Applied Water Science最新文献

{"title":"Multi-criteria evaluation of table tennis training programs using FAHP–FTOPSIS with integrated hydration and health considerations","authors":"Qian Daoming,&nbsp;Laptev Aleksey Ivanovich","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02833-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02833-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evaluating the effectiveness of sports training programs requires systematic decision-making approaches that integrate multiple performance dimensions under uncertainty. This study proposes a structured multi-criteria evaluation framework based on the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and the Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS) to assess table tennis training programs. The model incorporates five primary evaluation criteria: skill acquisition, physical fitness, cognitive engagement, student satisfaction, and resource utilization, while embedding hydration and health-related considerations within performance and facility-support dimensions. Data were collected from 40 student-athletes participating in structured training programs, and expert judgments from six experienced coaches and physical education specialists were employed to determine criterion weights using FAHP. The derived weights were then applied within the FTOPSIS framework to rank four representative training programs based on their proximity to an ideal performance profile. Results indicate that skill acquisition and physical fitness exert the greatest influence on overall training effectiveness, while resource utilization and health-support conditions, including hydration accessibility, contribute indirectly to sustained performance outcomes. Sensitivity analysis confirms the robustness and stability of the ranking results under variations in criterion weights. FAHP results indicated that Skill Acquisition received the highest weight (0.465), followed by Physical Fitness (0.257), and FTOPSIS ranking identified Program A as the most effective alternative (Si = 0.837), with stable rankings confirmed through sensitivity analysis. The proposed framework offers a transparent and adaptable decision-support model for optimizing sports training systems. By integrating health and hydration considerations into structured performance evaluation, this study contributes to the development of resource-aware, sustainability-aligned training assessment models applicable to broader sports and educational contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02833-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From geochemical pathways to microplastic vectors: a systematic review of groundwater degradation and adaptive remediation","authors":"Ibrahim Said","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02837-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02837-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Groundwater pollution poses significant global health and socio-economic burdens, evidenced by arsenic crises in Bangladesh and €1.0 billion annual nitrate-related costs in the EU. This PRISMA-guided review evaluates geochemical processes, anthropogenic stressors, and remediation strategies. Natural processes mobilize toxic metal(loids) through redox and water-rock interactions, fundamentally dictated by the host aquifer lithology. In Bangladesh, reductive dissolution elevated arsenic to 19-fold the WHO limit, while in the US, nitrate-induced oxidation elevated uranium levels above the EPA safety limit (30 μg/L). However, anthropogenic influences like agricultural runoff and over-pumping severely outweigh natural factors and climate change. While sea-level rise induces gradual seawater intrusion (4.5–10 km over decades), over-pumping rapidly pushes salinity up to 50 km inland, impacting 150–1200 km² of coastal aquifers. Concurrently, over-pumping has increased the salinity of Egypt's Quaternary aquifer by 25%. Furthermore, microplastics (MPs) act as emerging toxic vectors, mobilizing pollutants through surface adsorption and biofilm formation. To mitigate these effects, localized remediation shows high efficiency. For example, modified biochar and bioremediation achieve superior removal of Cd (29.9 mg/g) and ⁹⁰Sr (up to 97%) from groundwater. Similarly, advanced filtration, air flotation, and electrocoagulation remove 97–100% of MPs. Hybrid hydraulic systems also reduce seawater intrusion rates from 80 to 35 m/year. However, field-scale transition remains constrained by a realism gap. To bridge this, we introduce an integrated geochemistry-remediation framework, an aquifer-type comparative matrix, and a strategic decision-making framework, calling for adaptive management and field validation to ensure sustainable groundwater protection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02837-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple synthesis of NiMn2O4/CuMn2O4/chitosan nanocomposites as a novel adsorbent for methyl orange removal from water and investigation of adsorption kinetics and isotherm models","authors":"Malihe Samadi Kazemi,&nbsp;Zeinab Izanloo,&nbsp;Azam Sobhani","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02842-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02842-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The main objective of this research is to develop an efficient nanocomposite adsorbent for the rapid removal of organic pollutants from aqueous media. For this purpose, NiMn₂O₄ nanostructures (NMO) and NiMn₂O₄/CuMn₂O₄/chitosan nanocomposites (Ni/Cu/CS) were synthesized using Allium cepa (onion extract) and applied, for the first time, to remove methyl orange (MO) dye. The synthesized materials were characterized. Using response surface methodology (RSM), optimum adsorption conditions were pH = 3, adsorbent dose = 1.2 g/L, MO concentration = 10 mg/L, contact time = 5 min, and agitation speed = 300 rpm. Adsorption followed the Langmuir model (maximum capacity = 416.67 mg/g, KL = 0.01) and pseudo-second-order kinetics (R² = 0.9964). The outstanding and ultra-fast adsorption of Ni/Cu/CS highlights its strong potential for wastewater treatment applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02842-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrochemical responses and pollution source apportionment driven by cross-aquifer migration in multi-aquifer systems under intensive coal mining","authors":"Long Sun,&nbsp;Tingxi Liu,&nbsp;Limin Duan,&nbsp;Xin Tong,&nbsp;Shihang Hu,&nbsp;Shanfeng Ge,&nbsp;Zhiting Wang,&nbsp;He Cui","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02851-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02851-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intensive coal mining disrupts multi-aquifer systems, triggering cross-layer contaminant migration that endangers groundwater safety. This study investigates hydrochemical evolution mechanisms and quantifies the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of pollution in multi-aquifer systems under mining disturbance, using an integrated approach that combines multivariate statistics, hydrochemical diagrams, the entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI), and principal component analysis (PCA). Eighty-four groundwater samples from Quaternary groundwater (QG), coal series groundwater (CG), Ordovician groundwater (OG), and mine water (MW) in Pingshuo mining area were collected during flood and dry seasons and analyzed for 11 hydrochemical indicators. The results indicated that groundwater was generally weakly alkaline. Seasonal variation was statistically significant only for pH, whereas ion concentrations (except HCO₃⁻), total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC) differed markedly among groundwater types. QG exhibited extreme spatiotemporal heterogeneity (Cl⁻ and NO₃⁻ variation coefficients &gt; 122%), indicating high sensitivity to external inputs. MW showed significantly lower pH and higher TDS, EC, and ion concentrations, notably SO₄²⁻, which were 5.30–8.05 times higher than those in other groundwater types. Dominant hydrochemical types were HCO₃-Ca·Mg (QG, CG and OG) and SO₄·Cl-Ca·Mg (MW), primarily controlled by water-rock interactions but significantly superimposed by anthropogenic activities. The EWQI indicated that MW was entirely undrinkable (Rank 3–5). QG and CG showed partial undrinkability (42.86%-57.14% and 16.67%-33.33%, respectively), while OG exhibited optimal quality (only 6.25% undrinkable) with high seasonal stability. The PCA identified three pollution sources: water-rock interactions driven by mining (PC1, 66.82%–77.77%), inputs from industrial, agricultural, and domestic sewage (PC2, 13.56%–15.53%), and acidity-alkalinity factor (PC3, 6.68%–7.32%). QG experienced triple-source influence; MW was dominated by PC1 and PC3; OG was primarily controlled by PC3. PC1 contribution increased in dry seasons, while PC2 in flood seasons. Therefore, the findings offer a scientific basis for adaptive, stratified groundwater management under mining pressures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02851-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing integrated hydrologic modeling and flood mitigation strategies for the Takwi Creek Watershed, Philippines","authors":"Maria Cristina V. David","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02846-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02846-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effective flood mitigation strategies are essential for safeguarding communities and minimizing economic losses, particularly in watersheds vulnerable to flash flooding. This study presents an integrated approach to hydrologic modeling and flood mitigation planning for the Takwi Creek Watershed in Pampanga, Philippines—an area highly susceptible to flooding due to its physiographic characteristics and climatic conditions. Using the Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS), a comprehensive model was developed from physical parameters, topographic data, and historical hydrometeorological records. The model was calibrated and verified against observed streamflow data from Typhoon Peping and Typhoon Santi events, ensuring reliability in simulating rainfall–runoff dynamics under various scenarios. Rainfall–runoff analyses revealed significant sensitivity to land-use changes, soil type, and rainfall intensity. Scenario testing of structural (e.g., channel widening, levees, retention basins) and non-structural (e.g., floodplain zoning, public awareness) measures demonstrated notable reductions in peak outflow—up to 6.1% in extreme events—and increased temporary storage capacity. Findings underscore the value of integrating advanced hydrologic modeling with community-informed strategies for sustainable flood risk management. The approach provides a decision-support framework applicable to other flood-prone watersheds in the Philippines and beyond. The methodological framework draws upon recent advances in optimization-based approaches for water system operation (Phumiphan et al., Water 16:816, 2024; Gonthong et al., Int J Geomate 29:113–120, 2025) and incorporates considerations for infrastructure design under changing climate conditions (Nuannukul et al., ARPN J Eng Appl Sci 16:1035–1043, 2021).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02846-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147751683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Miniature autonomous humanoid robot for environmental sensing and atmospheric water harvesting using bioinspired materials and AI-based vision","authors":"Hwa-Dong Liu,&nbsp;Chen-Wei Su,&nbsp;Chia-Hsun Chang,&nbsp;Cheng-Ze Li,&nbsp;Ping-Jui Lin","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02847-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02847-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a miniature autonomous humanoid robotic system that not only performs real-time environmental monitoring and atmospheric water harvesting in extreme and unstructured environments, but also introduces several novel system-level innovations. The robot establishes a new Artificial Intelligence–Internet of Things (AI–IoT)–robot coordination architecture that integrates YOLO-based visual perception, ultrasonic ranging, and environmental sensing into a unified decision-making workflow, enabling multi-modal data fusion for adaptive navigation. A compact ESP32-CAM module combined with a customized YOLO detector achieves a 97% F1-score in target recognition and a 91% success rate in dynamic obstacle avoidance. Furthermore, the proposed system incorporates a micro-scale bioinspired water harvesting module, redesigned for mobile operation, which utilizes 100 g of silica gel to collect up to 25 mL of moisture daily under 23 °C and 75% relative humidity, and yields up to 77.6 L annually when scaled to 1000 g with efficiency taken into account. To optimize adsorption performance, this study develops a humidity-driven collection-efficiency model that links real-time sensor inputs with water harvesting predictions and supports path-planning decisions that guide the robot toward high-humidity zones. Environmental parameters—including temperature, humidity, pressure, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)—are captured by onboard sensors and transmitted to a cloud platform via message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) and hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) for real-time visualization, mission adaptation, and autonomous task refinement. These innovations collectively form a new integration workflow that enhances environmental awareness, mobility robustness, and water harvesting efficiency. Experimental validations confirm the feasibility of the system for autonomous deployment in harsh, remote, or post-disaster conditions. Future work will incorporate swarm intelligence to extend multi-robot cooperation and resilience under climate-challenged environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02847-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147751680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based aided spatial mapping of local scale hydrologic soil groups in the Upper Oum Er-Rbia Basin, Morocco","authors":"Elhousna Faouzi,&nbsp;Abdelkrim Arioua,&nbsp;Mohammed Hssaisoune,&nbsp;Ismaguil Hanadé Houmma,&nbsp;Yassine Ait Brahim,&nbsp;Karaoui Ismail,&nbsp;Arfan Arshad,&nbsp;Lhoussaine Bouchaou","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02849-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02849-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The classification of Hydrologic Soil Groups (HSG) is a major stepping stone for rainfall runoff modeling process; however, existing HSG systems are not available at local spatial resolution. In this study, we developed a locally consistent, mapped dataset identifying HSG from 29 characteristics by combining remote sensing, field investigation, and advanced deep learning (DL) techniques. The soil category mapping was produced using four DL algorithms, namely, Deep Neural Networks (DNN), Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLP), Multi-Layer Perceptrons weight, and DeepBoost. From 202 soil inventory locations, hydrologic soil group classes were determined and then randomly divided into ratios of 70/30% for training and validation. Four common statistical modeling methods including overall accuracy, area under the curve, confusion matrix, and Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of model’s predictions. Our findings revealed that changing the feature selection and k values significantly impact the models’ performance. We observed that the models progressively performed better with low dimensionality data and smaller k values. The optimal fold number k = 3 provides the best classification accuracy with DeepBoost, MLP, and MLP-weight. The relevant hydraulic conductivity parameter is the most important driving factor for hydrologic soil classification in the study area. The HSG-D corresponding to high runoff potential was the most prevalent, covering approximately the total area, with values of 89.92%, 88.62%, 88.99%, and 100% across all the models. Furthermore, soil texture types such as clay, silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, and sandy clay were the most prevalent textures predicted by the models, which is consistent with field observations. As multiclassification performance measures accuracy, AUC, and MCC, the MLP-weight exhibited the best results, followed by the MLP and DeepBoost, showing their high ability to handle imbalanced data, nonlinear features, and multiclass classification problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02849-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147751668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of lead removal from aqueous solution with nano-composite of Mg-Al layered double hydroxides/EDTA coated on zeolite using central composite design method","authors":"Forough Aliniya Sayyad,&nbsp;Mehdi Meftah Halaghi,&nbsp;Yousef Dadban Shahamat","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02766-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02766-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study is to characterize and apply the nano-LDH and EDTA on natural clinoptilolite zeolite for removal of lead cations from aqueous solution. The physicochemical properties of synthesized nano-composite were carried out by XRD, BET, FESEM, FT-IR, EDS and pHzpc analysis. In order to determine the optimal conditions for the absorption of lead ions, the parameters of the initial concentration of lead, contact time, initial pH, amount and type of adsorbent were used using central composite design (CCD) statistical method. The performance of this process was evaluated based on the responses of percentage removal of lead ions. Determining the number of experiments, statistical analysis of data and optimization of lead ion removal were performed using the CCD method. Results showed the percentage of lead ion removal efficiency under optimal conditions. The effect of operating parameters on lead removal efficiency are significant, also the highest degree of kinetic compatibility was obtained with quadratic model which was chosen as the best example to describe the kinetic behavior of absorbent. In this paper, the effectiveness of zeolite/LDH in absorbing lead compared to zeolite/EDTA adsorbent from aqueous solution has been proven. The maximum removal of 100% was achieved with the adsorbent dose of 1.35 g/L, the lead concentration was 5.5 mg/L, the pH of the solution was 7.2 at room temperature and the contact time was 5 min. Also, a 57% decrease in absorption efficiency (100–67%) was observed after five uses and regenerations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02766-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147751681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change impact on groundwater and soil geochemistry—emerging challenges: a review","authors":"S. A. Jyothi Lekshmy,&nbsp;V. Sivanandan Achari","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02827-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02827-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change is a pressing global issue. It affects the existence of natural environment including groundwater and soil resources, and its biogeochemical processes. Inequal historical and ongoing contributions to the global greenhouse gas emissions over the decades are the main cause. Unsustainable energy consumption, land use, and land-use change, lifestyles and production patterns are triggering factors. Between regions, between and within countries, and between individuals aggravates over a period of time. As a consequence, numerous weather and climatic extremes are already impacting daily lifestyle of all. This has had broad negative effects on human health, food and water security, economies, and society, as well as losses and damages to nature and people. The availability of water resources will significantly impact the horizon of many projects in the upcoming years due to global warming. Although it is unknown how urbanisation and climate change could affect groundwater quality, these variables may place increased stress on groundwater supply systems. This review explores the potential impacts of climate change-induced phenomena of altered precipitation patterns, increased temperatures, sea-level rise and changes in vegetation cover. Also attempts to discuss the effects on groundwater quality parameters-pH, salinity, nutrient levels, and contaminant transport. Stress on groundwater resources is huge due to climate change, urbanisation of agricultural areas, depleting freshwater quality, and growing water treatment costs. Inherent variations in terrestrial processes, such as those caused by human actions, influence the environment. Mechanisms of groundwater recharge and sea level rise based coastal hazards that affects salinity, dissolved oxygen levels, and redox conditions are mainly focused on. Primary data on groundwater systems in relation to climate change have been rarely reported. The findings highlight the importance of complex natural interactions in an era of climate impacts on groundwater chemistry to fine tune effective groundwater resource management and planning. Both research and public interest in the projected effects of climate change on groundwater have intensified for the study of coastal lands. Specifically, an overview of climate change with respect to sea level rise, groundwater characteristics, soil geochemistry, and microbial community in coastal regions is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02827-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147739596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive effects of wing wall configuration and canal inside slope on hydraulic performance of water structures","authors":"Mohamed A. Ashour,&nbsp;Haitham M. Abueleyon,&nbsp;M. Khairy Ali,&nbsp;Abdallah A. Abdou,&nbsp;Tarek S. Abu-Zaid","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02826-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02826-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Improving the operational effectiveness of water structures requires effective hydraulic design. Significant changes in water levels, velocity distribution, heading up, and energy loss occur at the entrance zone of these structures because of the interaction between the canal inside slope and upstream wing walls geometry. However, prior research has not adequately assessed the integrated hydraulic effects of these characteristics. This study experimentally examines the interplay between wing wall type and canal inside slope on the hydraulic performance of water structures. A total of 360 laboratory experiments were conducted using four upstream wing wall configurations (box, broken, curved, and splayed) and three canal inside slopes (Z = H:V = 1:1, 3:2, and 2:1), representing common conditions in Egyptian irrigation canals. The findings show that hydraulic behavior is strongly influenced by both parameters. When compared to the box type, the splayed configuration exhibited the lowest energy losses and afflux, with reductions of up to 84.12% and 30.01%, respectively. Furthermore, steeper slopes were linked to higher afflux and energy losses, while the 1:1 canal inside slope continuously exhibited maximum hydraulic efficiency. New empirical relationships were developed to enable the prediction and optimization of irrigation structure performance. The outcomes support sustainable water management by increasing operational dependability, lowering maintenance requirements, and increasing hydraulic efficiency. For both new construction and rehabilitation projects, the study suggests giving priority to splayed wing walls in conjunction with a 1:1 canal inside slope, considering the soil conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02826-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147739598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}