Ahmed Azmeer, Mohamed Abdelgawad","doi":"10.1039/d5lc00389j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5lc00389j","url":null,"abstract":"Male infertility affects a significant portion of couples worldwide, with standard semen analysis often failing to identify functional deficiencies in sperm performance. This study presents a microfluidic platform for characterizing sperm flagellar beating patterns with unprecedented detail, providing insights into sperm functional parameters potentially linked to unexplained infertility. We combined microcontact printing of fibronectin adhesion spots with machine-learning-based flagellum tracking to immobilize sperm heads while allowing free flagellar movement, enabling precise analysis of beating characteristics. Our tracking algorithm utilizes YOLOv8 (You Only Look Once) machine learning-based computer vision model and which we trained using 750 manually annotated images of sperm cells. We used keypoint detection along the sperm flagellum to calculate critical beating parameters including the beating amplitude, frequency, and asymmetry patterns. To validate the platform, we investigated the effects of established capacitation and hyperactivation agents on sperm motility. Caffeine treatment (10-40 mM) increased flagellar beat amplitude by up to 65% while decreasing frequency by approximately 50%, with pronounced asymmetrical beating consistent with hyperactivation. Heparin exposure (10-100 μg/ml) similarly enhanced beating amplitude by approximately 25% without significantly altering frequency. We also analysed the beating pattern of sperm cells immobilized inside a microchannel under different flow velocities. Results revealed a decrease in the beating frequency when sperm cells were subjected to flow. The platform eliminates the need for sophisticated sperm tracking techniques which facilitates high-throughput analysis under controlled physicochemical conditions. By enabling detailed characterization of sperm flagellar behaviour under various stimuli, our platform offers a valuable tool for investigating molecular mechanisms underlying idiopathic male infertility and evaluating potential therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145089586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lab on a ChipPub Date : 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1039/D5LC90098K
Phebe De Keyser, Mitch de Waard, Ignaas S. M. Jimidar, Sandrien Verloy, Steven Janvier, Valentina Kalichuk, Thomas Zögg, Alexandre Wohlkönig, Els Pardon, Jan Steyaert and Gert Desmet
{"title":"Correction: A nanobody-based microfluidic chip for fast and automated purification of protein complexes","authors":"Phebe De Keyser, Mitch de Waard, Ignaas S. M. Jimidar, Sandrien Verloy, Steven Janvier, Valentina Kalichuk, Thomas Zögg, Alexandre Wohlkönig, Els Pardon, Jan Steyaert and Gert Desmet","doi":"10.1039/D5LC90098K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5LC90098K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘A nanobody-based microfluidic chip for fast and automated purification of protein complexes’ by Phebe De Keyser <em>et al.</em>, <em>Lab Chip</em>, 2024, <strong>24</strong>, 5421–5432, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4LC00728J.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 20","pages":" 5393-5393"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lc/d5lc90098k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lab on a ChipPub Date : 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1039/D5LC00779H
Hwisu Jeon, Yukyung Park, Soo-Hyun Kim, Chang-Yeol Jung, Hongtae Kim, Eujin Um, Dong-Wook Kim and Taesung Kim
{"title":"Microfluidic single-cell drug screening: toward personalized precision therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia","authors":"Hwisu Jeon, Yukyung Park, Soo-Hyun Kim, Chang-Yeol Jung, Hongtae Kim, Eujin Um, Dong-Wook Kim and Taesung Kim","doi":"10.1039/D5LC00779H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5LC00779H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment employs several FDA-approved BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with distinct efficacy and side effects influenced by patient-specific factors. This study introduces a microfluidic cell culture array for the comparative analysis of six BCR::ABL1 TKIs, namely imatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib, ponatinib, dasatinib, and asciminib, using CML-related cell lines. The device provides a continuous, chemostat-like microfluidic environment that enables quantitative drug sensitivity scoring. The microchambers for cell culture notably offer advantages for single-cell imaging of suspension leukemia cells, which tend to aggregate in conventional culture platforms. This system supports the detailed characterization of cell viability across various TKI types and concentrations, yielding comprehensive mathematical metrics to assess relative drug efficacy. In this study, we compared drug responses in K562 and Ba/F3 BCR::ABL1 cell lines, including the T315I mutant variant, and specifically demonstrated that Ba/F3 cells harboring the T315I mutation exhibit resistance to the first- and second-generation TKIs, responding only to ponatinib and asciminib. We further validated the device with a CML patient-derived bone marrow sample, requiring only minimal adjustments to the experimental conditions. The proposed microfluidic single-cell-based screening array could refine treatment regimens and advance personalized medicine in CML.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 5638-5652"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145077679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lab on a ChipPub Date : 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1039/D5LC00460H
Kołodziejek Dominik, Szlachetka Aleksandra, Iwoń-Szczawińska Zuzanna, Drozd Marcin, Wojasiński Michał and Jastrzębska Elżbieta
{"title":"A novel holder and microfluidic system for spatially controlled hypoxia induction, mechanical stimulation and cardiac regeneration research","authors":"Kołodziejek Dominik, Szlachetka Aleksandra, Iwoń-Szczawińska Zuzanna, Drozd Marcin, Wojasiński Michał and Jastrzębska Elżbieta","doi":"10.1039/D5LC00460H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5LC00460H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Over the years, cardiovascular diseases have remained a leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating advanced experimental models to mimic the natural environment of the heart as closely as possible. New microfluidic heart models would enable precise modelling of the healthy heart as well as pathological mechanisms occurring during cardiac ischemia and testing new therapies would become more accessible than it is currently. In this study, we developed a two layer holder for creating hypoxic conditions in a dedicated microfluidic system for modelling cardiac infarction. By integrating the holder with a microsystem utilizing nanofibrous mats with iron(<small>II</small>, <small>III</small>) oxide (Fe<small><sub>3</sub></small>O<small><sub>4</sub></small>) magnetic nanoparticles we were able to create a tool for using (potentially patient specific) induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) in cardiac research. In the microsystem we induced hypoxia and conducted preliminary observations of cardiac regeneration using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We found that iPSCs express cTnT when co-cultured with hypoxia-damaged iPSC-CMs indicating that the holder with an integrated microsystem can be used for hypoxia and cardiac regeneration studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 5524-5537"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lc/d5lc00460h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145077683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lab on a ChipPub Date : 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1039/D5LC00521C
Maude Proulx, Pierre Clapperton-Richard, Laurent Potvin-Trottier, Alisa Piekny and Thomas Gervais
{"title":"Open-space microfluidics as a tool to study signaling dynamics","authors":"Maude Proulx, Pierre Clapperton-Richard, Laurent Potvin-Trottier, Alisa Piekny and Thomas Gervais","doi":"10.1039/D5LC00521C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5LC00521C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The temporal dynamics of cell signaling are a crucial way for cells to regulate their transcriptional targets and consequently may heavily influence cell responses. Improving our understanding of signaling dynamics is important for drug treatments targeting specific signaling pathways. However, studying signaling dynamics requires multiplexed, time-sensitive experiments. Here, we use an open-space microfluidic device, the microfluidic display, which enables liquid delivery from above a surface, forming defined and stable confinement zones without enclosing samples into a chip. A device with rapid reagent switching (<7 seconds) and 6 independent confinement areas is first designed. Using this platform, we study the Notch pathway in engineered C2C12 cells to display constitutively active Notch receptors upon which we force highly controlled time-dependent modulation patterns by delivering time-varying doses of the Notch inhibitor DAPT. We replicate previous findings on Notch activation with our methodology by confirming the Notch-regulated gene Hes1 is upregulated for short Notch activation pulses, while Hey1 required sustained activation. We confirm a previously observed regime switch from Hes1 to Hey1 dominance between 2 h and 3 h of activation. Finally, by varying signal pulses while keeping dose constant in six independent experiments performed simultaneously, we further show the upregulation of the Hes1 gene for multiple short pulses, while Hey1 activation depends on duty cycle length. These results highlight microfluidic displays as a valuable tool for systems biology, enabling multiplexed, high temporal resolution stimulation of signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 5592-5605"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lc/d5lc00521c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145077684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lab on a ChipPub Date : 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1039/D5LC00688K
Chunrui Chen, Tonghuan Zhan, Lin Hu, Mengyuan Ding, Xianchang Wu, Heng Wang and Bing Xu
{"title":"Barcode-integrated cellulose based microfluidic system for intelligent point-of-care blood typing","authors":"Chunrui Chen, Tonghuan Zhan, Lin Hu, Mengyuan Ding, Xianchang Wu, Heng Wang and Bing Xu","doi":"10.1039/D5LC00688K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5LC00688K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Accurate and rapid blood typing plays a critical role in life-saving clinical procedures such as blood transfusions and organ transplantation. Herein, we proposed a novel blood typing system (BloodStrips) that combines cellulose based microfluidics with universal barcode technology, achieving intelligent, rapid, and user-friendly blood type detection. The BloodStrips system employed heat transfer printing to create barcode patterns on hydrophobic cotton substrates and integrated cotton threads to construct hydrophilic channels. Meanwhile, the swinging elution method was harnessed to remove free red blood cells (RBCs) while retaining aggregated RBCs on the cotton threads, thereby resulting in creating a distinct white/red contrast at the macro level (white represents cotton thread, red represents bloodstain). The white/red barcodes with different combinations were used to represent various blood types. Based on this principle, we further developed a portable and automated blood tying chip called the BloodBar chip. It is worth noting that this device leverages a simple and straightforward smartphone scanning technique to decipher blood types, avoiding reading errors caused by ambient light intensity and personal bias. This work provides a universal and intelligent visual diagnostic platform for simple, rapid, and accurate blood typing, which may find wide applications in developing countries or resource-limited areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 5628-5637"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145077686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lab on a ChipPub Date : 2025-09-17DOI: 10.1039/D4LC01077A
João Serra, José C. Mateus, Susana Cardoso, João Ventura, Paulo Aguiar and Diana C. Leitao
{"title":"Stress-actuated partially flexible microelectrode arrays for activity recording in 3D neuronal cultures","authors":"João Serra, José C. Mateus, Susana Cardoso, João Ventura, Paulo Aguiar and Diana C. Leitao","doi":"10.1039/D4LC01077A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC01077A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are instrumental in monitoring electrogenic cell populations, such as neuronal cultures, allowing high precision measurements of electrical activity. Although three-dimensional neuronal cultures replicate the behavior of <em>in vivo</em> systems better than two-dimensional models, conventional planar MEAs are not well suited to capture activity within such networks. Novel MEA geometries can overcome this difficulty, but often at the cost of increased fabrication complexity. Here, we used the stress mismatch between thin film layers to fabricate MEAs with vertical electrodes, using methods compatible with established microfabrication protocols. A micrometric SiO<small><sub>2</sub></small> hinge enables control over the bending angle of flexible polyimide structures with embedded electrodes. The performance of the patterned electrodes was assessed before and after stress actuation, through impedance measurements, voltage noise mapping, and neuronal activity recordings. 3D MEAs with 30 × 30 μm<small><sup>2</sup></small> electrodes showed an impedance of 0.96 ± 0.07 MΩ per electrode and detected neuronal activity spikes with amplitudes as high as 400 μV. These results demonstrate the potential of the developed methods to provide a scalable approach to fabricate 3D MEAs, enabling enhanced recording capabilities for <em>in vitro</em> neuronal cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 5574-5583"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}