Archives of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Active-bromide and surfactant synergy for enhanced microfouling control","authors":"Sudhir K. Shukla,&nbsp;T. Subba Rao,&nbsp;Malathy N.,&nbsp;T. V. Krishna Mohan","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04154-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04154-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biofilms are structured microbial communities encased in a matrix of self-produced extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and pose significant challenges in various industrial cooling systems. A nuclear power plant uses a biocide active-bromide for control of biological growth in its condenser cooling system. This study is aimed at evaluating the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy of active-bromide against planktonic and biofilm-forming bacteria that are commonly encountered in seawater cooling systems. The results demonstrated that active-bromide at the concentration used at the power plant (1 ppm) exhibited minimal killing activity against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> planktonic cells. The bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity assay using <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> indicated that Triton-X 100 significantly decreased the hydrophobicity of planktonic cells, enhancing the susceptibility of the cells to active-bromide. Biofilm inhibition assays revealed limited efficacy of active-bromide at 1 ppm concentration, but significant inhibition at 5 ppm and 10 ppm. However, the addition of a surfactant, Triton-X 100, in combination with 1 ppm active-bromide displayed a synergistic effect, leading to significant biofilm dispersal of pre-formed <i>P. aeruginosa</i> biofilms. This observation was substantiated by epifluorescence microscopy using a live/dead bacterial assay that showed the combination treatment resulted in extensive cell death within the biofilm, as indicated by a marked increase in red fluorescence, compared to treatments with either agent alone. These findings suggest that active bromide alone may be insufficient for microfouling control in the seawater-based condenser cooling system of the power plant. Including a biocompatible surfactant that disrupts established biofilms (microfouling) can significantly improve the efficacy of active bromide treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"206 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the methodological perspectives for screening polyunsaturated fatty acids-containing bacteria","authors":"Vishnu Ramachandran,&nbsp;Sumithra Thangalazhy Gopakumar,&nbsp;Krupesha Sharma Sulumane Ramachandra,&nbsp;S. Chandrasekar,&nbsp;C. S. Tejpal,&nbsp;Anusree Velappan Nair,&nbsp;Sayooj Pootholathil,&nbsp;K. R. Sreenath,&nbsp;J. K. Nithyashree,&nbsp;Gopalakrishnan Achamveetil","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04155-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04155-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are vital molecules in the pharmaceutical, medical, and nutritional industries. Exploration of bacterial strains capable of producing significant amounts of PUFAs offers a promising avenue for biotechnological applications and industrial-scale production. However, an extensive screening of several samples from diverse sources is highly needed to identify a potential strain. The present study provides the results of the evaluation of 15 different screening methodologies (including changes in existing protocols in terms of reagent concentration, incubation temperature and time) for identifying PUFA-producing bacteria in comparison to the gold standard method (Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), for the first time. The results determined the most effective techniques for each critical PUFA, leading to an optimized screening process that saves time and resources. The H₂O₂ plate assay using 0.5% or 1% H₂O₂ for 72 &amp; 96 h of incubation at 15 °C consistently outperformed others for finding bacteria containing total nutritionally important long chain-PUFA (LC-PUFA), linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid. Whereas the 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride broth assay at 10–15 °C was the most effective and semiquantitative screening methodology for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and alpha-linolenic acid-containing bacteria. Apart from the methodological perspectives, the study also revealed certain potential strains to be targeted in the ongoing research on PUFA-containing bacteria. Further, the manuscript forms the first report on the presence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in <i>Shewanella decolorationis</i>, EPA in <i>Psychrobacter maritimus</i> and <i>Micrococcus aloeverae</i>, and both EPA and DHA in <i>Arthrobacter rhombi</i>. Altogether, the paper generates several thought-provoking insights on the methodological perspectives and identifies potential PUFA-containing bacteria with practical applications in future bacteria-based PUFA research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"206 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of two new species, Hymenobacter mellowenesis sp. nov. and Hymenobacter aranciens sp. nov., from soil","authors":"Seonjae Kim,&nbsp;Sathiyaraj Srinivasan,&nbsp;Myung Kyum Kim","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04150-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04150-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Strains M29^T and ASUV-10-1^T, which are aerobic, non-flagellated, and Gram-stain-negative, were isolated from soil samples collected in Inje (37°57’49.1\"N 128°19’53.7\"E) and Cheonan City (36°48’47.1\"N 127°05’22.4\"E), South Korea. Phylogenetic analyses based on rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains M29^T and ASUV-10-1^T form a distinct branch within the family <i>Hymenobacter</i> (order <i>Cytophagales</i>, class <i>Cytophagia</i>). Strain M29^T is most closely related to <i>Hymenobacter rubidus</i> DG7B^T with a 16 S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.05%. Strain ASUV-10-1^T shows closest genetic similarity to <i>Hymenobacter frigidus</i> B1789^T (96.42%), <i>Hymenobacter jeongseonensis</i> BT683^T (95.97%), and <i>Hymenobacter terricola</i> 3F2T^T (95.65%). The optimal growth conditions for these strains are pH 7.0, no NaCl, and a temperature of 25 °C. The dominant cellular fatty acids identified in these strains are iso-C_15:0, anteiso-C_15:0, and Summed Feature 3 (C_16:1<i>ω</i> 7<i>c</i> / C_16:1<i>ω</i> 6<i>c</i>). Both strains predominantly contain MK-7 as the respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids in strains M29^T and ASUV-10-1^T are phosphatidylethanolamine, aminophospholipid, and aminolipid. Based on biochemical, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic data, it is evident that M29^T and ASUV-10-1^T represent new species within the genus <i>Hymenobacter</i>. The new species were classified based on biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics. The taxonomic classification of these species was conducted following the guidelines and protocols outlined in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. We followed the methods for determining physiological and biochemical characteristics, as well as chemotaxonomic markers such as fatty acid profiles, quinone types, and polar lipid compositions. We also compared with the results of carbohydrate utilization and enzyme activities results [Bergey 1994]. Therefore, we propose the names <i>Hymenobacter mellowenesis</i> for strain M29^T (= KCTC 102056^T = NBRC 116578^T) and <i>Hymenobacter aranciens</i> for strain ASUV-10-1^T (= KCTC 92969^T = NBRC 116575^T).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"206 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Cyrene™, as an alternative to dimethyl sulfoxide, as a diluent for Melatonin to determine its in vitro antimicrobial capacity","authors":"Ana Muñoz-Jurado,&nbsp;Francisco Jurado-Martos,&nbsp;Eduardo Agüera,&nbsp;Isaac Túnez,&nbsp;Begoña M. Escribano","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04151-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04151-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Melatonin (MLT) is a methoxyindole that has potent antioxidant actions, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic capacity. However, its in vitro antibacterial capacity has been the least studied of its properties. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) has been the most used solvent for these tests, but it shows an antimicrobial effect if it is not dissolved. Cyrene™ is a new solvent that has emerged as an alternative to DMSO. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial capacity of MLT by MIC assays, using Cyrene™ as a solvent. Likewise, the solubility of MLT in this solvent and whether it exerted any effect on bacterial growth at different percentages was also determined. Different dilutions of MLT in Cyrene™ with different concentrations, were prepared. No growth inhibition caused by MLT was observed. The growth inhibition observed was because of Cyrene™. The maximum amount of MLT that can be diluted in 100% Cyrene is 10 mg/mL, but this percentage of solvent shows a bactericidal effect. Therefore, it must be dissolved at 5% to avoid this effect, so only 4 mg/mL of MLT can be diluted in it. Therefore, if no other solvents are available, the in vitro antibacterial role of MLT cannot be adequately assessed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"206 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of acidic and alkaline conditions on Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii interactions and their biofilms","authors":"Suthi Subbarayudu,&nbsp;P Snega priya,&nbsp;Rajakrishnan Rajagopal,&nbsp;Ahmed Alfarhan,&nbsp;Ajay Guru,&nbsp;Jesu Arockiaraj","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04142-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04142-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bacterial biofilms pose significant challenges due to their association with antibiotic resistance, metabolic adaptation, and survival under harsh conditions. Among notable pathogens forming biofilms, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> are concerning pathogens in nosocomial settings. However, their behaviour under acidic (pH 4.5) and alkaline (pH10.5) conditions, especially in co-culture setups, remains insufficiently understood. This study investigates these aspects, by examining growth rates, biofilm formation, pH shifts, phenotypic analysis, and gene expression profiles. The results showed <i>A. baumannii</i> exhibited reduced  growth and biofilm formation at pH 4.5, while <i>S. aureus</i> showed slow growth and low biofilm formation at pH10.5 in mono-cultures<i>. S. aureus</i> leaned towards an acidic pH (6–6.5), whereas <i>A. baumannii</i> shifted towards an alkaline pH (8–9). In co-culture environments, growth rates and biofilm formation increased across all pH conditions, converging towards a neutral pH over time. Phenotypic motility assays indicated that <i>A. baumannii</i> exhibited greater motility in alkaline conditions, while <i>S. aureus</i> showed increased staphyloxanthin production under acidic conditions. Gene expression analyses revealed that the fibronectin-binding protein A (<i>FnbA</i>) and N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase (<i>icaA</i>) genes, responsible for initial attachment during biofilm formation, were highly expressed in acidic co-culture condition but poorly expressed in alkaline condition. In <i>A. baumannii</i>, the outer membrane protein A (<i>OmpA</i>) gene associated with adhesion and virulence, was upregulated in co-culture. The <i>LuxR</i> gene involved in quorum sensing was upregulated in acidic conditions and poorly expressed at pH 10.5. This study elucidates the metabolic adaptability and biofilm formation tendencies of <i>S. aureus</i> towards acidic conditions and <i>A. baumannii</i> towards alkaline conditions, providing insights for better management of biofilm-related infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"206 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant lactate-assimilating cyanobacteria reduce high-concentration culture-associated cytotoxicity in mammalian cells","authors":"Yuji Haraguchi,&nbsp;Yuichi Kato,&nbsp;Ayaka Tsuji,&nbsp;Tomohisa Hasunuma,&nbsp;Tatsuya Shimizu","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04149-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04149-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the fields of cultured meat, biopharmaceuticals, cell therapy, and tissue engineering, large numbers of mammalian cells are required; thus, highly-concentrated cell cultures are widely adopted. In general, such cultures can lead to cell damage caused by waste product accumulation and nutritional inadequacy. In this study, a novel co-culture system where the recombinant lactate-assimilating cyanobacterial strain, KC0110, derived from euryhaline <i>Picosynechococcus</i> sp. PCC 7002, and mammalian muscle cells cultured across porous membranes been developed. By using the KC0110 strain, the amount of ammonium and lactate excreted from C2C12 mouse muscle cells into the culture significantly decreased. Importantly, pyruvate and some amino acids, including pyruvate-derived amino acids, also increased significantly compared to those in monoculture of C2C12 cells. It is believed that the organic acids secreted by the KC0110 strain enhance the growth of mammalian cells, leading to a reduction in high-concentration culture-induced mammalian cell damage [lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release] through cyanobacterial co-culture. These results show that, through co-cultivation with cyanobacteria, it is possible to culture mammalian cells, alleviating cell damage, even in highly-concentrated cultures. This study demonstrated an in vitro \"symbiotic circular system\" that can interchange metabolites produced by phototrophs and mammalian cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"206 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the activity of an inulosucrase by rational engineering for the efficient biosynthesis of low-molecular-weight inulin","authors":"Dawei Ni,&nbsp;Zhaolin Huang,&nbsp;Shuqi Zhang,&nbsp;Yang Yang,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Liu,&nbsp;Wei Xu,&nbsp;Wenli Zhang,&nbsp;Wanmeng Mu","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04153-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04153-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inulin, a widely recognized prebiotic, has diverse applications across various industrial sectors. Although inulin is primarily produced through plant extraction, there is growing interest in enzymatic synthesis as an alternative. The enzymatic production of inulin from sucrose, which yields polymers with degrees of polymerization similar to those of plant-derived inulin, shows potential as a viable replacement for traditional extraction methods. In this study, an inulosucrase from <i>Neobacillus bataviensis</i> was identified, demonstrating a non-processive mechanism specifically tailored for synthesizing inulin with polymerization degrees ranging from 3 to approximately 40. The enzyme exhibited optimal activity at pH 6.5 and 55 °C, efficiently producing inulin with a yield of 50.6%. Ca²⁺ can improve the activity and thermostability of this enzyme. To enhance catalytic total activity, site-directed and truncated mutagenesis techniques were applied, resulting in the identification of a mutant, T149S, displaying a significant 57% increase in catalytic total activity. Molecular dynamics simulations unveiled that the heightened flexibility observed in three surface regions positively influenced enzymatic activity. This study not only contributes to the theoretical foundation for inulosucrase engineering but also presents a potential avenue for the production of inulin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"206 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cloning, characterization of β-glucosidase from Furfurilactobacillus rossiae in bioconversion and its efficacy","authors":"Thi Ngoc Anh Tran,&nbsp;Jinnatun Nahar,&nbsp;Jin-Kyu Park,&nbsp;Mohanapriya Murugesan,&nbsp;Jae-Heung Ko,&nbsp;Jong Chan Ahn,&nbsp;Deok-Chun Yang,&nbsp;Ramya Mathiyalagan,&nbsp;Dong Uk Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04148-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04148-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Minor ginsenosides produced by β-glucosidase are interesting biologically and pharmacologically. In this study, new ginsenoside-hydrolyzing glycosidase from <i>Furfurilactobacillus rossiae</i> DCYL3 was cloned and expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i> strain BL21. The enzyme converted Rb1 and Gyp XVII into Rd and compound K following the pathways: Rb1→Rd and Gyp XVII→F2→CK, respectively at optimal condition: 40 °C, 15 min, and pH 6.0. Furthermore, we examined the cytotoxicity, NO production, ROS generation, and gene expression of <i>G</i><i>ynostemma</i> extract (GE) and bioconverted <i>G</i><i>ynostemma </i>extract (BGE) in vitro against A549 cell lines for human lung cancer and macrophage RAW 264.7 cells for antiinflammation, respectively. As a result, BGE demonstrated significantly greater toxicity than GE against lung cancer at a dose of 500 µg/mL but in normal cells showed lower toxicity. Then, we indicated an enhanced generation of ROS, which may be boosting cancer cell toxicity. By blocking the intrinsic way, BGE increased <i>p53</i>,<i> Bax</i>,<i> Caspase 3</i>,<i> 9</i>, and while <i>Bcl2</i> is decreased. At 500 µg/mL, the BGE sample was less toxic in normal cells and decreased the LPS-treated NO and ROS level to reduce inflammation. In addition, BGE inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory genes <i>COX-2</i>,<i> iNOS</i>,<i> IL-6</i>,<i> and IL-8</i> in RAW 264.7 cells than the sample of GE. In conclusion, FrBGL3 has considerable downstream applications for high-yield, low-cost, effective manufacture of minor ginsenosides. Moreover, the study’s findings imply that BGE would be potential materials for anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory agent after consideration of future studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"206 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"XylR regulates genes at xyl cluster, involved in D-xylose catabolism in Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z69","authors":"Ana Karen Malán,&nbsp;Juan José Marizcurrenaa,&nbsp;Manuela Oribe,&nbsp;Susana Castro-Sowinski,&nbsp;Silvia Batista","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04143-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04143-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>D-xylose, one of the most abundant sugars in lignocellulosic biomass, is not widely used to produce bioproducts with added value, in part due to the absence of industrial microorganisms able to metabolize it efficiently. <i>Herbaspirillum seropedicae</i> Z69 is a β-proteobacterium able to accumulate poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, a biodegradable thermoplastic biopolymer, with contents higher than 50%. It metabolizes D-xylose by non-phosphorylative pathways. In the genome of Z69, we found the genes <i>xylFGH</i> (ABC D-xylose transporter), <i>xylB</i>,<i> xylD</i>, and <i>xylC</i> (superior non-phosphorylative pathway), and the transcriptional regulator <i>xylR</i>,<i> f</i>orming the <i>xyl</i> cluster. We constructed the knock-out mutant Z69Δ<i>xylR</i> that has a reduced growth in D-xylose and in D-glucose, compared with Z69. In addition, we analyzed the expression of <i>xyl</i> genes by RT-qPCR and promoter fusion. These results suggest that XylR activates the expression of genes at the <i>xyl</i> cluster in the presence of D-xylose. On the other hand, XylR does not regulate the expression of <i>xylA</i>, <i>mhpD</i> (lower non-phosphorylative pathways) and <i>araB</i> (L-arabinose dehydrogenase) genes. The participation of D-glucose in the regulation mechanism of these genes must still be elucidated. These results contribute to the development of new strains adapted to consume lignocellulosic sugars for the production of value-added bioproducts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"206 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142340032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Fusaria mycoflora associated with natural occurrence of lisianthus wilt and stem rot in Central-highland Vietnam","authors":"Dung Le","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04145-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04145-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wilt and stem rot (WSR) is an emerging syndrome threatening cut lisianthus (<i>Eustoma russellianum</i>) production in Lam Dong province, Vietnam. The disease was observed in all 13 inspected commercial lisianthus greenhouses across major lisianthus cultivation areas in Lam Dong, including Da Lat, Lac Duong, Don Duong, and Duc Trong, with incidence increasing with plant age, ranging from 7.5 to 32.4%. Infected plants displayed stunting, wilting, stem rot and blight, and dieback, with predominance of wilt and stem rot. The disease showed polycyclic behavior, with symptoms shifting from random or scattered in young plants to clustered patterns after the initial flower cutting. Forty-one Fusaria-like fungal isolates recovered from diseased lisianthus plants were identified as <i>Fusarium vanleeuwenii</i> (28 isolates), <i>Neocosmospora solani</i> (11 isolates), and <i>F. annulatum</i> (2 isolates) based on morphological observations and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (<i>TEF-1α</i>) genes. The composition of Fusaria species varied across sites, with <i>F. vanleeuwenii</i> being consistently present. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that isolates of <i>F. vanleeuwenii</i> Li-Fo9511, <i>N. solani</i> Li-Fs4311, and <i>F. annulatum</i> Li-Fp3051 caused typical stem rot in <i>in-vitro</i> assays. <i>In-planta</i> assays showed wilting in seedlings starting two weeks post-infection, with a remarkable increase in disease incidence and severity between five and six weeks, particularly for <i>F. vanleeuwenii</i> Li-Fo9511. The pathogens were re-isolated and morphologically confirmed, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. This is the first report of <i>F. vanleeuwenii</i>, <i>N. solani</i>, and <i>F. annulatum</i> as pathogens of lisianthus WSR in Vietnam, highlighting the need for effective control strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"206 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142340031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}