Archives of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Pythium and Globisporangium species associated with cucumber rhizosphere causing damping-off and their effects on cucumber seed decay in Oman","authors":"Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli,&nbsp;Maria Renate Finckh,&nbsp;Rethinasamy Velazhahan,&nbsp;AlMohanad Mohammed AlJabri,&nbsp;Adnan Šišić,&nbsp;Shah Hussain,&nbsp;Raid Abdel-Jalil,&nbsp;Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04097-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04097-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Pythium</i> sensu lato (s.l.) is a pathogenic oomycete. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify <i>Pythium</i> s.l. species associated with the rhizosphere and roots of greenhouse-growing cucumbers showing damping-off symptoms in 10 Omani governorates (provinces). A total of 166 isolates were recovered from 276 rhizosphere soil and root samples and were identified based on the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I (COX I) gene region. <i>Pythium aphanidermatum</i>, <i>P. myriotylum</i>, <i>Globisporangium spinosum</i>, <i>Globisporangium</i> sp.1 (isolates Kb003/PySyCu-1 and Kb004/PySyCu-2), and <i>Globisporangium</i> sp.2 (isolate Ib002R) were identified. Among these species, <i>P. aphanidermatum</i> was the most abundant species, represented by 143 isolates (86.1%), followed by <i>G. spinosum</i> with 18 isolates (10.8%), <i>Globisporangium</i> sp.1 and <i>P. myriotylum</i> each with 2 isolates (2.4%), and <i>Globisporangium</i> sp.2 with 1 isolate (0.6%). Pathogenicity tests were also conducted for 38 isolates, including <i>P. aphanidermatum</i> (25), <i>P. myriotylum</i> (2), <i>Globisporangium</i> sp.2 (1), <i>G. spinosum</i> (8), and <i>Globisporangium</i> sp.1 (2). Among the tested isolates, only <i>Globisporangium</i> sp.2 isolate was avirulent, and none of the seeds were rotted at the end of the treatment. However, the other species induced the symptoms of seed decay with the incidence ranged from 86.7 to 100%. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted based on 222 ITS and 53 COX I sequences, and confirmed morphological identification. In addition, the genetic diversity of 93 <i>P. aphanidermatum</i> isolates was assessed via the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) method. The analysis produced 93 genotypes and 449 polymorphic loci. <i>Pythium aphanidermatum</i> populations were found to have moderate levels of genetic diversity (<i>H</i> = 0.2) and a moderate Shannon information index (I = 0.3793). Analysis of molecular variance (F_ST = 0.1, <i>P</i> = 0.0) revealed a moderate level of genetic differentiation among <i>P. aphanidermatum</i> isolates between Oman governorates. The sensitivity of 15 <i>P. aphanidermatum</i> isolates was evaluated against hymexazol at different concentrations (10, 100, and 1000 ppm). The results revealed that <i>P. aphanidermatum</i> could grow well at concentrations of up to 100 ppm hymexazol. However, hymexazol at 1000 ppm retarded the growth of <i>P. aphanidermatum</i>. This study showed that <i>P. aphanidermatum</i> is the most prevalent species in greenhouses in Oman and exhibited a moderate level of genetic diversity. Most of the isolates exhibited differences in tolerance to hymexazol but showed no resistance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141911504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type 1 fimbria and P pili: regulatory mechanisms of the prototypical members of the chaperone-usher fimbrial family","authors":"María I. Isidro-Coxca,&nbsp;Stephanie Ortiz-Jiménez,&nbsp;José L. Puente","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04092-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04092-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adherence to both cellular and abiotic surfaces is a crucial step in the interaction of bacterial pathogens and commensals with their hosts. Bacterial surface structures known as fimbriae or pili play a fundamental role in the early colonization stages by providing specificity or tropism. Among the various fimbrial families, the chaperone-usher family has been extensively studied due to its ubiquity, diversity, and abundance. This family is named after the components that facilitate their biogenesis. Type 1 fimbria and P pilus, two chaperone-usher fimbriae associated with urinary tract infections, have been thoroughly investigated and serve as prototypes that have laid the foundations for understanding the biogenesis of this fimbrial family. Additionally, the study of the mechanisms regulating their expression has also been a subject of great interest, revealing that the regulation of the expression of the genes encoding these structures is a complex and diverse process, involving both common global regulators and those specific to each operon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11316696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141911505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of endophytic bacteria with antimicrobial potential isolated from marine macroalgae from Yacila and Cangrejos beaches, Piura-Peru","authors":"Edwin Jorge Vega-Portalatino,&nbsp;Miriam Marleni Rosales-Cuentas,&nbsp;Carmen Tamariz-Angeles,&nbsp;Percy Olivera-Gonzales,&nbsp;Luis Alfredo Espinoza-Espinoza,&nbsp;Luz Arelis Moreno-Quispe,&nbsp;Jube Ciro Portalatino-Zevallos","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04098-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04098-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Endophytic bacteria found in marine macroalgae have been studied for their potential antimicrobial activity, consequently, they could serve as a valuable source of bioactive compounds to control pathogenic bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. Algae endophytic bacteria were isolated from <i>Caulerpa</i> sp., <i>Ulva</i> sp., <i>Ahnfeltiopsis</i> sp., and <i>Chondracantus chamissoi</i> from Yacila and Cangrejo Beaches (Piura, Peru). Antimicrobial assays against pathogenic bacteria were evaluated using cross-culture, over-plate, and volatile organic compound tests. Afterward, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of selected crude extracts were determined, also ITS molecular analysis, antifungal activity, and PCR of iturin, fengycin, and surfactin genes were performed for bacteria strains exhibiting better activity. Forty-six algae endophytic bacteria were isolated from algae. Ten strains inhibited gram-positive pathogenic bacteria (<i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>), and 12 inhibited gram-negative bacteria (<i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella enteric</i> sv <i>typhimurium</i>). Bacteria with better activity belong to <i>Bacillus</i> sp., <i>Kluyvera ascorbata</i>, <i>Pantoea agglomerans</i>, <i>Leclercia adecarboxylata</i>, and <i>Enterobacter</i> sp., which only four showed antifungal activities against <i>Candida albicans</i>,<i> C. tropicalis</i>, <i>Colletotrichium</i> sp., <i>Fusarium</i> sp., <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, and <i>Alternaria</i> sp. Furthermore, <i>K. ascorbata</i> YAFE21 and <i>Bacillus</i> sp. YCFE4 exhibited iturin and fengycin genes. The results indicate that the algae endophytic bacteria found in this study, particularly <i>K. ascorbata</i> YAFE21, <i>Bacillus</i> sp. YCFR6, <i>L. adecarboxylata</i> CUFE2, <i>Bacillus</i> sp. YUFE8, <i>Enterobacter</i> sp. YAFL1, and <i>P. agglomerans</i> YAFL6, could be investigated as potential producers of antimicrobial compounds due to their broad activity against various microorganisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141911533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vicia ervilia lectin (VEA) has an antibiofilm effect on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria","authors":"Beatrice Belfiori,&nbsp;Claudia Riccioni,&nbsp;Donatella Pietrella,&nbsp;Andrea Rubini,&nbsp;Maria Eugenia Caceres,&nbsp;Fulvio Pupilli,&nbsp;Michele Bellucci,&nbsp;Francesca De Marchis","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04100-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04100-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bacterial growing resistance to antibiotics poses a critical threat to global health. This study investigates, for the first time, the antibiofilm properties of <i>Vicia ervilia</i> agglutinin (VEA) from six different <i>V. ervilia</i> accessions against pathogenic bacteria, and the yeast <i>Candida albicans</i>. In the absence of antimicrobial properties, purified VEA significantly inhibited biofilm formation, both in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but not in <i>C. albicans</i>. With an inhibitory concentration ranging from 100 to 500 µg/ml, the VEA antibiofilm activity was more relevant against the Gram-positive bacteria <i>Streptococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, whose biofilm was reduced up to 50% by VEA purified from accessions #5 and #36. VEA antibiofilm variability between accessions was observed, likely due to co-purified small molecules rather than differences in VEA protein sequences. In conclusion, VEA seed extracts from the accessions with the highest antibiofilm activity could represent a valid approach for the development of an effective antibiofilm agent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11315768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141911506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between resistance evolution and carbon metabolism in Staphylococcus xylosus under ceftiofur sodium stress","authors":"Qianwei Qu,&nbsp;Haixin Peng,&nbsp;Mo Chen,&nbsp;Xin Liu,&nbsp;Ruixiang Che,&nbsp;God’spower Bello-Onaghise,&nbsp;Zhiyun Zhang,&nbsp;Xueying Chen,&nbsp;Yanhua Li","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04093-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04093-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Staphylococcus xylosus</i> has emerged as a bovine mastitis pathogen with increasing drug resistance, resulting in substantial economic impacts. This study utilized iTRAQ analysis to investigate the mechanisms driving resistance evolution in <i>S. xylosus</i> under ceftiofur sodium stress. Findings revealed notable variations in the expression of 143 proteins, particularly glycolysis-related proteins (TpiA, Eno, GlpD, Ldh) and peptidoglycan (PG) hydrolase Atl. Following the induction of ceftiofur sodium resistance in <i>S. xylosus</i>, the emergence of resistant strains displaying characteristics of small colony variants (SCVs) was observed. The transcript levels of TpiA, Eno, GlpD and Ldh were up-regulated, TCA cycle proteins (<i>ICDH</i>, <i>MDH</i>) and <i>Atl</i> were down-regulated, lactate content was increased, and NADH concentration was decreased in SCV compared to the wild strain. That indicates a potential role of carbon metabolism, specifically PG hydrolysis, glycolysis, and the TCA cycle, in the development of resistance to ceftiofur sodium in <i>S. xylosus</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141900798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective RNA isolation method for gram-positive and acid-fast bacteria: metamorphosed from conventional RNA isolation techniques","authors":"Jignasa H. Bera,&nbsp;Leyon Selvin Raj. A,&nbsp;Hemant Kumar,&nbsp;Nilesh Pandey,&nbsp;Dhara N. Patel","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04077-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04077-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The RNA-based study provides an excellent indication of an organism’s gene expression profile. Obtaining high-yield and high-purity RNA from Gram-positive and acid-fast bacteria is difficult without high-end kits and facilities. We optimised effective and simple protocol for RNA isolation that is a combination of enzymatic, physical and chemical treatment to disrupt cells. We successfully isolated high quality intact total RNA with yields ranging from 23.13 ± 0.40 to 61.51 ± 0.27 µg and the 260/280 purity ratio of 1.95 ± 0.01 to 2.05 ± 0.01 from <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, and <i>Mycobacterium smegmatis</i>. These results represents a significantly enhanced yield and purity compared to other combination of techniques which we performed. Compared to previous studies the yield obtained by this method is high for the studied organisms. Furthermore the yielded RNA was successfully used for downstream applications such as quantitative real time PCR. The described method can be easily optimised and used for various bacteria.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141896579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crotamine derived from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom combined with drugs increases in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities","authors":"Juliana Ramos de Oliveira,&nbsp;Cícera Datiane de Morais Oliveira-Tintino,&nbsp;Joara Nályda Pereira Carneiro,&nbsp;Andressa Guilhermino dos Santos,&nbsp;Anderson Maciel de Lima,&nbsp;Andreimar Martins Soares,&nbsp;Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais-Braga,&nbsp;Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho,&nbsp;Roberto Nicolete","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04096-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04096-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated crotamine (CTA), a peptide derived from the venom of the South American rattlesnake <i>Crotalus durissus terrificus</i>, known for its exceptional cell penetration potential. The objective was to explore the antibacterial and antifungal activity of CTA, its ability to inhibit efflux pumps and evaluate the effectiveness of its pharmacological combination with antibiotics and antifungals. In microbiological assays, CTA in combination with antibiotics was tested against strains of <i>S. aureus</i> and the inhibition of NorA, Tet(K) and MepA efflux pumps was also evaluated. CTA alone did not present clinically relevant direct antibacterial action, presenting MIC &gt; 209.7 µM against strains <i>S. aureus</i> 1199B, IS-58, K2068. The standard efflux pump inhibitor CCCP showed significant effects in all negative relationships to assay reproducibility. Against the <i>S. aureus</i> 1199B strain, CTA (20.5 µM) associated with norfloxacin diluted 10 × (320.67 µM) showed a potentiating effect, in relation to the control. Against the <i>S. aureus</i> IS-58 strain, the CTA associated with tetracycline did not show a significant combinatorial effect, either with 2304 or 230.4 µM tetracycline. CTA at a concentration of 2.05 µM associated with ciprofloxacin at a concentration of 309.4 µM showed a significant potentiating effect. In association with EtBr, CTA at concentrations of 2.05 and 20.5 µM potentiated the effect in all strains tested, reducing the prevention of NorA, Tet(K) and MepA efflux pumps. In the <i>C. albicans</i> strain, a potentiating effect of fluconazole (334.3 µM) was observed when combined with CTA (2.05 µM). Against the <i>C. tropicalis</i> strain, a significant effect was also observed in the association of fluconazole 334.3 µM, where CTA 2.05 µM considerably reduced fungal growth and decreased the potentiation of fluconazole. Against the <i>C. krusei</i> strain, no significant potentiating effect of fluconazole was obtained by CTA. Our results indicate that CTA in pharmacological combination potentiates the effects of antibiotics and antifungal. This represents a new and promising antimicrobial strategy for treating a wide variety of infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141896578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of light availability and light wavelength on growth, 2-MIB biosynthesis, and 2-MIB-related gene expression in Pseudanabaena foetida var. intermedia","authors":"Kaushalya Dayarathne,&nbsp;Toshiki Ishikawa,&nbsp;Aikeranmu Kadeer,&nbsp;Masatoshi Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Maki Kawai-Yamada","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04099-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04099-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) is an odiferous metabolite mainly produced by cyanobacteria, contributing to taste and odor problems in drinking water. The mechanisms involved in 2-MIB biosynthesis in cyanobacteria are not yet completely understood. This study investigated the effect of light availability and wavelength on growth, 2-MIB synthesis, and related gene expression in <i>Pseudanabaena foetida</i> var. <i>intermedia</i>. A significantly lower 2-MIB production was observed in <i>P. foetida</i> var. <i>intermedia</i> during the dark period of a 12-h photoperiod. Exposure to green light resulted in a significant decrease in 2-MIB production compared to white light and red light. The relative expression levels of 2-MIB-related genes in <i>P. foetida</i> var. <i>intermedia</i> were significantly lower during the dark period of a 12-h photoperiod and when cultured under green light. The expression of 2-MIB-related genes in cyanobacteria appears to be light-dependent. This study suggests that the demand for photopigment synthesis under unfavorable light conditions affects the 2-MIB synthesis in cyanobacteria.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141892722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary advances in kombucha fermentation, health efficacy, and market evolution","authors":"Karan Prajapati,&nbsp;Jignesh Prajapati,&nbsp;Dhaval Patel,&nbsp;Rohit Patel,&nbsp;Anish Varshnei,&nbsp;Meenu Saraf,&nbsp;Dweipayan Goswami","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04086-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04086-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Kombucha, a fermented tea beverage, has seen a significant rise in global popularity. This increase is attributed to its reported health benefits and extensive cultural heritage. The comprehensive review examines kombucha through microbiology, biochemistry, and health sciences, highlighting its therapeutic potential and commercial viability. Central to kombucha production is the symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeasts (SCOBY), which regulates a complex fermentation process, resulting in a bioactive-rich elixir. The study examines the microbial dynamics of SCOBY, emphasizing the roles of various microorganisms. It focuses the contributions of acetic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and osmophilic yeasts, including genera such as <i>Saccharomyces</i>, <i>Schizosaccharomyces</i>, <i>Zygosaccharomyces</i>, <i>Brettanomyces</i>/<i>Dekkera</i>, and <i>Pichia</i>. These microorganisms play crucial roles in producing bioactive compounds, including organic acids, polyphenols, and vitamins. These bioactive compounds confer therapeutic properties to kombucha. These properties include antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, cancer prevention, hepatoprotective, and detoxifying effects. The review also explores the growing market for kombucha, driven by consumer demand for functional beverages and opportunities for innovative product development. It emphasizes the necessity of standardized production to ensure safety and validate health claims. Identifying research gaps, the review highlights the importance of clinical trials to verify therapeutic benefits. Ultimately, this study integrates traditional knowledge with scientific research, providing directions for future studies and commercial expansion, emphasizing the role of kombucha in health and wellness.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neg1 overexpression in Trichoderma harzianum T4 enhanced its ability to produce spores and antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic fungi","authors":"Jingwen Liu,&nbsp;Yaping Wang,&nbsp;Shouquan Lu,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Liu,&nbsp;Henan Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04091-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04091-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> T4 is a soil fungus that plays an important role in the biological control of plant diseases. The aim of this study was to functionally characterize the β-1,6-glucanase gene Neg1 in <i>T. harzianum</i> T4 and to investigate the effect of its overexpression on biocontrol traits, especially antagonism against pathogenic fungi. We found that overexpression of Neg1 did not affect growth of <i>T. harzianum</i> but enhanced sporulation of <i>T. harzianum</i> T4 cultures. Generally, spores are closely related to the defense ability of defense fungi and can assist their proliferation and improve their colonization ability. Secondly, overexpression of Neg1 also increased the secretion level of various hydrolytic enzymes and enhanced the antagonistic ability against phytopathogenic fungi of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. The results suggest that Neg1 is a key gene for improving the biocontrol effect of <i>T. harzianum</i> T4, which contributes to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of <i>T. harzianum</i> T4 as a fungal biocontrol agent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}