Applied Water Science最新文献

{"title":"Microbial community assembly and co-occurrence relationships in the shallow groundwater of intensive vegetable cultivation and rural areas in the Huaibei Plain, China","authors":"Songbao Feng,&nbsp;Yaqi Jiang,&nbsp;Hao Yu","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02975-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02975-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microbial communities are crucial contributors to the cycling of elements within groundwater systems. However, limited research has been conducted on the composition and assembly mechanisms of microbial communities in groundwater within the intensively cultivated vegetable areas (IVCs) of the Huaibei Plain, as well as the relationships between microbial communities and hydrogeochemical parameters. Therefore, in this study, the structure and assembly process of prokaryotic microorganisms in the groundwater of IVCs and rural areas (RAs) in the Huaibei Plain of China were investigated, and the factors influencing the microbiota structure, function, and assembly process in IVC and RA groundwater were assessed based on hydrogeochemistry, co-occurrence network analysis, and null modeling analysis. The main findings indicate that groundwater from IVCs significantly increase NO₃-N concentrations, compareed with RA groundwater. Despite considerable similarity in groundwater microbial community composition between the IVCs and RA regions, significant differences were identified in a subset of microbial taxa across phylogenetic levels from phylum to genus. However, the groundwater in the IVC had a higher abundance of microorganisms related to nitrification at the genus level. Co-occurrence network analysis demonstrated that the microbial communities in the RA groundwater exhibited more the percentage of positively correlated edges, and the key species in the microbial communities of IVC groundwater were related to nitrogen and sulfur cycling. The null model analysis results indicated that dispersal limitation in stochastic processes dominated the assembly of groundwater microbial communities in the IVCs and RAs. Multivariate statistical analysis identified that pH is the key environmental factor controlling the groundwater microbial community composition and assembly process in IVCs. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the influence of IVCs on groundwater physicochemical properties and microbial community assembly mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02975-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing drinking water resource management and distribution networks in hyper-arid Iran: a focus on groundwater desalination","authors":"Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh,&nbsp;Elhadi Adam,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Ekhtesasi,&nbsp;Hossein Hashemi","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02979-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02979-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Communities in hyper-arid regions, such as Bajestan in Iran, face severe limitations in the availability of high-quality water resources for drinking, together with challenges in water transportation and distribution. These constraints have increased dependence on saline groundwater and costly desalination processes, making the provision of safe and sustainable drinking water a major management challenge. Safe drinking water is not only a fundamental human right but also a critical governmental responsibility. Given the substantial investments in water safety and access projects, evaluating their performance is essential for long-term sustainability. This study focuses on the city of Bajestan, located in the southern Khorasan Razavi province, where high-quality groundwater is predominantly used for agriculture due to ownership restrictions, exacerbating limitations in urban drinking water supply. To compensate, saline groundwater from nearby playas is extracted, desalinated, and distributed through a Drinking Water Distribution Network (DWDN) supported by Drinking Water Withdrawal Stations (DWWS). A comprehensive assessment of the social and managerial dimensions of both the DWDN and Drinking Water Resources (DWR) was conducted using responses from three stakeholder groups: the public, experts, and academics. A novel methodological framework was employed, integrating Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and SWOT analysis across these groups. Findings revealed that while the public favored improvements to the existing network, they opposed the current separation strategy involving barrel-based water collection from DWWS. In contrast, government experts reported notable benefits including reduced water loss and disease incidence yet acknowledged logistical inefficiencies with barrel systems. Academic evaluations positioned both the DWDN and DWR in the “reserved strategy” zone of the SWOT matrix, highlighting urgent needs for structural and policy reform. Notably, based on the findings of the public, expert, and SWOT analyses, the study proposes a Home Dual Drinking Water Distribution Network (HD-DWDN) as a conceptual household-level management model. The proposed model separates potable and sanitary water supplies at the household level through dedicated distribution lines and separate management of drinking-water and sanitary-water uses, thereby reducing reliance on centralized Drinking Water Withdrawal Stations (DWWS) and manual barrel-based water collection. Rather than representing a conventional dual-network or decentralized water-supply system, the HD-DWDN is proposed as a context-specific management and planning framework derived from the identified deficiencies and stakeholder priorities in this study; it has not yet been implemented or experimentally tested in Bajestan. Furthermore, the research calls for reallocating high-quality Qanat-derived water currently us","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02979-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating minimum feasible water leakage and its economic impact in the drinking water sector: a case study from Chile","authors":"Victor Mocholi,&nbsp;Alexandros Maziotis,&nbsp;Ramón Sala-Garrido,&nbsp;María Molinos-Senante","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02976-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02976-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In response to escalating global water scarcity, reducing water losses in urban drinking water services has become crucial for enhancing eco-efficiency. This study introduces an innovative methodological approach to benchmark water leakage and its associated operational-cost adjustment in the water sector. The approach employs inverse Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) through reverse optimization. A case study of Chile’s water industry—marked by prolonged drought but maintaining stable leakage rates—was conducted to demonstrate the methodology’s value. The findings show that 6 out of 27 assessed water companies cannot reduce water leakage without affecting their eco-efficiency. However, for the remaining 21 companies, an average potential leakage reduction of 20.51% is achievable, with reductions ranging from 8.76 to 81.55%. The economic impact of these reductions varies significantly, from US$0.27 to US$38.32 per cubic meter saved. These results highlight the economic complexity of reducing leakage, emphasizing the importance of balanced policies that address water affordability alongside eco-efficiency goals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02976-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monte Carlo approach for modelling uncertainty in hydraulic flood routing in ephemeral streams in arid regions","authors":"Fahad Alzahrani,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Alqaraway,&nbsp;Abdullah Alodah,&nbsp;Amro Elfeki","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02970-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02970-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flood routing in ephemeral streams of arid regions is characterized by high uncertainty due to limited data, variable transmission losses, and the transient nature of flow events. To address these challenges, this study introduces a newly developed convection–decay-based flood routing model that captures both the translation of the flood wave and the attenuation of peak discharge and volume caused by channel transmission losses. The model simulates hydrograph evolution in response to uncertain hydraulic conditions typical of arid environments. The model is applied to the Yiba Basin in western Saudi Arabia, a highly arid and data-scarce watershed where steep upstream slopes, permeable alluvial channels, and substantial infiltration losses strongly influence flood-wave propagation. The analysis uses observed inflow and outflow hydrographs from four hydrometric stations and 22 historical storm events. Uncertainty in flood-wave travel time and peak decay is incorporated using a Monte Carlo simulation framework. One thousand realizations are generated by randomly sampling the lag time between stations (<i>K</i>) and the decay factor (<i>λ</i>) from their fitted probability distributions to produce an ensemble of plausible outflow hydrographs while reflecting the natural variability in ephemeral channels. The resulting ensemble of simulated outflow hydrographs falls within a 90% confidence interval in most of the events. Flood peaks and volumes lie extremely close to the 1-to-1 line, indicating a highly successful and robust model for future predictions (r = 0.72 and RMSE = 30.9 m³/s for peak flows, and r = 0.73 and RMSE = 11.9 MCM for runoff volume). The probabilistic framework enables a more realistic and risk-informed understanding of flood behavior, supporting sustainable flood management in data-scarce arid regions. This approach offers a practical and adaptable tool for resilient infrastructure design and disaster preparedness under uncertain hydrologic conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02970-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149022149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Comparative effects of carp polyculture on phosphorus migration and water quality with a focus on Xenocypris microlepis integration","authors":"Yuexiang Gao,&nbsp;Ting Chen,&nbsp;Zhiwei Zhang,&nbsp;Ran Tao,&nbsp;Zhe Zhang,&nbsp;Yimin Zhang,&nbsp;Kexin Han,&nbsp;Guanghua Lu","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02966-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02966-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02966-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149022147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated groundwater quality assessment using Water Quality Index, complex fuzzy MCDM and GIS Techniques","authors":"V. Kalaiyarasan,&nbsp;K. Muthunagai","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02963-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02963-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Groundwater contamination, mainly caused by human activities, is a major environmental issue affecting the availability of safe drinking water. In this study, groundwater quality in Dharmapuri district, Tamil Nadu, India, was assessed using a complex Multi-Criteria Decision-making Model (MCDM). Physicochemical parameters, including total dissolved solids, nitrate, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulphate, bicarbonate, fluoride, pH and electrical conductivity, were measured from 31 wells over the period 2015-2022. The Water Quality Index (WQI) was computed for each sampling location and spatially represented using GIS to classify groundwater into six categories: excellent, good, mediocre, poor, very poor and unsuitable for drinking. The WQI values ranged from 0.00 to 1.00 with a mean value of 0.5, indicating that the groundwater is generally suitable for drinking purposes in the study area. Statistical validation using descriptive measures and Z-score analysis confirmed the relative performance of sampling locations, highlighting significant deviations for high-ranking wells. The model showed strong predictive capability with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.993, indicating excellent classification accuracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02963-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149022150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorptive removal of mordant brown dye using cerium seleno borate supported on nickel foam (CexSeyB/NF)","authors":"Warda Shafique,&nbsp;Muhammad Farhan,&nbsp;Muhammad Altaf,&nbsp;Raja Shahid Ashraf,&nbsp;Muhammad Salman,&nbsp;Faiza Sharif","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02923-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02923-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study introduces a new cerium seleno borate nanocomposite supported on nickel foam (CexSeyB/NF), prepared by co-precipitation, as a very potent adsorbent for wastewater treatment to mitigate the growing risk posed by the recalcitrant poisonous Mordant Brown 15 dye. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used for analysis. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to optimize the adsorbent dosage, dye concentration, temperature, pH, shaking speed (rpm), and contact time. At optimal conditions (0.01 g dose, 45 ppm dye, pH 6–7, 100 rpm, 30℃, and 35 min), the adsorption values were 60.2, 158.7, 204.1, 238.1, 285.7, and 357.1 mg/g for Ce_0.2Se_0.2B/NF, Ce_0.2Se_0.3B/NF, Ce_0.3Se_0.5B/NF, Ce_0.4Se_0.5B/NF, Ce_0.2Se_0.5B/NF and Ce_0.2Se_0.4B/NF, respectively. Additionally, the equilibrium adsorption data revealed a good fit with both the Langmuir and Temkin models, while the sorption kinetics confirmed the pseudo 2nd order model, resulting in the maximum adsorption capacity of 357.1 mgg^− 1 (Langmuir model) for Ce_0.2Se_0.4B/NF. The values of thermodynamic parameters (∆G˚ = -8.466, ∆H˚ = -61.447, and ∆S˚ = -0.178 kJ/mol) at 303 K indicated that the sorption process was exothermic, favorable and spontaneous. The results of this study makes Ce_xSe_yB/NF a potential candidate based on their excellent adsorption capacity, reusability, economical and environmental friendly to be useful in real-world industrial wastewater treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02923-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on advancements in three-dimensional electrochemical disinfection as cutting-edge approaches for bacterial inactivation in water treatment: mechanisms and influencing factors","authors":"Alireza Nasiri,&nbsp;Majid Hashemi,&nbsp;Sobhan Ghanbari","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02953-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02953-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review evaluated the three-dimensional electrochemical process (3DEP) as an innovative and efficient process for water and wastewater disinfection. Microbial contamination in water resources is a significant public health challenge, necessitating effective and sustainable disinfection methods. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are known for their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), making them an effective solution for pathogen removal. In this context, 3DEP outperforms two-dimensional electrochemical systems by enhancing the contact area, improving mass transfer, and generating strong oxidizing species. This paper investigated various mechanisms of microbial inactivation in 3DEP, including direct, semi-direct, and indirect oxidation, the effects of the electric field, and in-situ generation of disinfection by-products. Additionally, the impact of key parameters such as current density, pH, electrode type and spacing, aeration, and energy consumption on process efficiency was explored. Previous literature showed that 3DEP is highly efficient in removing antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in the presence of various nanoparticle electrodes, such as activated carbon and metal nanoparticles. Despite the advantages of the 3DEP process, including low production of harmful byproducts, high energy efficiency and adaptability to various conditions make this technology as high potential system for sustainable and safe disinfection of water and wastewater, high capital costs, chlorate/perchlorate production and scaling limitations still persist. Future advances in modular and solar 3DEP systems for decentralized treatment in remote areas depend on real-time monitoring and fouling-resistant designs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02953-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148933318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Enhanced reduction of polyethylene glycol concentrations in the effluent of a full-scale MBBR processes","authors":"Waqed H. Hassan,&nbsp;Basim K. Nile,&nbsp;Hasan F. Alesary,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Faris,&nbsp;Rifqa F. Thiab,&nbsp;Hani K. Ismail,&nbsp;Stephen Barton","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02965-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02965-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02965-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface water structure and morphology of water–land ecotones in China’s three major freshwater lakes","authors":"Yongchao Liu,&nbsp;Jiaye Fang,&nbsp;Jialin Li,&nbsp;Chao Sun,&nbsp;Liumeng Chen,&nbsp;Chao Ying,&nbsp;Wenfei Kuang,&nbsp;Peng Tian,&nbsp;Qi Shi","doi":"10.1007/s13201-026-02971-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-026-02971-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water–land ecotones (WLEs) of lakes are key regulators of the carbon cycle and climate dynamics, playing a pivotal role in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Structural information on surface water, such as patch number and morphology, is essential for lake restoration and biodiversity conservation. However, such structural information remains limited for China’s major freshwater lakes. This study assessed the spatiotemporal variations in total area (TA), patch number (PN), and the structure characteristics of surface water bodies of different sizes in China’s three major freshwater lakes (WLEs) from 1990 to 2023, and examined the impacts of key driving factors. We found that TA in Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake experienced substantial losses, whereas Taihu Lake exhibited recent recoveries. PN trends in the three lakes showed relatively minor fluctuations, they declined over time. Moreover, changes due to reclamation, and the implementation of Yangtze River protection policies significantly influenced the surface water structure of the lakes’ WLEs. Our findings provide critical insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to address the growing challenges of ecosystem restoration, governance, and sustainable development in the WLEs of China’s major lakes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-026-02971-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148933319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}