Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"The association between family economic status and nutrient intake among preschool children attending nursery schools in Japan.","authors":"Atsuki Sakai, Katsushi Yoshita, Takako Takahashi, Tetsuko Okabe, Ruriko Sasaki, Hiromi Ishida, Hiromitsu Ogata, Aya Abe, Mitsuhiko Hara, Yukiko Yoshioka, Miho Nozue, Tatsuaki Sakamoto, Sanae Ito, Nobuko Murayama","doi":"10.6133/apjcn.202606_35(3).0015","DOIUrl":"10.6133/apjcn.202606_35(3).0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This cross-sectional study investigated the association between equivalent income and energy and nutrient intake among nursery school children.</p><p><strong>Methods and study design: </strong>A total of 761 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years participated. Energy and nutrient intakes were calculated using four-day food records consisting of two non-consecutive weekdays and two non-consecutive weekend days, collected between October and December in 2019 and 2020. Equivalent income was calculated by dividing household income by the square root of the number of household members. Nutrient inadequacy was evaluated using the DRIs for Japanese (2020). Analysis of covariance was used to compare intakes among equivalent income groups, and χ2 tests were used to compare the prevalence of nutrient inadequacy. Analyses were conducted separately by sex, with significance set at p <0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children in the low equivalent income group had a lower percentage of energy from protein, a higher percentage from carbohydrates, and lower intakes of several nutrients. Evaluations based on the DRIs showed higher prevalence of nutrient inadequacy including vitamin A, calcium and iron in the low equivalent income group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest a significant association between household economic status and dietary intake among preschool children in Japanese nursery schools. Collaboration among families, dietitians and local governments is essential to promote healthy eating habits in early childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":8486,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"35 3","pages":"522-532"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of mulberry leaves & water chestnut husk tea on postprandial and second meal interstitial glucose in healthy adults: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study.","authors":"Kenichiro Yasutake, Miwa Agune, Midori Yasuda","doi":"10.6133/apjcn.202606_35(3).0007","DOIUrl":"10.6133/apjcn.202606_35(3).0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Postprandial hyperglycaemia is a modifiable risk factor, even in healthy adults, and dietary strategies to attenuate postprandial glycaemic excursions are of clinical interest. This study investigated whether mulberry leaf and water chestnut husk tea (MW tea) attenuates postprandial and second-meal glycaemic responses in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods and study design: </strong>This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study with a washout period of at least one week examined the effects of MW tea consumption on postprandial and second-meal glycaemic responses. Twenty healthy adults consumed MW or placebo tea in a randomised crossover sequence before breakfast. Interstitial glucose levels were continuously monitored using flash glucose monitoring (FreeStyle Libre Pro). The primary outcome was the incremental area under the curve (ΔIAUC) of interstitial glucose after breakfast, and the secondary outcome was the ΔIAUC after lunch (second meal).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant intervention-by-time interactions were observed after both breakfast and lunch (second meal). The IAUC of interstitial glucose after breakfast (primary outcome) and lunch (secondary outcome) differed between the MW and placebo tea conditions. Compared with placebo tea, MW tea was associated with attenuated postprandial interstitial glucose responses after both breakfast and lunch, as quantified by ΔIAUC, with effect sizes ranging from moderate to large and achieved statistical power (1-β) generally in the moderate-to-high range.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that a single intake of MW tea may attenuate postprandial and second-meal glycaemic responses in healthy adults. These findings should be interpreted with caution and require further confirmation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8486,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"35 3","pages":"441-450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the frequency of combined staple, main, and side dishes and nutritional adequacy among young Japanese women: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Akinori Yaegashi, Ai Ota, Aki Shirahata, Hiyori Takada, Miki Nakamura, Hizuru Katou, Miyuki Kozuka","doi":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0003","DOIUrl":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Traditional Japanese diet comprises staple food, main dish, and side dish (SMS). Studies reporting the association between the frequency of SMS meals consumption and nutritional adequacy remain limited. We aimed to examine the association between the frequency of SMS meals consumption and nutritional adequacy in young Japanese women.</p><p><strong>Methods and study design: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, data from 329 female nutrition students aged 18-25 years were analysed. The frequency of SMS meals consumption more than twice a day was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire, and dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We examined the association between SMS meals consumption and likelihood of not meeting the Dietary Goal (DG) or the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) as defined in the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese. Trend analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between SMS meal frequency and the number of nutrients not meeting the DG or EAR, while adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with high frequency of SMS meals consumption (5-7 days/week) had the lowest number of nutrients not meeting the EAR and DG, with significant linear trends observed across categories (p for trend <0.001 for DG; 0.001 for EAR).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frequency of SMS meals consumption is positively associated with improved nutrient intake among young Japanese women. However, given that the participants were dietetic students with relatively high nutrition literacy, caution is needed when generalising these findings to the wider population of young Japanese women.</p>","PeriodicalId":8486,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"35 2","pages":"197-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147525860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malnutrition and associated geriatric syndromes in older outpatients: A comprehensive analysis.","authors":"Busra Akpinar, Mursel Karadavut, Cemil İnci, Ozlem Avci, Merve Erat Sasmaz, Mustafa Utlu, Omer Karasahin, Pinar Tosun Tasar","doi":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0014","DOIUrl":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate risk factors of malnutrition and the relationship between malnutrition and other geriatric syndromes in patients presenting to a geriatric outpatient clinic in Turkey.</p><p><strong>Methods and study design: </strong>The data of patients aged ≥65 years seen in a university geriatric outpatient clinic between January 2024 and January 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data and the results of a comprehensive geriatric assessment were noted. The presence of malnutrition in patients was defined according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Long Form.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 723 patients (55.9% women) with a median age of 70 years (range, 65-90 years) were included. The prevalence of malnutrition was 14.5% (95% CI 12.1-17.3%) and that of malnutrition risk was 23.9% (95% CI 21.0-27.2%). Malnutrition was found to be associated with advanced age (p = 0.002), female gender (p <0.001), chronic heart failure (p = 0.001), coronary artery disease (p = 0.001), chronic lung disease (p = 0.035), osteoporosis (p = 0.001), and depression (p = 0.001). In geriatric assessment, patients with malnutrition had significantly lower scores for independence in basic and instrumental activities of daily living and cognitive function but higher comorbidity burden, number of drugs used, and depression, sarcopenia, and frailty scores (p <0.001 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that malnutrition is highly prevalent in older adults and is associated with chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes such as depression, cognitive impairment, functional dependence, sarcopenia, frailty, and polypharmacy. Therefore, it is essential to provide early nutritional intervention to older individuals who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":8486,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"35 2","pages":"360-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147525795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dietary fat intake and fatty acid profiles and hyperuricemia among Chinese adults: Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.","authors":"Pengfeng Qu, Yingying Jiao, Liusen Wang, Weiyi Li, Hongru Jiang, Jiguo Zhang, Huijun Wang, Bing Zhang, Junhua Han, Aidong Liu, Zhihong Wang","doi":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0007","DOIUrl":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Diet is a modifiable factor influencing serum uric acid levels, but evidence on the associations between dietary fat composition and hyperuricemia (HUA) remains limited. This study examined the relationships between the proportion of energy from total fat and specific dietary fatty acids and the risk of HUA among Chinese adults.</p><p><strong>Methods and study design: </strong>Data were obtained from adults who participated in at least two follow‑up waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in 2009, 2015, and 2018. Associations and dose-response relationships were assessed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow‑up of 6.05 years among 2,722 participants, the prevalence of HUA was 10.2% (men: 14.1%; women: 7.76%). In women, energy from saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in the fourth quintile (7.88%) and from monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in the third quintile (9.97%) was positively associated with HUA (HR = 2.19, 95% CI 1.19-4.05; HR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.21-3.79), whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the third quintile (6.88%) were negatively associated (HR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.22-0.78). RCS analyses showed J‑shaped and U‑shaped as-sociations in men between total fat (37.9%, 95% CI 11.0-40.3) and PUFAs energy ratio (9.60%, 95% CI 2.25-10.7) with HUA, respectively, and an L‑shaped association in women for PUFAs energy ratio (6.25%, 95% CI 5.54-9.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest sex‑specific, non‑linear relationships be-tween total fat and different fatty acid intakes and HUA risk. Men should consider moderating total fat intake, while women should limit SFAs and moderately increase PUFAs to help reduce HUA risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":8486,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"35 2","pages":"244-254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147525850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal association between early-life famine exposure and risk of microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes in adulthood: A retrospective cohort in Tianjin, China.","authors":"Xiaocui Cheng, Qi Wu, Wei Zhao, Mingzhen Li, Huilian Duan, Li Huang, Tongtong Li, Zehao Wang, Cheng Cheng, Xukun Chen, Liyang Zhang, Yongjie Chen, Guowei Huang","doi":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0006","DOIUrl":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Previous studies have linked famine exposure to the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet its impact on diabetic microvascular complications (DMC) remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the longitudinal association between early-life famine exposure and the risk of DMC in adult-hood among individuals with T2D.</p><p><strong>Methods and study design: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted among inpatients with T2D at Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital from June 2014 to June 2022. The 2409 participants were divided into five famine exposure groups based on birth years: no exposure group (1962-1965), fetal period exposure group (1959-1961), early-childhood exposure group (1956-1958), mid-childhood exposure group (1953-1955), and late-childhood exposure group (1949-1952).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with those nonexposed, early-life famine exposure was associated with higher risks of incident overall DMC (HRtrend 1.134, 95% CI 1.052-1.223), diabetic retinopathy (DR) (HRtrend 1.193, 95% CI 1.100-1.293), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (HRtrend 1.262, 95% CI 1.117-1.425), but was not associated with diabetic neuropathy (p > 0.05). Notably, significant interactions were found between famine exposure and hypertension regarding the risk of DR, and between famine exposure and both and obesity patterns on the risk of DKD (all p for interaction < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to famine in early life was associated with increased risks of overall DMC, DR and DKD among patients with T2D. Specially, the association of DR was more pronounced in individuals with hypertension, while the association with DKD was stronger among those with hypertension or both general and abdominal obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8486,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"35 2","pages":"231-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147525825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet quality of Japanese preschool children assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2020: Nutrient and food group intake, as well as weekday-weekend differences.","authors":"Hazuki Akazawa, Atsuki Sakai, Takako Takahashi, Tetsuko Okabe, Ruriko Sasaki, Hiromi Ishida, Hiromitsu Ogata, Mitsuhiko Hara, Yukiko Yoshioka, Miho Nozue, Tatsuaki Sakamoto, Sanae Ito, Nobuko Murayama, Katsushi Yoshita","doi":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0010","DOIUrl":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>In Japan, there are no official dietary guidelines for young children and nutrients may be insufficient on weekends, compared to weekdays at nursery schools. To ensure adequate nutrition, an appropriate dietary evaluation method is required. This study used the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020, which is based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, to evaluate the diet quality of Japanese children, examine its validity through associations with nutrient and food group intake, and compare dietary characteristics on weekdays and weekends.</p><p><strong>Methods and study design: </strong>The participants were 669 children aged 3 to 5 years attending nursery schools across Japan. Relationships of HEI-2020 scores with nutrient and food group intake, and comparisons between weekdays and weekends were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median HEI-2020 score was 50/100, with almost maximum scores for Total Protein Foods, Seafood and Plant Pro-teins, and Added Sugars, while Whole Grains and Refined Grains scored zero. Additionally, the largest score differences between weekdays and weekends were found in Dairy and Greens and Beans. Higher HEI-2020 scores correlated with lower saturated fatty acids intake and higher intakes of dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Weekday scores were significantly higher and less varied than weekend scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HEI-2020 can identify nutrient intake challenges in Japanese children. Greater consumption of Dairy and Greens and Beans-components that showed large weekday-weekend differences-may improve diet quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":8486,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"35 2","pages":"281-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147525844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the diet quality of elderly Japanese using the Healthy Eating Index-2020.","authors":"Hazuki Akazawa, Yusuke Arai, Tatsuya Koyama, Atsuki Sakai, Chika Okada, Yuko Tousen, Jun Takebayashi, Hidemi Takimoto, Katsushi Yoshita","doi":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0013","DOIUrl":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Globally, efforts are underway to evaluate foods and meals by their nutritional value. In Japan, however, there is no comprehensive system for evaluating overall diet quality. The aim of this study is to use the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020, which is based on the American Dietary Guidelines, to evaluate the diet quality of independent elderly Japanese people to consider appropriate methods for evaluating the Japanese diet.</p><p><strong>Methods and study design: </strong>The subjects were 71 individuals aged 60 years or older who participated in a health examination. HEI-2020 was used to evaluate diet quality, with 13 components scored based on intake per energy unit. Associations of HEI-2020 scores with nutrient intake, food group intake, and dietary reference intakes (DRIs) for Japanese were analysed using statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median HEI-2020 score was 52/100 points. Among the components, the median score was the maximum for Saturated Fats and Added Sugars, but zero for Whole Grains and Refined Grains. The high-score group had significantly lower intake of saturated fatty acids and higher intake of dietary fiber, vitamin K, potassium, and magnesium. In comparison to DRIs, the high-score group had a significantly higher \"% meeting the reference value\" for several nutrients, including dietary fiber, magnesium, and potassium.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows that the HEI-2020 can identify nutrients such as dietary fiber and minerals that are lacking in the Japanese population. However, for more effective assessment, there is a need to adjust the reference values to match the intake of Japanese people.</p>","PeriodicalId":8486,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"35 2","pages":"347-359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147525786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaemia and adherence to weekly iron-folic acid supplementation among female senior high school students in stunting-risk areas of Ambon city, Indonesia.","authors":"Christiana Rialine Titaley, Maxwell Landri Vers Malakauseya, Ressita Fannia Iwan, Elpira Asmin, Ritha Tahitu, Sixtintia Aprilla Irene Dea, Yudhie Djuhastidar Tando, Liyani Sartika Sara, Ina Kusrini, Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini","doi":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0005","DOIUrl":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Weekly iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation has been implemented in Indonesia to reduce the prevalence of anaemia in adolescent girls. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anaemia and adherence to weekly IFA supplementation and their associated factors among adolescent girls in senior high schools in two high-stunting-prone areas of Ambon City, Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods and study design: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in August-September 2023, involving 645 adolescent girls enrolled at five senior high schools in two high-stunting-prone areas of Ambon City, namely Poka-Rumah Tiga and Laha Village. The dependent variables were anaemia (i.e., haemoglobin level <12 g/dL) and adherence to weekly IFA supplementation (i.e., consumption of one IFA tablet per week). Factors associated with anaemia and adherence to weekly IFA supplementation were examined using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 645 ado-lescent girls surveyed, 19.7% had anaemia, and 19.5% consumed weekly IFA tablets. The likelihood of developing anaemia was associated with respondents with a high level of awareness of anaemia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16-2.57). Adherence to taking weekly IFA tablets increased in those with a high level of awareness of IFA supplementation (aOR = 3.88, 95%CI: 2.46-6.10).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study showed that anaemia among adolescent girls represents a moderate to high public health problem, accompanied by low adherence to weekly IFA supplementation among adolescent girls in these areas. Strengthening school-based supplementation, parental engagement, and supply monitoring could enhance programme effectiveness and inform local health policies in Ambon City and other similar settings in Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8486,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"35 2","pages":"219-230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147525781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in Chinese adults.","authors":"Shaopeng Guo, Xiaohui Sun, Kejia Huang, Chi Pan, Xiao Liu, Weijing Wang, Feng Ning, Jie Xu, Ao Li, Dongfeng Zhang, Hairong Nan","doi":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0004","DOIUrl":"10.6133/apjcn.202604_35(2).0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This cross-sectional study explored the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older individuals in China.</p><p><strong>Methods and study design: </strong>A total of 2,956 individuals aged 45-74 years were included in the current data analysis, based on a community-based cross-sectional study from Qingdao, China. Data for this study were derived from field surveys conducted from August 2009 to November 2010. Their mean age was 57.2 ± 8.46 years, and 62.4% were women. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ). Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were conducted to examine the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the participants, 12.4% had depressive symptoms. These participants were younger, were more likely to be smokers, had a higher body mass index, and had lower income and education levels compared with individuals without depressive symptoms. Four dietary patterns were identified: Balanced, Animal-Pickled vegetables, High sugar-Alcohol, and Animal-Seafood-Egg dietary patterns. The Balanced (odds ratio = 0.53, p < 0.01) and Animal-Seafood-Egg (odds ratio = 0.74, p < 0.01) dietary patterns were negatively associated with depressive symptoms, whereas the Animal-Pickled vegetables dietary pattern was positively associated with depressive symptoms. No significant association was observed for the High sugar-Alcohol dietary pattern. Subgroup analysis revealed stronger inverse effects of Balanced and Animal-Seafood-Egg dietary patterns in women younger than 60 years, nonsmokers, and urban residents compared with in their counterparts. Sensitivity analysis confirmed stability across the continuous and quartile-based variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Balanced and Animal-Seafood-Egg dietary patterns were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms, whereas the Animal-Pickled vegetables dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8486,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"35 2","pages":"207-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13012832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147525853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}