Archives of Virology最新文献

{"title":"Genome characterization of a begomovirus isolated from Brazilian Carica papaya plants","authors":"Yam Sousa Santos,&nbsp;Eliza F. M. Bellard do Nascimento,&nbsp;Caroline Bezerra,&nbsp;Viviana Ramírez-Rios,&nbsp;Andreza Henrique Vidal,&nbsp;Jhon Eric Alves Fernandes,&nbsp;Fernando L. Melo,&nbsp;Paolo Margaria,&nbsp;Rosana Blawid,&nbsp;Emanuel Felipe Medeiros Abreu,&nbsp;Simone Graça Ribeiro","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06759-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06759-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Papaya (<i>Carica papaya</i> L.) plants are susceptible to several viral pathogens. However, information regarding papaya-associated DNA viruses in Latin America is limited. In this study, we collected symptomatic papaya plants in Baraúna, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, and screened for begomovirus infection. Three of ten samples tested positive through PCR using universal primers, and were further analyzed using rolling circle amplification and Oxford Nanopore sequencing. This approach allowed us to recover complete circular viral genomes with the typical DNA-A segment organization of begomoviruses. We named this newly identified viral agent papaya mottle virus (PaMoV). No DNA-B component was detected in the samples, suggesting that PaMoV is a monopartite begomovirus. The sequences from the three isolates shared over 95% nucleotide identity. Pairwise sequence identity along with phylogenetic analyses supported the classification of PaMoV as a member of a novel begomovirus species, for which we propose the name “<i>Begomovirus papayavariati</i>”. This is the first report of a begomovirus associated with <i>C. papaya</i> in Brazil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00705-026-06759-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete genome sequencing and molecular characterization of Jasminum polyanthum rubodvirus 1, a virus representative of a putative novel species in the genus Rubodvirus","authors":"Yuanjing Chen,&nbsp;Jianwei Guo,&nbsp;Fangmei Xiao,&nbsp;Xuehua Li,&nbsp;Shengming Liu,&nbsp;Daihong Yu,&nbsp;Yuan Su,&nbsp;Dexi Wu,&nbsp;Mingfu Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06761-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06761-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To identify viruses infecting <i>Jasminum polyanthum</i> (pink jasmine), symptomatic leaves were collected from Yunnan Province, China, and subjected to virus detection and molecular characterization. A virus was identified and tentatively named Jasminum polyanthum rubodvirus 1 (JPRV1). The virus belongs to the genus <i>Rubodvirus</i> within the family <i>Phenuiviridae</i> (order <i>Hareavirales</i>). The genome of JPRV1 consists of three negative-sense single-stranded RNA segments: RNA1 (7,204 nt), RNA2 (1,492 nt), and RNA3 (1,466 nt), encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp; L protein), movement protein (MP), and nucleocapsid protein (N), respectively. Sequence comparisons showed that the JPRV1 L protein shared 37.46%–42.87% amino acid sequence identity with those of recognized <i>Rubodvirus</i> species. Phylogenetic analysis placed JPRV1 in a distinct lineage within the genus <i>Rubodvirus</i>. These findings support the classification of JPRV1 as a virus representative of a putative novel species in the genus <i>Rubodvirus</i> and provide the first report of a rubodvirus associated with <i>J. polyanthum</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into goatpox virus and sheeppox virus genomes from pangenome graphs","authors":"Tim Downing","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06683-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06683-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The capripoxviruses comprise three species: goatpox virus (GTPV), sheeppox virus (SPPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). They are large double-stranded DNA viruses with highly conserved core genomes and variable terminal regions. Previous studies have described variation in <i>Capripoxvirus</i> gene content, their broader population structure and the contribution of non-coding and structural variation remains opaque. This study investigated the genomic diversity and evolutionary history of GTPV and SPPV using phylogenetics, pangenome variation graphs (PVGs), and gene-specific analyses. We found clear differences in population structure between the two viruses. GTPV had three deeply divergent and genetically stable lineages with limited evidence of recent gene flow, whereas SPPV had weaker clade separation consistent with an ancestral bottleneck followed by recent population expansion. PVG-based analyses indicated that GTPV has a comparatively closed pangenome, while SPPV’s was open, particularly at the inverted terminal repeats (ITRs). Structural and haplotype variation was concentrated at these ITRs, which moderate host immunity and specificity. In several lineages, extended putative ORFs spanning adjacent ITR genes were observed, indicating recurrent structural plasticity at these regions. Patterns of gene-specific conservation and divergence highlighted loci under strong constraint and lineage-specific structural changes that may contribute to host specificity. Together, these results demonstrated how graph-based genome models complement gene-based analyses in resolving poxvirus genome evolution and provide a resource for improved comparative and population genomic studies of large DNA viruses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00705-026-06683-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome sequence and phylogenetic characterization of a Fusarium oxysporum mitovirus 2 variant from the Canary Islands, Spain","authors":"Juliana Osorio-Marulanda,&nbsp;Juliana Lopez-Jimenez,&nbsp;Laura Arango-Palacio,&nbsp;Carmen Cañizares-Nolasco,&nbsp;María Dolores García-Pedrajas,&nbsp;Luis Fernando Patiño Hoyos,&nbsp;Héctor Alejandro Rodríguez Cabal,&nbsp;Carlos Alberto Pelaez Jaramillo,&nbsp;Andrés Mauricio Pinzón-Núñez","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06737-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06737-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report the complete coding genome sequence of Fusarium oxysporum mitovirus 2-like (FoMV2-like; GenBank accession PZ600027; BioProject ID 3036262), a variant of FoMV2, identified in a <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> strain isolated from <i>Phytolacca dioica</i> (ombú) in the Canary Islands, Spain. The positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome is 2,363 nucleotides in length and contains a single open reading frame encoding a 713-amino acid RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Pairwise genome comparisons revealed 87.33% nucleotide identity with FoMV2, while the predicted RdRp shared 82.19% amino acid identity with its closest relative. Phylogenetic analysis based on RdRp amino acid sequences placed FoMV2-like within a strongly supported clade with FoMV2 (ultrafast bootstrap = 100), supporting its classification as a variant rather than a distinct species according to current ICTV demarcation criteria for members of the family <i>Mitoviridae</i>. This study documents the first occurrence of a FoMV2-related sequence in a <i>F. oxysporum</i> isolate associated with <i>P. dioica</i> and represents the first record of this viral lineage in the Canary Islands, Spain. The sequence reported here contributes to the growing genomic diversity of mitoviruses associated with <i>Fusarium</i> species and provides a resource for future comparative and evolutionary studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic characterization of a novel emaravirus, ti ringspot-associated virus 2, infecting Cordyline fruticosa","authors":"Wenzhong Lin,&nbsp;Youpeng Wu,&nbsp;Shunmin Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Lu,&nbsp;Yuting Xu,&nbsp;Wen Weng,&nbsp;Weiying Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06742-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06742-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A putative new emaravirus, provisionally named ti ringspot-associated virus 2 (TiRSaV2), was identified in a ti plant (<i>Cordyline fruticosa</i>) exhibiting ringspot and chlorotic symptoms in Fujian Province, China. Five negative-sense RNA segments, 7,041, 1,994, 1,526, 1,484, and 1,329 nucleotides in length, respectively, were identified for TiRSaV2. Each segment contains a single open reading frame predicted to encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, a glycoprotein precursor, a movement protein, a nucleocapsid protein and a putative P5 protein, respectively. The five predicted proteins shared maximum amino acid sequence identities of 47.0%, 34.9%, 62.1%, 40.2% and 40.1%, respectively, with their closest known emaravirus homologs. Phylogenetic analyses consistently placed TiRSaV2 in a lineage distinct from previously reported emaraviruses including ti ringspot-associated virus from Hawaii. These genomic and phylogenetic features support the recognition of TiRSaV2 as a distinct putative species within the genus <i>Emaravirus</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a putative novel rotavirus A VP4 genotype in bats from an urban Atlantic Forest, in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro State, Southeastern Brazil","authors":"Beatriz Vilete Dias,&nbsp;Joana Medina Maçaira,&nbsp;Yan Cardoso Pimenta,&nbsp;Meylin Bautista Gutierrez,&nbsp;Maria Ogrzewalska,&nbsp;Ricardo Moratelli,&nbsp;Roberto Leonan Morim Novaes,&nbsp;Marina Carvalho Furtado,&nbsp;Sócrates Fraga Costa-Neto,&nbsp;Juliana da Silva Ribeiro de Andrade,&nbsp;Tulio Machado Fumian,&nbsp;José Paulo Gagliardi Leite,&nbsp;Johan Nordgren,&nbsp;Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes,&nbsp;Marina Galvão Bueno","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06727-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06727-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cross-species transmission occurs in rotaviruses, and human infection by animal strains is possible. We investigated the occurrence and genetic diversity of Rotavirus A (RVA) in bats from urban Atlantic Forest remnants under intense anthropogenic pressure in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Bats were captured between September 2020 and March 2022, totaling 240 samples (rectal swabs and feces) from 16 species. The RVA infection rate was 1.25% (3/240; <i>Artibeus lituratus and Carollia perspicillata</i>) using RT-qPCR targeting the NSP3 gene. A complete genomic constellation was attempted for positive samples. Phylogenetic analyses were performed, and homology-based three-dimensional modeling was applied to proteins encoded by genes showing low similarity to GenBank sequences. Partial VP4 sequences were successfully obtained from all three RVA-positive samples. Molecular characterization identified distinct genotypes: Gx-P[26]-I5, G20-P[unclassified*]-I13-T15, and G20-P[unclassified*]-I13-R13-C13-M12-A23-N13-T15-Ex-H15. The latter two harbored a putative novel VP4 genotype (P[unclassified*]) with &lt;75% nucleotide identity to known genotypes and formed a distinct, well-supported phylogenetic clade. The Gx-P[26]-I5 strain showed highest identity to porcine RVA strains, representing the first detection of VP4 genotype P[26] in bats. Except for VP4, both G20P[unclassified*] strains were most closely related to a human G20P[28] strain from Suriname, suggesting a shared genomic constellation and possible reassortment between bat and human viruses. 3D structural analyses revealed conserved VP4 conformation among animal and human strains, suggesting structural compatibility across host species. These findings highlight bats as reservoirs of diverse RVA lineages and their role in viral evolution, reassortment, and zoonotic emergence, reinforcing the need for continuous One Health surveillance. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00705-026-06727-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biphasic phenotypic adaptation of sheeppox virus consequent to serial passaging in heterologous host cell type","authors":"Tania Gupta,&nbsp;Rajesh Chahota","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06752-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06752-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sheeppox virus (SPPV) is a highly host-restricted capripoxvirus, and its biological behavior in heterologous cells remains poorly defined. Although heterologous cell lines such as Vero cells are widely used for SPPV propagation and vaccine production, the effects of prolonged adaptation to these systems on viral replication and release dynamics have not been systematically examined. In this study, the SP3-Nur strain of SPPV (PV167793.1) was serially passaged 45 times in Vero cells. The parent virus (P0) was assessed in lamb testicular (LT) cells, while Vero-adapted passage levels (P15, P30, and P45) were evaluated in both Vero and LT cells to examine how passage levels affect viral replication and extracellular virus release. Replication kinetics were quantified at 0, 2, 4, and 6 days post-infection (DPI) using plaque-forming unit (PFU) assays and quantitative PCR (qPCR). In Vero cells, while virus production was increased from 2.54 log₁₀ PFU/ml (P15) to 5.73 log₁₀ PFU/ml (P30) at 6 DPI, accompanied by an increase in mean plaque area from 7,266 μm² to 42,309 μm², respectively, while at P45, reduced extracellular release (4.26 log₁₀ PFU/ml at 6 DPI) and smaller plaques (5,319 μm²) were observed. Plaque size differences between P15 and P30 and between P30 and P45 were statistically significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). The qPCR data in Vero cells revealed that viral genome copies in supernatant declined from 5.73 to 4.72 log₁₀ copies/ml, whereas cell-associated viral genome copies remained stable at 5.45 to 5.13 log₁₀ copies/ml in passages P30 and P45, respectively, at 6 DPI, indicating impaired virus release rather than loss of intracellular replication. A similar trend was observed in LT cells. This study showed biphasic phenotypic adaptation in heterologous cells characterized by altered replication dynamics and impaired viral release. This study provides important insights into SPPV biology in Vero cells, having implications in its virulence, vaccine production, and the development of a suitable animal model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of a novel botourmiavirus infecting Leptosphaeria biglobosa","authors":"Nesma M. Samir,&nbsp;Syun-ichi Urayama,&nbsp;Jacob Locke-Gotel,&nbsp;Yong-Ju Huang,&nbsp;Bruce D. L. Fitt,&nbsp;Robert H. A. Coutts,&nbsp;Hiromitsu Moriyama,&nbsp;Ioly Kotta-Loizou","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06757-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06757-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The phytopathogenic fungus <i>Leptosphaeria biglobosa</i> is the host of diverse mycoviruses. Comprehensive analysis of next-generation sequencing (NGS) data obtained from purified double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) revealed the presence of three single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) molecules. These RNAs, designated ssRNA1, ssRNA2, and ssRNA3, are respectively 2,646, 683, and 575 bp in length. ssRNA1 contains a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) and represents the genome of a novel member of the family <i>Botourmiaviridae</i>, designated as “Leptosphaeria biglobosa botourmiavirus 3” (LbBoV-3). Conversely, ssRNA2 and ssRNA3 share identical 3′-termini but no other sequence similarity with ssRNA1, lack substantial ORFs, do not possess poly(A) tails, and are proposed to represent satellite-like RNAs associated with LbBoV-3. To our knowledge, LbBoV-3 is the second member of the genus <i>Magoulivirus</i> associated with two satellite RNAs, expanding the current understanding of mycoviral diversity associated with this economically important phytopathogenic fungus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00705-026-06757-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular epidemiology, seroprevalence and genetic characterization of bovine rotavirus in Qinghai yaks: first identification of G6P[5] genotype","authors":"Ying Huang,&nbsp;Yuan Han,&nbsp;Qiaorong Zhao,&nbsp;Deqing Yan,&nbsp;Xiaoling Zeng,&nbsp;Wanchao Xue,&nbsp;Changjiang Chen,&nbsp;Qing Liu,&nbsp;Zhi Li,&nbsp;Ru Meng","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06758-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06758-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bovine Rotavirus (BRV) is the main pathogen responsible for viral diarrhea in calves, which has a serious impact on the cattle industry and leads to economic losses. Therefore, this study aimed to fill the gap in the epidemiological research of yak-sourced rotavirus in Qinghai Province by investigating the infection rate and antibody positive rate of BRVA from yaks in Qinghai Province. We collected a total of 1,195 yak anal swab samples, 95 diarrheal fecal samples, and 834 serum samples from various cities and prefectures in Qinghai Province. The TaqMan probe method and indirect ELISA assay were used to detect and comprehensively analyze the infection rate of BRVA and the positive rate of serum antibodies in different cities and prefectures of Qinghai Province. Additionally, the key factors influencing virus transmission were explored in combination with epidemiological characteristics. The results showed that BRVA infections occurred to varying degrees in Xining City, Haidong City, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, and Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The dominant genotype G6P[5] of the BRVA strains was first identified from yak populations in Qinghai Province. A total of 766 positive sera were detected by indirect ELISA, with an overall antibody positive rate of 91.85%. This study not only provided the latest epidemiological data of bovine rotavirus from yak populations in Qinghai Province, but more importantly, offered crucial data support for formulating targeted prevention and control strategies against BRVA in this region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and whole-genome characterization of an Orf virus strain from a goat in Binzhou, Shandong Province, China","authors":"Yao Tian,&nbsp;Feng Wei,&nbsp;Xiusheng Yin,&nbsp;Yueming Jin,&nbsp;Weiqin Meng,&nbsp;Lifang Zhang,&nbsp;Jing Dong,&nbsp;Jinliang Wang,&nbsp;Lin Li","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06755-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06755-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Orf virus (ORFV), a member of the genus <i>Parapoxvirus</i> within the family <i>Poxviridae</i>, causes contagious ecthyma in sheep and goats and is zoonotic. In this study, a scab sample collected from an affected goat in Binzhou, Shandong Province, China, was subjected to virus isolation and whole-genome characterization. ORFV was isolated in HeLa cells, and its identity was confirmed by F1L-targeted PCR with Sanger sequencing and indirect immunofluorescence assays using anti-F1L and anti-B2L polyclonal antibodies. Reference-independent de novo assembly of Illumina reads generated a 133,972-bp near-complete genome with a GC content of 64.05%, containing 122 predicted coding sequences and one tRNA. Terminal hairpin structures and complete inverted terminal repeats were not fully resolved. ORF-YW01 showed the highest average nucleotide identity with strain SY17 (MG712417.1; 98.82%), whereas the highest alignment percentage was observed with strain 28BD (PX497028.1; 98.58%). Phylogenetic analysis also placed ORF-YW01 in a sister relationship with strain 28BD. RDP5 analysis identified three potential recombination signals; however, breakpoint and parental assignments remained uncertain, and BootScan analysis did not show a consistent parental-switching pattern. These signals were therefore not considered confirmed recombination events. This study provides a near-complete genomic record of an ORFV field isolate from Binzhou and establishes a genome-scale reference for future surveillance and direct comparison of ORFV isolates from Shandong Province.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}