{"title":"The effect of garlic on the lowering of blood pressure in the patients with hypertension: an updated meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.","authors":"Xiao Ma, Hongying Zhang, Jinhai Jia","doi":"10.2478/abm-2025-0016","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Garlic extracts have been demonstrated to be effective supplements for reducing blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. However, contradictory observations on the efficacy of garlic extracts have been reported in different studies.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the efficacy of garlic, this study aimed to perform a meta-analysis of previously published controlled placebo trials and drew firm conclusions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched online databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct, to obtain relevant articles on the role of garlic in reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension. The literature search, data extraction, and analysis were performed independently by two researchers. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software v4 was used for all the analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve reports, comprising 405 patients treated with garlic derivatives and 333 receiving placebo, were included in this investigation. The results of the meta-analysis revealed a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (mean difference: -8.121, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -10.95 to -5.28, <i>P</i> < 0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (mean difference: -4.256, 95% CI: -5.99 to -2.52, <i>P</i> < 0.0001) in subjects treated with garlic extracts compared to those treated with placebo. Interestingly, trial sequential analysis also supports the observations of the meta-analysis and indicates that a sufficient number of trials have already been performed to reach a consensus conclusion, and further trials are not required. In addition, the GRADEing of evidence also supports the robustness of the observations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Garlic extracts significantly lower blood pressure and may be prescribed by clinicians for patients with hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":"19 3","pages":"131-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303591/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Asian Biomedicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2025-0016","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/6/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Garlic extracts have been demonstrated to be effective supplements for reducing blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. However, contradictory observations on the efficacy of garlic extracts have been reported in different studies.
Objectives: To explore the efficacy of garlic, this study aimed to perform a meta-analysis of previously published controlled placebo trials and drew firm conclusions.
Methods: We searched online databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct, to obtain relevant articles on the role of garlic in reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension. The literature search, data extraction, and analysis were performed independently by two researchers. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software v4 was used for all the analyses.
Results: Twelve reports, comprising 405 patients treated with garlic derivatives and 333 receiving placebo, were included in this investigation. The results of the meta-analysis revealed a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (mean difference: -8.121, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -10.95 to -5.28, P < 0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (mean difference: -4.256, 95% CI: -5.99 to -2.52, P < 0.0001) in subjects treated with garlic extracts compared to those treated with placebo. Interestingly, trial sequential analysis also supports the observations of the meta-analysis and indicates that a sufficient number of trials have already been performed to reach a consensus conclusion, and further trials are not required. In addition, the GRADEing of evidence also supports the robustness of the observations.
Conclusions: Garlic extracts significantly lower blood pressure and may be prescribed by clinicians for patients with hypertension.
期刊介绍：
Asian Biomedicine: Research, Reviews and News (ISSN 1905-7415 print; 1875-855X online) is published in one volume (of 6 bimonthly issues) a year since 2007. [...]Asian Biomedicine is an international, general medical and biomedical journal that aims to publish original peer-reviewed contributions dealing with various topics in the biomedical and health sciences from basic experimental to clinical aspects. The work and authorship must be strongly affiliated with a country in Asia, or with specific importance and relevance to the Asian region. The Journal will publish reviews, original experimental studies, observational studies, technical and clinical (case) reports, practice guidelines, historical perspectives of Asian biomedicine, clinicopathological conferences, and commentaries
Asian biomedicine is intended for a broad and international audience, primarily those in the health professions including researchers, physician practitioners, basic medical scientists, dentists, educators, administrators, those in the assistive professions, such as nurses, and the many types of allied health professionals in research and health care delivery systems including those in training.
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