Archives of Virology最新文献

{"title":"EBV-HSA-RegDB: A database of regulatory interactions between Epstein–Barr virus and human miRNAs","authors":"Helber Gonzales Almeida Palheta,&nbsp;Amanda Ferreira Mercês,&nbsp;Greice de Lemos Cardoso Costa,&nbsp;Gilderlanio Santana de Araújo","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06753-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06753-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus associated with various malignancies and autoimmune diseases. MiRNAs play crucial roles in viral-host interactions by regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. Understanding the regulatory networks between EBV-encoded miRNAs and human miRNAs is essential for elucidating viral pathogenesis and identifying therapeutic targets. We reported the EBV-HSA miRNA Regulatory Database (EBV-HSA-RegDB, https://lbcd.ufpa.br/ebvhsa or https://lbcd.ia.br/ebvhsa), an integrated bioinformatics resource that combines comparative sequence analysis, regulatory network reconstruction, experimental data integration, and functional gene enrichment analysis. The database incorporates miRNA sequences from miRBase, experimentally validated miRNA-target interactions from miRTarBase, transcriptomic data from cell line models, and miRNA data from ENCORI/StarBase. We implemented multiple sequence-comparison methods, including Hamming, Levenshtein similarity, and the Needleman-Wunsch alignment algorithm, to investigate miRNA seed and global alignments. The tool reconstructs and enables exploration of a comprehensive regulatory network linking experimental data on EBV-encoded miRNAs, human miRNAs, and their target genes. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses using the KEGG and Reactome databases are also available. Network analysis identified key regulatory hubs and revealed convergent targeting patterns in which EBV and human miRNAs regulate the same target genes (<i>IPO7</i>, <i>DICER</i>, <i>TP53</i>, <i>E2F3</i>, <i>SMAD4</i>, <i>SPRY2</i>) and several pairs of EBV-encoded miRNAs and their human counterparts, with high similarity in their target sequences. Functional enrichment analysis uncovered significant associations with biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components, and pathways relevant to viral infection, immune response, and cellular transformation. The EBV-HSA-RegDB provides a user-friendly, interactive platform for exploring virus-host miRNA regulatory networks. This resource facilitates hypothesis generation regarding EBV pathogenesis mechanisms and may aid in elucidating novel gene targets for EBV-associated diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00705-026-06753-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome sequence determination and analysis of a betabaculovirus from the moth Glena bisulca, a defoliating pest of pines","authors":"Robert L. Harrison,&nbsp;Charlotte B. Francoeur,&nbsp;Daniel L. Rowley","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06756-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06756-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A baculovirus isolated from the moth <i>Glena bisulca</i> was characterized by electron microscopy of its occlusion bodies (OBs) and sequencing of its genome. The OBs of this virus, Glena bisulca granulovirus isolate 1002 (GlbiGV-1002), were ovocylindrical with a single virion, as described for other betabaculoviruses. The 104,702 bp circular genome contained six direct repeat (<i>dr</i>) regions and 121 open reading frames. A core gene phylogeny placed GlbiGV-1002 in betabaculovirus clade b with Cnaphalocrocis medinalis granulovirus (CnmeGV) as the nearest relative. Kimura-2-parameter nucleotide distance estimation indicates that GlbiGV-1002 represents a betabaculovirus species not currently cataloged by the ICTV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superinfection Exclusion Between Japanese Encephalitis Virus Genotypes I and III Occurs During Viral Entry","authors":"Hung-Han Hsu,&nbsp;Quan-Dong Peng,&nbsp;Shyan-Song Chiou,&nbsp;Yi-Chin Fan,&nbsp;Ruey-Yi Chang","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06751-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06751-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Superinfection exclusion occurs when a primary viral infection prevents subsequent infection of the same cell. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) comprises several genotypes that differ primarily in their envelope protein sequences, and a shift in predominance from genotype III (GIII) to genotype I (GI) has been observed in nature. However, the mechanisms contributing to this genotype replacement remain unclear. In this study, we examined superinfection exclusion between JEV GI and GIII in mammalian BHK-21 cells and mosquito C6/36 cells. Reciprocal exclusion was observed in both cell types. Further analysis in BHK-21 cells, using GIII as the primary virus and GI as the secondary virus, indicated that inhibition occurred at the viral entry stage. The extent of exclusion increased as the interval between primary GIII infection and secondary GI infection was prolonged, indicating that superinfection exclusion became progressively stronger over time. Quantitative analysis using fluorescently labeled GI virus and RT-qPCR further showed that GI entry was significantly reduced in cells previously infected with GIII compared with mock-infected controls. Transferrin uptake remained readily detectable in JEV-infected cells, suggesting that prior infection did not grossly impair transferrin internalization under the conditions examined. Together, these findings demonstrate superinfection exclusion between JEV GI and GIII and indicate that interference occurs predominantly during viral entry. The potential contribution of this phenomenon to JEV genotype replacement in nature warrants further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00705-026-06751-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete genome sequence of a novel isolate of Victorivirus nijyusani infecting Botrytis cinerea strain G20-5 associated with strawberry gray mold","authors":"Ju Chen,&nbsp;Yue Wang,&nbsp;Jingwen Wang,&nbsp;Can Zhao,&nbsp;Xuehong Wu","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06746-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06746-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the study, a novel isolate of <i>Victorivirus nijyusani</i> was isolated from <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> strain G20-5, a causal agent of strawberry gray mold, and tentatively named Botrytis cinerea victorivirus 4 (BcVV4). BcVV4 has a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of 5135 bp long and contains two open reading frames (ORFs) 1 and 2, which overlap in the AUGA sequence. They are predicted to encode a coat protein (CP) of 756-amino acid (aa) with a molecular weight of 80.2 kDa, and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of 850-aa with a molecular weight of 93.3 kDa, respectively. The aa sequence of CP encoded by ORF1 and RdRp encoded by ORF2 of BcVV4 exhibited the highest identity (77.48% and 73.26%) with those of Sclerotinia nivalis victorivirus 1 (SnVV1). Based on the phylogenetic analysis of aa sequence of RdRp, BcVV4 formed a distinct lineage within the genus <i>Victorivirus</i>. Taken together, BcVV4 is a novel isolate of the species <i>Victorivirus nijyusani</i> infecting <i>B. cinerea</i>, which belongs to the genus <i>Victorivirus</i> within the family <i>Pseudototiviridae</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lack of evidence for arthropod or vertical transmission of Hepacivirus bovis in a persistently infected dairy herd","authors":"Nadine Hake,&nbsp;Klaas Dietze,&nbsp;Christian von Holtum,&nbsp;Bernd Hoffmann,&nbsp;Ard M. Nijhof","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06747-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06747-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Hepacivirus bovis</i> (BovHepV) has been detected globally since its initial description in 2015, but its transmission routes remain largely unknown. Arthropod-borne or vertical transmission is a common route for several livestock viruses, including Rift Valley fever virus and bluetongue virus. Moreover, many members of the genus <i>Orthoflavivirus</i> (family <i>Flaviviridae</i>) are transmitted by hematophagous arthropods, raising the possibility that hepaciviruses such as BovHepV, which also belongs to the <i>Flaviviridae</i> family, could share similar transmission routes. In this study, we examined possible transmission routes of BovHepV, including the involvement of mosquitoes, hematophagous flies, biting midges, and mites. Arthropods were collected on a dairy farm with documented circulation of BovHepV genotypes 1 and 2 and were subsequently tested for the presence of BovHepV RNA by quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, multiple bovine sample types were examined for the presence of BovHepV RNA. To assess local spread, serum samples from cattle on a neighboring farm within flight range of stable flies and mosquitoes were analyzed. Potential vertical transmission was evaluated by testing serum samples from 20 calves and 20 young heifers. None of the analyzed samples tested positive for BovHepV RNA. However, BovHepV was detected in blood samples collected for bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) surveillance one month after the arthropod collection periods in both 2022 and 2023, confirming ongoing virus circulation on the farm. Under the conditions investigated, no evidence was found to support transmission via arthropods or vertical transmission. However, rare transmission events or low-prevalence vector involvement cannot be excluded and warrant further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic characterization of the first goat-associated orf virus genome sequenced directly from a human clinical sample in Portugal","authors":"Daniel Sobral,&nbsp;Rita Cordeiro,&nbsp;Ana Paula Brito,&nbsp;Ana Margarida Henriques,&nbsp;Sílvia C. Barros,&nbsp;Fábio Abade dos Santos,&nbsp;Margarida D. Duarte,&nbsp;Ana Pelerito,&nbsp;Isabel Lopes de Carvalho,&nbsp;Luís Coelho,&nbsp;Rita Ferreira,&nbsp;Sara Rangel,&nbsp;Luís Vieira,&nbsp;Maria Sofia Núncio,&nbsp;Vítor Borges,&nbsp;João Paulo Gomes","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06749-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06749-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The orf virus (ORFV) is a neglected zoonotic virus, with sporadic human infections, historically identified through clinical suspicion rather than molecular confirmation. We report the first molecularly confirmed human ORFV case in Portugal and the first goat-associated human-derived ORFV genome. Direct hybrid capture sequencing of a clinical biopsy from a veterinary student bitten by a goat yielded a 129.5 kb genome. Phylogenetic analysis placed the isolate within a goat-associated cluster, distinct from the two previously available human-derived genomes. This case highlights the value of molecular surveillance and genomic sequencing for One Health surveillance of neglected zoonoses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Genomic characterization of H6N1 avian influenza viruses from wild birds and domestic ducks in the republic of Korea and Mongolia (2022–2024)","authors":"Kyuyoung Lee,&nbsp;Se-Hee An,&nbsp;Gyeong-Beom Heo,&nbsp;Youn-Jeong Lee,&nbsp;Kwang-Nyeong Lee,&nbsp;Yong-Myung Kang","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06740-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06740-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A field deployable duplex RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay for rapid and sensitive detection of African swine fever virus","authors":"P. Madhankumar,&nbsp;Gaurav Kumar Sharma,&nbsp;K. G. Sai Balaji,&nbsp;Kanchan Singh,&nbsp;Samridhi Dixit,&nbsp;Shivali Khandelwal,&nbsp;Patil Ranjeet Mahesh,&nbsp;Ruchi Manju,&nbsp;Karikalan Mathesh,&nbsp;Praveen K. Gupta,&nbsp;Ravi Kant Agrawal,&nbsp;Sonalika Mahajan","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06738-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06738-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>African swine fever (ASF) is a notifiable transboundary disease of domestic pigs and wild suids that causes severe haemorrhagic fever, with high mortality, and substantial socio-economic losses worldwide. In the absence of effective vaccines or therapeutics, ASF control relies primarily on early diagnosis, strict biosecurity, and stamping-out strategies. In this study, we developed a rapid, field-deployable recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-CRISPR/Cas12a assay for the detection of African swine fever virus using both fluorescence- and lateral flow strip (LFS)-based readouts. The assay operates isothermally at 37 °ºC and enables rapid, equipment-free visual detection suitable for on-site testing. To improve diagnostic sensitivity and robustness, a dual-target approach was employed targeting the highly conserved C-terminal region of the p72 (B646L) gene and the early-expressing p22 (KP177R) gene. In the uniplex format, fluorescence-based assays achieved limits of detection of 10.18 and 13.68 copies/reaction for p72 and KP177R, respectively, whereas the LFS format detected 1,018 and 1,368 copies/reaction. Notably, the duplex RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay demonstrated enhanced sensitivity with detection limits of 1.02 copies/reaction in the fluorescence format and 102 copies/reaction in the LFS format. The assay showed 100% analytical specificity against other porcine viral pathogens and strong agreement with real-time PCR. Furthermore, lyophilized reagents formulated in a two-tube format retained their analytical performance after storage at 4 °C for one week, highlighting the platform’s potential for decentralized ASF surveillance and outbreak response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shotgun metagenomic sequencing and genetic characterization of four enteric viruses in a dairy farm suffering a diarrhea outbreak of undetermined cause in adult cattle","authors":"Matías Castells,&nbsp;María José Benítez-Galeano,&nbsp;Leticia Maya,&nbsp;María Laura Casaux,&nbsp;Ludmila Slimovich,&nbsp;Anderson Saravia,&nbsp;Andrés Lizasoain,&nbsp;Martín Fraga,&nbsp;Federico Giannitti,&nbsp;Nélida Rodríguez-Osorio,&nbsp;Rodney Colina","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06748-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06748-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diarrhea is an acute disease of cattle that has been extensively studied in calves; however, it has been far less investigated in adult cattle, despite its significant impact on milk production and animal health. In this study, we investigated an outbreak in a dairy herd in Uruguay for which initial diagnostic testing for the main known pathogens yielded negative results. Therefore, the outbreak was further investigated in depth using shotgun metagenomic sequencing, molecular virology assays and viral isolation. Of the three fecal samples from affected cows that were submitted for diagnostic testing and were negative for the main enteric pathogens, including BCoV, two were positive for bovine torovirus (BToV) by RT-qPCR. Next-generation sequencing-based virome analysis revealed over 3,300 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs), predominantly bacteriophages, but also eukaryotic viruses from 11 families. The complete genome of BToV was obtained and a putative novel protoparvovirus species was characterized. In addition, two distinct enteroviruses belonging to the species <i>Enterovirus fitauri</i> and <i>Enterovirus idromi</i> were identified. Notably, <i>Enterovirus idromi</i> had previously been reported exclusively in dromedaries; its detection in cattle expands the known host range of this species. Furthermore, the <i>Enterovirus idromi</i> strain appears to represent an interspecies recombinant enterovirus. These results highlight the importance of emerging approaches such as next-generation sequencing for identifying novel pathogens in cattle diseases and may serve as a basis for evaluating their potential role in disease pathogenesis, as well as for incorporating them into routine initial diagnostic testing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of a novel polymycovirus isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum","authors":"Xiao Wu,&nbsp;Rui Guo,&nbsp;Ying Wang,&nbsp;Ze Lan Qiu,&nbsp;Xiang Ping Zhou,&nbsp;Jie Zhong,&nbsp;Yan Song Xiao,&nbsp;Tian Bo Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00705-026-06739-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00705-026-06739-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Here, a novel double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) mycovirus, tentatively designated Fusarium oxysporum polymycovirus 1 (FoPmV1), was isolated from <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, a phytopathogenic fungus that causes tobacco root rot. The genome of FoPmV1 consists of eight dsRNA segments, referred to as dsRNA1 to dsRNA8, with lengths of 2440 bp, 2276 bp, 2042 bp, 1303 bp, 1144 bp, 1064 bp, 1004 bp, and 913 bp, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that these dsRNA segments encode 8 open reading frames (ORFs): ORF1 (771 amino acids, aa), ORF2 (699 aa), ORF3 (622 aa), and ORF4 (304 aa) encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), scaffold protein, methyltransferase, and coat protein (PASRP), respectively. While ORF5 (304 aa), ORF6 (161 aa), ORF7 (167 aa), and ORF8 (211 aa) encode proteins with unknown functions. BLAST analysis revealed that the RdRp of FoPmV1 shares the maximal sequence identity of 75.75% with the RdRp of Fusarium redolens polymycovirus 1. Phylogenetic analysis based on the RdRp sequence clustered FoPmV1 robustly within the family <i>Polymycoviridae</i>. Overall, this research represents the first report of a polymycovirus infecting <i>F. oxysporum</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8359,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Virology","volume":"171 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}