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Embedded Validity Scales to Examine Caregiver Response Styles When Measuring Infant/Toddler Developmental Status. 在测量婴儿/幼儿发展状态时,嵌入效度量表来检验照顾者的反应风格。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Assessment Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1177/10731911251391563
Renee Lajiness-O'Neill, Michelle Lobermeier, Angela D Staples, Annette Richard, Alissa Huth-Bocks, Seth Warschausky, H Gerry Taylor, Natasha Lang, Angela Lukomski, Laszlo Erdodi
{"title":"Embedded Validity Scales to Examine Caregiver Response Styles When Measuring Infant/Toddler Developmental Status.","authors":"Renee Lajiness-O'Neill, Michelle Lobermeier, Angela D Staples, Annette Richard, Alissa Huth-Bocks, Seth Warschausky, H Gerry Taylor, Natasha Lang, Angela Lukomski, Laszlo Erdodi","doi":"10.1177/10731911251391563","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911251391563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Validity of caregiver response to a developmental screening instrument was examined in 571 caregivers (51.7% identifying as ethnic minority) of infants/toddlers (48% female) assessed longitudinally from birth to 18 months. Three embedded validity scales were designed to detect: atypical (ATP), negative (NRS), and positive (PRS) response styles. Rates of responding on the ATP, NRS, and PRS scales relative to established validity measures, temporal stability including test-retest reliability of the scales, and relations between response styles and maternal education were examined. Response bias was low; however, significant differences due to maternal education were evident. More variable scores (ATP) and more advanced development (PRS) was consistently reported by caregivers with lower education. Caregivers with higher education reported their infants' development as less advanced (NRS). Base rates of uncommon responding ranged from 11.6% to 14.4% and 5.8% to 9.1% at liberal and conservative cut scores. Preliminary analysis of additional social-contextual sources of variation (e.g., caregiver mental health) in response styles suggests the need for complex modeling of multiple sources of bias in caregiver-reported developmental outcomes. These are the first embedded validity scales to be designed within a caregiver-reported instrument of infant/toddler development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"10731911251391563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145803146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Psychometric Properties of the Child and Adolescent PsychProfiler: Self-Report Form. 儿童和青少年心理分析者的心理测量特性:自我报告表。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Assessment Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1177/10731911251398037
Rapson Gomez, Shane Langsford, Stephen Houghton, Leila Karimi
{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Child and Adolescent PsychProfiler: Self-Report Form.","authors":"Rapson Gomez, Shane Langsford, Stephen Houghton, Leila Karimi","doi":"10.1177/10731911251398037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10731911251398037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Child and Adolescent PsychProfiler version 5 (CAPP v5) is a comprehensive multi‑informant screening measure encompassing 17 symptom scales that map onto 14 <i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</i> (5th ed.; <i>DSM-5</i>) disorders. The self‑report form (CAPP‑SRF) has not previously undergone a comprehensive psychometric evaluation. The objective of the study is to analyze the internal structure (Independent Clusters Model of Confirmatory Factor Analysis [ICM‑CFA]), reliability (α, ω), and validity evidence (discriminant, convergent, criterion‑related) of the CAPP‑SRF. Study 1 examined the 17‑factor model within a community sample of 790 adolescents (<i>M</i> = 14.48 years). Study 2 evaluated convergent, criterion‑related, and discriminant validity in a clinic‑referred sample of 173 adolescents (<i>M</i> = 14.50 years) utilizing the Conners 3‑SR, Beck Youth Inventories, Second Edition (BYI‑2), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fifth Edition (WISC‑V), and Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Third Edition (WIAT‑III). Independent‑samples <i>t</i> tests compared CAPP‑SRF means across samples. The ICM‑CFA analysis confirmed the 17‑factor structure (χ²/<i>df</i> = 3.02; standardized root mean squared error [SRMR] = .076). Scale reliability was acceptable (ω = .79-.89). Clinic participants scored significantly higher than community participants on 15 of the 17 scales (all <i>p</i> < .001; <i>d</i> = .55-1.20), supporting criterion validity. Convergent and discriminant patterns with external measures were as hypothesized (|<i>r</i>| = .32-.68; <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = .10-.46). The CAPP‑SRF demonstrates robust psychometric properties and complements the parent‑ and teacher‑report forms as an effective adolescent self‑report screener for common <i>DSM‑5</i> disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"10731911251398037"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145766845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cultural Validity of the Mental Help Seeking Attitudes Scale Among Three Racially Minoritized Groups With Chronic Pain in the United States. 心理求助态度量表在美国慢性疼痛的三个少数种族群体中的文化有效性。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Assessment Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1177/10731911251394290
Jessica L Fossum, Melissa-Ann Lagunas, Emi Ichimura, Cammy Widman, Elizabeth Mateer, Koji Tohmon, Joel Jin
{"title":"Cultural Validity of the Mental Help Seeking Attitudes Scale Among Three Racially Minoritized Groups With Chronic Pain in the United States.","authors":"Jessica L Fossum, Melissa-Ann Lagunas, Emi Ichimura, Cammy Widman, Elizabeth Mateer, Koji Tohmon, Joel Jin","doi":"10.1177/10731911251394290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10731911251394290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Mental Help Seeking Attitudes Scale (MHSAS) is commonly used in psychological research. This nine-item unidimensional scale was designed to measure how favorable or unfavorable respondents' attitudes are toward seeking help from a mental health professional and was originally validated using a primarily White sample. To address the potential limitations of using this scale cross-culturally, we recruited participants who identified as Asian American (<i>n</i> = 161), Black American (<i>n</i> = 259), and Latine American (<i>n</i> = 259) to take the MHSAS, and then we ran confirmatory factor analyses. Our samples also all consisted of individuals with chronic pain. The original measure validation demonstrated excellent overall model fit; however, all three of our non-White samples had only adequate overall model fit and factor loading values. An exploratory bifactor analysis still confirmed the unidimensional structure of the scale. These findings suggest that the MHSAS should be used cautiously in cross-cultural contexts with racially minoritized groups experiencing chronic pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"10731911251394290"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145707109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Item Response Theory Analysis and Differential Item Functioning of the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale. 社交外表焦虑量表的项目反应理论分析与差异项目功能。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Assessment Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241306370
Tapan A Patel, Morgan Robison, Jesse R Cougle
{"title":"Item Response Theory Analysis and Differential Item Functioning of the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale.","authors":"Tapan A Patel, Morgan Robison, Jesse R Cougle","doi":"10.1177/10731911241306370","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911241306370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the item- and scale-level functioning of the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) as well as differential functioning by gender using an item response theory (IRT) analysis. SAAS data collected from 840 college students were analyzed. A graded response model was used to analyze the 16 items comprising the SAAS. The measure was found to be unidimensional in its factor structure, and every item demonstrated high to very high ability to differentiate respondents varying in levels of the underlying trait (i.e., appearance concerns). In addition, we found evidence of differential item functioning (DIF) by gender for four items, corresponding to small effect sizes. Two of these items were related to internal experiences of appearance concerns (e.g., nervousness and discomfort when a flaw is noticed by others) that were more likely to be endorsed by women, and two of the items were related to external evaluative experiences related to appearance (e.g., missing opportunities and life being more difficult) that were more likely to be endorsed by men. Overall, the IRT and DIF results suggest that the SAAS effectively identifies appearance concerns among individuals with low to very high appearance concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1293-1305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Revisiting the Evidence of Validity and Measurement Invariance Using the Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling. 生活意义问卷:用探索性结构方程模型重新审视效度和测量不变性的证据。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Assessment Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241304223
Veljko Jovanović, Mihajlo Ilić, Dušana Šakan, Ingrid Brdar
{"title":"The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Revisiting the Evidence of Validity and Measurement Invariance Using the Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling.","authors":"Veljko Jovanović, Mihajlo Ilić, Dušana Šakan, Ingrid Brdar","doi":"10.1177/10731911241304223","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911241304223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) assesses two distinct dimensions of meaning in life: presence of meaning and search for meaning. The MLQ is the most widely used instrument for measuring meaning in life, yet there is a limited variety of validity evidence on the originally proposed two-factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) solution. In this light, the present research examined, across five studies (total <i>N</i> = 3,205), several aspects of the MLQ's validity and tested cross-gender and cross-national measurement invariance. We also examined the usefulness of the exploratory structural equation model (ESEM) of the MLQ as an alternative to the standard CFA model. The results obtained provide evidence for: (a) the validity (structural, convergent, concurrent, and incremental) of the MLQ ESEM factors; (b) full scalar invariance of the MLQ ESEM model across gender and partial measurement invariance across four countries; and (c) similar cross-national relationships between MLQ ESEM factors and measures of depression and life satisfaction. The present research provides support for the value of applying the ESEM framework in overcoming limitations of the CFA model when examining evidence on the MLQ's validity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1274-1292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Completion Rates of Smart Technology Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) in Populations With a Higher Likelihood of Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 智能技术生态瞬间评估(EMA)在认知障碍可能性较高人群中的完成率:一项系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Assessment Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241306364
Kate Fifield, Kanyakorn Veerakanjana, John Hodsoll, Jonna Kuntsi, Charlotte Tye, Sara Simblett
{"title":"Completion Rates of Smart Technology Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) in Populations With a Higher Likelihood of Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Kate Fifield, Kanyakorn Veerakanjana, John Hodsoll, Jonna Kuntsi, Charlotte Tye, Sara Simblett","doi":"10.1177/10731911241306364","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911241306364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ecological Momentary Assessment using smartphone technology (smart EMA) has grown substantially over the last decade. However, little is known about the factors associated with completion rates in populations who have a higher likelihood of cognitive impairment. A systematic review of Smart EMA studies in populations who have a higher likelihood of cognitive impairment was carried out (PROSPERO; ref no CRD42022375829). Smartphone EMA studies in neurological, neurodevelopmental and neurogenetic conditions were included. Six databases were searched, and bias was assessed using Egger's test. Completion rates and moderators were analyzed using meta-regression. Fifty-five cohorts were included with 18 cohorts reporting confirmed cognitive impairment. In the overall cohort, the completion rate was 74.4% and EMA protocol characteristics moderated completion rates. Participants with cognitive impairment had significantly lower completion rates compared with those without (<i>p</i> = .021). There were no significant moderators in the cognitive impairment group. Limitations included significant methodological issues in reporting of completion rates, sample characteristics, and associations with completion and dropout rates. These findings conclude that smart EMA is feasible for people with cognitive impairment. Future research should focus on the efficacy of using smart EMA within populations with cognitive impairment to develop an appropriate methodological evidence base.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1175-1194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12579720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Taxometric Analysis and External Validation of the Latent Structure of Student Risks and Needs. 学生风险与需求潜在结构的分类分析与外部验证。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Assessment Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241299499
David K Marcus, Paul S Strand, Brian F French
{"title":"A Taxometric Analysis and External Validation of the Latent Structure of Student Risks and Needs.","authors":"David K Marcus, Paul S Strand, Brian F French","doi":"10.1177/10731911241299499","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911241299499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study applied taxometric analyses to the Washington Assessment of Risks and Needs of Students (WARNS)-an instrument designed to assess multiple domains of functioning related to justice system involvement arising from school disengagement-a trajectory referred to as <i>the school to prison pipeline</i>. Previous taxometric studies of constructs related to juvenile justice system involvement found dimensional rather than taxonic (dichotomous) latent structures. Participants were 5008 students from 89 Washington school districts who completed the WARNS as part of standard educational practices. The results were uniformly consistent with a dimensional latent structure. Also supporting a dimensional latent structure, dichotomized WARNS scores were significantly less strongly associated with student arrests, school suspensions, and school skip days than continuous WARNS scores. These findings support the dimensionality of risk and needs and have implications for assessments undertaken to improve school and social outcomes for at-risk youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1265-1273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Response Rates, Reliability, and Convergent Validity in Experience Sampling Data. 经验抽样数据的响应率、信度和收敛效度。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Assessment Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241300002
Jeffrey S Simons, Stephen A Maisto, Raluca M Simons, Jessica A Keith, Tibor P Palfai, Kyle J Walters, Surabhi Swaminath, Kawon Kim, Patrick J Ronan
{"title":"Response Rates, Reliability, and Convergent Validity in Experience Sampling Data.","authors":"Jeffrey S Simons, Stephen A Maisto, Raluca M Simons, Jessica A Keith, Tibor P Palfai, Kyle J Walters, Surabhi Swaminath, Kawon Kim, Patrick J Ronan","doi":"10.1177/10731911241300002","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911241300002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined associations of compliance rate with the reliability and convergent validity of intoxication and negative affect assessments in experience sampling method (ESM) data in three samples (Veterans, Sexual Minority Men, and College Students). Convergent validity was operationalized as within-person associations between daily aggregates of random in situ assessments and retrospective daily assessments or transdermal alcohol assessments. Measures with lower ICC require more assessments for a reliable aggregate (e.g., daily mean). In this regard, the number of completed assessments and intraclass correlation (ICC), rather than compliance with the protocol per se, determines reliability. Although convergent validity was correlated with compliance rate, the relatively weak associations reflect that there are individuals with excellent compliance yet poor convergent validity as well as individuals with poor compliance and excellent convergent validity. The pattern of results does not show a clear threshold for compliance (e.g., 80%) that differentiates good versus poor validity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1195-1210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement Equivalence of Family Functioning and Psychosis Risk Measures in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study. 青少年大脑认知发展研究》(Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study)中家庭功能和精神病风险测量的测量等效性。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Assessment Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241298079
Charlie C Su, Camilo J Ruggero, Craig S Neumann, David C Cicero
{"title":"Measurement Equivalence of Family Functioning and Psychosis Risk Measures in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development<sup>SM</sup> Study.","authors":"Charlie C Su, Camilo J Ruggero, Craig S Neumann, David C Cicero","doi":"10.1177/10731911241298079","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911241298079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Decades of research show a clear link between family factors and psychopathology. Family functioning varies across cultures, suggesting potential cultural differences in the association between family factors and psychopathology. In addition, assessing family functioning generally involves tools not systematically validated for diverse cultural backgrounds. Using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development<sup>SM</sup> data (<i>N</i> = 11,864), this study found: (a) full scalar invariance was tenable for the Children's Reports of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) and Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief Child Version (PQ-BC) across race/ethnicity, but not for the Family Environment Scale (FES) and Parental Monitoring Survey (PMQ); (b) the CRPBI and PMQ were significantly associated with the PQ-BC, and (c) all three family scales had equivalent relations with the PQ-BC across groups. This highlights the importance of evaluating scales for measurement invariance across race/ethnicity. Results also help to connect specific family factors to the etiology of psychosis risk among U.S. children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1250-1264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the Impact of Deleting (or Retaining) a Biased Item: A Procedure Based on Classification Accuracy. 探索删除(或保留)有偏见的项目的影响:一个基于分类准确性的过程。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Assessment Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241298081
Meltem Ozcan, Mark H C Lai
{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Deleting (or Retaining) a Biased Item: A Procedure Based on Classification Accuracy.","authors":"Meltem Ozcan, Mark H C Lai","doi":"10.1177/10731911241298081","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911241298081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychological test scores are commonly used in high-stakes settings to classify individuals. While measurement invariance across groups is necessary for valid and meaningful inferences of group differences, full measurement invariance rarely holds in practice. The classification accuracy analysis framework aims to quantify the degree and practical impact of noninvariance. However, how to best navigate the next steps remains unclear, and methods devised to account for noninvariance at the group level may be insufficient when the goal is classification. Furthermore, deleting a biased item may improve fairness but negatively affect performance, and replacing the test can be costly. We propose item-level effect size indices that allow test users to make more informed decisions by quantifying the impact of deleting (or retaining) an item on test performance and fairness, provide an illustrative example, and introduce <i>unbiasr</i>, an R package implementing the proposed methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1211-1225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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