Archives of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"CRISPR-Cas-mediated adaptation of Thermus thermophilus HB8 to environmental stress conditions","authors":"Abbas Karimi-Fard,&nbsp;Abbas Saidi,&nbsp;Masoud Tohidfar,&nbsp;Seyede Noushin Emami","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04246-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04246-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bacteria experience a continual array of environmental stresses, necessitating adaptive mechanisms crucial for their survival. Thermophilic bacteria, such as <i>Thermus thermophilus</i>, face constant environmental challenges, particularly high temperatures, which requires robust adaptive mechanisms for survival. Studying these extremophiles provides valuable insights into the intricate molecular and physiological processes used by extremophiles to adapt and survive in harsh environments. Through meta-analysis of microarray data, we revealed the key genes in <i>T. thermophilus</i> HB8 that respond to various environmental stresses. The analysis revealed 20 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 13 upregulated and seven downregulated genes, with a threshold of|log fold change| &gt; 1 and an adjusted p-value &lt; 0.05. Several genes identified as up-regulated in our analysis belonged to the CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) family. To validate these findings, we further evaluated the relative expression levels of <i>TTHB188</i> (<i>cas1/casA</i>), <i>TTHB189</i> (<i>cas2/casB</i>), <i>TTHB190</i> (<i>cas7</i>/<i>casC</i>), <i>TTHB191</i> (<i>cas5/casD</i>), <i>TTHB192</i> (<i>cas6</i>/<i>casE</i>), and <i>TTHB193</i> (<i>cas1e</i>) using RT-qPCR under H₂O₂ and salt stress conditions. The RT-qPCR analysis revealed significant up-regulation of transcripts, <i>casA</i>, <i>casB</i>, <i>casC</i>, <i>casD</i>, c<i>asE</i>, and <i>cas1e</i> under salt stress. However, under H₂O₂ stress, only, <i>casA</i>, <i>casB</i>, and c<i>asC</i> exhibited substantial increases in expression. Our findings may indicate that the CRISPR-associated proteins significantly impact the adaptive response of <i>T. thermophilus</i> HB8 to various environmental stresses, particularly salt stress, highlighting its significance in extremophile survival and adaptation. This research offers an important understanding of the complex strategies used by extremophiles to survive in challenging conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00203-025-04246-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143021989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Typing Arctic and Africa-2 clades of rabies virus using clade-defining single nucleotide polymorphisms","authors":"Ankeet Kumar,&nbsp;Utpal Tatu","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04235-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04235-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rabies is a deadly neurotropic, zoonotic disease with a mortality rate of 100% after symptoms appear. Rabies virus (RABV) is the primary cause of rabies disease in humans, and it mainly spreads via dog bites in developing countries. Over the course of RABV evolution, multiple RABV variants, called clades, have emerged. However, our understanding of these clades is limited, as the only method to identify a clade is sequencing, followed by phylogeny. In this study, we have developed a rapid, PCR-based method for typing two RABV clades. We utilised highly conserved amino acid changes specific to the Arctic and Africa-2 clades of the rabies virus (RABV). A single nucleotide substitution from adenine to thymine at position 178 within the nucleoprotein gene was found to be clade-specific in the Arctic clade. Similarly, adenine at position 638 is a distinctive marker for the Africa-2 clade. The assay demonstrated high specificity and offers the added benefit of PCR-based amplification, enabling virus detection even when viral titers are low. The assay can identify the Arctic clade and Africa-2 clade without sequencing and is highly specific and sensitive. Furthermore, this method can be adapted to detect other RABV clades and a wide range of viruses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potent antibacterial and cytotoxic bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi Diaporthe sp. associated with Salacia intermedia","authors":"Greesty Finotory Swandiny,&nbsp;Euis Filaila,&nbsp;Jepri Agung Priyanto,&nbsp;Puspa Dewi Narrij Lotulung,&nbsp;Vera Permatasari,&nbsp;Tia Okselni,&nbsp;Muhammad Eka Prastya,&nbsp;Tri Yuliani,&nbsp;Winarto Haryadi,&nbsp;Akhmad Darmawan,&nbsp;Gian Primahana","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04236-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04236-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antibacterial screening of endophytic fungi from Salacia intermedia identified <i>Diaporthe longicolla</i> as a potent strain exhibiting good activity against multidrug-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, with an MIC of 39.1 µg/mL. Scale-up fermentation and chromatographic purification of this strain yielded three known compounds, which were cytochalasin J (<b>1</b>), cytochalasin H (<b>2</b>), and dicerandrol C (<b>3</b>), as identified by liquid chromatography – high mass resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Among those compounds, dicerandrol C exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against ATCC and multidrug-resistant strains of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, and multidrug-resistant strains of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>, with MIC values ranging from 1.04 to 33.30 µM. Furthermore, dicerandrol C outperformed tetracycline in antibacterial efficacy against <i>S. aureus</i> ATCC 6538 and methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) strains (MIC of 1.04 µM). Further antibacterial evaluation showed that cytochalasin J (221.43 µM), cytochalasin H (202.59 µM), and dicerandrol C (tested at its MIC values of 1.04 µM for <i>S. aureus</i> ATCC 6538 and 16.65 µM for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> ATCC 15442) significantly inhibited bacterial biofilm formation. The biofilm inhibition percentages ranged from 61.09 to 78.17% for <i>S. aureus</i> and 41.22–56.83% for <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. In cytotoxicity assays against MCF-7 cells, all three compounds reduced cell viability (48.68–74.50%), with dicerandrol C demonstrating the highest potency. These findings highlight the potential of dicerandrol C as a powerful antibacterial and cytotoxic agent, facilitating further investigations into its therapeutic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual spores in mushrooms: bioactive compounds, factors and molecular mechanisms of spore formation","authors":"Dongmei Liu,&nbsp;Xueyan Sun,&nbsp;Xiwu Qi,&nbsp;Chengyuan Liang","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04220-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04220-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Throughout the life cycle of mushrooms, countless spores are released from the fruiting bodies. The spores have significant implications in the food and medicine industries due to pharmacological effects attributed to their bioactive ingredients. Moreover, high concentration of mushroom spores can induce extrinsic allergic reactions in mushroom cultivation workers. Therefore, it is important to study the bioactive ingredients of medicinal mushroom spores and molecular mechanisms of spore formation to develop healthcare products utilizing medicinal mushroom spores and breed sporeless/low- or high-spore-producing strains. This review summarizes the bioactive compounds of mushroom spores, the influence factors and molecular mechanisms of spore formation. Many bioactive compounds extracted from mushroom spores have a wide range of pharmacological activities. Several exogenous factors such as temperature, humidity, light, nutrients, and culture matrix, and endogenous factors such as metabolism-related enzymes activities and expression levels of genes related to sporulation individually or in combination affect the formation, size, and discharge of spores. The future research directions are also discussed for supplying references to analyze the bioactive compounds of spores and the molecular mechanisms of spore formation in mushrooms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and evaluation of the antifungal and antibiofilm potential of aminochalcones","authors":"Mayara Aparecida Rocha Garcia,&nbsp;Janaína de Cássia Orlandi Sardi,&nbsp;Mariana Bastos dos Santos,&nbsp;Josy Golsoni Lazarini,&nbsp;Pedro Luiz Rosalen,&nbsp;Luis Octávio Regasini","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04244-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04244-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Candida</i> is a commensal fungus of clinical interest that commonly lives in oral cavity and intestine but can become an opportunist microrganism and cause severe infections. A serie of 10 aminochalcones were designed and synthetized to obtain compounds anti-<i>Candida</i> with potent and broad-spectrum activity. The most active compound <b>J34</b> demonstrated excellent in vitro activity against <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>Candida tropicalis</i>, <i>Candida parapsilosis</i>, <i>Candida glabrata</i> and <i>Candida krusei</i> with minimum inhibitory concentration between 1.9 and 7.8 µg/mL. The association of aminochalcone <b>J34</b> with amphotericin B demonstrated synergistic effect against <i>C. albicans</i>, with Fractional Inhibiroty Concentration Index (FICI) value of 0.5. Subinhibitory concentration of <b>J34</b> inhibited the <i>C. albicans</i> adhesion to human keratinocytes. Treatment with <b>J34</b> reduced <i>C. albicans</i> biofilm formation, as well as acts on preformed biofilm in concentration-dependent mode. Time-kill curve demonstrated that <b>J34</b> had fungicidal action after 12 h of treatment. Preliminary mechanism of action study showed <b>J34</b> interacts with membrane ergosterol but does not act on fungal cell wall of <i>C. albicans</i>. In additon, in vivo studies using <i>Galleria mellonella</i> indicated low toxic effect of chalcone <b>J34</b> after 72 h of treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treponema denticola major surface protein (Msp): a key player in periodontal pathogenicity and immune evasion","authors":"Yue Zhao,&nbsp;Jiaxin Chen,&nbsp;Yifei Tian,&nbsp;Hong Huang,&nbsp;Feijun Zhao,&nbsp;Xuan Deng","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04223-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04223-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Treponema denticola</i>, a bacterium that forms a “red complex” with <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> and <i>Tannerella forsythia</i>, is associated with periodontitis, pulpitis, and other oral infections. The major surface protein (Msp) is a surface glycoprotein with a relatively well-established overall domain structure (N-terminal, central and C-terminal regions) and a controversial tertiary structure. As one of the key virulence factors of <i>T. denticola</i>, Msp is associated with adherence, immune response, and pore formation by the microorganism. It also mediates several pathological changes in histocytes, such as cytoskeleton disruption, neutrophil phagocytosis, and phosphoinositide balance interruption. In addition, the Msp of <i>T. denticola</i> is also an ortholog of the <i>Treponema pallidum</i> repeat (Tpr) proteins and Msp or Msp-like proteins that have been detected in other oral treponeme species. This review will discuss the structure, pathogenicity and homologs of Msp produced by <i>T. denticola</i>, illuminate the controversy regarding the structure and membrane topology of native Msp, explore the potential roles of Msp in the mechanism of <i>T. denticola</i> immune escape and provide an overview of the cytotoxicity and adherence ability of Msp. Further understanding of the structure and functions of Msp will offer new insights that will help promote further investigations of the pathogenic mechanisms of <i>T. denticola</i> and other treponemes, leading to more effective prophylactic or therapeutic treatments for relevant diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in rapid detection of Helicobacter pylori by lateral flow assay","authors":"Yanjin Dong,&nbsp;Jie Zhu,&nbsp;Ning Pan","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04239-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04239-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infection with <i>H</i>. <i>pylori (Helicobacter pylori</i>) is the most prevalent human infection worldwide and is strongly associated with many gastrointestinal disorders, including gastric cancer. Endoscopy is mainly used to diagnose <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection in gastric biopsies. However, this approach is invasive, time-consuming and expensive. On the other hand, serology-based methods can be considered as a non-invasive approach to detecting <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection. The LFA (lateral flow assay) serves as a rapid point-of-care diagnostic tool. This paper-based platform facilitates the detection and quantification of analytes within human fluids such as blood, serum and urine. Due to ease of production, rapid results, and low costs, LFAs have a wide application in clinical laboratories and hospitals. In this comprehensive review, we examined LFA-based approaches for detection of <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection from human fluids and compare them with other high-sensitivity methods like ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Furthermore, we reviewed methods to elevate LFA sensitivity during <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection including, CRISPR/Cas system and isothermal amplification approaches. The development and optimization of novel labeling agents such as nanozyme to enhance the performance of LFA devices in detecting <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> were reviewed. These innovations aim to improve signal amplification and stability, thereby increasing the diagnostic accuracy of LFA devices. A combination of advances in LFA technology and molecular insight could significantly improve diagnostic accuracy, resulting in a significant improvement in clinical and remote diagnostic accuracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting InhA in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: potent antimycobacterial activity of diaryl ether dehydrozingerone derivatives","authors":"Mohamad Mosa Mubarak,&nbsp;Hadiya Amin Kantroo,&nbsp;Firdoous Ahmad Mir,&nbsp;Chetan Kumar,&nbsp;Zahoor Ahmad","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04238-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04238-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global threat, with 10 million new cases and 1.5 million deaths each year. In multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), resistance is most commonly observed against isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF), the two frontline drugs. Isoniazid resistance is predominantly linked to mutations in the &lt;i&gt;InhA&lt;/i&gt; gene, which encodes an enzyme involved in mycolic acid synthesis, a vital component of the mycobacterial cell wall. Mutations in InhA reduce drug binding, rendering INH ineffective. These morbidity and mortality figures, along with the fact that the rise and global spread of drug-resistant TB, underscores the need for the discovery of novel therapeutics. In this direction, we have previously synthesized, characterized, and screened a library of diaryl ether dehydrozingerone derivatives against mycobacteria and identified two best hits, &lt;b&gt;7&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;14&lt;/b&gt;, based on bacteriostatic activities. The present study aimed to thoroughly investigate the antituberculosis potential of these compounds, particularly regarding drug-resistant TB. Our findings revealed that both compounds exhibited tuberculocidal activity against the standard laboratory strain &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium tuberculosis&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;M. tb&lt;/i&gt;) H37Rv, with minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of 4μg/ml for compound &lt;b&gt;7&lt;/b&gt; and 8 μg/ml for compound &lt;b&gt;14&lt;/b&gt;. Next, concentration vs time-kill kinetics of both these compounds showed concentration-dependent bactericidal activities against &lt;i&gt;M. tb&lt;/i&gt; and complete pathogen eradication from culture at just 16× MIC. Both compounds were found to be suitable for combination regimens as their interactions with isoniazid and rifampicin against &lt;i&gt;M. tb&lt;/i&gt; were observed to be synergistic. Additionally, &lt;b&gt;7&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;14&lt;/b&gt; exhibited minimal hemolysis against human RBCs and less cytotoxicity was observed against three human cell lines up to 1000 μM. Molecular docking revealed that these compounds bind more effectively to &lt;i&gt;M. tb&lt;/i&gt; InhA, including its mutant forms where isoniazid binding is impaired, outperforming both isoniazid and triclosan in binding affinity. Importantly &lt;b&gt;7&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;14&lt;/b&gt; showed potent activity against drug-susceptible clinical isolates and two isoniazid-resistant &lt;i&gt;M. tb&lt;/i&gt; clinical isolates equivalent to that against &lt;i&gt;M. tb&lt;/i&gt; H37Rv. The most interesting observation was that both compounds were found to be effective against three multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of &lt;i&gt;M. tb&lt;/i&gt;, thereby depicting their potential against drug-resistant TB. An ex vivo assay on RAW 264 cells infected with &lt;i&gt;M. tb&lt;/i&gt; demonstrated a significant reduction in bacterial load at 8× MIC, revealing the fact that these compounds are highly effective against intracellular &lt;i&gt;M. tb&lt;/i&gt; H37Rv. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reports promising antimycobacterial potential of &lt;b&gt;7&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;14&lt;/b&gt; against drug-susceptible, isoniazid-resistant, and MDR tuberculosis which warra","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of ions, pH and the nature of substrate on the structure and activity of a robust single-stranded DNA binding (SSB)-like protein from Phi11","authors":"V. Ratre,&nbsp;M. Biswas","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04222-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04222-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The gene <i>gp13</i> in bacteriophage Phi11 has been annotated as a Single-Stranded DNA binding protein (SSB protein, GenBank accession no. NC_004615.1). SSB proteins protect Single-stranded DNA intermediates generated during replication, recombination, and repair from nuclease degradation by binding to them. This highlights the importance of SSB proteins in the DNA metabolic processes. In this investigation, we have reported a systematic analysis of the structural and functional changes induced in rGp13 (the gene product of <i>gp13</i>) by several factors, such as metal ions and buffers of varying pH. The nature and length of the substrate required for the optimum function of rGp13 has also been investigated. Our results suggest that rGp13 is a robust protein which maintains its structure and function over a wide range of pH, with pH 4 being an exception. The monovalent cations used in this study seemed to have a stabilizing effect on the protein. Interestingly, among the divalent cations studied, only Zn²⁺ ions were found to completely destabilise rGp13, with a complete loss of the parallel β-sheet and α-helical content of the protein. This, in turn, totally abolished the DNA binding activity of rGp13. Another interesting observation from this study was that rGP13 could also bind to double-stranded DNA molecules. In summary, SSBs bind to dsDNA, ensuring genome integrity, protecting ssDNA, and impacting transcriptional processes. These crucial functions highlight their significance in maintaining cellular stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light sensitive orange carotenoid proteins (OCPs) in cyanobacterial photoprotection: evolutionary insights, structural–functional dynamics and biotechnological prospects","authors":"Syama Prabha,&nbsp;Aravind K. Vijay,&nbsp;Doniya Elze Mathew,&nbsp;Basil George","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04215-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-024-04215-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Among all photosynthetic life forms, cyanobacteria exclusively possess a water-soluble, light-sensitive carotenoprotein complex known as orange carotenoid proteins (OCPs), crucial for their photoprotective mechanisms. These protein complexes exhibit both structural and functional modularity, with distinct C-terminal (CTD) and N-terminal domains (NTD) serving as light-responsive sensor and effector regions, respectively. The majority of cyanobacterial genomes contain genes for OCP homologs and related proteins, highlighting their essential role in survival of the organism over time. Cyanobacterial photoprotection primarily involves the translocation of carotenoid entity into the NTD, leading to remarkable conformational changes in both domains and formation of metastable OCP^R. Subsequently, OCP^R interacts with phycobiliprotein, inducing the quenching of excitation energy and a significant reduction in PS II fluorescence yield. In dark conditions, OCP^R detaches from phycobilisomes and reverts to OCP^O in the presence of fluorescent recovery proteins (FRP), sustaining a continuous cycle. Research suggests that the modular structure of the OCPs, coupled with its unique light-driven dissociation and re-association capability, opens avenues for exploiting its potential as light-controlled switches, offering various biotechnological applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142963137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}