Applied Water Science最新文献

{"title":"Analytical study on 2D groundwater flow in a sloping unconfined aquifer under spatiotemporal recharge","authors":"Ming-Chang Wu,&nbsp;Ping-Cheng Hsieh","doi":"10.1007/s13201-024-02319-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-024-02319-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a two-dimensional (2D) model for simulating groundwater level variations in sloping aquifers, where rainfall is the primary recharge source. The model uses Heaviside functions to represent spatiotemporal surface recharges and is based on the 2D linearized Boussinesq equation. Analytical solutions were derived using an integral transformation method, allowing for analysis of aquifer characteristics, such as anisotropy, slope, and hydraulic conductivity. In contrast to studies that assume total rainfall becomes recharge, this model employs Horton’s infiltration equation for more accurate estimates, showing strong alignment with field data. The results highlight the significant impact of anisotropy on groundwater flow, particularly when the hydraulic conductivity ratio <span>({K}_{x}/{K}_{y})</span> exceeds 10, leading to predominantly <span>(X)</span>-direction flow, with the flow rate increasing by 1.3 times compared to the scenario where <span>({K}_{x}/{K}_{y}=1)</span> under slope angles <span>({theta }_{x}={theta }_{y}=5^circ)</span>. This model also aids in predicting groundwater behavior in small watersheds without field data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"14 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-024-02319-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of ZnO/NiO/kaolin nanocomposite as a sorbent/photocatalyst in hybrid water remediation process","authors":"Sarah A. Farag,&nbsp;M. Farouk,&nbsp;Nabila Shehata","doi":"10.1007/s13201-024-02282-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-024-02282-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The colored effluents causing environmental pollution pose a threat to the world. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of nickel oxide/zinc oxide/kaolin nanocomposite (NiO/ZnO/Ka) in removing methylene blue (MB) from water. Furthermore, it aims to examine the impact of synergetic adsorption/photocatalytic degradation (APCD) on the MB adsorption capacity as well as the suitability of the nonlinear adsorption isotherm and kinetic modeling in analyzing the process. The composites ZnO/Ka and NiO/ZnO/Ka were synthesized by the sol–gel method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller. The impacts of various parameters, such as pH, initial concentration of MB, dose, ionic strength, and temperature, on MB removal were studied using adsorption and APCD. The results showed that ZnO/Ka had the maximum adsorption capacity of MB (39.31 mg/g) and the maximum removal (78.61%) under optimal conditions of pH 10, clay dosage of 0.1 g/25 mL, initial concentration of MB 200 mg/L, contact time of 15 min, and 298 K, while NiO/ZnO/Ka showed the maximum adsorption capacity of MB (40.88 mg/g) and maximum removal (83.74%) at pH 7. It was also noticed that Temkin and Fritz–Schlunder models are the best isotherm models, with the highest R² (1 and 0.842) for ZnO/Ka and NiO/ZnO/Ka, respectively. Moreover, the data of adsorption and photodegradation of MB onto ZnO/Ka and NiO/ZnO/Ka were revealed to follow pseudo-first-order and Avrami kinetic models with R² (0.897) for ZnO/Ka and (0.986) for NiO/ZnO/Ka. Overall, NiO/ZnO/Ka showed better removal of MB than ZnO/Ka, and the hybrid process (photodegradation process after adsorption) enhanced the overall efficiency of MB removal than adsorption alone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"14 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-024-02282-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective removal of selected pharmaceuticals from sewerage treatment plant effluent using natural clay (Na-montmorillonite)","authors":"Senar Aydin,&nbsp;Muazzez Celik Karakaya,&nbsp;Necati Karakaya,&nbsp;Mehmet Emin Aydin","doi":"10.1007/s13201-023-01930-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-023-01930-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The consumption of pharmaceuticals has rapidly increased on a global scale due to the serious increase in Covid-19, influenza and respiratuar sinsityal virus, which is called “triple epidemic” in the world. The use of non-prescription analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs (AAIDs), especially paracetamol, is higher compared to pre-pandemic. This increased the AAIDs load discharged to the aqueous media through sewerage treatment plant (STP). Therefore, simple and effective treatment options for removing AAIDs from STP effluents are needed. The aim of the study was to remove AAIDs (paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, codeine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketoprofen, mefenamic acid, naproxen, and phenylbutazone) from STP effluents by nearly pure natural clay Na-montmorillonite. The Na-montmorillonite taken from the Ordu region in the northern part of Turkey. Surface area of the Na-montmorillonite is 99.58 m²/g and CEC is 92.40 meq/100 g. The removal efficiencies of AAIDs using Na-montmorillonite were between 82 ± 5% (ibuprofen) and 94 ± 4% (naproxen). Paracetamol was used as a model compound in kinetic and isotherm model studies. Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo second order kinetic model were the best-fit using the obtained experimental data. Film diffusion governed its rate mechanism. The paracetamol adsorption capacity was acquired as 244 mg/g at 120 min contact time at pH 6.5 at 25 °C. With this study, it could be shown that montmorillonite can be used effectively to eliminate paracetamol from STP effluent. Natural clay can be used as a simple, inexpensive and effective adsorbent for removing AAIDs from STP effluents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10170040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9540506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An intelligent approach to improve date palm crop yield and water productivity under different irrigation and climate scenarios","authors":"Hossein Dehghanisanij,&nbsp;Nader Salamati,&nbsp;Somayeh Emami,&nbsp;Hojjat Emami,&nbsp;Haruyuki Fujimaki","doi":"10.1007/s13201-022-01836-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-022-01836-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drought, rising demand for water, declining water resources, and mismanagement have put society at serious risk. Therefore, it is essential to provide appropriate solutions to increase water productivity (WP). As an element of research, this study presents a hybrid machine learning approach and investigates its potential for estimating date palm crop yield and WP under different levels of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI). The amount of applied water in the SDI system was compared at three levels of 125% (<i>T</i>1), 100% (<i>T</i>2), and 75% (<i>T</i>3) of water requirement. The proposed ACVO-ANFIS approach is composed of an anti-coronavirus optimization algorithm (ACVO) and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Since the effect of irrigation factors, climate, and crop characteristics are not equal in estimating the WP and yield, the importance of these factors should be measured in the estimation phase. To fulfill this aim, ACVO-ANFIS employed eight different feature combination models based on irrigation factors, climate, and crop characteristics. The proposed approach was evaluated on a benchmark dataset that contains information about the groves of Behbahan agricultural research station located in southeast Khuzestan, Iran. The results explained that the treatment T3 advanced data palm crop yield by 3.91 and 1.31%, and WP by 35.50 and 20.40 kg/m³, corresponding to <i>T</i>1 and <i>T</i>2 treatments, respectively. The amount of applied water in treatment T3 was 7528.80 m³/ha, which suggests a decrease of 5019.20 and 2509.6 m³/ha of applied water compared to the T1 and T2 treatments. The modeling results of the ACVO-ANFIS approach using a model with factors of crop variety, irrigation (75% water requirement of SDI system), and effective rainfall achieved RMSE = 0.005, <i>δ</i> = 0.603, and AICC = 183.25. The results confirmed that the ACVO-ANFIS outperformed its counterparts in terms of performance criteria.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9801156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10489502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of date palm cultivation in the Lower Jordan Valley of the West Bank","authors":"B. G. J. S. Sonneveld,&nbsp;A. Marei,&nbsp;M. D. Merbis,&nbsp;A. Alfarra","doi":"10.1007/s13201-018-0746-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-018-0746-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High water consumption and specific soil requirements warrant a long-term planning for date palm cultivation. Hence, this study presents a detailed procedure to calculate water and land balances that assess the suitability for date palm cultivation in three districts of the West Bank. It applies crop response functions to relate spatially explicit land suitability and salinity levels to net revenues. Furthermore, it compares net present values and benefit–cost ratios under various discount rates and salinity levels to assess economic feasibility. Date palm cultivation in Jericho-Al Ghoor is economically achievable, but additional land amendments are required for expansion in Nablus and Tubas districts. Prevailing average salinity levels have minor negative influence on future date palm developments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6434976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37162841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}