Asian Biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Recombinant phospholipase A₂ inhibitor of <i>Sinonatrix annularis</i> (ringed water snake) attenuates hemorrhagic action of the venom from <i>Daboia siamensis</i> (Siamese Russell's viper).","authors":"Wichit Thaveekarn, Jureeporn Noiphrom, Asada Leelahavanichkul, Orawan Khow","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) is a common enzyme in snake venoms from many species that hydrolyzes phospholipids in cell membranes, causing local and systemic adverse effects. Interestingly, PLA₂ inhibitors in the snake blood are a natural neutralization against PLA₂ that is leaked into the circulation. Hence, synthesizing liver PLA₂ inhibitors might be a novel and effective anti-venom strategy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To test if PLA₂ inhibitor gamma form (PLIϒ) reduces the hemorrhagic effect of crude <i>Daboia siamensis (D. siamensis</i>) (a venomous viper with high PLA₂ abundance in the venom).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PLIϒ was synthesized and purified from the data of <i>Sinonatrix annularis</i>. Then, PLA₂ activity in the snake venoms was screened and tested against PLA₂ activity from crude <i>D. siamensis</i> venom. The hemorrhage effect of crude D. <i>siamensis</i> was measured with the minimum hemorrhagic activity dose in mice with and without PLIϒ.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>D. siamensis</i> had the highest PLA₂ activity among the 5 selected venomous snakes. The PLIϒ reduced the PLA₂ activity of crude <i>D. siamensis</i> by up to 34.8% (<i>in vitro</i>) and decreased hemorrhagic spots in mice by up to 30.2% on the inner surface of mouse skins compared with controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PLIϒ reduced PLA₂ activity and was effective in mitigating the hemorrhagic effect of crude <i>D. siamensis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 6","pages":"394-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12919382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147269882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic research on antitoxin profiles: a key link to the management of snakebites.","authors":"","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 6","pages":"314-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12919379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147269932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A beginner's guide to the clinical approach and key concepts of glomerular disease: a mini review.","authors":"Suwasin Udomkarnjananun, Talerngsak Kanjanabuch, Dennis A Hesselink","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glomerular disease is a common issue in nephrology, where prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to halting disease progression and preventing the development of chronic kidney disease or end-stage kidney disease. The initial approach and differential diagnosis remain essential clinical skills for ensuring timely investigation and management. In an era of advanced molecular diagnostics in histopathology and biologic therapies, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding a general introduction to the overarching concepts of glomerular disease. This article aims to serve as a guide for medical students and internists, offering an overview of the approach to glomerular disease, including differential diagnoses, the clinical features of nephritis and nephrotic syndrome, and common presentations that aid in diagnosis, such as foamy urine, hematuria, and proteinuria.</p>","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 6","pages":"374-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12919384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147269785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile health and hypertension in the digital era: patient perspectives on mHealth adoption and self-management in Saudi Arabia aligned with the digital health objectives of vision 2030.","authors":"Sultan M Alshahrani","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension remains a prominent public health concern in Saudi Arabia, contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. With widespread smartphone use and the national push toward digital transformation under Saudi Vision 2030, mobile health (mHealth) applications are a promising option for increasing self-management among hypertension patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to analyze the acceptance, preferences, and perceived barriers toward utilizing mHealth applications for hypertension self-management among patients in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to March 2025 utilizing an online, self-administered questionnaire disseminated across the 5 administrative regions of Saudi Arabia. The study investigated demographics, clinical factors, technology utilization, preferred app features, attitudes, and readiness to adopt mHealth solutions. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1098 respondents, 55.3% were female, and the mean age was 45.0 ± 11.8 years. A majority (95.2%) owned cellphones, although only 22.1% had used a health-related app, and 11.8% had used one for hypertension. Most participants reported great interest in app features like medication reminders (78.4%) and blood pressure tracking (71.9%). Willingness to utilize mHealth was high (85.6%), and substantially linked with education level (<i>P</i> = 0.008) and number of drugs (<i>P</i> = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reveals considerable support for mHealth integration into hypertension care in Saudi Arabia. Tailoring app design to user demands and aligning deployment with Vision 2030's digital health agenda can boost chronic illness management and patient empowerment nationally.</p>","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 5","pages":"296-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12649393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145628052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The shifting burden of gastrointestinal and liver diseases in Southeast Asia and effective control strategies.","authors":"","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 5","pages":"218-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12649389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145628038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 Thai guideline for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation.","authors":"Tachapong Ngarmukos, Komsing Methavigul, Voravut Rungpradubvong, Sirin Apiyasawat, Wanwarang Wongcharoen, Satchana Pumprueg, Warangkana Boonyapisit, Arisara Suwannagool, Thoranis Chantrarat, Pattarapong Makarawate, Treechada Wisaratapong, Kumpol Chintanavilas, Panyapat Jiampo, Rungroj Krittayaphong","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Thai Cardiac Electrophysiology Club, part of the Heart Association of Thailand under the Royal Patronage of His Majesty the King, published a Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AF) in 2012. The availability of new evidence indicates a significant need for the updating of the existing clinical practice guideline.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To serve as guidelines on the diagnosis and management of Thai patients with AF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Meetings were conducted from September 2024 to March 2025, including a public hearing that engaged various stakeholders. The final Thai version received approval in February 2025, while the English translation was completed in April 2025.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AF is highly prevalent. The diagnosis is crucial to detect those who need treatment for the prevention of complication. Holistic management focused on stroke prevention, symptom management, and management of cardiovascular risk factors; and comorbidity is the key success factor to maintain a good quality of life. Emerging evidence regarding newer classes of anticoagulant indicates that these treatments are effective and safe for stroke prevention. Newer catheter ablation technology has been developed and provides a better success rate and lower rate of complication. The newer stroke risk prediction CHA₂DS₂-VA Score is recommended for the Thai population due to its simplicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 2025 updated AF clinical practice guidelines establish a framework, provide recommendations, and serve as a comprehensive resource for the contemporary diagnosis and management of AF in the Thai population, with the goal of preventing complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 5","pages":"220-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12649414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145628017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The shifting burden of gastrointestinal and liver diseases across 11 Southeast Asian nations: a 1990-2021 systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study.","authors":"Thanathip Suenghataiphorn, Narisara Tribuddharat, Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Narathorn Kulthamrongsri","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The burden of gastrointestinal (GI) and liver diseases in Southeast Asian (SEA) nations is substantial and evolving. Understanding contemporary trends is crucial for targeted public health interventions in this heterogeneous region.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for major GI and liver diseases across 11 SEA nations from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Age-standardized DALY rates per 100,000 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. We analyzed overall trends, causes with the highest relative DALY rate increases per country (1990-2021), and countries with the highest DALY rates per cause (2021).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although infectious GI DALYs such as diarrheal diseases declined, non-communicable disease, particularly GI cancers and chronic liver diseases, showed increasing prominence. Pancreatic cancer DALYs exhibited major relative increases in Indonesia (+61.7%) and Vietnam (+51.6%). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related DALYs (including cirrhosis) surged in Malaysia (+65.3%) and Thailand (+59.7%). In 2021, Cambodia, Myanmar, and Indonesia faced the highest DALY burdens from chronic hepatitis B and C. Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, and Thailand led in colorectal cancer DALYs, while Brunei Darussalam also had high pancreatic cancer rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SEA nations confront a complex and evolving burden of transitioning GI and liver diseases. The persistent high impact of viral hepatitis, coupled with the alarming rise of NAFLD and GI cancers such as pancreatic cancer, underscores the urgent need for tailored national strategies focused on prevention, early detection, and enhanced treatment access.</p>","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 5","pages":"281-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12649395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145628087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevation of urinary alpha-1-antitrypsin and transferrin excretion in children of patients with nephrolithiasis.","authors":"Supawadee Mingmongkol, Nuttiya Kalpongnukul, Poorichaya Somparn, Trairak Pisitkun, Wattanachai Ungjaroenwathana, Piyaratana Tosukhowong, Thasinas Dissayabutra","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children of patients with nephrolithiasis (NL) are highly susceptible to stone development. Abnormal urinary mineral excretion and elevated protein/albumin excretion rates have been reported in disease-free children of patients with NL. Increased protein excretion in these children could be associated with the risk of stone formation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Explore the urinary proteomic profiles in children with NL who are highly susceptible to stone development. The suspected urinary proteins were further validated in the urine of children with and without a family history of stone formation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight patients with NL (N), 40 volunteers (V), 46 children of patients with NL (NC) and 33 children of volunteer subjects (VC) were enrolled. The 24-hour urine of the participants was collected. Thirty urine samples were randomly selected from each children's group (NC and VC) to investigate proteins with abnormal excretion. Quantitative proteomic analysis was conducted using tandem mass spectrometry. The levels of bikunin (AMBP), alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), transferrin (TF), alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (fetuin-A), and adiponectin levels were measured in all samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total urinary protein excretion was increased in both N and NC. Urinary excretion rates for 26 proteins increased and 2 proteins decreased in the NC group compared to the VC group. The urinary excretion rates of AMBP, AAT, and TF in patients with NL and their children were higher than those of control and normal children while fetuin-A was increased only in the NC group. Elevation of urinary AAT and TF was dependent on urinary supersaturation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children of patients with calcium oxalate had increased urinary protein excretion, including AAT, TF, AMBP, and fetuin-A, considering the consequences of abnormal urine compositions. Increased excretion of these proteins may impact stone formation in these high-risk childhood members by regulation of renal inflammation, oxidation, crystallization, and crystal growth. We propose that AAT and TF excretion rates are potentially used as indicators for urinary supersaturation in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 5","pages":"303-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12649397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145628035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating plasma and tissue biopsy for DNA methylation markers in early colorectal cancer detection: a systematic review.","authors":"Hans Ezekiel T Olorosisimo, Charlemagne G Sumperos, Aeryll Lesley A Adviento, Angel Ann T Lachica, John Louie A Cabalteja, An Gheline R Ubiña, Josiah T Valentin, Pamela Rose Bremner","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>DNA methylation markers are emerging as promising diagnostic tools for the early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) that can significantly improve survival rates.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the capabilities of blood plasma and tissue biopsy for detecting these markers in early CRC stages by diagnostic measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine studies published from 2020 to 2024 were analyzed, and the study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review reaffirms tissue-based samples as the gold standard based on the superior sensitivity and specificity with markers such as SFMBT2 being over 90% in the 2 parameters. However, due to its invasive nature, it challenges applicability for asymptomatic patients or routine screening. Plasma-based markers (SEPT9 and HAND1) offer a noninvasive alternative, with moderate sensitivity (40%-75.8%) and high specificity (69%-94.7%), while combining multiple markers improves overall diagnostic performance. However, most plasma-based assays evaluated in this review do not yet meet the 2021 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services approval benchmarks of ≥74% sensitivity and ≥90% specificity compared with colonoscopy, which shows the need for further optimization before its clinical implementation. QUADAS-2 illustrated a potential high risk of bias in patient selection and flow/timing domains, which underscores the need for more standardized diagnostic workflows and assay protocols.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Future research should focus on multi-marker panels, adherence to regulatory thresholds, cost-effectiveness analyses, and clear clinical management pathways to facilitate the widespread implementation of plasma-based CRC screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 5","pages":"266-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12649396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145628062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of endoscopic resection, laparoscopic resection, and laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery in esophageal or gastric subepithelial lesions in a Thai medical school.","authors":"Phuphat Vongwattanakit, Voranaddha Vacharathit, Kasaya Tantiphlachiva, Mawin Vongsaisuwon, Chadin Tharavej, Sopark Manasnayakorn, Pornpol Palanusorn","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0026","DOIUrl":"10.2478/abm-2025-0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal and gastric subepithelial lesions (SELs) are increasingly identified in routine endoscopic evaluations, necessitating optimal resection strategies. Minimally invasive techniques, including endoscopic resection (ER), laparoscopic resection (LR), and laparoscopic-endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS), have distinct advantages. The present study compares the outcomes of these techniques.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the clinical outcomes of ER, LR, and LECS in the management of esophageal or gastric SELs at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted on patients undergoing ER, LR, or LECS for esophageal and gastric SELs from January 2012 to August 2022. The primary outcome was the complete resection rate. Secondary outcomes included success rates, complications, and length of hospital stay. Statistical significance was set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 42 patients, 11 (26.2%) underwent ER, 12 (28.6%) underwent LR, and 19 (45.2%) underwent LECS. Complete resection was significantly higher in LR (100%) and LECS (84.2%) than ER (45.5%) (<i>P</i> = 0.033). Delayed bleeding occurred in 18.2% of ER cases (<i>P</i> = 0.052). Hospital stay was shortest in ER (3.9 d) and longest in LR (9.3 d) (<i>P</i> = 0.877).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While all techniques had high success rates, ER had the lowest complete resection rate and the highest bleeding risk. LR ensured complete resection but required longer hospitalization. LECS provided a balance between oncologic efficacy and safety. Surgical planning should be tailored based on tumor characteristics and surgical expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 4","pages":"209-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12442231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}