Applied Water Science最新文献

{"title":"Photothermal magnetic Janus fabric vs cast membranes and their application in solar-based desalination","authors":"Norhan Nady,&nbsp;Nourhan Rashad,&nbsp;Noha Salem,&nbsp;Marwa Showman,&nbsp;Mohamed R. Elmarghany,&nbsp;Mohamed Salem,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Hamed,&nbsp;Sherif. H. Kandil","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02531-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02531-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water shortage poses a significant global challenge, and there is a pressing need for effective and sustainable desalination technologies that do not require brine disposal. In this study, we fabricated fiber membranes using a mixture of poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene (PcH) and poly(ethersulfone) (PES) polymers, incorporating black magnetic iron-nickel alloy nanoparticles at high molar ratios of Ni to Fe (90:10 and 80:20). The nanoparticles were integrated into the PcH/PES blend in two ways: (1) as a coating layer on the prepared fibers, and (2) both as a coating layer and dispersed within the PcH/PES polymer dope. The resulting fiber membranes were analyzed using various techniques, and their solar absorption capacity was assessed. This innovative approach of incorporating black magnetic iron-nickel alloy nanoparticles as photothermal agents into electrospun polymer fiber membranes was compared to our previous work on cast membranes made from the same iron-nickel/PcH/PES composite dope. This study reinforces the idea that increased thickness of the cast membranes can enable them to function as 3D blocks, enhancing solar heat concentration and, in turn, boosting the water evaporation rate. This study highlights our ongoing efforts to develop advanced materials and designs for effective solar-driven membrane distillation technology. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02531-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel integrated approach to predict the sodium absorption ratio (SAR) of groundwater sustainability using deep learning models and SHAP approach","authors":"Kanak N. Moharir,&nbsp;Chaitanya Baliram Pande,&nbsp;Rabin Chakrabortty,&nbsp;Malay Pramanik,&nbsp;Balamurugan Paneerselvam,&nbsp;Okan Mert Katipoğlu,&nbsp;Subodh Chandra Pal,&nbsp;Miklas Scholz,&nbsp;Krishna Kumar Yadav,&nbsp;Lamjed Mansour,&nbsp;Mohamed Elsahabi","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02521-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02521-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agriculture is a crucial factor in improving the country economic growth. With the massive impact of environment variation, supplying and measuring the quality of water for irrigation usage is a crucial task for water resource management authority. The demand for good quality water for both drinking and irrigation uses is increasing day by day in recent years. The main aim of the present study is to identify the suitability of surface water for irrigation uses in the Man River basin of Maharashtra, India using advanced techniques. These region first time is used such kind of models i.e. boosted tree, AdaBoost, decision tree, extremely randomized tree model, and feed-forward neural network (deep learning) models, and these models are better to analyze and understand the groundwater quality datasets in the saline area. The prediction results are evaluated with the use of different performance metrics, mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute relative error (MARE), Nash Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²). The study identified that the boosted tree model is more appropriate for the SAR prediction value, this model with high accuracy compared with other models. The result of this study shows that boosted tree model is very suitable for prediction of SAR and also provided the accurate information for agriculture purposes. In the first scenario, the boosted tree model shows lower value of mean squared error (MSE) of 0.26 and higher <i>R</i>² of 0.88, the second scenario shows lower value of MSE of 0.11 and higher value of <i>R</i>² of 0.91. Overall, in both the scenarios, the result of boosted tree model is more favorable for SAR% prediction. This work shows that machine and deep learning models can improve and better prediction of the groundwater quality in the study area. It is essential to understand the water quality and improve the sustainable agriculture system and development. These advanced modeling methods help to stakeholders make better water management and irrigation decisions, boosting agricultural sustainability and productivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02521-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling spatial and temporal groundwater recharge dynamics using the newly physically-based coupled model in Tana sub-basin, Ethiopia","authors":"Kibru Gedam Berhanu,&nbsp;Samuel Dagalo Hatiye,&nbsp;Tarun Kumar Lohani","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02436-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02436-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spatiotemporal evaluation of groundwater recharge is indispensable for sustainable groundwater resource and socioeconomic development of a region. However, estimation of spatiotemporal groundwater recharge using vigorous modeling approach that integrates surface water and rainfall recharge sources was not given much attention. The present paper aims to assess spatiotemporal dynamics of groundwater recharge in the Tana sub-basin employing SWAT + gwflow, a newly coupled surface water and groundwater flow model. The coupled model was calibrated using a parameter estimation tool using observed streamflow data until its performance was in the acceptable range. Trend analysis of groundwater recharge was also carried out using the modified Mann–Kendall method. Annual average volumetric recharge of 16.575, 68.786, 105.641, and 469.903 million cubic meters (MCM) were received in Megech, Ribb, Gumara, and Gilgel Abbay major watersheds of the Tana sub-basin from 1997 to 2015. This implied that the Tana sub-basin gained 661.904 MCM mean annual renewable water from these watersheds. The temporal fluctuation, trends, and magnitude of recharge depend mainly on the rainfall of the watersheds. The total simulated recharge in the main watersheds of the Tana sub-basin showed significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) decreasing trend from 2003 to 2012. In terms of spatial distribution, recharge rates ranging from 0.011 to 121.053, 0.039 to 55.547, 0.143 to 66.826, and 0.0 to 165.842 m³/day in Megech, Ribb, Gumara, and Gilgel Abbay, respectively. The higher recharge rates covered the smallest area in each watershed and found along river corridors. Additionally, the long-term annual average groundwater head was evaluated and showed a strong match with observed data. Stakeholders may apply the findings of this study for more comprehensive water policy strategic plans that incorporate both surface and groundwater management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02436-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel approach to desalination: producing potable water from seawater","authors":"Farshad Farahbod","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02540-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02540-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Freshwater production systems aim to convert seawater into usable freshwater. Two primary methods are employed: 1. Distillation: This process involves heating seawater to vaporize it, leaving behind salts. The vapor is then condensed back into freshwater. 2. Membrane processes: These utilize semipermeable membranes to separate salt from water. Reverse osmosis is a common example, where pressure forces water molecules through the membrane while leaving salts behind. Optimizing these systems often involves: (1) Minimizing seawater intake: Reducing the amount of seawater needed for a given freshwater output is crucial. (2) Chemical use reduction: Chemicals are often used for cleaning membranes, preventing scaling, and controlling biofouling. This study proposes a novel approach for producing potable water by diluting desalinated seawater with the discharge water from the South Pars Gas Complex (SPGC) first refinery. This method focuses on creating a self-sustaining system for water production that is environmentally friendly and may even improve the quality of the water. The results were compared to established Iranian and international drinking water quality standards to assess the design’s efficiency. The proposed design incorporates the following treatment steps: (A) pre-treatment, (B) dilution, (C) pH and CO₂ adjustment, (D) hardness removal, (E) secondary disinfection, (F) final polishing, (G) disinfectant injection and (H) distribution. Implementing this design has the potential to significantly reduce the consumption of sodium chloride salt (estimated at 67,000 kg) and carbon dioxide (estimated at 10,800 kg). Additionally, it might lead to a lower overall usage of calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate for pH and hardness adjustments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02540-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a novel layer network structure for a LSTM model to predict mean monthly river streamflow","authors":"Amin Gharehbaghi,&nbsp;Redvan Ghasemlounia,&nbsp;Shahaboddin Daneshvar,&nbsp;Farshad Ahmadi","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02535-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02535-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this research, novel innovative DDN layer network structures by hybridizing double-LSTM model with an addition layer (+) (<i>i.e.,</i> 2LSTM and 2LSTM + layer network models) are developed purposefully to enhance prediction performance of the mean monthly Maroon River streamflow (<i>MRSF</i>_<i>m</i>) in Iran from October 1987 to September 2017. For doing so, to select the most effective parameters on <i>MRSF</i>_<i>m</i>, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC) and Cosine amplitude sensitivity (CAS) as features selection process are carried out for potential meteorological variables in the study area (<i>i.e.,</i> average monthly temperature (<i>T</i>_<i>m</i>), evaporation (<i>ET</i>_<i>m</i>), and precipitation (<i>P</i>_<i>m</i>)) and target (<i>MRSF</i>_<i>m</i>). The results show that <i>T</i>_<i>m</i> and <i>ET</i>_<i>m</i> have an insignificant influence on <i>MRSF</i>_<i>m</i>, thus, only <i>P</i>_<i>m</i> is used as the most effective input variable in predicting <i>MRSF</i>_<i>m</i>. Due to a well-balanced network model’s structural outline in the suggested novel hybrid 2LSTM + model, it accordingly yields to a suitable total learnable parameter (<i>TLP</i>) compared to ordinary standalone LSTM and GRU as the benchmark models developed in the similar meta-parameters. This model under the optimal meant meta-parameters tuned <i>i.e.,</i> state activation functions (<i>SAF</i>) = <i>tanh-softsign</i>, numbers of hidden neurons (<i>NHN</i>) = 75, dropout rate (<i>P-rate</i>) = 0.5, performs best among the models with an <i>R</i>² of 0.68, <i>NSE</i> of 0.63, <i>PBIAS</i> of 41%, <i>KGE</i> of 0.79, and <i>RMSE</i> of 19.24 m³/s. Comparatively, a standard gated recurrent units (GRU) and LSTM as benchmark models using the optimal scenario generate the following results: <i>R</i>² are 0.57 and 0.67, <i>NSE</i> are 0.53 and 0.61, <i>PBIAS</i> are 109 and 49%, <i>KGE</i> are 0.63 and 0.79, and <i>RMSE</i> are 21.11 and 19.32 m³/s, respectively. Generally, in all models, in the equal <i>NHN</i>, rising <i>P-rate</i> value reduces convergence time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02535-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water management strategies for climate change mitigation in the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands, Northern Nigeria","authors":"Usman A. Ibrahim,&nbsp;Salisu Dan’azumi,&nbsp;Ali Aldrees,&nbsp;Sani I. Abba,&nbsp;M. J. Chiroma,&nbsp;Hassan H. Bdliya","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02545-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02545-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Hadejia-Nguru wetlands (HNWs) are a UNESCO-declared Ramsar Site due to its importance as a habitat for varieties of exotic flora and fauna of international importance. Climate change, coupled with a declining river flow caused by river regulation, due to the construction of the Tiga and Challawa Gorge Dams upstream, is known to have adverse effects on the environmental sustainability of the wetlands. This research aims to propose reservoir operation rules that could be adopted to restore the river flow into the HNWs. Hydro-meteorological data were collected, and preliminary tests were carried out on the data before analysis. Five downscaled Global Climate Model outputs of RCP 4.5 scenario were selected under three scenarios of increased precipitation-unchanged temperature, increased temperature-unchanged precipitation and increased precipitation-increased temperature. WEAP model was set up to allocate water under four reservoir operation rules. The model was evaluated, and very good performances were shown. Results from the simulation show that Alternative III yields the highest reliability of more than 97% for both the Tiga and Challawa Gorge dams in all three climate change scenarios. Thus, Alternative III which assigned lower priorities for reservoir filling than municipal, environmental and irrigation water demands from October to June and higher priorities for reservoir refilling from July to September so that it could attain as high a reservoir level as possible was selected as the best operation rule for the two reservoirs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02545-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrological connectivity on watershed nitrogen transport processes: a review","authors":"Ming Lei,&nbsp;Yu Long,&nbsp;Taoxi Li,&nbsp;Gang Sun,&nbsp;Hang Liu,&nbsp;Yichun Ma,&nbsp;Qian Zeng,&nbsp;Yaojun Liu","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02530-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02530-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding nitrogen transport processes (NTP) is essential for effective watershed nitrogen (N) pollution management, and hydrological connectivity (HC) is an important way for studying these processes. However, the current researches primarily focused on conceptual and structural connectivity, limiting the deeper exploration of NTP. In this review, 136 papers were grouped into three categories: i) influencing factors of HC; ii) influencing factors of NTP and research methods; and iii) the relationship between HC and NTP. The reviewed contributions within each category were 36%, 33%, and 31% papers, respectively. The results showed that rainfall events, land use, and biogeochemical processes were the main factors affecting NTP. HC was mainly influenced by the river networks, human activities, and landscape patterns. The key methods used to study NTP include the stable isotope tracing method, MixSIAR, SWAT, and INCA-N. However, current research on the coupling of HC and NTP is insufficient to study changes in hydrological dynamics, hindering accurate identification of complex changes in NTP. To promote the accurate identification of NTP through the application of HC, we recommend that future research should: i) developing methods for characterizing hydrological functional connectivity (HFC) to enhance the understanding of hydrological changes processes; ii) incorporating HC indicators into NTP models to improve the understanding of NTP; iii) developing a prediction model that combines NTP models with machine learning (ML) to predict future characteristics of NTP changes. Overall, this review helps watershed managers make better decisions about when, where, and how to intervene effectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02530-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the modification and applications of cellulosic-based materials for wastewater remediation: a review","authors":"AbdElAziz A. Nayl,&nbsp;Ahmed I. Abd-Elhamid,&nbsp;Katarína Mosnáčková,&nbsp;Wael A. A. Arafa,&nbsp;Ahmed Hamad Alanazi,&nbsp;Ismail M. Ahmed,&nbsp;Hazim M. Ali,&nbsp;Ashraf A. Aly,&nbsp;Magda Aly Akl,&nbsp;Ahmed Salah Doma,&nbsp;Hisham Fouad Aly,&nbsp;Stefan Bräse","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02498-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02498-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the decades, the scarcity of fresh water has emerged as the most significant obstacles facing human societies. Many water sources have become threatened by contamination with different types of life-threatening pollutants, representing a major challenge to humans and leading to a shortage of getting safe drinking water. Therefore, many countries and researchers worldwide are trying to unite and overcome these challenges to identify innovative eco-friendly materials and techniques with considerable effectiveness for water purification. Recently, cellulose-based materials have shown considerable results in this field, which have attracted the attention of many scientists due to their unique and promising characterizations, which makes cellulosic material is an excellent substrate to develop attractive materials to treat wastewater. This review focuses on the new approaches in the modification and applications of biodegradable cellulose-based materials in treatment of wastewater and explains the advantages and disadvantages of such materials. On the other hand, this work highlighted the utilization of modified cellulose-based materials on the remediation of wastewater from different heavy metal ions (such as Cu(I,II), Pb(II), Tl, and F(− 1)), oil/water separation, removal of dyes, and removal of other organic pollutants. The review illustrated that cellulose-based materials are promising and effectiveness nanomaterials in its various forms to treat wastewater from different types of pollutants. Moreover, this work highlights the advantages and disadvantages of some applied characterization techniques in addition to the future challenges and prospect of value added of cellulosic-based materials for wastewater remediation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02498-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of zero valence iron for anaerobic digestion of skim latex wastewater: advantages and challenges","authors":"Papichaya Paleeleam,&nbsp;Nuntiya Paepatung,&nbsp;Pornpan Panichnumsin,&nbsp;Jarungwit Boonnorat,&nbsp;Ha Manh Bui,&nbsp;Chantaraporn Phalakornkule","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02528-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02528-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aqueous sulfide, a product of the sulfate-reducing process in undissociated form, is a potent inhibitor of methanogens. Furthermore, the biogas generated from the anaerobic digestion of skim latex wastewater (SLW) typically contains &gt; 10,000 ppm H₂S. In this study, we investigated the role of zero-valent iron (ZVI) as a sink for both sulfides generated from the reduction of sulfate in SLW and CO₂ from acetoclastic methanogenesis. The ZVI-based anaerobic digestion was performed in a fed-batch reactor fed with SLW for 30 days at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 2.34 g COD/L d and a COD/SO₄²⁻ ratio of around 3. The concentrations of undissociated sulfide in the reactor added with ZVI were 9.1 ± 3.3 mg/L S²⁻. In contrast, the concentrations of undissociated sulfide in a control reactor were 157.2 ± 44.4 mg/L S²⁻, which were closer to the levels that can be toxic to methanogens. The ZVI addition promoted the precipitation of iron sulfide and carbonate at a medium pH of 7.9. The biogas generated from the ZVI-based reactor had 94–96% CH₄, 4–6% CO₂, and undetectable amounts of H₂S. However, the methane production in the ZVI-based anaerobic digester decreased by 7.9%, possibly due to the buildup of partial pressure of H₂ and subsequent propionate accumulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02528-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic literature review on potential of ablution greywater reuse: current insights, challenges, and future prospects","authors":"Shayan Ameer,&nbsp;Nisar Muhammad,&nbsp;Khan Zaib Jadoon,&nbsp;Nadeem Sheikh,&nbsp;Khalil Ur Rahman","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02488-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02488-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An astounding 3.6 million mosques worldwide utilize 22.5 million <span>({text{m}}^{3})</span> of water for ablution. Treating and recycling ablution greywater (AGW) conserves significant water crucial for water-scarce regions. AGW recycling is extensively studied in the Muslim world but a comprehensive systematic literature review (SLR) synthesizing their outcomes is lacking. This study provides overviews and discussion on the actual status, challenges, and prospects of AGW reuse. This study presents an SLR on AGW reuse, analysing 1085 papers from 2000 to 2024, with 34 articles meeting inclusion criteria. Examined for quantity, quality, AGW characteristics, and recycling methods. AGW recycling has risen in the past decade due to water scarcity. Despite fewer pollutants, AGW still requires specific, less intensive treatment. AGW meets various countries’ guidelines, with pH, TDS, BOD, COD, E.C, <i>E. coli</i>, and faecal coliforms levels at 7.35, 525.8 mg/litre, 78.87 mg/litre, 122.4 mg/litre, 909.57 μS <span>({text{cm}}^{-1})</span>, 110 CFU/100 ml, and 670.96 MPN/100 ml, respectively. Further research is necessary to address technology, finance, regulations, and community acceptance for the versatile application of greywater recycling. This research highlights a gap in determining cost-effective AGW recycling, focussing on treatment methods, cost efficiency, social acceptance, and environmental concerns, offering researchers an opportunity to explore optimal solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02488-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}